書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川希望汽車(chē)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleave,（

）somethingoccurredwhichattractedmyattention.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unless

B.until

C.when

D.while

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意可知發(fā)生的事，是在我打算離開(kāi)的時(shí)候，故空格處需要一個(gè)連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，排除A、B選項(xiàng)，occurred為短暫性動(dòng)詞，而while引導(dǎo)的從句動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此選C。句意：我有些失望且正要離開(kāi)時(shí)，突然發(fā)生了一件事引起了我的注意。

2.單選題

Theofficermurmuredhisconsent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stuttered

B.nodded

C.mumbled

D.uttered

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。murmur意為“低語(yǔ)，喃喃細(xì)語(yǔ)”；stutter意為“口吃，結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō)”；nod意為“點(diǎn)頭”；mumble意為“嘟噥，低聲說(shuō)”；utter意為“說(shuō)，出聲”。

句意：警官低聲表示同意。

3.單選題

Theyartificially（）thevalueofthehousesotheycould“reduce”itandmakepeoplethinkitwasabargain.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enlarged

B.underestimated

C.raised

D.inflated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。enlarge“擴(kuò)大，增大”；underestimate“低估，看清”；raise“舉起，提高”；inflate“膨脹，充氣”。句意：他們?nèi)藶榈靥Ц叻孔拥膬r(jià)格，再“低價(jià)”出售，讓人們以為這是大減價(jià)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent,herbookdoesnotridiculeallpredictionsofdoombutratherclaimsthattherisksofharmhaveinmanycasesbeen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerated

B.derided

C.ignored

D.scrutinized

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。通過(guò)Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent可知這里駁斥的是environmentalcatastropheisimminent，所以對(duì)下文claim的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與這個(gè)相反：即認(rèn)為環(huán)境災(zāi)難并沒(méi)有臨近，這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)只是被夸大了。exaggerat夸張；deride嘲笑；ignore忽視；scrutinize詳細(xì)檢查。句意：在對(duì)環(huán)境災(zāi)難臨近的觀(guān)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行駁斥的過(guò)程中，她的作品并沒(méi)有嘲笑所有的厄運(yùn)預(yù)測(cè)，而是指出災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在許多情況下被夸大了。

5.單選題

Itisapopular______thatmoneyalwaysbringshappiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fallacy

B.creed

C.moral

D.allegory

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)fallacy“謬論，謬誤”，B項(xiàng)creed“信條，教義”，C項(xiàng)moral“道德，寓意”，D項(xiàng)allegory“寓言”。根據(jù)句子可知空格處要填入一個(gè)名詞作表語(yǔ)，且后面的that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)對(duì)空格處補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明；根據(jù)that從句的意思“金錢(qián)總能帶來(lái)幸?！笨芍崭癫糠痔钊雈allacy符合語(yǔ)境。句意：認(rèn)為金錢(qián)總能帶來(lái)幸福是一種流行的謬論。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust______thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.improve

B.enhance

C.guarantee

D.gear

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。improve“改善”；enhance“加強(qiáng)”；guarantee“保證”；gear“開(kāi)動(dòng)，使……合適”。句意：為了在國(guó)家激烈的貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存，我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量和種類(lèi)適合市場(chǎng)需求。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttothemirrortheworldarereally（

）oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reflection“反映”；demonstration“示范”；illumination“照明”；reproduction“繁殖”。句意：許多試圖向世界反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的小說(shuō)，都反映了他們所代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教務(wù)長(zhǎng))ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人員)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活動(dòng)家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators(管理人員),andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,well-knownschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspective(視角)onestablishedpractices.

1.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

2.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

3.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

4.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

5.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.InstitutionworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheUS.

B.Alotofactivistsarebeinghiredasadministrators.

C.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.

B.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D.Theiradministrativeexperience.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thetuitions(學(xué)費(fèi))theychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentcontrol.

C.Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D.Mostoftheirmoneycomesfromthegovernment.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D.shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)一、二句Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.（然而，人才流動(dòng)并非是世界性的。高層管理人員的流動(dòng)只傾向于一個(gè)方向：從美國(guó)向外。），可知當(dāng)前高等教育傾向于從美國(guó)招聘管理人員，A選項(xiàng)“世界各地的機(jī)構(gòu)都在從美國(guó)招聘管理人員”正確。B選項(xiàng)“許多積極分子被聘為管理員”，C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)大學(xué)正在擴(kuò)招國(guó)際學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)更加注重籌款”文中沒(méi)有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.（董事會(huì)最終聘用了布魯斯?本森，一位69歲的科羅拉多商人和政治活動(dòng)家，因?yàn)樗芸赡茉诂F(xiàn)代大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)的主要任務(wù)上做得很好：籌資。），可知美國(guó)大學(xué)在招聘高級(jí)管理人員時(shí)主要考慮籌資方面的能力，B選項(xiàng)“他們籌集資金的能力”正確；A選項(xiàng)“政治正確性”和C選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)趯W(xué)術(shù)界的名聲”不是主要考慮的內(nèi)容。D選項(xiàng)“他們的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)”：根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.（籌集資金的能力很大程度上是經(jīng)驗(yàn)和需要的產(chǎn)物。），可知要求的是籌資方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而非管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.（與此同時(shí)，許多歐洲大學(xué)仍主要依賴(lài)政府資助。），可知D選項(xiàng)“它們的大部分資金來(lái)自政府”正確。A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)費(fèi)一直在上漲”，B選項(xiàng)“其運(yùn)作受到政府的嚴(yán)格控制”和C選項(xiàng)“它們正在通過(guò)全球化加強(qiáng)他們的地位”：文中沒(méi)有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.（2003年，劍橋大學(xué)任命另一位耶魯大學(xué)前教務(wù)長(zhǎng)艾莉森?理查德為副校長(zhǎng)。劍橋大學(xué)公開(kāi)強(qiáng)調(diào)，在她之前的工作中，她對(duì)“耶魯大學(xué)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況起到了重要的監(jiān)督作用”。），可知艾莉森?理查德成為副校長(zhǎng)的主要原因是在籌資方面做出的貢獻(xiàn)，A選項(xiàng)“她很擅長(zhǎng)籌款”正確；沒(méi)有提到艾莉森?理查德讓劍橋大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系加強(qiáng)，B選項(xiàng)“她可以幫助加強(qiáng)與耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“她知道如何吸引海外學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“她提高了耶魯大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)地位”：文中沒(méi)有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.（外國(guó)人可以為現(xiàn)有做法提供新的視角。），可知C選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)從一個(gè)新的角度來(lái)看待很多事情?！闭_。B選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)吸引來(lái)更多的國(guó)際教員”：根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.（教育的全球化意味著，更多的大學(xué)將尋求具有某種國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，以促進(jìn)國(guó)際項(xiàng)目和吸引全球?qū)W生群體。），可知吸引的是國(guó)外的學(xué)生而非教員。A選項(xiàng)“他們可以提升大學(xué)的形象”和D選項(xiàng)“他們可以建立新的學(xué)科”：文中沒(méi)有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thethreatofageneralstrikewas（）onlybypromptgovernmentaction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.averted

B.diverted

C.subverted

D.deviated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:只有政府迅速采取行動(dòng)，才能避免大罷工的威脅。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。avert避免；轉(zhuǎn)移；divert轉(zhuǎn)移；使…轉(zhuǎn)向；subvert顛覆；破壞；deviate偏離；越軌。該處動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)是Thethreatofageneralstrike(大罷工的威脅)，故A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

（

）memostwasthattheyoungboywhohadlostbotharmsinanaccidentcouldhandleapenwithhisfeet.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thatamazed

B.Itamazed

C.Whichamazed

D.Whatamazed

【答案】D

【解析】句意:令我吃驚的是，這個(gè)在車(chē)禍中喪失雙臂的年輕人能夠用腳拿筆。

語(yǔ)法題。考查名詞性從句。分析題干可知memost這部分在整個(gè)句子中作主語(yǔ)，因此這部分是主語(yǔ)從句。常用連接詞what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,故答案選項(xiàng)為D。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

SinglesDaywasbegunbyChinesecollegestudentsinthe1990sasaversionofValentine’sDayforpeoplewithoutromanticpartners.Thetimingwasbasedonthedate:Nov.11,or“11.11”—foursingles.Unattachedyoungpeoplewouldtreateachothertodinnerorgivegiftstowoothatspecialsomeoneandendtheirsinglestatus.

Thatgift-givinghelpedtoturnitintoamajorshoppingeventassellersofeverythingfromjewelrytoTVstocarssawamarketingopportunityandlaunchedSinglesDaysales.ItisChina’sanswertoCyberMondayintheUnitedStates—thedayafterThanksgivingweekend,whenonlineChristmasshoppingbeingsandmerchantshavetheirbusiestsalesday.

【答案】光棍節(jié)源于上世紀(jì)90年代的中國(guó)大學(xué)生中，對(duì)于沒(méi)有浪漫伴侶的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是另一個(gè)情人節(jié)。時(shí)間是11月11日或者11?11——4個(gè)單身。單身的年輕人彼此之間聚餐或者送禮物給那個(gè)特別的人來(lái)結(jié)束他們的單身狀態(tài)。

送禮物把光棍節(jié)變成了一個(gè)重要的購(gòu)物活動(dòng)，從珠寶到電視到汽車(chē)等的銷(xiāo)售商們都從中看到了商機(jī)，并推出了光棍節(jié)銷(xiāo)售活動(dòng)。光棍節(jié)相當(dāng)于美國(guó)的“網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一”，即感恩節(jié)周末后的一天，網(wǎng)上圣誕節(jié)購(gòu)物開(kāi)始，商人們開(kāi)始了他們繁忙的銷(xiāo)售日。

12.單選題

Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymorevulnerable;later,weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinallybecomesosteepthatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.

Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseaseweshalleventually“dieofoldage”,andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrompersontoperson,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavorofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.

Normalpeopletendtoforgetthisprocessunlessanduntiltheyareremindedofit.Wearesofamiliarwiththefactthatmanages,thatpeoplehaveforyearsassumedthattheprocessoflosingvigorwithtime,ofbecomingmorelikelytodietheodderweget,wassomethingself-evident,likethecoolingofahotkettleorthewearingoutofapairofshoes.Theyhavealsoassumedthatallanimals,andprobablyotherorganismssuchastrees,oreventheuniverseitself,mustinthenatureofthings“wearout”.

Mostanimalswecommonlyobservedoinfactageaswedo,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough;andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué))(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchandcanberewound.Anoldwatch,bycontrast,becomessowornandunreliablewhatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitself—itdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould,atonetime,repairourselves—wellenough,atleast,toovercomeallbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandaccidents.Betweentwelveandeightyyearswegraduallylosethispower,anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout,andintoourgrave.Ifwecouldstayasvigorousasweareattwelve,itwouldtakeabout700yearsforhalfofustodie,andanother700forthesurvivorstobereducedbyhalfagain.

36.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

37.Theword“it”inthelastsentenceofParagraphTworefersto（）.

38.Whatisageing?

39.Whatdotheexampleofwatchshow?

40.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthestyleofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ourfirsttwelveyearsrepresentthepeakofhumandevelopment.

B.Peopleusuallyareunhappywhenremindedofageing.

C.Normallyonlyafewofuscanlivetotheireightiesandnineties.

D.Peopleareusuallylesslikelytodieattwelveyearsold.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.remainingaliveuntil65

B.remainingaliveafter80

C.dyingbefore65orafter80

D.dyingbetween65and80

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisusuallyaphenomenonofdyingatanoldage.

B.Itisafactthatpeoplecannotliveanylonger.

C.Itisagraduallossofvigorandresistance.

D.Itisaphasewhenpeopleareeasilyattackedbyillness.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Normallypeoplearequitefamiliarwiththeageingprocess.

B.Allanimalandotherorganismsundergotheageingprocess.

C.Thelawofthermodynamicsfunctionsintheageingprocess.

D.Human’sageingprocessisdifferentfromthatofmechanisms.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Argumentation

B.Exposition

C.Narration

D.Description

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】36.推理判斷題。定位到第一段Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.（人長(zhǎng)到12歲時(shí)，身體處于最旺盛時(shí)期。雖然身材、力量和智力都還有待發(fā)展和完善，但這時(shí)候死亡的幾率最小。）因此可排除A選項(xiàng)“我們頭一個(gè)12年代表了人類(lèi)發(fā)展的巔峰”。D選項(xiàng)“人們通常不太可能在12歲時(shí)死亡”符合原文，正確。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們想到衰老時(shí)，通常會(huì)不高興”，定位到第二段Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway.（人類(lèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)的最不愉快的一個(gè)事實(shí)是人必然會(huì)衰老。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“通常我們中只有少數(shù)人能活到八九十歲”，定位到第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.（我們中的一些人會(huì)死得早一些，少數(shù)人會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)——活到九十、一百歲。）由此可知，C選項(xiàng)也符合題意。故選A。

37.詞義推測(cè)題。定位在第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.（我們中的一些人將死得早，很少人會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)，到第九個(gè)或第十個(gè)十年。但是這樣的幾率很小，我們所能期望的壽命實(shí)際上是有限度的，無(wú)論我們多幸運(yùn)多強(qiáng)健。）由此可知it應(yīng)該指代前一句的內(nèi)容，很少人能夠活到第九個(gè)十年或者第十個(gè)十年。因此B選項(xiàng)“80歲后還活著”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“活到65歲”，C選項(xiàng)“在65歲前或80歲后死亡”，D選項(xiàng)“在65到80歲之間死去”均不符合題意，可排除。故選B。

38.客觀(guān)細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞ageing定位到第二段Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.（這種活力隨著時(shí)間的流逝而衰退的現(xiàn)象叫作衰老。）和第一段中的weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst.（我們將經(jīng)歷精力和抵抗力逐漸衰退的過(guò)程，雖然在開(kāi)始時(shí)難以覺(jué)察。）可知C選項(xiàng)“衰老是一種逐漸喪失活力和抵抗力的過(guò)程”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“衰老通常是一種老年死亡的現(xiàn)象”，B選項(xiàng)“人們不能再活下去了，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)”，D選項(xiàng)“衰老是一個(gè)人們?nèi)菀资艿郊膊」舻碾A段”均不符合衰老的定義描述，可排除。故選C。

39.推理判斷題。定位到第四段andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué))(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.（機(jī)械系統(tǒng)，如一塊上發(fā)條的表，或者太陽(yáng)，實(shí)際上的確會(huì)遵循熱力學(xué)第二定律耗盡能量（整個(gè)宇宙是否如此，目前是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題）。但是這些和人類(lèi)老化的情況并不相同。）可以推理出，人類(lèi)的老化與機(jī)械裝置的老化是不同的。手表不能像人類(lèi)的身體那樣進(jìn)行自我修復(fù)，而人類(lèi)的自我修復(fù)還可以在一定程度上緩解病痛、延長(zhǎng)生命，所以D選項(xiàng)“人的衰老過(guò)程不同于機(jī)械的衰老過(guò)程”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“通常人們對(duì)衰老過(guò)程相當(dāng)熟悉”，B選項(xiàng)“所有動(dòng)物和其他生物都要經(jīng)歷老化過(guò)程”，C選項(xiàng)“熱力學(xué)定律在老化過(guò)程中起作用”均與題意不符，故選D。

40.推理判斷題。本文從衰老起始時(shí)間（十二歲）入手，主要介紹了衰老過(guò)程的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。文中通過(guò)引用一些數(shù)據(jù)和使用對(duì)比等手段，說(shuō)明了衰老的過(guò)程、必然性及其與機(jī)械裝置損耗的區(qū)別所在。由此可知，本文屬于說(shuō)明文體。因此B選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明文”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“議論文”，C選項(xiàng)“記敘文”，D選項(xiàng)“描述文”，均不符合題意，故選B。

13.單選題

Architecture,then,isanart,andanyartmustgiveuspleasure,orelseitisbadart,orweareabnormallyblind;weareingeneraltoohardenedand（1）toarchitectureasanart,andtothejoyitmaybringus.It'stheconstantnearness

（2）

architectureduringourentireconsciousexistencethathas

（3）

usinthisway.Weforgetthatitisanartofhereand

（4）

,becauseitiswithuseveryday,and

（5）

wemusthavehousestolivein,weareapttothinkofthem

（6）

asabidingplaces.Thereforewethinkofarchitecture

（7）

somevague,learnedthinghavingtodowithFrenchcathedralsorItalianpalacesorGreektemples,（8）

withNewYorkorChicagostreetsorLosAngelessuburbs.Thisfalsedoctrinehasstrengthenedinusuntiloureyesare

（9）

andourmindsaredeafenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday,andthenweloseallthefinedeeppleasurethatwemight

（10）experiencefromourordinarysurroundings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.uninterested

B.unrelated

C.indifferent

D.insensitive

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.of

C.in

D.from

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.folded

B.blinded

C.sharpened

D.weakened

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.now

B.then

C.there

D.after

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thus

B.therefore

C.that

D.because

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.solely

B.really

C.practically

D.invariably

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.like

C.as

D.for

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.but

C.together

D.not

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.closed

B.dusted

C.blinded

D.dulled

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.otherwise

B.orelse

C.probably

D.alternately

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:A

【解析】第1題:1.D考查形容詞辨析。uninterested不感興趣的；unrelated無(wú)關(guān)的；indifferent冷漠的；insensitive麻木的，無(wú)感覺(jué)的；由hardened冷酷的可知空格處所填單詞意思應(yīng)與其差不多。故D項(xiàng)正確。答案D

第2題:考查介詞辨析。architecture后面的部分做constantnearness的后置定語(yǔ)，故用介詞of修飾，此處意為人們認(rèn)為建筑物總是在那里。答案B

第3題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由orweareabnormallyblind可知此處B項(xiàng)正確。正是因?yàn)槿藗兊倪@種觀(guān)點(diǎn)“建筑物總是在那里”使人們對(duì)建筑物有了誤解。fold折疊；sharpen削尖，磨快；weaken減少，使變?nèi)?。答案B

第4題:考查固定搭配。hereandnow此時(shí)此刻；hereandthere各處；到處。由“becauseitiswithuseveryday建筑物每天都與我們?cè)谝黄稹笨赏浦八晕覀兞?xí)慣認(rèn)為建筑物到處都是，而忘記了建筑物是此時(shí)此刻的藝術(shù)”故hereandnow符合題意。

第5題:考查連詞辨析。由and可知空格處所填單詞與前面的because并列，也是表示原因，故D項(xiàng)正確。再由空格后面的“weareaptto…”也可推斷此空表示一種原因，引出后面的結(jié)果。答案D

第6題:A考查副詞辨析。really實(shí)際上；practically實(shí)際地；invariably總是，不變地。由上文提到的“我們忘記了將建筑物看作是此時(shí)此刻的藝術(shù)”可知此處意為我們僅僅將房子認(rèn)為是不變的地方，A項(xiàng)符合題意。

第7題:考查固定搭配。thinkofsth.assth.“將…看作…”知C項(xiàng)正確，答案C

第8題:考查連詞辨析。由Thisfalsedoctrine及上文“我們將建筑認(rèn)為是與法國(guó)大教堂或意大利宮殿或希臘神廟有關(guān)而與紐約或芝加哥街道或洛杉磯郊外無(wú)關(guān)”。havesomethingtodowith與…有關(guān)。答案D

第9題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由空格后“ourmindsaredeafenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday我們的頭腦對(duì)我們周?chē)趧?chuàng)造的一切美好事物充耳不聞”以及and表示并列關(guān)系可推知我們的眼睛也對(duì)周?chē)拿篮檬挛锉容^遲鈍，感覺(jué)不到這些事物的美。dulled“遲鈍的，無(wú)趣的”；closed“關(guān)著的”；dusted“拂去灰塵的”；blinded“瞎的，不知情的”。故D項(xiàng)正確。

第10題:考查連詞辨析。前面提到我們的眼睛和心靈都屏蔽了建筑物的美。由此可知如果我們改變態(tài)度多體會(huì)的話(huà)，我們可能從普通環(huán)境中體會(huì)到這些深度的美景。A項(xiàng)最符合語(yǔ)義。orelse要不然，否則，其后一般跟完整的句子；probably“大概”；alternately“交替地”。答案Afenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday中的deafened聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)的可推知空格處意為看不見(jiàn)的，故答案為A。eyesareclosed看不見(jiàn)的，閉著眼的。

14.單選題

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography'sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineart,asdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality;photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves——anythingbutmakingworksofart.Inthenineteencentury,photography'sassociationwiththerealworldplaceditinanambivalentrelationtoart;lateinthetwentiethcentury,anambivalentrelationexistsbecauseoftheModernistheritageinart.Thatimportantphotographersarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart,showstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers'disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisornotart.Forexamplethosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thenineteenth-centurydefendersofphotographymentionedinthepassagestressedthatphotographywas（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes‘theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism”astheauthorrepresentsitinthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthereactionofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstothequestionofwhetherphotographyisanart?

5.TheauthorintroduceananalogyAbstractExpressionistpaintersinorderto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.definingtheModernistattitudetowardart

B.explainingtheattitudesofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext.

C.defininghowphotographyemergedasafineartafterthecontroversiesofthenineteenthcentury.

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.atechnologicallyadvancedactivity.

B.anartforobservingtheworldimpartially.

C.anartcomparabletopainting.

D.anartthatwouldeventuallyreplacethetraditionalarts.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Objective

B.Mechanical

C.Dramatic

D.Paradoxical

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thephotographers'beliefthattheirrelianceonanimpersonalmachinetoproducetheirartrequiresthesurrenderoftheauthorityoftheirpersonalvision.

B.Thephotographers'fearthatseriousphotographymaynotbeacceptedasanartbythecontemporaryartpublic.

C.ThePhotographers'beliefthatthebestartissubversiveofartasithaspreviouslybeendefined.

D.Thenotoriousdifficultyofdefiningartinitsrelationtorealisticrepresentation.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.setforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters.

B.provideacontrastagainstseriouscontemporaryphotographers.

C.provideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,notandshouldnotpretendtobeanart.

D.provideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodernart.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講述攝影師先為攝影是否是藝術(shù)而爭(zhēng)辯,后為否定其藝術(shù)而努力。作者主要是為了解釋嚴(yán)肅的當(dāng)代攝影師對(duì)攝影被認(rèn)為是藝術(shù)的態(tài)度,并把他們這些態(tài)度放在歷史的進(jìn)程中來(lái)觀(guān)察。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.”在十九世紀(jì),有人指責(zé)攝影是沒(méi)有靈魂的、機(jī)械地復(fù)制現(xiàn)實(shí)；攝影師們斷言,這是一種特殊的觀(guān)看方式,是對(duì)普通視覺(jué)的反抗,其實(shí)攝影是可與繪畫(huà)媲美的藝術(shù)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“藝術(shù)越好,對(duì)藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)目的的破壞越大?！庇纱丝赏茰y(cè),這種概念是矛盾的。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“除了表明自己的工作與藝術(shù)無(wú)關(guān),重要的攝影師不愿再辯論攝影是不是好的藝術(shù)。他們認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代主義勝利強(qiáng)加給藝術(shù)的概念是理所當(dāng)然：即藝術(shù)越好,對(duì)藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)目的的破壞得越大。”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,那些認(rèn)為通過(guò)拍照可以擺脫繪畫(huà)所表現(xiàn)的藝術(shù)的攝影家,使我們想起那些抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫(huà)家,他們通過(guò)專(zhuān)注于繪畫(huà)的物理行為,想象自己擺脫了古典現(xiàn)代主義繪畫(huà)的思想禁錮。由此可知,作者舉抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫(huà)家的例子是為了說(shuō)明他們像嚴(yán)肅的當(dāng)代攝影師一樣,拒絕承認(rèn)傳統(tǒng)上被接受的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

15.單選題

Thiscan（）somethingthatthestudentsmaynothavecomprehendedinEnglish.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.signify

B.specify

C.clarify

D.testify

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析題。signify“表示；預(yù)示”；specify“指明；詳細(xì)說(shuō)明”；clarify“闡明”；testify“證明”，根據(jù)“學(xué)生們可能沒(méi)有理解的”可知此處應(yīng)該選用動(dòng)詞specify，表示“詳細(xì)的解釋?zhuān)f(shuō)明”，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：這個(gè)能詳細(xì)地解釋一些學(xué)生們可能沒(méi)有理解的英語(yǔ)問(wèn)題。

16.單選題

TheMartTwainBoyhoodHomeandMuseuminHannibal,Missouri,isthe（

）ofthegreatwriter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.restoredchildhoodhome

B.homerestoredofchildhood

C.homewherechildhoodrestored

D.restoredhomeofhischildhood

【答案】A

【解析】句意:馬克吐溫童年故居博物館在密蘇里州的漢尼拔，它也是這位偉大作家整修后的童年故居。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)排列順序。restored“修葺一新的”和childhood“童年時(shí)期”分別做前置定語(yǔ)修飾home。故選A

17.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Massivebuildings,fast-paceddevelopment,andeconomicgrowththatflourishesasmuchasitsgreenery,thebustlingmetropolisofSingaporeoverflowswith__21__businesses,marketsandtrade.Butwhatreallythriveswithinthecityis__22__whattheeyessee.MadeupofChinese,Malay,Indianandvariousotherethnicities,culturalheritageiswhatmakesSingapore,Singapore—acongregationofdifferentcultures__23__inonecongenialspace.

CulturalheritageisanimportantpartofaSingaporean’s__24__.Itishowone__25__theirthoughts,beliefsandwayoflife.Culturalheritageisalso__26__inSingapore’spotpourrioffestivals.Thewarm__27__extendstoneighbors,friendsandfamily,__28__race,__29__orreligion.And__30__differentthesecelebrationsmaybe,theyallhave__31__commonalities:reunions,traditional__32__andwell-wishing.

Culturalheritagemakesand__33__theSingaporeweseetoday.However,withthefastpaceoflifeinacitythatis__34__evolvingtomoveaheadwiththetimes,keepingculturalheritageasan__35__partofeverydaylifeismoreimportantthaneverbefore.To__36__theSingaporeculturalidentity,sometraditionalbusinessesand,multi-generationalfamilybusinessessuchasconfectionaries(糖果)forexample,haverebrandedthemselvesand__37__theirpackagingdesignsinan__38__toappealtothemoresocialmedia-savvygeneration.

WiththeInternet,Singapore’s__39__crafts,recipesandpracticesofthepastarenowmade__40__atone’sfingertips,readytobecelebratedbyanyone,anytime,anywhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.profitable

B.promising

C.problematic

D.professional

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.beyond

B.below

C.behind

D.beneath

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.contradicting

B.coexisting

C.contrasting

D.conflicting

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.policies

B.reputation

C.identity

D.path

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thinks

B.forms

C.develops

D.expresses

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.disposed

B.explored

C.recovered

D.reflected

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.meeting

B.