1、General Concepts in Simulation關(guān)于模擬培訓(xùn)的總體概念關(guān)于模擬培訓(xùn)的總體概念Paul E. Phrampus, MDDirectorPeter M. Winter Institute for Simulation, Education and Research (WISER)Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of PittsburghDo you agree that this is simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬培訓(xùn)嗎？Do you agree that this is simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬

2、培訓(xùn)嗎？Do you agree that this is simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬培訓(xùn)嗎？Do you agree that this is simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬培訓(xùn)嗎？Do you agree that this is simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬培訓(xùn)嗎？Do you agree that this is simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬培訓(xùn)嗎？TESTING測(cè)試測(cè)試TEACHING教學(xué)教學(xué)What can you do with Simulation?您認(rèn)同這是在做模擬培訓(xùn)嗎？What is Driving All of This

3、?是什么促使前面情況的出現(xiàn)？Demand for Healthcare Practitioners對(duì)專業(yè)醫(yī)務(wù)人員的需求Healthcare Education Resources醫(yī)學(xué)教學(xué)資源Demand ForPERFECTIONIn Healthcare對(duì)專業(yè)醫(yī)療水平進(jìn)一步完善完善的需要PLUS 另外PLUS 還有Whats the Ultimate Goal?最終目標(biāo)是？Expert Curriculum專業(yè)化課程專業(yè)化課程Best Practices最好的練習(xí)最好的練習(xí)Teach 教學(xué)教學(xué)ASSESS 評(píng)估評(píng)估Expert curriculum + Competent facilitat

4、or = Standardized Experience 專業(yè)化課程專業(yè)化課程+ 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、熟練的模型操作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、熟練的模型操作=標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化練習(xí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化練習(xí)The Job of Healthcare Educators醫(yī)學(xué)教育者的工作Psychomotor Skills心理技能Communications Skills溝通能力Professionalism Skills專業(yè)技能Decision Making做決斷Base Knowledge基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)Teamwork Skills團(tuán)隊(duì)工作技能MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST KNOWLEDGE DOES NOT EQUAL CLINICAL PERF

5、ORMANCE理論知識(shí)不等同于臨床表現(xiàn)WE NEED TO KNOW MORE!我們需要懂得更多 Basic Components of Successful Simulation Program成功的模擬課程的構(gòu)成成功的模擬課程的構(gòu)成High Volume Reliability?大批量的可靠性？Instructor Number 1導(dǎo)師 數(shù)量 1Instructor Number 2導(dǎo)師 數(shù)量 2Instructor Number 3導(dǎo)師 數(shù)量 3High Volume Reliability大批量的可靠性Measure HereInstructor Number 1導(dǎo)師 數(shù)量1Instr

6、uctor Number 2導(dǎo)師 數(shù)量 2Instructor Number 3導(dǎo)師 數(shù)量 3Simulation and Level of Training模擬培訓(xùn)和培訓(xùn)水平 For Students? 對(duì)于本科生意味著？ Standardize the experience 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化經(jīng)驗(yàn) Build Base Knowledge 鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) Introduce Clinical Variability 介紹臨床變化 Allow for repetitive practice to increase retention 重復(fù)練習(xí)增加記憶 Some psychomotor skills dev

7、elopment 某些心理活動(dòng)技能的發(fā)展 Introduce team conecpts 介紹團(tuán)隊(duì)概念 For Post Graduates? 對(duì)于研究生意味著？ Standardizing the experience 進(jìn)一步標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化經(jīng)驗(yàn) Clinical Supplement + + + 臨床應(yīng)用+ Procedural Mastery 熟練操作流程 Continue to build base knowledge 繼續(xù)鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) Increase mastery of team functions 增加團(tuán)隊(duì)合作熟練度Simulation and Level of Training模擬培訓(xùn)

8、和培訓(xùn)水平Simulation for Residents?模擬培訓(xùn)對(duì)于住院醫(yī)師意味著？Entering Student進(jìn)入學(xué)生中間New Resident新住院醫(yī)Program Objectives Met(Graduation)滿足教學(xué)計(jì)劃目標(biāo)（本科生）IndependentClinician獨(dú)立的臨床醫(yī)生Simulation For Practicing Professionals?模擬培訓(xùn)對(duì)于專業(yè)醫(yī)生意味著？ Maintenance of Competence 臨床能力的維持 Base Knowledge Maintenance 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的維持 Clinical Track Recor

9、d (Quality Assurance) 臨床追蹤記錄（確保質(zhì)量） Experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn) Currency of Knowledge 知識(shí)的融會(huì)貫通 Therapeutic advances 治療的進(jìn)展 Skills / Procedures 技能/流程O(píng)N Going Clinical Competency臨床能力的晉級(jí)Clinical Problem臨床問(wèn)題ProvideCare提供治療提供治療Knowledge AExperience經(jīng)驗(yàn)Knowledge BBase Knowledge基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)Decisions決斷Knowledge CSimulation Exposure模擬

10、探索Monitoring 監(jiān)控監(jiān)控Quality of Care 護(hù)理質(zhì)量Experience / ExposureSo, how do we tie it all together?那么，我們?nèi)绾伟阉幸蛩乩壴谝黄餋urriculum model- expert content, competent facilitator課本模式專業(yè)化課程內(nèi)容，熟練的模型操作者Best practices in simulation用模擬培訓(xùn)做最好的練習(xí)The changing learner學(xué)習(xí)者的逐步改變 Technology advances科技的進(jìn)步Understanding and addressing barriers理解和表達(dá)障礙Adult learning principles成人學(xué)習(xí)原則Summary概述 De