Lesson51

RewardforVirtue【Newwordsandexpressions】（10）reward n.報(bào)償virtue n.美德diet n.節(jié)食forbid v.禁止hurriedly adv.匆忙地embarrass v.使尷尬guiltily adv.內(nèi)疚地strict adj.嚴(yán)格的reward v.給獎(jiǎng)賞occasionally adv.偶爾地★rewardn.報(bào)償；v.給獎(jiǎng)賞givesb.reward給……報(bào)償rewardsb.withsth.用……獎(jiǎng)賞...rewardsb.forsth.因?yàn)椤o某人獎(jiǎng)賞…rewardhimforthefirstprize★virtuen.美德strongpointsn.長(zhǎng)處，meritn.優(yōu)點(diǎn)shortpointsn.短處，weakpoints弱點(diǎn)★dietn.節(jié)食goonadiet=beonadiet實(shí)行節(jié)食★forbid（forbade，forbidden）v.禁止forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事ForbiddenCity紫禁城(被禁止的城市)；Forbiddenfruit禁果★embarrassv.使尷尬sth.embarrasssb.……讓……感到尷尬Youembarrassedme.你讓我感到尷尬embarrassingadj.令人尷尬；embarrassedadj.感到尷尬embarrassmentn.尷尬Tomyembarrassment…讓我感到尷尬的是……★guiltilyadv.內(nèi)疚地guiltilyconscience問心有愧clearconscience問心無愧★strictadj.嚴(yán)格的bestrictwithsb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格Myfatherisstrictwithme.bestrictinsth.對(duì)……嚴(yán)格★occasionallyadv.偶而地ontheoccasion偶爾sometimes偶爾attimes偶爾offandon偶爾nowandagain偶爾【課文講解】1、Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.things（要用復(fù)數(shù)形式）可以表示“情況，情形，狀況，形勢(shì)”等含義：You’resurelymadethingsworse.Howarethingsgoingonwithyou?get作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以表示“變得”：IgotinterestedinFrench.diet用于表示治療某種疾病或調(diào)節(jié)體重的“特種飲食”、“規(guī)定飲食”時(shí)通常與on連用：Thedoctorputhimonastrictdiet.醫(yī)生讓他嚴(yán)格控制飲食。IoncewentonadietforaweekandthenIgaveup.2、Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.firstofall首先,首要(許多事情中首要的,即最重要的)FirstofallImustseeyourpassport.atfirst首先（句型atfirst…,then…起先……然后……)writeout寫出，（正式）寫，全部寫出Youshouldweriteoutareport.3、ThelistincludedmostofthethingsHughloves:butter,potatoes,rice,beer,milk,chocolate;andsweets.mostof…大部分……include和contain都有“包含”的意思，但contain可以用于表示所包含的全部事物；include則只表示其中的一部分。contain一定是容器里面裝，include則含義更廣，在這里不能用contain。Itincludedthreebagsofsweets.Doesthebillincludeatip?We’reincludingyouinourteam.4、YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.paysb.avisit拜訪某人payavisittosb./someplace拜訪某人/某地.callupsb./atsomeplace拜訪某人/某地haveavisit＝visit5、IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.as…asever像往常一樣，照舊，依然ascleanasever；asquietaseverbesurprisedtodosth./besurprisedatsth.6、Ho(進(jìn)門)；showsb.out(出門)；seesb.off(送行)7、Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.obviously<adv.>＝itwasobviousthat…(it為形式主語(yǔ))顯然……【Keystructures】一般過去時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)常用的兩個(gè)詞是once和recently，recently在表示“最近一段時(shí)期”時(shí)也可以與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。一般過去時(shí)可以用于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，一般過去時(shí)可以用于與最近的打算比較時(shí)?！維pecialdifficulties】RaiseandRise.raise作動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能作及物動(dòng)詞，即它必須跟賓語(yǔ)。它可以表示“舉起，往上提，使……升高”等含義：Willthosewhoagreewithmepleaseraisetheirhands?Whydidtheyraiseprices?Heavyrainshaveraisedtheleveloftheriverthisyear.rise作動(dòng)詞時(shí)通常為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“起立，起床，（日、月等）升起”等含義：You’restillinbedandthesunhasalreadyrisen!Allthestudentsrosewhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.LayandLie.lay（laid，laid）vt.擱，鋪，準(zhǔn)備Ilaidyourclothesonthebedsoyoucouldputthemaway.Ifyoucan’tcookthedinner,youcanatleastlaythetable.lie（lay，lain）vi.躺，平臥Areyougoingtospendthewholemorninglyinginbed?BeatandWin.beatvt.打敗，戰(zhàn)勝，勝過，超過Theybeattheirenemy,thoughtheywerefewerinnumber.Ibeatyou.我打敗了你。