書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州科技職業(yè)技術(shù)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

ThomasPainewascommittedtospeakingthetruthbluntly______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asheunderstoodit

B.hehadunderstanding

C.wasunderstood

D.thathisunderstandingwas

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處應(yīng)該是做修飾的成分。A項(xiàng)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“按照……”，B項(xiàng)本身不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)；C項(xiàng)不應(yīng)再出現(xiàn)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was；D項(xiàng)that在引導(dǎo)一個(gè)缺成分的從句，不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：托馬斯?潘恩(ThomasPaine)致力于直言不諱地說(shuō)出他所理解的真相。故正確答案為A。

2.單選題

InNovember1987thegovernment（）apublicdebateonthefuturedirectionoftheofficialsportspolicy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiated

B.designed

C.induced

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】initiated開(kāi)始,開(kāi)創(chuàng)；designed設(shè)計(jì),計(jì)劃；induced引誘,說(shuō)服；promoted促進(jìn),提升。句意：1987年11月,政府開(kāi)始就官方體育政策的未來(lái)方向進(jìn)行公開(kāi)辯論。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.單選題

Suchquestionsshouldbeapproachedhonestlyandinfullawarenessthat（

）loanagreementswillcostmoneyduetocancellationorothercharges.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compressing

B.terminating

C.conforming

D.contending

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這些問(wèn)題應(yīng)該認(rèn)真的探討，要充分意識(shí)到終止貸款協(xié)議及其他事項(xiàng)是要花成本的。

compress(被)壓緊;精簡(jiǎn);濃縮;壓縮;壓縮(文件等)。terminate(使)停止，結(jié)束，終止;到達(dá)終點(diǎn)站。conform順從，順應(yīng)(大多數(shù)人或社會(huì));隨潮流;遵守。contend(尤指在爭(zhēng)論中)聲稱，主張，認(rèn)為;競(jìng)爭(zhēng);爭(zhēng)奪。

4.單選題

Becausemytoothwasbadlydecayed,thedentisthadto（

）it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extricate

B.exterminate

C.eradicate

D.extract

【答案】D

【解析】句意:因?yàn)槲业闹篮車?yán)重,牙醫(yī)不得不拔掉它。

考查形近詞辨析。Extricate使解脫,解救;exterminate消滅,根除;eradicate鏟除;extract拔出,拔(牙)。

5.問(wèn)答題

ThedropinthepriceofBrentcrudefromahighofmorethan$115abarrelinJunetolessthan

A

$60earlierthismonthhasputextramoneyintoconsumer’spocketsandboosted

B

C

fuel-intensivebusinesses,whilecuttingoilcompanies’revenuesandstokingfinancialcrisesin

D

oil-producingcountriesincludingRussiaandVenezuela.

【答案】試題答案：C;consumers’

【解析】考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義可知此處的消費(fèi)者不止一個(gè)，以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格直接加“'”，consumers’意為“消費(fèi)者的”。

6.單選題

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmallwell-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts.Yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerlessthathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob.Theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain-bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis（

）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat（

）

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（

）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividualfunctionsinit

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkerandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.tolerance

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一句話通常點(diǎn)出主旨大意。通篇文章都在談?wù)撊藗冇捎趯?duì)工作沒(méi)有激情和興趣而找不到存在感，生活在巨大的焦慮之中的現(xiàn)實(shí)。所以C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)中毫不重要的一個(gè)小部分，盡管一切運(yùn)作正常”符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第二段的最后一句話‘Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.他們生活和死亡從來(lái)沒(méi)有面對(duì)過(guò)人類作為情感和智力獨(dú)立和有生產(chǎn)力的人存在的基本現(xiàn)實(shí)?！_定真正的原因是作為“情感與理智上獨(dú)立的、富有創(chuàng)造性的”個(gè)人被忽視。D選項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)A、B只是部分原因，不是真正的原因；C的意思與文章內(nèi)容相悖。

3.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。文章第三段開(kāi)頭提到‘Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.生活在社會(huì)上層階級(jí)的人需要面對(duì)更為激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因此面臨著更大的焦慮，同時(shí)也更沒(méi)有安全感‘。所以A和B選項(xiàng)排除。第三段最后一句提到“Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.一個(gè)人需要頻繁地去證實(shí)他不比其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者差或比他更好，這樣頻繁的焦慮和壓力正是人類抑郁和生病的原因?！?，所以C選項(xiàng)排除。所以正確答案為D。

4.語(yǔ)義理解題。文章最后一段作者提到了解決方法：Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.我建議把我們的社會(huì)制度從以最大限度的生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)為目的的官僚主義管理的工業(yè)主義轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐匀藶楸镜墓I(yè)主義，在這種工業(yè)主義中，人和充分發(fā)揮他的潛力---即愛(ài)和理性的潛力---是一切社會(huì)安排的目標(biāo)。作者不贊同回到工業(yè)革命前的生產(chǎn)模式或是19世紀(jì)自由市場(chǎng)資本主義，所以A和B選項(xiàng)排除。作者贊同旨在激發(fā)人類愛(ài)和理智無(wú)限潛能的社會(huì)事業(yè)，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有提及，排除。

5.作者觀點(diǎn)題。作者提出了由于工業(yè)主義后在社會(huì)上產(chǎn)生的焦慮，但是文章最后一段，作者并不僅僅是表達(dá)對(duì)現(xiàn)狀的不滿意，而是以寬容的方式提出更好的建議來(lái)改善現(xiàn)狀。所以D選項(xiàng)“寬容”符合題意。A“贊同”和C“懷疑”都不符合文意，排除。B‘不滿’比較片面，排除。

7.單選題

Volcanicfireandglacialicearenaturalenemies.Eruptionsatglaciatedvolcanoestypicallydestroyicefields,astheydidin1980when70%ofMountSaintHelensicecoverwasdemolished.Duringlongdormantintervals,glaciersgaintheupperhandcuttingdeeplyintovolcanicconesandeventuallyreducingthemtorubble.OnlyrarelydothesecompetingforcesofheatandcoldoperateinperfectbalancetocreateaphenomenonsuchasthesteamcavesatMountRainierNationalPark.

LocatedinsideRainier’stwoice-filledsummitcraters,thesecavesformalabyrinthoftunnelsandvaultedchambersaboutoneandone-halfmilesintotallength.Theircreationdependsonanunusualcombinationoffactorsthatnaturealmostneverbringstogetherinoneplace.Thecave-makingrecipecallsforasteadyemissionofvolcanicgasandheat,aheavyannualsnowfallatanelevationhighenoughtokeepitfrommeltingduringthesummer,andabowl-shapedcratertoholdthesnow.

SnowaccumulatingyearlyinRainier’ssummitcratersiscompactedandcompressedintoadenseformoficecalledfirm,asubstancemidwaybetweenordinaryiceandthedensercrystallineicethatmakesupglaciers.Heatrisingfromnumerousopening(calledfumaroles)alongtheinnercraterwallsmeltsoutchambersbetweentherockywallsandtheoverlyingicepack.Circulatingcurrentsofwarmairthenmeltadditionalopeningsinthefirmice,eventuallyconnectingtheindividualchambersand,inthelargerofRainier’stwocraters,formingacontinuouspassagewaythatextendstwo-thirdsofthewayaroundthecratersinterior.

Tomaintainthecavesystem,theelementsoffireundericemustremaininequilibrium.Enoughsnowmustfillthecratereachyeartoreplacethatmeltedfrombelow.Iftoomuchvolcanicheatisdischarged,thecrater’sicepackwillmeltawayentirelyandthecaveswillvanishalongwiththesnowsofyesteryear.Iftoolittleheatisproduced,theice,replenishedannuallybywintersnowstorms,willexpand,pushingagainsttheenclosingcraterwallsandsmotheringthepresentcavernsinsolidfirnice.

31.Withwhattopicisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

32.Accordingtothepassage,longperiodsofvolcanicinactivitycanleadtoavolcaniccone’s______.

33.ThesecondparagraphmentionsallofthefollowingasnecessaryelementsinthecreationofsteamcavesEXCEPT______.

34.Accordingtothepassage,heatfromMountRainier’ssummitcratersrisesfrom______.

35.“smothering”(Paragraph4)means______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheimportanceofsnowfallforMountRainier.

B.ThesteamcavesofMountRainier’s.

C.Howicecoversaredestroyed.

D.TheeruptionofMountSaintHelensin1980.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.strongeruption

B.suddengrowth

C.destruction

D.unpredictability

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.aglacier

B.acrater

C.heat

D.snow

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.crystallineice

B.firns

C.chambers

D.fumaroles

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.eliminate

B.enlarged

C.prevented

D.hollowed

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】31.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章主要討論什么主題？”。文章第一段通過(guò)火山火和冰川冰的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)引出雷尼爾山國(guó)家公園的蒸汽洞穴的話題，隨即第二段介紹了蒸汽洞穴形成的特征，第三段講述冰川與火山口相互作用形成蒸汽洞的具體過(guò)程，最后一段講述了蒸汽洞的維持需要熱與雪在火山口的獨(dú)特平衡。綜上所述，這篇文章主要討論的是雷尼爾山的蒸汽洞穴，B項(xiàng)“雷尼爾山的蒸汽洞穴”正確。A項(xiàng)“降雪對(duì)雷尼爾山的重要性”屬于以偏概全。C項(xiàng)“冰雪是如何被破壞的”和D項(xiàng)“1980年圣海倫斯火山爆發(fā)”只是少部分提及或者舉例，也屬于以偏概全。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

32.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)這篇文章，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的火山不活動(dòng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致火山錐的……”。定位第一段第三句Duringlongdormantintervals,glaciersgaintheupperhandcuttingdeeplyintovolcanicconesandeventuallyreducingthemtorubble.（在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的休眠期間，冰川占據(jù)上風(fēng)，深深地切割火山錐，最終將它們夷為平地）可知，如果火山長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不活動(dòng)，那么冰川會(huì)把火山錐夷為平地，C項(xiàng)“破壞”正確。A項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)烈的火山噴發(fā)”和B項(xiàng)“突然的增長(zhǎng)”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。D項(xiàng)“不可預(yù)測(cè)性”屬于無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

33.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“第二段提到了除了……以外的所有蒸汽洞穴的必要元素”。定位第二段第二句Thecave-makingrecipecallsforasteadyemissionofvolcanicgasandheat,aheavyannualsnowfallatanelevationhighenoughtokeepitfrommeltingduringthesummer,andabowl-shapedcratertoholdthesnow.（建造洞穴的方法需要穩(wěn)定的火山氣體和熱量的釋放，在海拔足夠高的地方每年有大量的降雪，以防止在夏季融化，還有一個(gè)碗狀的火山口來(lái)容納雪）可知，蒸汽洞穴的必要元素是火山口、降雪和熱量，B項(xiàng)“火山口”、C項(xiàng)“熱”和D項(xiàng)“雪”都正確。只有A項(xiàng)“冰川”沒(méi)提到。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)這篇文章，雷尼爾山山頂火山口的熱量從……上升”。定位第三段第二句Heatrisingfromnumerousopening(calledfumaroles)alongtheinnercraterwallsmeltsoutchambersbetweentherockywallsandtheoverlyingicepack.（沿著火山口內(nèi)壁的大量噴氣孔上升的熱量融化了巖壁和上面的冰袋之間的洞穴）可知，D項(xiàng)“噴氣孔”正確。定位第一句SnowaccumulatingyearlyinRainier’ssummitcratersiscompactedandcompressedintoadenseformoficecalledfirn,asubstancemidwaybetweenordinaryiceandthedensercrystallineicethatmakesupglaciers.（在雷尼爾山頂?shù)碾E石坑里，每年積累的雪被壓實(shí)并壓縮成一種稱為硬冰的密集形式，這種物質(zhì)介于普通冰和構(gòu)成冰川的更致密的結(jié)晶冰之間）可知，A項(xiàng)“結(jié)晶冰”和B項(xiàng)“積雪”與題干無(wú)關(guān)，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。C項(xiàng)“洞穴”也屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“第四段的smothering的意思是……”。定位第四段最后一句Iftoolittleheatisproduced,theice,replenishedannuallybywintersnowstorms,willexpand,pushingagainsttheenclosingcraterwallsandsmotheringthepresentcavernsinsolidfirnice.（如果產(chǎn)生的熱量太少，每年由冬季暴風(fēng)雪補(bǔ)充的冰就會(huì)膨脹，擠壓周圍的隕石坑壁，并用堅(jiān)實(shí)的冰smothering現(xiàn)在的洞穴），結(jié)合前一句Iftoomuchvolcanicheatisdischarged,thecrater’sicepackwillmeltawayentirelyandthecaveswillvanishalongwiththesnowsofyesteryear.（如果火山釋放出過(guò)多的熱量，火山口的冰塊將完全融化，洞穴將和去年的雪一起消失），這兩句分別是闡述熱量過(guò)少和熱量過(guò)多時(shí)，蒸汽洞穴的變化，前一句提到了vanish，所以smothering的意思也和vanish相近，表示“消失”，A項(xiàng)“消除”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“放大”、C項(xiàng)“預(yù)防”和D項(xiàng)“挖空”都是曲解原文。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Myshoulderhurt（）eachtimeIputanotherfullbarrelonit,andmylegsoccasionallytrembledasIwasheadingtothestreet.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wickedly

B.typically

C.ultimately

D.vainly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。wickedly“惡劣地，居心叵測(cè)的”；typically“代表性地，作為特色地”；ultimately“最后，根本”；vainly“徒勞地，無(wú)益地”。句意：每次我把裝滿東西的桶放我肩上時(shí)，我的肩膀就疼得厲害，當(dāng)我走向街頭時(shí)，我的腿也是不是打顫。能修飾hurt的只有wickedly。故A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:“Areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?”TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants’impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestressthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation’sfearsandinsecurities.There’ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren’tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat’sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration’simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers—meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers’savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.

Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants’accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.“Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon.“Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone.”Toobadmostpeopledon’trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebatedoverimmigration?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit’sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudge.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Eveneconomistscan’treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.絕大多數(shù)美國(guó)民眾認(rèn)為移民是有害的。然而，大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的共識(shí)是，無(wú)論是合法的還是非法的移民，都對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有小小的促進(jìn)作用?！笨芍娕c經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家就移民是好還是壞有不同的看法。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes，andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.移民提供了廉價(jià)的勞動(dòng)力，降低了從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品到新住房等一切商品的價(jià)格，讓消費(fèi)者口袋里多了一些錢?！笨芍泼窠o普通美國(guó)人帶來(lái)的好處是：降低了物價(jià)，使他們手中能有多一些錢。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題.由題干關(guān)鍵詞“nativelow-skilledworkers”定位到第三段倒數(shù)一、二句“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.本地的低技能工人在與外國(guó)勞工的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中受害最深。根據(jù)哈佛大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家GeorgeBorjas的一項(xiàng)研究，從1980年到2000年，移民使美國(guó)高中輟學(xué)生的工資下降了9%。”可知C項(xiàng)“他們很難找到一份薪水體面的工作”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.換句話說(shuō)，他們最擔(dān)心的是移民帶來(lái)的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“它會(huì)給國(guó)家預(yù)算帶來(lái)很大壓力”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.具有諷刺意味的是，盡管所有的爭(zhēng)論都過(guò)于激烈，移民的凈影響卻微乎其微。即使對(duì)那些受影響最嚴(yán)重的人——比如，低技能工人或加州居民——影響也不那么顯著。”可知C項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)影響不大的事情大驚小怪”正確，即人們對(duì)于移民的影響過(guò)于大驚小怪。

10.翻譯題

1.ThecostofhealthcareisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingtheUnitedStates,and,asmostpeopleknowfromexperience,drugpricesareagrowingpartoftheproblem.

2.Althoughdrugspendingrepresentsonly12percentoftotalhealthcosts，itisrisingatanannualrateof10to12percent—morethanfourtimestherateofinflation—andwillsoonovertakephysicianfeesasthesecondlargestpartofthehealth-carebill,alterhospitalizationcosts.Whyisthishappening?Unlikeotheradvancedcountries,theUnitesStatesdoesn’tregulatedrugcosts.

3.Privateinsurersbargainwithmanufacturersfordiscountsonthemedicinestheycover,butthedrugindustryhaslongstymiedsucheffortsbythefederalgovernment.TheresultisthatAmericanspayroughlytwiceasmuchasCanadiansorEuropeansforbrand-namemedications

4.Theproblemisreachingcrisisproportions—andwithoutboldreforms,itwillgetworse.Thepharmaceuticalindustryclaimsthathighpricesarenecessarytocoveritsresearchanddevelopmentcosts.5.Thetruthisthatin2002,thetop10Americandrugcompanieshadamedianprofitmarginof17percent,comparedwithlessthan3.1percentfortheotherFortune500industries.

【答案】1.醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用是美國(guó)面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)之一，而且，正如大多數(shù)人從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中知道的那樣，藥價(jià)是問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)重的一部分。

2.雖然藥物支出僅占總醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的12%，年率上升10%到12%——超過(guò)通貨膨脹率的四倍，很快就會(huì)超越醫(yī)生診療費(fèi)用，成為第二大醫(yī)療保健法案的一部分，改變住院費(fèi)用。

3.私人保險(xiǎn)公司與制造商討價(jià)還價(jià)，爭(zhēng)取他們承保的藥品的折扣，但制藥業(yè)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直阻撓聯(lián)邦政府的這類努力。

4.這個(gè)問(wèn)題正達(dá)到危機(jī)的程度——如果不進(jìn)行大膽的改革，它將變得更糟。

5.事實(shí)是，2002年，美國(guó)前十大制藥公司的利潤(rùn)率中值為17%，而其他財(cái)富500強(qiáng)行業(yè)的利潤(rùn)率中值不到3.1%。

11.單選題

7.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heistheheadofthehospital.

B.HeisinchargeofPediatrics.

C.HewentoutlookingforDan.

D.HewenttoMichiganonbusiness.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Hello,thisisDonNorthfromPediatrics.I’dlikeawordwithDoctorWilsonifit’spossible.

W:I’msorry,butheleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning.Hewasinfactlookingforyoujustbeforeheleft.

Q:WhatistrueaboutDoctorWilson?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話中說(shuō)到：heleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning，即DoctorWilson今早前往密歇根參加會(huì)議。

12.單選題

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe“CaroftheFuture”.Theyfeaturedunconventionalstylingandthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yet,frankly,mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.Itwillstillgoandstop,butitmaynotburngasoline.Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.

Airbagsaren’tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions（碰撞）,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren’tgoingaway,andinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimize（使減少到最低限度）injuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace.Futurecarsmaybeabletoeliminatemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,tailgatingandsleepiness.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Manyaccidentsarecausedbypeoplefollowingthecarinfronttooclosely.Asearlyasnextyear,you’llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou’reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle.Forcitystreets,expectotherradardevicesthatwillgiveadvancewarningthatthecarinfrontofyouhasslowedsuddenlyandyoushouldsteponthebrakes—orthatmayevenbrakeforyou.

Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon’tbetechnicallypossible,andMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars,butsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe（安全的）systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisabled.

1.Theauthorwasfascinatedbycarsbecause_____.

2.Bysay“mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo”(Line-5-6,para.1),theauthormeansthat.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?

4.Whatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver’ssystem?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.othersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirown,too

B.hereadexotic