1、Lesson 40復習語法單詞課文目 錄復習01單詞02hostessn.女主人unsmilingadj.不笑的，嚴肅的tightadj.緊身的fixv.凝視globen.地球despairn.絕望host1)n.待客的主人the host nation 東道國，主辦國China is the host nation of the 2008 Olympic Games.中國是2008奧運會的主辦國。2) n.在上作主人，招待The Parwells are such good hosts.巴維爾一家非常熱情好客。He acted as host to his fathers friends.他

2、作為主人招待他父親的朋友。3) n老板host 男主人 hostess 女主人hospitality n好客，殷勤待客hostile adj敵意的，不友好的hostility n敵意，敵對adj. 不笑的，嚴肅的反義詞 smiling 微笑的，喜氣洋洋的a smiling policeman 一個微笑的警察a smiling face 一個笑臉有些形容詞前面可以加上前綴un-來表示相反的意義：comfortable/uncomfortabletrue/untruehappy/unhappyunsmilingsmile1) n微笑，笑容，喜色force a smile 強顏歡笑wear a sm

3、ile 面帶笑容a bitter smile苦笑2) v微笑smile at sb 對微笑smile on . 對表示贊成或鼓勵She smiled at his threats. 她對他的威脅一笑置之。Fortune smiled on us. 我們交了好運。laugh笑，發(fā)笑（笑出聲）sneer 嗤笑，譏笑，輕蔑地笑grin咧著嘴笑，呲著牙笑ridicule 嘲弄，嘲笑=laugh attightadj. 1).緊的，緊張的You have been wearing those tight shoes for years. 你多年來一直都穿著那雙很緊的皮鞋。a tight schedule

4、 緊湊的日程安排a tight match 勢均力敵的比賽反義詞loose2).adj.小氣的，憋悶的He is tight with his money.他對錢是很吝嗇的。Her throat was tight with fear 她因恐怖而感到喉嚨堵塞。 tightenv. 使.緊反義詞 loosentighten ones belt節(jié)約，節(jié)衣縮食Ive lost my job so I have to tighten my belt to make ends meet.我失業(yè)了，所以得節(jié)衣縮食來保持收支平衡。tightadv. 緊緊地Hold me tight. 抱緊我。The new

5、 policeman held the gun very tight這個新來的警察緊緊地握著槍。fixa. 修理 =repairI must get the radio fixed.我必須請人把收音機修好。 b. 使固定 He fixed the picture on the wall.他把畫固定在墻上。 The chair was fixed next to the desk.椅子被固定在桌子旁邊。 fixfix sth on.把.安裝在.上fix ones eyes on/upon盯著.看fix ones attention on/upon全神貫注在.上c. 使集中；盯著看 fix one

6、s eyes/attention on/upon 使集中；盯著看；注意；注視It fixed its eyes on your bowl.它眼睛盯著碗看。 stare 睜大眼睛凝視（含有“驚奇”、“傲慢”或“茫然”的意思）glare 怒視，惡狠狠地盯著 glare at sb/sthglance瞥一眼， 看一下gaze 目不轉睛地看（含有“驚嘆”、“羨慕”或“入迷”的意思）look at 看fix其他用法Lets fix a time for the group meeting.咱們給小組會議定個時間吧。My watch has stopped. It needs fixing.我的表停了，需

7、要修修了。I am trying to fix the dinner for the guests.我在盡力給客人們做好晚飯。fix up 安排；解決；給安排住處We have to fix up a time to meet.我們必須安排一個時間見面。 Weve fixed up our little differences.我們已經解決了我們之間的小矛盾。 Ill fix you up for the night.今晚我會安排你住處的。 globe n球，球狀物；地球(earth);地球儀all over the globe 全世界global adj. 全球的, 環(huán)球的a global

8、tour 環(huán)球旅行globalize v. 使全球化globalization n. 全球化despairv. 使.失望，失望于.During the war, the soldiers despaired of coming back home.戰(zhàn)時，士兵們已經放棄了回家的希望。Havent you despaired of his attitude？難道你對他的態(tài)度不失望嗎？n失望He left his hometown in despair.他絕望的離開了故鄉(xiāng)。despairing adj. 絕望的despairingly adv.絕望地drive a person to despair

9、 /throw a person to despair使某人陷入絕望in despair=despairinglyLast week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.at a dinner party / a meeting / a wedding / a concert在一次宴會上/再一次會議上/在一個婚禮上/在演唱會next to挨著既可以表示座位挨著也可以表示地理位置上挨著Who was the man sitting next to you during the meeting?開會

10、時坐在你旁邊的那人是誰？Theres a shop next to our house.我們家房子邊上有一家商店。next to, beside, at, by, close to, near, next door, nearby, around等都可以表達“在附近”The man next to me was talking loudly.坐在我旁邊的那個男人在大聲喧嘩。They used to live next door to the prison.他們過去住在監(jiān)獄的隔壁。They are standing at the window.他們就站在窗前。They sang songs by

11、 the campfire.他們圍著篝火在唱歌。How near is the subway station to here？地鐵站離這里有多遠？Is there a shop nearby？附近有商店嗎？She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. look up查閱，好轉，仰視，看望You can look up this word in the vocabulary.你可以在詞匯表里查這個詞。When looking up suddenly, Henry saw a rainbow in the sky.亨利突然舉目仰視

12、時，發(fā)現天空有一道彩虹。Look me up next time.下次一定要來看我。She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. look up look for look afterlook around look forward tolook out look out oftake ones seat 在指定的位置上就座take a seat表示坐下，比sit要正式Please take a seat.請坐。take ones seat 表示位置事先已安排好After everyone had taken his seat

13、, the meeting/dinner party began.大家各自就座后，會議/宴會便開始了。She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.fix最常用的意思為“使固定”、“安裝”She fixed a handle on the door.她在門上安了個把手。fix on的含義之一為“使（目光、注意力等）集中于”、“盯著”He fixed his eyes on the

14、book, but he couldnt understand a word.他的眼睛盯著那本書，但他一個字兒也沒看懂。be busy（in）doing忙于做某事=be busy withsthHes busy striking a pose in front of reporters.他忙著在一堆記者前面擺姿勢呢。Sebastian is busy cooking the dinner.賽巴斯醬正忙著準備晚餐。They are busy (in) repairing the car.他們正忙著修車。Were all busy with the performance.我們都在忙著演出。I t

15、ried to make conversation.make conversation攀談 make & do make a) make可以用來表示 “創(chuàng)造”、 “制作” 和 “產生、生產” God made the world. 上帝創(chuàng)造了世界。 Bread is made from flour. 面包是由面粉制作的。 Dont make so much noise. 不要弄出那么大的聲音。 b) 用作使役動詞，表示 “使(cause)”多用于 make + 賓語 + 動詞原形”結構The sun makes the plants grow. 陽光使得植物生長。 c) 作出（某種舉動），和某

16、些名詞連用時，意義上等于相應的動詞 make an effort make a reply make a decision make progress make a promise make a poem make a plan make money make a speech make the bed make ones fortune make trouble make a mistake make a journey/trip make friends make up ones mind do a)與make一樣，do也可以用于一些固定說法，它的含義比make要更籠統(tǒng)一些do the r

17、oom do the dishes do ones hair do ones nails do ones teeth do ones best do ones duty do sb a favour do odd jobs do business do a paintingb) do(+ some/the)+ 動名詞 do the cleaning do shopping do the washing-up do some reading We did all our shopping yesterday.我們昨天把東西都買了。I do a lot of swimming.我常常游泳。I di

18、d some reading this afternoon.今天下午我讀了點書。詞義辨析conversation, dialogue, talk, chat這些名詞均含“交談”之意conversation：一般用詞，指兩個或更多人互相交換意見的交談。dialogue：指對話talk：普通用詞，可與 conversation換用，指正式交談。chat：指熟人之間非常隨便的交談，強調談話的親密和非正式性。 A new play is coming to The Globe soon, I said.Will you be seeing it The Globe環(huán)球劇場，倫敦著名的劇場之一 A ne

19、w play is coming.現在進行時表示接近的將來，即將會.Will you be seeing it? 用將來進行時來提問，尤其是提出問題但又不想迫使對方作出明確答復時，將來進行時可以顯得比一般將來時will更委婉客氣。 語法03OPTION 01OPTION 02真實條件句非真實條件句If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.條件句是指一種表示假設的主從復合句一般是由連詞if引導的條件狀語從句引出某種假設，再由主句表示基于這種假設下的反饋常譯為如果或假如那么.引導詞1. if conj . 如果，假如If you ask him，he wi

20、ll help you. 如果你請他幫忙，他會幫你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down. 如果你考試不及格，你會讓他失望的。 2. unless conj. 除非, 若不, 除非在的時候 （if .not.）You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早點動身,你就不能及時趕到那兒。 Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比賽將照常進行。引導詞3. so/as long as conj.

21、只要 You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持書的清潔，你就可以把我的書借去。如果主句用的是一般將來時，if 引導的條件狀語從句常用一般現在時I will visit my grandmother if I am free. 如果主句是祈使句，從句也常用一般現在時Lets go shopping if you are not busy. 如果主句含有情態(tài)動詞，從句一般也用一般現在時You must be careful if you go swimming in the river.時態(tài)語序if引導的條件狀語從句可以放

22、在主句前面，常用逗號隔開；也可以放在主句的后面。如果你不快點的話，就要遲到了。If you dont hurry, you will be late. = You will be late if you dont hurry.轉換“祈使句+and (or)+陳述句” 在意義上相當于一個含有條件狀語從句的復合句如果你不快點的話，就要遲到了。If you dont hurry up, youll be late.=Hurry up, or youll be late.“if+否定句”相當于“unless+肯定句”如果我沒叫你的話，你千萬別進來。Dont come in if I dont call

23、 you. = Dont come in unless I call you.練習1. If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going2. Ill wake you up when he _back.A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come3. What will father _ us from Japan? A. take B. bring C. carry D. make 4. Weifang is famous _ kite

24、s A. for B. to C. on D. with5. I _ her the answer if she _me. A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks6. -What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain7. -Do you know when he wil

25、l come back tomorrow? -Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home?A. go B. went C. going D. will go9. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat.A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too10. Ill give the b

26、ook to him if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. has12. Could you tell us where _？A. will the next Olympic Games held B. the next Olympic Games will be heldC. would th

27、e next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be heldYoung man, she answered, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner! if 如果條件狀語從句主將從現If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.從句 過去時主句 過去將來時非真實條件句（

28、虛擬條件句）條件句是指一種表示假設的主從復合句一般是由連詞if引導的條件狀語從句引出某種假設，再由主句表示基于這種假設下的反饋常譯為如果或假如那么.條件句分為真實條件句和非真實條件句真實條件句：陳述語氣，主將從現/主情從現非真實條件句：虛擬語氣條件句表示與現實情況相反的假設情況。主句和從句中的謂語動詞都需要使用虛擬語氣。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時，謂語動詞有三種形式。非真實條件句非真實條件句如果他現在在這里的話，我就問他這件事。If he were here now, we would ask him about it.如果他當時吃了藥的話，他會覺得好多了。If he had taken t

29、he medicine, he would have felt much better.如果我們的火車明天準時到了，我們應該花點時間去看看你姐姐。If our train were to arrive on time tomorrow, we should have time to visit your sister.與現在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反if引導的條件狀語從句可以是現實生活中己經出現的真實事件或有可能出現的事情，發(fā)生的可能性較大。虛擬語氣所引導的往往是非真實的，對于過去，現在或將來的虛擬或推斷，發(fā)生的可能性較小，或已經不可能發(fā)生了。如何區(qū)分？if引導的真實條件句與虛擬條件句的區(qū)別1. 時態(tài)A. 由if引導的條件狀語從句通常都是主句為一般將來