河南科技大學(xué)201年1碩士研究生入學(xué)考試試題考試科目代碼：211考試科目名稱(chēng)：翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)（如無(wú)特殊注明，所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙上，否則以“0”分計(jì)算）PartIGrammarandVocabulary(30%)A.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence(20%).1.inthepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.lon3illionsofcme,C.erehavingbe，norainrainculalion!involve，a:avesteywerefinished.hadtheybeendoneC.havingbeendonetheyhadbeendone

D.theyweredoneallpractebyihetimeC.whichtheyhappenhehappened6.A8.adviserningitionwi1頁(yè)4.Televisionsenableustoseethingshappenalmostattheexactmomentghentheruulon3illionsofcme,C.erehavingbe，norainrainculalion!involve，a:avesteywerefinished.hadtheybeendoneC.havingbeendonetheyhadbeendone

D.theyweredoneallpractebyihetimeC.whichtheyhappenhehappened6.A8.adviserningitionwi1頁(yè)4.Televisionsenableustoseethingshappenalmostattheexactmomentghentheruuorganizatio1X*T^l-ottolettheshopassistantsguesswhatshereallylikesandwantsuntilIo15D.jt.10.BjrleavingtrainwillnotJeavernntlonehoUrlitereavewellwrittenc13.Georgewasintroducedtoactivitiesatayoungage,whenshewashiretoactasalookoutfordrugdealers.14.Aninstitutionthatproperlycarriesthenameinstitution土A.settlementb；establishment>C.construcuniversityisamorecompveandtructionn18utsibreakdownAh,daydreaming.Isanythingmorepleasantthansittingbackandlettingyourthoughts14.Aninstitutionthatproperlycarriesthenameinstitution土A.settlementb；establishment>C.construcuniversityisamorecompveandtructionn18utsibreakdownAh,daydreaming.Isanythingmorepleasantthansittingbackandlettingyourthoughtsdrift?Well,yes:2lettingyourthoughtsdrift,forone.BecauseaccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScience,peopleareleasthappywhentheirmindswander.[M.KillingsandDanielGilbert,AWanderingMindIsanUnhappyMind]Humans,toadegreeunmatchedbyother3,arecapableofthinkingaboutthingsoutsidethehereandnow—4thathappenedyesterday,orsomethingtheyhopewillhappentomorrow.It'sthatsortofitinerantintellect5allowsustoplanandtolearn.Butatwhatcost?PsychologistsatHarvardusedaniPhoneapptofindout.6randomtimesthroughouttheday,theprogramaskedsome2,200participantswhattheyweredoing,whattheywerethinkingaboutand7theyfelt.Itturnsoutthatpeoplespendnearlyhalftheirwakinghoursthinkingaboutsomethingotherthanwhatthey'redoing.And8whetherandwheretheirthoughtstendto9isabetterpredictoroftheirfeelingsthanwhatthey’reactuallyupto.Thescientistsconcludethatawanderingmindisanunhappymind.10trytofocuson,andlivein,thepresent.Youmightdiscoverthathappinessisjustbeingwhereit’shappening.PartIIReadingComprehension(40%)A.ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbychoosingA,B,C,orD(20%)Braggingaboutyourfancynewcellphoneisafleetingpleasure;afterall,today'scoolestmodelstendtobenextmonth'spaperweights.Bycontrast,thehalf-lifeofacordlessphoneforthehomeis第2頁(yè)(共7頁(yè))第頁(yè)（共7頁(yè)）measuredinyears.Soifyoureallywanttobeaheadofthetechcurve,forgetthecell-phonewarsandcheckoutthenew5.8-GHzcordlessphones.Namedafterthefrequencyoftheradiowave(measuredinbillionsofcyclespersecond)thatcarriesthesignalbetweenthehandsetandthebasestation,5.8-GHzphonespromisemoreclaritybecausetherearefewerdevicesthatoperateonthesamefrequencyandthusfewertocauseinterference.Ifyouhaveacordlessphonethatisacoupleofyearsoldorevenanewonethatcostslessthan$50,chancesareitisa900-MHzmodelthatishighlysusceptibletostaticorbuzzingfrombabymonitors,wirelessspeakersystemsandyourneighbors'900-MHzphones.Thenewer2.4-GHzunits,introducedasanimprovementoverthe900-MHzmodels,dogetlessstatic,butwirelesshomenetworksandmicrowaveovenscanstilltriggerasnap-crackle-popeffect.Notsothe5.8GHz.Sofar,onlyafewcompaniessellthenewmodels,andtheydon'tcomecheap.Uniden'sTRU5865costs$149,whiletheVtech5831is$179.IpreferredtheUnidenbecauseitwasstaticfreebothinsidemyapartmentanduptoablockaway.Itscompactdesignhidestheantennainsidethehandset,andtheglowingorangekeysanddisplaylooksharp.TheVtechgotequallyclearreceptionindoors,butIcouldstrayonlyafewbuildingsdowntheblockbeforebuzzingsetin.Butisitreallyworthanextra$100(ormore)tostepupto5.8GHz?Maybe,whenItriedoutthePanasonicKX-TC1481B,a$39900-MHzmodel,Icouldhearotherconversationsandevenmusiccomingthroughthephone.IgotmuchclearerreceptionwiththeMotorolaMA351,a$602.4-GHzmodel--exceptwhenIturnedonmymicrowaveovenandwasassaultedbyweirdvibratingnoisescomingthroughthehandset.Still,theMotorolaisadecentoptionatafairprice.Nomatterwhichkindofphoneyou'reconsidering,afewotherfactorsareworthkeepinginmind.First,askaboutbatterylife.WhileIlikedthereceptionbestontheUniden,forexample,itcangoonlyfourhoursbetweenchargesvs.eightontheVtech.Next,findoutifthephoneisanalogordigital.Both5.8-MHzphonesaredigital,butthat'snotalwaysthecasewiththemodelsthatuseotherfrequencies,andthismakesthemaneasiertargetforeavesdroppers.Thebestdigitalsusedigitalspread-spectrum(DDS)technology,whichsendsthesignaldownabroadrangeoffrequenciestoensurethatitgetsthrough.Finally,shopatastorethatoffersamoney-backguarantee.Thatwayyoucantorturetestthephoneforafewdays.Then,onceyou'recertaineverything'sO.K.,goaheadandstartbraggingaboutittoallyourfriends.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.ExplainingaphenomenonB.Justifyinganassumption.C.PosingacontrastD.Makingacomparison.WhichofthefollowingcanbeanadvantageofVtechoverUniden?A.AlongerbatterylifeB.Freeofstaticinterference.C.FashionableoutlookD.Compactdesign.Theexpression“susceptibleto”(Line5,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans.A.relevantwithB.adaptabletoC.immunefromD.sensitivetoWhatisthemostdistinctivefeatureof5.8-GHzphones?A.FairerpriceB.HigherclarityC.MoreattractivemodelD.Noeasiertargetforeavesdroppers.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?Itisworthwhiletobuyanyof5.8-GHzphones.Batterylifedeterminesyourselectionofthephone.Theearlieryouboughtthephone,themorestaticinterferenceyougot.5.8-GHzphonesarebecomingpopularwithconsumers.2Ascollegesanduniversitiessendanotherwaveofgraduatesoutintotheworldthisspring,thousandsofotherjobseekerswithliberal-artsdegreeslikeMartin'sfindthemselvesinasimilarbind.Trueenough,thisisaneraofrecord-breakinglowsinunemployment.Buttechnologycompanies,whicharecontributingthelion'sshareofnewjobs,aresimultaneouslydeclaringashortageofqualifiedworkers.Theemphasisisonthewordqualified.It'snosurprisethathigh-techcompaniesrarelyhireliberal-artsgraduates."Ourpeople,ourmarketers,evenourattorneyshavetechnicaltalent,"saysTracyKoon,directorofcorporateaffairsatIntel.Theneedfortechnicalexpertiseissopervasivethatevenretailersaredemandingsuchskills."Company-wide,we'relookingforstudentswithspecificinformation-systemsskills,"saysDavidMcDearmon,directoroffieldhumanresourcesatDollarTreeStores."Typicallyweshyawayfromindependent-collegestudentswhodon'thavethem."FortunatelyforMartin,someinvaluablehelpwasathandwhenheneededit.TheVirginiaFoundationforIndependentColleges,anetworkof15liberal-artscollegesinthestate,hasteamedupwithlocalcompaniestobridgethelearninggapfacedbyitsmembers'graduates.VFICinvited30companies,includingFirstUnionandElectronicDataSystems,tolinktheneedsofbusinesseswiththeskillsbeingtaughtincollegeclassrooms.WithgrantsfromcorporatesponsorslikeAT&T,VFICasked20information-technologymanagerstohelpitsmemberscreateanexam,basedontheworkstudentswillbeexpectedtodointherealworld,totestandcertifytheirtechnologicalproficiency.Theresult,Tek-Xam,isaneight-parttestthatrequiresstudentstodesignawebsite,buildandanalyzespreadsheets,researchproblemsontheInternetanddemonstrateunderstandingoflegalandethicalissues.SaysLindaDalch,presidentofVFIC:"Ifanart-historymajorwantsajobatabank,heneedstoprovehehastheskills.That'swherethiscredentialcanhelp."Thisyear245studentsatVFIC'smembercollegeshavegonethroughtheprogram.Thelong-termhopeisthatTek-XamwillwinthesamekindofacceptanceastheLSATorCPAforlaworaccountingstudents."Toknowastudenthastakentheinitiativeandpassedcouldmeanthatlesstrainingisneeded,"explainsJohnRudin,chiefinformationofficeratReynoldsMetals,oneofthecorporationsthathelpedcreatethetest.Allthisbegsanimportantquestion:Hasthetraditionalliberal-artscurriculumbecomeobsolete?Collegepresidentsnaturallyarguethattheskillstheirschoolsprovideareinvaluable.AB.A.degree,saysMaryBrownBullockofAtlanta'sAgnesScottCollege,"givesgraduatestheabilitytoreinventthemselvestimeandtimeagain...andtheknowledgeandthinkingskillsthattranscendaparticulardisciplineortimeframe."Martinisfindingthattobethetruth."Itwouldbenicetohavecomputerclassesonmytranscript,"hesays,butTek-Xamhasarmedhimwiththepowertolearnthoseskillsonhisown--andacredentialtoshowhehasdoneso.He'snowwaitingtohearwhenhisjobasanetwork-supportassistantforalargeBostonfirmwillstart.Themainproblemmanyliberal-artsstudentsfaceinjobseekingis.toomuchcompetitioninjobmarkettheirlackoftechnicalexpertisecompany’sdiscriminationagainstliberal-artsstudentstherecording-breakingunemploymentrateIhemodernera,technicaltalentmeanseverythinginsecuringajobindependentcollegesarenotgivingtheirstudentspropereducationretailersarefollowingthefashiononlytopromotesalesthereisabigdemandforstudentswithtechnicalskillsTek-Xamisdesignedto.offerVFICmembers’graduatesmorejobopportunitiescompetewithLSATandCPAhelpstudentscopewithrealworldproblemsteststudents’technicalskillsWecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat.liberalartseducationstillprovesvaluabletostudentsB.Tek-XamisgainingwideacceptanceamongemployersandstudentsaliketechnologycompaniesareeagertopromoteTek-Xamcomputerclasseswillbeexcludedfromthecurriculumofliberal-artsstudentsFromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems.positiveB.suspiciousC.pessimisticD.disapprovingReadthefollowingpassageanddecidewhetherthestatementsareTRUE,FALSE,orNOTGIVEN(10%).3There'sadimmerswitchinsidethesunthatcausesitsbrightnesstoriseandfallontimescalesofaround100,000years-exactlythesameperiodasbetweeniceagesonEarth.Sosaysaphysicistwhohascreatedacomputermodelofourstar'score.RobertEhrlichofGeorgeMasonUniversityinFairfax,Virginia,modelledtheeffectoftemperaturefluctuationsinthesun'sinterior.Accordingtothestandardview,thetemperatureofthesun'scoreisheldconstantbytheopposingpressuresofgravityandnuclearfusion.However,Ehrlichbelievedthatslightvariationsshouldbepossible.HetookashisstartingpointtheworkofAttilaGrandpierreoftheKonkolyObservatoryoftheHungarianAcademyofSciences.In2005,Grandpierreandacollaborator,GaborAacutecalculatedthatmagneticfieldsinthesun'scorecouldproducesmallinstabilitiesinthesolarplasma.Theseinstabilitieswouldinducelocalisedoscillationsintemperature.Ehrlich'smodelshowsthatwhilstmostoftheseoscillationscanceleachotherout,somereinforceoneanotherandbecomelong-livedtemperaturevariations.Thefavouredfrequenciesallowthesun'scoretemperaturetooscillatearounditsaveragetemperatureof13.6millionkelvinincycleslastingeither100,000or41,000years.Ehrlichsaysthatrandominteractionswithinthesun'smagneticfieldcouldflipthefluctuationsfromonecyclelengthtotheother.ThesetwotimescalesareinstantlyrecognisabletoanyonefamiliarwithEarth'siceages:forthepastmillionyears,iceageshaveoccurredroughlyevery100,000years.Beforethat,theyoccurredroughlyevery41,000years.MostscientistsbelievethattheiceagesaretheresultofsubtlechangesinEarth'sorbit,knownastheMilankovitchcycles.OnesuchcycledescribesthewayEarth'sorbitgraduallychangesshapefromacircletoaslightellipseandbackagainroughlyevery100,000years.ThetheorysaysthisalterstheamountofsolarradiationthatEarthreceives,triggeringtheiceages.However,apersistentproblemwiththistheoryhasbeenitsinabilitytoexplainwhytheiceageschangedfrequencyamillionyearsago."InMilankovitch,thereiscertainlynogoodideawhythefrequencyshouldchangefromonetoanother,"saysNeilEdwards,aclimatologistattheOpenUniversityinMiltonKeynes,UK.NoristhetransitionproblemtheonlyonetheMilankovitchtheoryfaces.EhrlichandothercriticsclaimthatthetemperaturevariationscausedbyMilankovitchcyclesaresimplynotbigenoughtodriveiceages.However,EdwardsbelievesthesmallchangesinsolarheatingproducedbyMilankovitchcyclesarethenamplifiedbyfeedbackmechanismsonEarth.Forexample,ifseaicebeginstoformbecauseofaslightcooling,carbondioxidethatwouldotherwisehavefounditswayintotheatmosphereaspartofthecarboncycleislockedintotheice.ThatweakensthegreenhouseeffectandEarthgrowsevencolder.AccordingtoEdwards,thereisnolackofsuchmechanisms."Ifyouaddtheireffectstogether,thereismorethanenoughfeedbacktomakeMilankovitchwork,"hesays."Theproblemnowisidentifyingwhichmechanismsareatwork."ThisiswhyscientistslikeEdwardsarenotyetreadytogiveuponthecurrenttheory."Milankovitchcyclesgiveusiceagesroughlywhenweobservethemtohappen.Wecancalculatewhereweareinthecycleandcompareitwithobservation,"hesays."Ican'tseeanywayoftesting[Ehrlich's]ideatoseewhereweareinthetemperatureoscillation."Ehrlichconcedesthis."Ifthereisawaytotestthistheoryonthesun,Ican'tthinkofonethatispractical,"hesays.That'sbecausevariationover41,000to100,000yearsistoogradualtobeobserved.However,theremaybeawaytotestitinotherstars:reddwarfs.Theircoresaremuchsmallerthanthatofthesun,andsoEhrlichbelievesthattheoscillationperiodscouldbeshortenoughtobeobserved.Hehasyettocalculatethepreciseperiodortheextentofvariationinbrightnesstobeexpected.NigelWeiss,asolarphysicistattheUniversityofCambridge,isfarfromconvinced.HedescribesEhrlich'sclaimsas"utterlyimplausible".EhrlichcountersthatWeiss'sopinionisbasedonthestandardsolarmodel,whichfailstotakeintoaccountthemagneticinstabilitiesthatcausethetemperaturefluctuations.Theiceageschangedfrequencyfrom100,000to41,000yearsamillionyearsago.ThesoleproblemthattheMilankovitchtheorycannotsolveistoexplainwhytheiceagefrequencyshouldshiftfromonetoanother.Carbondioxidecanbelockedartificiallyintoseaicetoeliminatethegreenhouseeffect.SomescientistsarenotreadytogiveuptheMilankovitchtheorythoughtheyhaven'tfiguredoutwhichmechanismsamplifythechangesinsolarheating.BothEdwardsandEhrlichbelievethatthereisnopracticalwaytotestw