住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Herinterestingrowingflowerskepther（

）forthewholeweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.occupational

B.occupant

C.preoccupied

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occupational“職業(yè)的”；B選項(xiàng)occupant“居住者”；C選項(xiàng)preoccupied“全神貫注的”；D選項(xiàng)occupied“忙碌的；已占用的”。由題干“對(duì)種花很感興趣”才會(huì)使得她忙碌整個(gè)星期，occupied“忙碌的；已占用的”符合題意。句意為：她對(duì)種花很有興趣，這使她整整忙碌了一個(gè)星期。故正確答案選D。

2.單選題

Hewasdeterminedtosailaroundtheworld（

）hisillnessandoldage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.given

B.although

C.despite

D.inspite

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)given“考慮到”；B選項(xiàng)although“盡管、雖然”；C選項(xiàng)despite“即使、盡管”；D選項(xiàng)inspite要和of組成固定短語(yǔ)“雖然、盡管”，根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞“hisillnessandoldage”和題干的句意，且已知despite后可跟名詞短語(yǔ)或名詞性短語(yǔ)，我們可以判斷C選項(xiàng)用法正確且符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Clarkfeltthathis（

）ononeofthemostdramaticmedicalexperimentsofalltimewasworththesufferingheunderwent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.apprehension

B.appreciation

C.presentation

D.participation

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)apprehension“理解；拘捕；憂慮”；B選項(xiàng)appreciation“評(píng)價(jià)，鑒賞”；C選項(xiàng)presentation“贈(zèng)送，授予；提供，顯示；外觀”；D選項(xiàng)participation“參加，參與”。四個(gè)單詞形狀相似?？崭癫糠质琴e語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)，on引導(dǎo)介詞短語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“beworth是值得的”，可知空格部分單詞意思是“參加”，句意為：克拉克認(rèn)為他能參加一直以來(lái)最受人矚目的醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，吃點(diǎn)苦也值得。選項(xiàng)D符合句子意思，為最佳答案。

4.單選題

HecameallthewaytoChinaforpromotingfriendship（

）formakingmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.otherthan

B.betterthan

C.morethan

D.ratherthan

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項(xiàng)otherthan“除了，不同于”；B選項(xiàng)betterthan“比……更好”；C選項(xiàng)morethan“比……多”；D選項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是，寧可”。空格部分要填入一個(gè)短語(yǔ)連接前后短語(yǔ)形成對(duì)比，前面的意思是“forpromotingfriendship為了增進(jìn)友誼”和后面“formakingmoney為了賺錢(qián)”表示不同的目的，句意為：他一路跋涉來(lái)到中國(guó)是為了友誼而不是賺錢(qián)。故這里選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Little（

）howhappyIhadbeen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shehadrealized

B.didsherealize

C.sherealized

D.hassherealized

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)否定詞little位于句首時(shí)后面的句子要進(jìn)行主謂倒裝，且由句中關(guān)鍵詞“hadbeen（過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)）”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故B項(xiàng)“didherealize”正確。

6.單選題

Finally,Emily（

）divorce,sayingthatherhusbandabusedherphysicallyandpsychologically.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.filledinfor

B.filedfor

C.suedfor

D.appliedfor

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)fillinfor“代替，占據(jù)別人位置”；B選項(xiàng)filefor“申請(qǐng)”，主要用于申請(qǐng)事業(yè)單位工作；C選項(xiàng)suefor“控告”，表示就某事提出訴訟；D選項(xiàng)applyfor“申請(qǐng)，提出申請(qǐng)”。由關(guān)鍵詞“divorce離婚”，可知空格部分意思可能為“提出控告，控訴”，句意為：最后艾米麗提出離婚訴訟，稱(chēng)她的丈夫?qū)λ谏眢w上和心理上實(shí)施家庭暴力。選項(xiàng)C與其意思接近。

7.單選題

JohnsoninvitedhisoldsisterSuetoLosAngeles,butherphysicalreport（

）,shedeclinedtheinvitation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didnotcomeout

B.hasnotcomeout

C.doesnotcomeout

D.havingnotcomeout

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。句中herphysicalreport不是句子結(jié)構(gòu)，只有havingnotcomeout做伴隨狀語(yǔ)符合題意，句意為：約翰遜邀請(qǐng)他的姐姐蘇去洛杉磯，但她的身體報(bào)告還沒(méi)出來(lái)，她拒絕了邀請(qǐng)。故答案選D。其他三項(xiàng)都是句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

8.單選題

WhenexecutivesatGooglewentlookingforWallStreetinvestmentbankerstounderwritethecompany’smassiveinitialpublicoffering,theylaiddownstricttermsofengagement:bringusnewideasonhowtosellthedealtoinvestorsandsavetheusualpoliticalgamesmanship.Butwithsuchahugepaydayatstake—anestimated$100millioninfeesforhandlingtheoffering—wouldyouexpectallthebigfirmstoplaybytheGooglerules?Ofcoursenot,justaskGoldmanSachs.

TowinachunkoftheGooglebusiness,Goldman,thenation’spremierinvestmentbank,setfreeitsCEO:HankPaulson,topullsomestrings.PaulsonisoneofWallStreet’sbest“callmen”,whocanwaveaPalmPDAfullofconnectionswhenit’scrunchtimetobringhomeadeal.ButNewsweekhaslearnedthatPaulsontriedtosidestepGoogle’sordersbyreachingouttooneofGoogle’slargestinvestors,KleinerPerkins,thepowerfulventure-capitalfirmthatwasanearlyGooglebacker.ThemovehelpeddoomGoldman’seffortstowintheleadunderwritingspot,whichwentinsteadtoCreditSuisseFirstBostonandMorganStanley.

PaulsonthoughthisbestshotwasJohnDoerr,oneofKleiner’stoppartners.Badmove,whenwordofPaulson’smisstepgotbacktoGoogle’stopexecutives,Goldmanwasquicklybumpedfromthetopoftheshortlist.“ThepeopleatGoogleweresuchenthusiastsabouttherules,”saidoneexecutivewhoworksatarivalWallStreetfirm.“Whentheyheardaboutthis,theywentape.”Noneofthepartiesinvolved—Google,GoldmanSachsorDoerr—wouldcomment.

Thetwowinners,CSFBandMorganStanley,managedtokeepalowprofile.JohnMack,CSFB’sfamouslywell-connectedchiefexecutive,purposelystayedoutofthebiddingprocessforfearthathemighttipthescalestoanotherplayer,peoplewithknowledgeofthemattersay.Meanwhile,newrulesforWallStreetresearchanalystsappeartohavepreventedMaryMeeker,MorganStanley’stopInternetanalyst,fromplayingadirectrole,eventhoughsheandDoerrhavedonebusinesstogetherforyears.

Goldman,meanwhile,can’tblameitslossjustonPaulson.PeopleclosetothedealsaybankersforthefirmbraggedtoGoogleabouttheGoldmanname,anddidn’tgenerateenoughideasabouthowtosellsharestoinvestorsthroughanauction.“TheirlackofmarketingwitmayhavehurtthemmorethanPaulson,”saidtheexecutivefromarivalfirm.Sometimes,itreallydoespaytoplaybytherules.

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

2.HankPaulson’snameismentionedtoshowthat（

）.

3.Thespeakerinthethirdparagraphthinksthat（

）.

4.JohnMackandMaryMeekersharedsimilaritiesinthattheyboth（

）.

5.GoldmanmightlearnalessonfromGoogle’sdealthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.GooglefollowedtherulesofWallStreet.

B.GoldmanSachsdisobeyedGoogle’srules.

C.GoldmanSachsfollowedGoogle’srules.

D.BigfirmsinWallStreetareafraidofGoogle.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.heisafamousbankerinWallStreet

B.hefailedbyfollowingGoogle’srules

C.helostGoogle’sdealbyusinggamesmanship

D.helostGoogle’sdealtohisrivals

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.JohnDoerrwasthebestshotforPaulson

B.GoldmanwaswronginGoogle’sdeal

C.GooglemadeafussaboutPaulson’sact

D.Googlefollowedtherulesperfectly

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.behavedwithdeliberaterestraintormodesty

B.purposelystayedoutofthebiddingprocess

C.workedtogetherwithDoerrforyears

D.tippedthescaletotheirrivals

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyshouldnotunleashitsCEOtopullsomestrings

B.theyshouldalwaysplaybytherules

C.Paulsonisnottherightpersontoleadthehank

D.it’svitaltohavegoodperceptioninmarketing

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。定位到文章第一段“Butwithsuchahugepaydayatstake—anestimated$100millioninfeesforhandlingtheoffering—wouldyouexpectallthebigfirmstoplaybytheGooglerules?Ofcoursenot,justaskGoldmanSachs.但是，考慮到如此巨額的發(fā)薪日——估計(jì)有1億美元用于處理股票發(fā)行的費(fèi)用——你還指望所有的大公司都遵守谷歌規(guī)則嗎？當(dāng)然不是，問(wèn)問(wèn)高盛公司就知道了?！庇纱丝傻玫紹選項(xiàng)“高盛公司不服從谷歌的規(guī)定”符合題意。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“ButNewsweekhaslearnedthatPaulsontriedtosidestepGoogle’sordersbyreachingouttooneofGoogle’slargestinvestors,KleinerPerkins,thepowerfulventure-capitalfirmthatwasanearlyGooglebacker.ThemovehelpeddoomGoldman’seffortstowintheleadunderwritingspot,whichwentinsteadtoCreditSuisseFirstBostonandMorganStanley.但《新聞周刊》獲悉，保爾森試圖繞過(guò)谷歌的指令，與谷歌最大的投資者之一、實(shí)力強(qiáng)大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司凱鵬華盈接洽。這家公司是谷歌的早期支持者。這一舉動(dòng)使高盛贏得主承銷(xiāo)席位的努力陷入了失敗，最終被瑞士信貸第一波士頓（CSFB）和摩根士丹利（MorganStanley）取代?！庇纱丝芍柹m然用了些手段，但是沒(méi)有贏得谷歌的生意，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“‘ThepeopleatGoogleweresuchenthusiastsabouttherules’,saidoneexecutivewhoworksatarivalWallStreetfirm.‘谷歌的人對(duì)這些規(guī)則是如此狂熱’，在其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手華爾街公司工作的一名高管表示?！庇纱丝芍雀韫臼欠浅Ｖ匾暽虡I(yè)投標(biāo)的規(guī)則，并且十分遵守規(guī)則的。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段“Thetwowinners,CSFBandMorganStanley,managedtokeepalowprofile.瑞士信貸第一波士頓（CSFB）和摩根士丹利（MorganStanley）這兩家贏家設(shè)法保持了低調(diào)。”和“purposelystayedoutofthebiddingprocessfor…甚至是故意和招標(biāo)過(guò)程保持距離?！庇纱丝芍狝選項(xiàng)“有意克制或謙虛的行為舉止”是兩個(gè)人的共同之處，因此選A。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“‘TheirlackofmarketingwitmayhavehurtthemmorethanPaulson,’saidtheexecutivefromarivalfirm.他們?nèi)狈I(yíng)銷(xiāo)智慧對(duì)他們的傷害可能比保爾森更大。”由此可知擁有營(yíng)銷(xiāo)洞察力在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中是十分重要的因素，因此D選項(xiàng)“goodperceptioninmarketing良好的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)感知能力”符合題意，因此選D。

9.翻譯題

目前，中國(guó)仍是跨國(guó)公司投資的首選目的地，特別是在服務(wù)業(yè)和外包行業(yè)。2013年，全球外國(guó)直接投資下降近40%，但對(duì)華投資僅下降3%。作為對(duì)西方擔(dān)憂的回應(yīng)，中國(guó)不斷加大保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)力度，制定了系列比較完整、在世界上也比較先進(jìn)的保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法律體系和行政執(zhí)法、刑事執(zhí)法雙軌的執(zhí)法機(jī)制。在危機(jī)中遭遇巨大沖擊的跨國(guó)公司，在中國(guó)找到了新的發(fā)展空間和增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。2009年，通用汽車(chē)在美國(guó)申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)，但該公司在華銷(xiāo)售卻增長(zhǎng)了67%。

(參考詞匯：multinationalcompanies;outsourcing;intellectualproperty;double-track)

【答案】

Recently,Chinaremainsatopdestinationforinvestmentbymultinationalcompanies,particularlyinserviceandoutsourcing.In2013,globalFDIdroppedbynearly40%,butinvestmentintoChinafellbyonly3%.ReactingtoworriesintheWest,Chinahasalsostrengthenedintellectualpropertyprotectionwithnewlawsanda“double-track”systemofadministrativeandcriminalenforcement.Crisis-hitmultinationalshavefoundnewsourcesofprofitgrowthinChina.In2009,GeneralMotorsfiledforbankruptcyintheUS,butitssalesinChinagrewby67%.

10.單選題

Theofficialclaimedthatthegovernmenthadonlychangedthelawinorderto（

）America.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.applaud

B.apprehend

C.appeal

D.appease

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)applaud“贊同，稱(chēng)贊”；B選項(xiàng)apprehend“理解”；C選項(xiàng)appeal“將……上訴”；D選項(xiàng)appease“安撫，對(duì)……做出讓步”。由“thegovernmenthadonlychangedthelaw政府改變法律”，后面是inorderto表示目的的介詞短語(yǔ)，可知空格部分意思為“安撫，平息”，句意為：有官員稱(chēng)政府改變法律僅僅是為了對(duì)美國(guó)做出讓步。選項(xiàng)D與之意思接近。

11.單選題

Anenergytaxwouldcurbordinaryairpollution,limitoilimportsandcutthebudget（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposition

B.defect

C.discrepancy

D.deficit

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disposition“處置，性情”；B選項(xiàng)defect“缺點(diǎn)，劣勢(shì)”；C選項(xiàng)discrepancy“不符，矛盾”；D選項(xiàng)deficit“赤字”。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞“cut削減，砍掉”和“budget預(yù)算”，可知空格部分單詞意思為“赤字，不足額”，句意為：能源稅能抑制普通的空氣污染，限制石油進(jìn)口和削減預(yù)算赤字。故正確答案選D。

12.翻譯題

NoEnglishmanbelievesinworkingfrombooklearning.Hesuspectsalltheories,philosophicalorother.Hesuspectseverythingnew,anddislikesit,unlesshecanbecompelledbytheforceofcircumstancestoseethatthisnewthinghasadvantagesovertheold.Race-experienceiswhatheinvariablydependsupon,wheneverhecan,whetherinIndia,inEgypt,orinAustralia.Hisstatesmendonotconsulthistoricalprecedentsinordertodecidewhattodo:theyfirstlearnthefactsastheyare;thentheydependupontheirowncommonsense,notatallupontheiruniversitylearningoruponphilosophicaltheories.AndinthecaseoftheEnglishnation,itmustbeacknowledgedthatthisinstinctivemethodhasbeeneminentlysuccessful.

【答案】

沒(méi)有一個(gè)英國(guó)人相信從書(shū)本能學(xué)會(huì)工作。他們懷疑一切理論，不管是哲學(xué)理論還是其他的。他們是對(duì)一切新鮮事物持懷疑態(tài)度，并深?lèi)和唇^，除非迫于形勢(shì)，他們才認(rèn)識(shí)到新的事物確比舊的事物更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。不管是身在印度、埃及或澳大利亞，只要可能，他們總是依靠他們自己的種族經(jīng)驗(yàn)。為了做出決策，英國(guó)的政治家們并不參閱歷史的先例，而是首先如實(shí)的弄清楚事實(shí)的真相；然后依靠自己的常識(shí)，而不是他們的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)或哲學(xué)理論。就英國(guó)民族而論，必須承認(rèn)這種本能的處事方法一向是成功的。

13.單選題

AlanPattonfoundthatinsuchaquick-fixedsociety,somepeopleevendon’tbothertoreadamasterpiece（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedetail

B.inthedetails

C.indetail

D.indetails

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。C選項(xiàng)indetail“詳細(xì)地”，介詞短語(yǔ)能做狀語(yǔ)；D選項(xiàng)indetails“逐個(gè)地”，一般和動(dòng)詞搭配使用，表示一部分一部分地處理。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“bothertoreadamasterpiece辛苦地去讀著作”，可知空格部分indetail符合題意，句意為：阿蘭?帕頓發(fā)現(xiàn)在這樣一個(gè)快節(jié)奏的社會(huì)，一些人甚至懶得詳細(xì)地去讀某部著作。故正確答案選C。

14.單選題

Manyimmigrantswerepreparedtoworkhardinappallingconditionsforthe（

）oftheirdescendants.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.benefit

B.health

C.property

D.entertainment

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)benefit“利益、好處”；B選項(xiàng)health“健康、健康狀況”；C選項(xiàng)property“屬性、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)”；D選項(xiàng)entertainment“娛樂(lè)、消遣”，根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞“descendants后輩、晚輩”可聯(lián)想到留給后輩的東西，benefit“利益、好處”符合語(yǔ)境，句意為：許多移民愿意在惡劣的條件下辛勤工作，只為自己的后代謀得利益。故正確答案選A。

15.單選題

（

）ishisowndecision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whenleaving

B.Whendoesheleave

C.Whenheleaves

D.Heleaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。由空格后“ishisowndecision”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里缺少主語(yǔ)，故能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的C項(xiàng)“Whenheleaves”正確。A項(xiàng)“Whenleaving”屬于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；B項(xiàng)“Whendoesheleave”屬于疑問(wèn)句，不能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)“Heleaves”中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eaves”與空格后系動(dòng)詞“is”重復(fù)，在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上不正確。選項(xiàng)C正確。

16.單選題

Studentsshouldknowbetterthan（

）petslikedogs,catsandmouseatdormitory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tofeed

B.feeding

C.tohavefed

D.fed

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。than后一般是接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)形式的詞，故四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有B符合語(yǔ)境。句意為：學(xué)生應(yīng)該知道最好不要在宿舍里養(yǎng)狗、貓和老鼠之類(lèi)的寵物。

17.單選題

Thetenantmustbepreparedtodecoratethehouse（

）thetermsofthecontract.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthevicinityof

B.inquestof

C.inaccordancewith

D.incollaborationwith

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inthevicinityof“在……附近”；B選項(xiàng)inquestof“探尋、尋求”；C選項(xiàng)inaccordancewith“根據(jù)、按照”；D選項(xiàng)incollaborationwith“與……合作”，由題干“合同條款”可知inaccordancewith“根據(jù)、按照”符合題意，句意為：根據(jù)合約，房客必須準(zhǔn)備裝飾房子。選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

18.單選題

Itisthefirsttimethathe（

）theschoolregulation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isgoingtoviolate

B.hasviolated

C.violates

D.violated

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。本題考查的是同位語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。Itisthefirsttimethat...這個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，使用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)于過(guò)去經(jīng)歷的總結(jié)，句意為：這是他第一次違反學(xué)校規(guī)則。故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.單選題

Dieting,accordingtoanoldjoke,maynotactuallymakeyoulivelonger,butitsurefeelsthatway.Nevertheless,evidencehasbeenaccumulatingsincethe1930sthatcalorierestriction—reducingananimal’senergyintakebelowitsenergyexpenditure—extendslifespananddelaysthestartofage—relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.Suchresultshaveinspiredthousandsofpeopletoputupwithconstanthungerinthehopeoflivinglonger,healthierlives.Theyhavealsoledtoasearchfordrugsthatmimictheeffectsofcalorierestrictionwithoutthepainofgoingonanactualdiet.

Amidthetrend,itiseasytoforgetthatnoonehasuntilnowshownthatcalorierestrictionworksinhumans.Thatomission,however,changedthismonth,withthepublicationoftheinitialresultsofthefirstsystematicinvestigationintothematter.Thisstudytook48menandwomenandassignedthemrandomlytoeitheracontrolgrouporacalorie—restrictionregime.Thoseinthesecondgroupwererequiredtocuttheircalorieintakeforsixmonthsto75%ofthatneededtomaintaintheirweight.

Thestudyisalandmarkinthehistoryofthefield,becauseitssubjectswereeitherofnormalweightoronlyslightlyoverweight.Previousprojectshaveusedindividualswhowereclinicallyfat,thusconfusingtheunquestionablebenefitstohealthofreducingfatnesswiththepossibleadvantagesofcalorierestrictiontotheotherwisehealthy.

Atamolecularlevel,itsuggeststheseadvantagesarereal.Thoseonrestricteddietsshoweddropsinbodytemperatureandblood—insulinlevels—bothphenomenathathavebeenseeninlong—lived,calorie—restrictedanimals.TheyalsosufferedlessdamagetotheirDNA.

EricRavussin,ofLouisianaStateUniversity,saysthatsuchresultsprovidesupportforthetheorythatcalorierestrictionproducesametabolicadaptationoverandabovethatwhichwouldbeexpectedfromweightlossalone.Nevertheless,suchmetabolicadaptationcouldbethereasonwhycalorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongerlifespaninotheranimals—andthatiscertainlythehopeofthosewho,forthepast15years,havebeensearchingforwaysoftriggeringthatmetabolicadaptationbymeansotherthansemi-starvation.

Thesearchforadrugthatwilldelayoldageisitselfasoldasthehills—asisthewishfulthinkingofthesuckerswhofinancesuchefforts.Thosewhohopetofinditbymimickingtheeffectofcalorierestrictionarenot,however,completesnake-oilsalesmen,forthereisknowntobeafamilyofenzymes,whichactbothassensorsofnutrientavailabilityandasregulatorsofmetabolicrate.Thesemightprovidethenecessarybiochemicallinkbetweenstarvingandlivinglonger.

1.Welearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（

）.

2.Theword“l(fā)andmark”(Line1,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

3.Theresultsofpreviousresearchontheeffectsofcalorierestrictionareunconvincingbecause（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatpeople（

）.

5.Peoplemighttakeenzymesasasubstituteforcalorierestrictioninthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearecrazyaboutdietinginordertolosesomeweight

B.experimentalresultsshowthatdietingcanprolonganimals’life

C.inthestudy,twogroupsofpeoplewereaskedtogoonadiet

D.fewresultshavebeenworkedoutontheeffectsofcalorierestriction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aneventofmuchprofit

B.aneventofgreatexcitement

C.aneventofgreatsignificance

D.aneventofuniquefeatures

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thesubjectsoftheresearchwereeitherofoverweightorslightlyunderweight

B.calorie-restrictedanimalsshoweddifferentphysicalsignsintheresearch

C.thedecreaseinbodytemperaturemayresultfromchangesofoutsidetemperature

D.peoplecannottellthebenefitsoflosingweightfromthoseofcalorierestriction

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenengagedinthestudyofthereplacementofcalorierestriction

B.havebeenlookingfordrugsthatcanprolonghumans’lifeforages

C.canexpectachangeintheirmetabolicratewhengoingonadiet

D.maybenefitfrommetabolicadaptationinthatitmayprotecttheirDNA

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyestablishachemicallinkbetweenstarvingandlivinglong

B.theycanprovidepeoplewithenoughnutrition

C.theyworkinasimilarwaythatcalorierestrictiondoes

D.theyarefavoredbypeoplewhofinancethedrugresearch

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Nevertheless,evidencehasbeenaccumulatingsincethe1930sthatcalorierestriction—reducingananimal’senergyintakebelowitsenergyexpenditure—extendslifespananddelaysthestartofage—relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.盡管如此，自20世紀(jì)30年代以來(lái)，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，在老鼠、狗、魚(yú)和猴子身上實(shí)行卡路里限制——將動(dòng)物的能量攝入降低到低于其能量消耗——可以延長(zhǎng)壽命，并延緩衰老相關(guān)疾病的發(fā)生?！笨芍跋嚓P(guān)的研究表明節(jié)食可以延長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物的壽命。所以選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。定位到文章第三段“Thestudyisalandmarkinthehistoryofthefield,becauseitssubjectswereeitherofnormalweightoronlyslightlyoverweight.這項(xiàng)研究是該領(lǐng)域歷史上的里程碑，因?yàn)樗难芯繉?duì)象要么體重正常，要么只是稍微超重?！眑andmark在這里是有“里程碑的事件”的意思，和C選項(xiàng)“具有重大意義的事件”意義相近。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“Previousprojectshaveusedindividualswhowereclinicallyfat,thusconfusingtheunquestionablebenefitstohealthofreducingfatnesswiththepossibleadvantagesofcalorierestrictiontotheotherwisehealthy.由于以往的研究對(duì)象都是臨床肥胖研究者，因此人們會(huì)把減肥對(duì)健康毋庸置疑的好處與限制卡路里攝入量對(duì)健康人群可能帶來(lái)的好處混淆在一起?！庇蛇@句話我們可以得知人們常常會(huì)把減肥的好處和限制卡路里的攝入混在一起，區(qū)分不清。這樣也就造成了之前的研究不是很確定。故正確答案選D。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第五段“Nevertheless,suchmetabolicadaptationcouldbethereasonwhycalorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongerlifespaninotheranimals—andthatiscertainlythehopeofthosewho,forthepast15years,havebeensearchingforwaysoftriggeringthatmetabolicadaptationbymeansotherthansemi-starvation.然而，這種代謝適應(yīng)可能就是為什么限制熱量攝入與延長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物壽命有關(guān)的原因——這當(dāng)然也是在過(guò)去15年里一直在尋找除半饑餓之外觸發(fā)這種代謝適應(yīng)方法的人的希望?！苯Y(jié)合上下文推斷，這里主要是節(jié)食過(guò)程中，動(dòng)物身上的新陳代謝發(fā)生變化。和選項(xiàng)C的意思基本相符。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章最后一段“Thosewhohopetofinditbymimickingtheeffectofcalorierestrictionarenot,however,completesnake-oilsalesmen,forthereisknowntobeafamilyofenzymes,whichactbothassensorsofnutrientavailabilityandasregulatorsofmetabolicrate.那些希望通過(guò)模擬限制卡路里的作用來(lái)研制藥物的人，他們并非完全只是些江湖郎中，因?yàn)橐阎幸唤M酶，它們既是營(yíng)養(yǎng)可用性的傳感器，又是代謝率的調(diào)節(jié)者?！庇纱丝芍@里由于酶能夠抑制熱量的產(chǎn)生，它可能會(huì)作為一種替代熱量限制的作用的藥物來(lái)研發(fā)出來(lái)，作為延長(zhǎng)人類(lèi)壽命的藥。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

20.單選題

Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis（

）stated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extravagantly

B.empirically

C.explicitly

D.exceptionally

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)extravagantly“揮霍無(wú)度地”；B選項(xiàng)empirically“以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地”；C選項(xiàng)explicitly“明確地，明白地”；D選項(xiàng)exceptionally“例外地，特殊地”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)aw法律”和“stated被表明，被解釋”，可知“明確地”符合題意，句意為：有關(guān)醉酒駕駛的法律規(guī)定得很清楚。故正確答案選C。

21.單選題

Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydisputes（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。這里空格所在的句子bothsides是主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞regards，賓語(yǔ)theterritorydisputes，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，后面的空格部分應(yīng)該屬于后置定語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，regardsthassth有“認(rèn)為怎么樣”之意。這里settled過(guò)去分詞作形容詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，也就是“settleddisputes解決了的爭(zhēng)端”，句意為：經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)輪談判后，雙方都認(rèn)為這個(gè)領(lǐng)土紛爭(zhēng)問(wèn)題得到解決了。答案選D。

22.翻譯題

2010年頭5個(gè)月，通用汽車(chē)公司在華銷(xiāo)量超過(guò)100萬(wàn)輛，提前完成了當(dāng)年200萬(wàn)輛目標(biāo)的一半。西門(mén)子計(jì)劃未來(lái)三年在華投資10億歐元（合12.9億美元），而2011年之前，大眾已在華追加16億歐元的投資。截至2013年5月底，在華注冊(cè)外資企業(yè)數(shù)量累計(jì)近69萬(wàn)家，實(shí)際利用外資總額超過(guò)了1萬(wàn)億美元?！妒澜缡瞧降摹芬粫?shū)的作者托馬斯?弗里德曼，以及曾在美國(guó)總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓時(shí)期擔(dān)任商務(wù)部副部長(zhǎng)的羅伯特?夏皮羅等眾多專(zhuān)家均高度肯定中國(guó)的對(duì)外開(kāi)放。

(參考詞匯：aheadofschedule;Siemens;Volkswagen;actually-utilizedforeigninvestment;deputysecretary)

【答案】

Inthefirstfivemonthsof2010,GeneralMotorssoldmorethanlmillionvehiclesinChina,meetinghalfofits2010targetof2millionaheadofschedule.Siemenswillinvest€1billion($1.29billion)inthenextthreeyears,withVolkswagenadding€1.6billionby2011.BytheendofMay2013,therehadbeen690,000registeredforeigncompaniesinChina,investingmorethan$ltrillion.WriterssuchasThomasFriedman,authorofTheWorldIsFlat,andRobertShapiro,formerUSundersecretaryofcommerceunderPresidentBillClinton,havespokenhighlyofoureffortstoopenup.

23.單選題

Languageelementsaretoaliteraturework（

）constructionmaterialstoabuilding.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)合句意可知are后面缺個(gè)名詞做表語(yǔ)，只有what可以，句意為：語(yǔ)言對(duì)于文學(xué)作品而言就如建筑材料對(duì)于建筑物一樣。故答案選C。

24.單選題

ForseveraldaysIsawlittleofMr.Rochester.Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim.Whenhisfootwaswellenough,herodeoutagreatdeal.

Duringthistime,allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse,whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile.Hischangesofmannerdidnotoffendme,becauseIsawthatIhadnothingtodowiththecauseofthem.

Oneevening,severaldayslater,IwasinvitedtotalktoMr.Rochesterafterdinner.Hewassittinginhisarmchair,andlookednotquitesosevere,andmuchlessgloomy.Therewasasmileonhislips,andhiseyeswerebright,probablywithwine.AsIwaslookingathim,hesuddenlyturned,andaskedme,“DoyouthinkI'mhandsome,MissEyre?”

TheanswersomehowslippedfrommytonguebeforeIrealizedit:“No,sir.”

“Ah,youreallyareunusual!Youareaquietseriouslittleperson,butyoucanbealmostrude.”

“Sir,I’msorry.Ishouldhavesaidthatbeautydoesn’tmatter,orsomethinglikethat.”

“No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!Youhavehonestyandfeeling.Therearenotmanygirlslikeyou.ButperhapsIgotoofast.Perhapsyouhaveawfulfaultstocounterbalanceyourfewgoodpoints.”

Ithoughttomyselfthathemighthavetoo.Heseemedtoreadmymind,andsaidquickly,“Yes,you’reright.Ihaveplentyoffaults.IwentthewrongwaywhenIwastwenty-one,andhaveneverfoundtherightpathagain.Imighthavebeenverydifferent.Imighthavebeenasgoodasyou,andperhapswiser.Iamnotabadman,takemywordforit,butIhavedonewrong.Itwasn’tmycharacter,butcircumstanceswhichweretoblame.WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou’rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou’resympatheticandgivethemhope.”

Itseemedhehadquitealottotalktome.Hedidn’tseemtoliketofinishthetalkquickly,aswasthecaseforthefirsttime.

“Don’tbeafraidofme,MissEyre,”hecontinued.“Youdon’trelaxorlaughverymuch,perhapsbecauseoftheeffectLowoodSchoolhashadonyou.Butintimeyouwillbemorenaturalwithme,andlaugh,andspeakfreely.You’relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you’llflyveryhigh.Goodnight.”

1.Atthebeginning,MissEyre’simpressionsofMr.RochesterwereallEXCEPT（

）.

2.In“allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse...”(the2ndparagraph),theword“about”means（

）.

3.WhydidMr.Rochestersay“...andthenyoustabmeintheback!”(the7thparagraph)?

4.FromwhatMr.RochestertoldMissEyre,wecanconcludethathewantedto（

）.

5.Attheendofthepassage,Mr.Rochestersounded（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cold

B.sociable

C.warmhearted

D.changeable

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.“around”

B.“on”

C.“outside”

D.“concerning”

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.BecauseJanehadintendedtocomforthim.

B.BecauseJanehadregrettedhavingtalkedtohim.

C.BecauseJanehadaddedsomethingelsethathurthim.

D.BecauseJanehadintendedtokillhimwithaknife.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tellherallhistroubles.

B.changeheropinionofhim.

C.tellherhislifeexperience.

D.changehiscircumstances.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.indifferent

C.friendly

D.encouraging

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstaytodinewithhim.早上的時(shí)候，他似乎忙得團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)，在下午的時(shí)候，鄰居們來(lái)拜訪他，有時(shí)還留下來(lái)和他一起吃飯。”第二段第一句“...whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile.有時(shí)候他會(huì)冷冷地從我身邊經(jīng)過(guò)，有時(shí)候會(huì)有禮貌地向我微笑和鞠躬?！庇纱丝梢酝茢喑隽_切斯特先生有時(shí)候很冷漠，而且善變。故排除選項(xiàng)A、B和選項(xiàng)D。答案選C符合題意。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)句意“在此期間，我對(duì)他的認(rèn)知僅限于在房子周?chē)紶柕恼彰?，羅切斯特先生有時(shí)候冷冷地從我身邊經(jīng)過(guò)，有時(shí)候會(huì)有禮貌地向我微笑和鞠躬”。可知“occasionalmeeting偶爾的照面”的修飾詞是about引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)，表示地點(diǎn)范圍。根據(jù)文章后面幾段對(duì)于兩位主角見(jiàn)面的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)，可以推斷出“aboutthehouse”是“在房子周?chē)?。故正確答案選A。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第六段中簡(jiǎn)說(shuō)“先生，對(duì)不起。我應(yīng)該說(shuō)美貌并不重要，或者類(lèi)似的話”。接著第七段第一句話羅切斯特先生的回答：“No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!Youhavehonestyandfeeling…不，你不會(huì)。我認(rèn)為你在批評(píng)我的外表，你背后給我捅小刀子。你很誠(chéng)實(shí)有感情?！彼?，需要我們理解的部分是羅切斯特先生聽(tīng)到簡(jiǎn)解釋性的回答后，認(rèn)為是對(duì)他的安慰，因此說(shuō)出“你在背后給我捅刀子”之類(lèi)的話。這一表達(dá)是一種暗喻性的說(shuō)法，D和B說(shuō)法過(guò)于絕對(duì)。選項(xiàng)C文章并沒(méi)有提到。故A符合文章意思。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第八段“IwentthewrongwaywhenIwastwenty-one,andhaveneverfoundtherightpathagain.在我21歲時(shí)我走錯(cuò)了路，就再也沒(méi)有回到正道?！焙汀癐twasn’tmycharacter,butcircumstanceswhichweretoblame.這不是我的性格，是環(huán)境使然?！边@些是羅切斯特先生對(duì)簡(jiǎn)說(shuō)的話，講述他的人生經(jīng)歷，解釋這是環(huán)境所致，目的是為了改變簡(jiǎn)對(duì)他的看法。故正確答案選B。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章末段“You’relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you’llflyveryhigh.你就像籠子里的鳥(niǎo)兒。當(dāng)你飛出籠子，你將飛得更高”。由此可知，羅切斯特先生說(shuō)的話是對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)的一種鼓勵(lì)。故正確答案選D。

25.單選題

Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoints―periods,countries,dramaticevents,andgreatleaders.Italsohashadclearandfirmnotionsofscholarlyprocedure:howoneinquiresintoahistoricalproblem,howonepresentsanddocumentsone’sfindings,whatconstitutesadmissibleandadequateproof.

Anyonewhohasfollowedrecenthistoricalliteraturecantestifytotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinhistoricalstudies.Thecurrentlyfashionablesubjectscomedirectlyfromthesociologycatalog:childhood,work,leisure.Thenewsubjectsareaccompaniedbynewmethods.Wherehistoryoncewasprimarilynarrative,itisnowentirelyanalytic.Theoldquestions“Whathappened?”and“Howdidithappen?”havegivenwaytothequestion“Whydidithappen?”P(pán)rominentamongthemethodsusedtoanswerthequestion“Why”ispsychoanalysis,anditsusehasgivenrisetopsychohistory.

Psychohistorydoesnotmerelyusepsychologicalexplanationsinhistoricalcontexts.Historianshavealwaysusedsuchexplanationswhentheywereappropriateandwhentherewassufficientevidenceforthem.Butthispragmaticuseofpsychologyisnotwhatpsychohistoriansintend.Theyarecommitted,notjusttopsychologyingeneral,buttoFreudianpsychoanalysis.Thiscommitmentprecludesacommitmenttohistoryashistorianshavealwaysunderstoodit.Psychohistoryderivesits“facts”notfromhistory,thedetail