初中語法復(fù)習(xí)01-時態(tài)【知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖】知識點1一般現(xiàn)在時Ioftendrinkcoffee.Iamfifteen.Heusuallytakesawalkinthepark.Itisabook.Shegoestoschoolbybus.Youarebeautiful.Timstudieshardeveryday.(一)定義：表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。（二）結(jié)構(gòu)：amisare/dodoes（三）動詞變化規(guī)則例詞（1）+sworkworks;cookcooks,runruns,drinkdrinks（2）+es(s,sh,ch,x,o)gogoes;watchwatches;guessguesses,passpasses;push--pushes;fixfixes（3）輔+yiestrytries;flyflies;studystudies（4）havehavehas知識點2一般過去時Yesterdaymorning,Igotuplate.Ilookedoutofthewindow.Itwassunny.MYfriendTimwholivednearmyhouselastmonthcalledmetoplaybasketball.Afterexercise,wewereveryhungry,sowehadlunchtogether.Intheafternoon,westoppedplayingandstudiedhard.（一）定義：表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)（二）結(jié)構(gòu)：1：be動詞的形式：was/were（am,is都是was）2:動詞的形式：動詞的過去式 （三）動詞變化1：規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例子直+edwantwantedplayplayed去e，+ed(或直接加d)Hopehopedlivelived雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加ed(輔音輔)Stopstoppedbegbegged輔音+y:改y為_i__再加__ed_Studystudiedworryworried(注意：重讀閉音節(jié)：一是重讀，二是閉音節(jié)：輔元輔；不重讀單詞例如：borrowed，visited)元音+y:直接加ed,playplayed知識點3一般將來時（一）定義一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可以表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作（二）結(jié)構(gòu)1.willdo（注：will為助動詞）2.begoingtodo（注：goingto永不變）（三）時間狀語（標(biāo)志詞）tomorrow(明天)，thedayaftertomorrow(后天)，nextyear(明年)，nextmonth(下一個月)，nextweek(下一個星期)，inthefuture（將來），later（...之后），soon（不久），in+一段時間（在之后），nexttime（下一次），thisafternoon/evening/weekend（今天下午）知識點4現(xiàn)在進行時（一）定義：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。（二）結(jié)構(gòu)：Be動詞＋動詞ing（am/is/are+doing）（三）動詞變化規(guī)則例詞（1）一般情況+inggo-goingwork-workingsing-singing以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)去e+ingdance-dancingmake-makingtake-taking注：see-seeing倒著數(shù)輔元輔雙寫末尾輔音+ingrun-runningswim-swimminghit-hitting以ie結(jié)尾改ie為y+inglie-lyingtie-tyingdie-dying以y結(jié)尾的直接加ingPlay-playingfly-flying知識點5過去進行時（一）定義表示過去某一時刻或者過去某一時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作.（二）現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式的變換work-workinglisten-listeningwrite-writing,make-making常見雙寫最后一個字母加ing的現(xiàn)在分詞put、stop、shop、forget、get、begin、jog、run、swim特殊變化：lie→lyingdie→dying（三）過去進行時結(jié)構(gòu)①肯定句：主語+was/were+doing+其他。如：Iwasreadingnewspaper.②否定句：主語+wasn't/weren't+doing+其他。如：Iwasn'treadingnewspaper.③一般疑問句：Was/Were+主語+doing+其他？如：Wereyoureadingnewspaper?④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+doing？如：Whatwereyoudoing?知識點6現(xiàn)在完成時定義過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。時間狀語for+一段時間，since+時間點,recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句形式：have/has+done否定句形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+done（四）瞬間動詞與延續(xù)性動詞之間的使用以及轉(zhuǎn)換如果和時間狀語搭配，那么動詞就需要有延續(xù)性。diebedeadbegin/startbeonleavebeawayjoinbeinbuyhaveborrowkeependbeovermakefriendsbefriendsEg，Thefilmbegantenminutesago.=Thefilmhasbeenonsincetenminutesago例題講解：I________onthecomputerwhenJimcametoseemelastnight.A.draw B.drew C.wasdrawing D.amdrawing2.Myfather________onbusinessfortwoweeks.A.left B.hasleft C.hasgone D.hasbeenaway3.CouldyoupleasetellPeterthatIwanttotalktohim?Sure,Iwilllethimknowassoonashe________back.A.comes B.came C.hascome D.willcome4.He’sflowntoQingdaoforsummerholidays,________he?A.isn’t B.wasn’t C.hasn’t D.doesn’t5.I’lldoitbetteriftheteacher________meanotherchance.A.give B.gives C.gave D.willgive課堂練習(xí)：（一）單項選擇1.There________atalkshowonCCTV-4atninethisevening.A.willhave B.isgoingtobe C.isgoingtohave D.isstaying2.Thechildren________aP.E.classontheplaygroundwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.A.have B.arehaving C.had D.werehaving3.Nick________anewcamera.Hehastakenlotsofpictureswithit.A.buys B.isbuying C.bought D.willbuy4..How’sAnnie?I________herforalongtime.A.don’tsee B.won’tsee C.didn’tsee D.haven’tseen5.Myfriend________me.Ihavetoleavenow.A.waitsfor B.waitedfor C.iswaitingfor D.waswaitingfor6.Theastronautistiredthathe_______forelevenhours.A.hasbeenasleep B.hasfallenasleep C.hasgonetobed D.hasgonetosleep7.He_______Luzhouforthreemonths.A.hasleft B.hascometo C.hasgoneto D.hasbeenawayfrom8.Theboyissosadbecausehislovelypet________forfourdays.A.hasdied B.hasbeendead C.isdying D.hasdead（二）完成句子1.千里之行始于足下。（完成譯句）Ajourneyofathousandmiles________________asinglestep.2.哥哥剛剛帶著他的濕毛衣悄無聲息地回來了。（完成譯句）Brother______withhiswetsweater_______amomentago.3.常常彼此坦誠相待使我們的友誼更加堅固。（完成譯句）Beinghonestwitheachotheroften________ourfriendshipeven_________.4.相對于在家上網(wǎng)課，Polly更喜歡待在學(xué)校。（完成譯句）Polly_______stayingatschool_______havingonlineclassesathome.5.Agoodrelationshipwithyourparentscan__81___youabetterandhappierperson.6.Ifitdoesn'tworkafteryou'vetriedeverything,thattherearealwaysthingsyoucan'tchange.7.Here__75__somesignsofsmartpeople.8.Sowheneveryouthinkofthisgame,askyourselfthisquestion,"Whatarethebigstonesinmylife?"________todothesethingsfirstofall.課后練習(xí)：用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Students______(walk)outoftheclassroomnoisilywhentheclasswasover.2.Jack’sdadsaidhe_______(mop)thewaterupatthattime.3.Theheavyrain__________(prevent)himgoingoutlastweekend.4.Everyyear,drivingafterdrinkingwine______(cause)alotoftrafficaccidents.5.I__________(think)therewouldbemanystudentsintheschoolhall,buttomysurprise,whenIarrivedIfoundnone6.Mr.Green_________(wait)fortheshopkeeperbecausehewantstoknowtheprice.7.Iputmy