1、初三英語新開一中余艷新開一中余艷1AnglebabyWhats her name?She is called Anglebaby.2考點一考點一: :被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):be + P.P.有各種時態(tài)的變化有各種時態(tài)的變化31. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am / is / are + PP4把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)：把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)：時態(tài)時態(tài):（一）（一）一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：a

2、m / is / are + done1.We like Miss Lin Very much.islikedMiss Lin _ _ by us very much.2.Many young people love Jay Chou songs.arelovedJay Chou s songs _ _ by many young people.5task2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was /

3、were + PP6把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)：把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)：時態(tài)時態(tài):一般過去時一般過去時（二）（二）結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were + done1.The man repaired the car yesterday.The car _ _ by the manwasrepairedyesterday. 2.Mr Song encouraged us to studyhard last week.We _ _ to study wereencouragedhard by Miss Peng last week.7task3. Many houses _ in the future.

4、A. will buildB. will be builtC. are built 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP8(三三)時態(tài)時態(tài):一般將來時一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：will /be going to + be +done1.The city will build the new airportnext year.The new airport _ _ _ willbe builtnext year.2.Huidong Middle School is going to send two students to

5、 Hongkong tostudy.are going tobe sentTwo students_ _ _ _ _to Hongkong to study.9task4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have / has + been + PP10(四四)時態(tài)時態(tài):現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：Have/has + been +done1.Li Ming has already watered some lowers.

6、havebeen wateredSome flowers _ _ _by Li Ming already.2.They have sold out the light green dressThe light green dress _ has been_ _ out.sold11task5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + PP12（四）（四）含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：結(jié)

7、構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)： 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + done1.You mustn t clean the room today.The room_ _ _ by you today.mustn bet cleaned2.We should finish our homework on timeOur homework_ _ _should befinishedby us on time.13Part 3練習: 用be動詞的正確形式填空 .is1.A knife _ used to cut apples.has been2. The air _ polluted already.will be 3.Th

8、e rooms _cleaned later.are4. The students _ asked to have breakfast. be5.They should_ encouraged to study hard.was6.Not only he but also I _ punished last night.14一一 用適當?shù)男问教羁沼眠m當?shù)男问教羁? History is _ by the people. ( make)made2 He is often _ to do the work by the teacher. (ask)asked3 The book _ by him

9、last year. ( write )was writtenwas mended4 The radio _ last week. ( mend)5 Some trees _ on the hill already. (plant)have been planted6 A new subway _ (build) next year.will be builthas been taken7 She _ (take) to the hospital already.8 Thousands of satellites _ (send) up into the have been sentspace

10、 so far.had been invited9 They said they _ (invite) to the party already.are produced10 The trains _( produce) in Zhuzhou.11 Young trees should _(water) often.be watered15Summary以下時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is /are + done一般過去時：was/were + done一般將來時：情態(tài)動詞:will + be + done 情態(tài)動詞+be+done現(xiàn)在完成時：has / have + been + d

11、one16Task 4考點二考點二: :被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況:176. Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells感官動詞感官動詞, 和和sell等動詞用主動等動詞用主動語態(tài)表被動語態(tài)表被動.18思考思考3: 選擇選擇1.The pen _well. BA . is written B . writes 2.The music _ nice. AA . sounds B . is sounded有些動詞的主動形式

12、表示被動含義有些動詞的主動形式表示被動含義注意問題注意問題3：.1.read,sell, last, wash, write等帶狀語（well, easily)時。如:Her book sells well.2.感官動詞感官動詞feel, look, smell, sound, taste等等與形容詞連用時。與形容詞連用時。如：如：The cake tastes delicious.197. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were diedB. deadC. diedhappen, last, die等動詞不使用等動詞

13、不使用被動被動.20思考思考2: 判斷下列句子的正誤判斷下列句子的正誤1.It will happen in 50 years. ( )x2.It will be happened in 50 years. ( )注意問題注意問題2：不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如：不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如：happen, take place , begin , becomedissappear, come out.挑戰(zhàn)218. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish when the police walked past the park. A. was

14、 made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; saw22主動主動: :see / hear sb. do sth被動被動: :be seen / heard to do sth主動主動: :see / hear sb. doing sth.被動被動: :be seen / heard doing sth.主動主動: :make sb.do sth.被動被動: :be made to do sth.23思考思考4: 把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)I saw him fall off the t

15、ree.was seen toHe _ _ _ fall off the tree.注意問題注意問題4：一些動詞如（如：一些動詞如（如： make, see, hear, watch 等），后接賓語補足語為不帶等），后接賓語補足語為不帶“to”不定式時，不定式時，變被動語態(tài)時要加上變被動語態(tài)時要加上“to”。24挑戰(zhàn)9. Children should _. A. take good care ofB. be taken good careC. be taken good care of固定短語的被動不要丟掉后面的固定短語的被動不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞介詞或副詞2510. Your desk

16、_. A. needs repairB. needs repairingC. needs to repairneed, allow 可以用可以用-ing形式表示形式表示被動被動need to be done = need doingbe allowed to do = allow doing26練習：練習：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳?。將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.His father is listened to carefully by Li Lei .2.The mother looked after the baby i

17、n the room.The baby was looked after in the room.3.We took care of the things. The things were taken care of by us.4.They gave us some work.We were given some work.Some work was given to us by them.5.The boy made them laugh all the time.6.My mother buys me a bike.A bike is bought for me.They were ma

18、de to laugh all the time.275、常見的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：、常見的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）.be covered with 被被覆蓋覆蓋（2）.be made of 由由制作（發(fā)生物理變化）制作（發(fā)生物理變化）be made from 由由制作（發(fā)生化學(xué)變化）制作（發(fā)生化學(xué)變化）be made in 在（某地）制造在（某地）制造be made by 被（某人）制造被（某人）制造283）be used for 被用來被用來 be used as 被當作被當作(作為作為)來使用來使用be used to do sth 被用來做某事被用來做某事（4）.It is said that 據(jù)說據(jù)說

19、 It is reported / believed that 據(jù)報道據(jù)報道/據(jù)認為據(jù)認為It is hoped that 希望希望 It is well known that 眾所周知眾所周知291.一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): am/is/are + vt 過去分詞過去分詞2.一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): was/ were + vt 過去分詞過去分詞3.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+be+ vt 過去分詞過去分詞4.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): will/shall +b

20、e + vt 過去分詞過去分詞5.現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): am/ is /are+being + vt 過去分詞過去分詞6.過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):was / were + being+ vt 過去分詞過去分詞7.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): have/has been + vt 過去分詞過去分詞30從主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)從主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1.1.主語主語2.2.謂語謂語介詞介詞by by 賓語賓語加加be,be,并變?yōu)檫^去分詞并變?yōu)檫^去分詞3.3.賓語賓語主語主語The boy broke the g

21、lass.變化：變化：示例示例The glass was broken by the boy.31二、常見語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換二、常見語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換（一）一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。（一）一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。引入練習引入練習1。請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)1.Lucy bought some fruit.was bought Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.by2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day.The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.are watered by3

22、.Did they build the bridge in 1998?built_ the bridge _ in 1998?Was4.When did Lu Xun write these books?werewritten byWhen _these books _ _ Lu Xun?5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.arent grownApples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.wasnt cleanedThe classroom _ _ yest

23、erday.小結(jié)：小結(jié)：過去分詞過去分詞1、被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換，在、被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換，在be+過去分詞中，確定過去分詞中，確定be _ _永永形形是關(guān)鍵，是關(guān)鍵，不變。不變。主動時態(tài)主動時態(tài)2、Be的時態(tài)由的時態(tài)由_確定；確定；be的單的單/復(fù)數(shù)由復(fù)數(shù)由_確確被動主語被動主語be定。定。32be動詞動詞3、問句提前、問句提前_; 否定否定_后加后加not.(二）一般現(xiàn)在時帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。二）一般現(xiàn)在時帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。引入練習引入練習2。請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。1.You can do the work all by yourself.The work

24、_ _ _ all by yourself.can be done2.We must plant more trees.More trees _ _ _.3.Can we put our bikes here?must be planted_ our bikes _ _ here?4.You mustnt throw rubbish here.Rubbish _ _ _ here.Canbe put小結(jié)：小結(jié)：1.含情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：含情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： _.mustnt be thrown 2.疑問句提前疑問句提前_; 否定句：否定句：_+not.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞過去分詞

25、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞33注意事項：注意事項：1.1.一般可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的動詞為一般可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的動詞為及物動詞及物動詞2.2.bebe動詞動詞可根據(jù)可根據(jù)人稱人稱、時態(tài)時態(tài)、數(shù)數(shù)進行變化進行變化. .3.3.不特別強調(diào)不特別強調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者動作執(zhí)行者時，時，byby短語短語( (即即byby和后面的賓語和后面的賓語) )一般可以省略一般可以省略341.帶雙賓語的句子有兩種改法帶雙賓語的句子有兩種改法: 一般情況一般情況下把指人的賓語作為被動句的主語下把指人的賓語作為被動句的主語.當把當把直接賓語物作為主語時，要加介詞直接賓語物作為主語時，要加介詞to,for1.We call Mr

26、. Smith a living Lei Feng.is calledMr. Smith_ a living Lei Feng (by us).2.Toms father bought him a book.was boughtHe _ a book (by his was bought tofather)35如如：givebe given to 此類動詞有：此類動詞有：pass, show, buybe boughtsend for此類動詞還有：此類動詞還有：draw，make, cook,mend362.2.感官動詞感官動詞( (hear, see, watch, feel, notice

27、等等) )和使役動詞和使役動詞( (let ,make have等等) )在主動語態(tài)在主動語態(tài)中后接不帶中后接不帶toto的動詞不定式的動詞不定式, ,但是改為被動語態(tài)但是改為被動語態(tài)時時, , 把把toto加在動詞原形之前加在動詞原形之前. .They made the boys work12 hours a day.The boys were made to work12 hours a day.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.37We often see him go for a walk by the river.3主動句中

28、含有賓語補足語句子的被動語態(tài)主動句中含有賓語補足語句子的被動語態(tài): :把人變?yōu)橹髡Z把人變?yōu)橹髡ZMother told me not to be late.I was told not to be late by mother.I saw mother planting flowers in the garden.Mother was seen plantingflowers in the garden.38take care of be taken care ofcut down be cut downlaugh at be laughed atlook after be looked aft

29、erSpeak to be spoken to動詞短語變被動語態(tài)，后面的介詞不能動詞短語變被動語態(tài)，后面的介詞不能丟。丟。Hand in be handed in394 短語動詞的被動語態(tài)短語動詞的被動語態(tài)I can take good care of the baby.The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken topolitely.40stop , taste在句中是不及物動在句中是不及物動詞，后面不能直接帶賓語，因此詞，后面不能直接帶賓語，因

30、此不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。?The rain stopped.?The soup tastes delicious.happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆發(fā)）爆發(fā)）41不及物動詞（不及物動詞（vi.)不能用于被動語態(tài)。不能用于被動語態(tài)。happenede.g.A traffic accident _(happen) just now.2. 連系動詞連系動詞（Link.v.)不用被動語態(tài)不用被動語態(tài)。如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, t

31、urn, becomesoundse.g.Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.3. 當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候，候，不用被動語態(tài)不用被動語態(tài) 。e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.writessellsThis kind of sweater _(sell) well. 42三、漢語中含有三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有有人說人說”、“大家說大家說”等時。例如：等時。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house a

32、nd It was reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that 431.-Did you go to Jims birthday party?B-No, I _ (北京北京2003年中招試題年中招試題)A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invitedB2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into th

33、e river.A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重慶重慶2003年中招試題年中招試題)44考點聚焦考點聚焦1、主動語態(tài)為動詞原形作賓語補足語。、主動語態(tài)為動詞原形作賓語補足語。BThe workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.A. work B. to work2、主動語態(tài)的謂語為短語動詞。、主動語態(tài)的謂語為短語動詞。Their homework Ahalf an hour ago.A. was handed in B. was handed 45A3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北河北2003年中招試題年中招試題)A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have doneD4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (遼寧遼寧2003年中招試題年中招試題) A.not to make much noise B. to throw wast