GrammarUnit6Birdwatching

1.學(xué)習(xí)用動詞不定式todo和inorderto表示目的。2.掌握“動詞+賓語+動詞不定式todo”結(jié)構(gòu)。Learningaims用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.Theheavyrainstoppedus_______(play)football.2.Everyyear,alotofforeignersgotoBeijing________(visit)theGreatWall.3.Toomuchworkusuallymakeshim_______(feel)verytired.4.TheSmithsfromtheUK_______(travel)inHangzhounow.Theyhavefunthere.playingtovisitfeelaretravelling復(fù)習(xí)鞏固5.HeisinvitingJim__________(come)tohishomeforhisbirthdayparty.6._________(live)inZhalongisgoodfordifferentkindsofbirds,Ithink.7.Weshoulddowhatwecan_________(prevent)theweather__________(get)hotterandhotter.8.Therearenotmanycranes_________(leave)intheworld.tocomeLivingtopreventgettingleft9.It’sbadforyoureyestokeep_______

(play)computergamesforsuchalongtime.10.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelaws____________(protect)thesebirds.11.Ihopethis__________(help)himworkouttheproblem.12.Somesmallcompanies___________(face)someproblemsnow.playingtoprotectwillhelparefacing13.Thisarticlehelpsuslearnabout________(protect)theenvironment.14.________(get)thereintime,theystartedearly.15.It’simportant_________(notread)inthesun.16.Jacklikeslisteningtomusicwhilehe_________(sleep).Jacklikeslisteningtomusicwhile__________(sleep).protectingTogetnottoreadissleepingsleepingto-infinitivesforpurpose目的狀語Sentencesfromthisunit:1.Ioftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.2.Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.3.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.4.Everyyear,alotoftouristsgotoZhalongtowatchthebirds.5.Wearenowinvitingthemtohelpus.6.Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.交流合作在上一單元中我們學(xué)習(xí)了動詞不定式作賓語的用法，在本單元我們將學(xué)習(xí)用不定式表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的，即動詞不定式作目的狀語。

交流合作Sentencesfromthisunit:1.Ioftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.2.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.

為了使目的意義更加清楚或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)意義時，還可以在前面加inorderto。由inorderto引導(dǎo)的目的狀語，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。

Takeanotebookwithyouinordertowritedownwhatyousee.=Inordertowritedownwhatyousee,takeanotebookwithyou.

寫下,記下不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，其否定形式是在不定式前面+not其否定形式為:

nottodo/inordernottodoe.g.Theystayathome(inorder)nottomeetheroldfriends._________(watch)thebirdsgave/givesmemuchfun._________(watch)thebirds,andyouwillfindmuchfun._________(watch)thebirds,Ioftengotothemarket.WatchingWatchTowatchWhatpeopledoinZhalongMatchthefirstpartsofthesentencesontheleftwiththesecondpartsontheright.1PeoplegotoZhalong__atotakephotos

ofthebirds.2Theyshouldreadabout__btostudythethe

birdsfirstbirdsinthe

wetlands.3MostPeopletakea__ctowatchthecamerabirds.4TheBirdwtching__dtolearnmoreSocietygoesaboutthem.adbc翻譯句子1.他昨天來射陽看我。

HecametoSheyangtoseemeyesterday.2.為了趕上早班車,今天早上我很早就起床了。

Inordertocatchtheearlybus,Igotupearlythismorning.3.為了不忘記，他記下了我的電話號碼。

Hewrotedownmytelephonenumber（inorder）nottoforgetit.鞏固練習(xí)verbs+objects+to-infinitives謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語我媽媽叫我每天彈兩小時的鋼琴。Mymumasksme

toplay

thepianotwohourseveryday.我們還可以用動詞不定式來說明賓語的情況，此時動詞不定式在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語。交流合作Theteachertoldmetoclean

theblackboard.Iwantyoutogiveme

somehelp.引導(dǎo)不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞：advise,tell,allow允許,ask,order命令,get,invite,wish,want,encourage鼓勵like,love,hate等+sb.todo/nottodosth.asksb.tell叫/吩咐want想要need需要invite邀請advise建議wish希望order命令encourage鼓勵get(讓)love/like/hatetodosth.nottodosth.朗讀并背誦替換練習(xí)下列動詞后接不定式時，必須省去to

一“感”：feel

二“聽”：hear，listento

三“讓”：make，let，have（讓)

四“看”：watch，see，lookat，notice（注意）

feelsomeonecomenear

hear/listentobirdssing

makeuslaughallthatnight

watchthegoldfishswiminthewater

letsb.feel

listento聽hear聽見（過去式是heard）makehave使/讓（不是“有”）let

watch觀看see看見lookat看notice注意dosth.notdosth.朗讀并背誦替換練習(xí)注意

以“聽或看”為例，某人當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)所聽或所見的動作經(jīng)常發(fā)生或強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的結(jié)果時，應(yīng)使用動詞的V-原形；當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作“正在發(fā)生”(過程)時，需使用V-ing形式（注意v-ing前面沒有be動詞）即：

notice/see/hear…dosth.

notice/see/hear…doingsth.經(jīng)常性動作或動作的結(jié)果正在發(fā)生/進(jìn)行（過程）1.他常觀看金魚游來游去。Heoftenwatchesthegoldfishswimaround.2.老板讓他們一天工作12小時。Thebosslet/made/hadthemworkfor12hourseveryday.3.我看到她過了馬路。Isawhercrosstheroad.

4.我常聽見她在隔壁唱歌。Ioftenhearhersingnextdoor.5.當(dāng)我路過門口，我聽到她正在隔壁唱歌。Iheardhersingingnextdoor,whenIpassedtheroom.經(jīng)常性動作經(jīng)常性動作強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性動作正在發(fā)生（過程）動詞help后面的動詞不定式可帶to，也可不帶to。Sheoften

helpsme(to)do

thehousework.她常常幫我做家務(wù)。We

helpedhim(to)fix

hisbike.我們幫他修自行車。不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，其否定形式是在不定式前面+not1.原不定結(jié)構(gòu)帶有to,則其否定形式為:

nottodo2.原不定式結(jié)構(gòu)省to，則其否定形式為：notdoTheClass1,Grade8studentswenttoZhalongNatureReserve.Sandyiswritingabouttheirtrip.Helphercompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Goingbirdwatching1.MrWu_____us________apairofcomfortableshoesbecausewewouldhavetowalkalongway.(ask/wear)2.We______somebirds_____inthetrees.(hear/sing)3.MrWu_____us_________thebirdscarefully.(tell/watch)4.Healso__________us__________thebirds.(want/describe)askedtowearheardsingtoldtowatchwantedtodescribe5.He_______us__________inthewetlands.(advise/notshout)6.Thecoldweather_______somebirds______southforthewinter.(make/fly)7.Thetrip_______us______moreaboutwildlife.(help/learn)madehelpedlearn/tolearnflyadvisednottoshout不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊用法1.他聽到了這個消息感到很高興。

Hewasveryhappytohearthenews.(表原因)2.她太累了，走不動了。Shewastootiredtowalkanyfarther.(表結(jié)果)3.他們到達(dá)了那里卻/竟發(fā)現(xiàn)大樓在著火。Theyarrivedthere(only)tofindthebuildingwasonfire.(表結(jié)果)4.（跟你）說實話，這道數(shù)學(xué)題我解不出來。Totell（you）thetruth，Ican’tworkoutthismathsproblem.(句首插入語)5.下一步該怎么做是個問題。Whattodo

nextisaquestion.Howtokeepfitmakesusfeelinterested.(疑問詞+todo具有名詞性質(zhì)，可作主語)詞組翻譯1.制定法律來阻止所有這些事情makelawstopreventallthesethings2.想要縮小濕地以便為農(nóng)場和建筑物騰出更多的空間wanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings3.帶本筆記本在身邊以便記錄你所看見的。takeanotebookwithyouinordertowritedownwhatyousee.4.首先讀些關(guān)于鳥的信息以更多的了解他們readaboutthebirdsfirsttolearnmoreaboutthem5.帶相機(jī)以便拍些鳥的照片takeacameratotakephotosofthebirds6.去研究濕地里的鳥gotostudythebirdsinthewetlands7.要求人們不要因為任何原因抓鳥askpeoplenottocatchbirdsforanyreason8.講有趣的笑話使我們大笑tellfunnyjokestomakeuslaugh9.同意讓我參加他們的學(xué)校旅行agreetoletmejointheirschooltrip10.要求我們穿一雙舒服的鞋子askustowearapairofcomfortableshoes11.得走很長的路havetowalkalongway12.告訴我們仔細(xì)地觀鳥tellustowatchthebirdscarefully13.鼓勵我們描述鳥encourageustodescribethebirds14.建議我們不在濕地里喊叫adviseusnottoshoutinthewetlands15.使得一些鳥飛到南方過冬makesomebirdsflysouthforthewinter16.幫助我們更多地了解野生動物helpuslearnmoreaboutwildlife詞匯Let’s_______(discuss)theproblemfirst.Ourteachertoldus_________(listen)carefullyinclass.SuzyadvisedAndrew________(參加)thelessonsaboutDIY.Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus______(feel)happyorsad.Whatabout_______(share)yourhappinesswithyourfriends?discusstolistentoattendfeelsharing6.Iamwriting________(tell)yousomethingaboutmystudy.7.Doyouwanttostop_______(have)arestafterwalkingalongway?8.Wemakeafire________(keep)theroomwarmsothatwecanchatforawhile.9.Mr.Wangdoeswhathecan_______(help)usimproveourEnglish.totelltohavetokeeptohelp10.Ifpricesrise(上升)toohigh,thegovernmenthastodosomething______(stop)it.11.Shewenttothemarket________(watch)thebirds.12.Inorder_______(notfail)intheexam,wemustworkhard.13.Ioftenhearbirds______(sing)inthemorning.14.Takeanotebookwithyou_______(write)downwhatyouhear.tostopt