2012年普通高等學校招生統(tǒng)一考試（湖南卷） PartⅠListeningComprehension(30marks)SectionA（22.5marks）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearsixconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Foreachconversation,thereareseveralquestionsandeachquestionisfollowedbythreechoicesmarkedA,BandC.ListencarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerforeachYouwillheareachconversationWhenwillthemagazineprobablyA.Wednesday B.Thursday C.FridayTheanswerisB.ConversationWhendoesthewomanfinishAt B.At C.AtWhatisthemangoingtodoA.SeehisB.WatchanewC.GoforanConversation3.WheredoestheyA.AttheB.AttheC.Atthecommunity4.HowoftendoesthewomanA.OnceaB.ThreetimesaC.FivetimesaConversation5.WhatisthemanA.GettingB.HavinganC.CelebratingaWhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwoA.Parentand B.Husbandand C.CustomerandConversationWhydidthemancomebacklateHewenttotheHemethisHeyedWhatdidthewomandothisA.Shetookaphysics B.Shehada C.SheheldaWhatwillthewomanprobablydoaftertheA.Seeher B.Gotothe C.PrepareConversationWheredidthewomangrowA.In B.Inthe C.InWhichofthefollowingdoesthewomanlikebestaboutA.Its B.Its C.ItsWhatdoesthemanA.A B.A C.AtourConversationWhyisthewomanThemandidn’tThemandidn’tturnThemandidn’tWhoisthemanspeakingA B.A C.AWhenwillthetwospeakersseeeachOn B.On C.OnSectionB（7.5Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.listencarefullyandthenfillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.FillineachblankwithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.YouwillheartheshortpassageSchool·1stfloor:80,000·2ndfloor: kindsofnewspapersandmagazines·Booksforlendingcanbekeptfora byfull-time· _books,newspapersandmagazinescanneverbetakenOpening·Allday·AllyearroundexceptChristmasDayand PartⅡLanguageKnowledge(45marks)SectionA(15marks)Directions:ForeachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence. -Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_theA.covering B.covered C.cover D,tocoverTheanswerisA.We’vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds toachievethefinalA.being B. C.tobe D.toDon’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow laterinA.willbe B.wasbeingrepaidC.hasbeen D.wasTime, correctly,ismoneyintheA.to B. C. D.Bicyclingisgoodexercise; ,itdoesnotpollutetheA. B. C. D.Closethedooroffearbehindyou,andyou thedooroffaithopenbeforeA. B.have C.will D.areEveryoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn’tmatter youhavelivedthereforshortoralongA. B. C. D."Themoment soon,"hethoughttohimself,waitingA. B.has C.was D.is IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA. B. C. D.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI time,IwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithA.have B.had C. D.ItwasnotuntilIcamehere Irealizedthiscewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.A. B. C. D.Thelecture, at7:00pmlazenight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoon A. B.being C.to D.tobehardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyouA. B. C. D.-Irememberyouwereatalentedpianistatcollege.Canyouythepianofor-Sorry, thepianoforA.don't B.wasn't C.haven't D.hadn'tCareofthesoulisagradualprocess eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeA. B.in C. D.in Allthescientificevidence thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarmingdamagingourhealth.A.show; B.shows; C.show; D.shows;PartSectionB(18Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthe"What'sitliketohaveagapbetweenyourteeth?"agirlaskedmeoneNobodyhadever_.36_before.Myhandunconsciouslyrosetocovermymouth.But,asshelookedatme,sincerelywaitingfor37,1realizedshewasnottryingtoberude.ifpeople_38meandsawonlygappyteeth.Laterthatdayathome,Ibeganto39myteethagain.Ifeltupset.Ithoughtmylifewouldbesomehowbetterifmyteethwerenotgappy.HowIwantedtheperfectteeththateveryoneelseseemedtohave!Ofcourse,Mom40everything.Shehaslivedherentirelifewithgappyteeth,andtriedtoconvincemethattherewasnothingto41.WhenIrefusedtolisten,shetoldmeIcouldgetthesurgerytoclosethegapifitwasthatimportant."Let'sbe42,though,"shesaid."Ifeveryonegotsurgeriesto epretty,everyonewouldbeexactlythesame.Thereisbeautyindifferences."Her43mademeconsidermyteethseriously.Thethoughtoflosingmygapwasmoreterriblethantherealitythatpeopleweregoingtonoticeit.Irealizedhowimportantitwastome.Itispartofmy44_.Nowadaysmanypeopledoridiculousthingstorealizetheirdreamof"perfection."The45_isthatnooneisperfect.Whenallpotentialforuglinessisremoved,soisallofthepotentialfor46.Soifthatgirleveraskedaboutmyteeth47,Iwouldtruthfullyanswer."YouIt'sreallyA. B. C. D.A.an B.an C.a D.aAheard B.thought C.talked D.lookedA. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A.worry B.put C.give D.wipeA. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.SectionC(12Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Keeintouchwithourfriendsisanimportantpartoffriendship.Thisdoesnotmeanthat48havetowriteorcallourfriendseveryday.Itdoesmean,however,thatwe49careenoughaboutourfriendstofindouthowtheyarengfromtimetotime.Peoplehavedifferenthabitsaboutkeeintouchwithothers.Someliketocalltheirfriends,sometimesmanytimes50day.Othersprefertoe-mailtheirfriends.Still51preferwritingletterssothattheycanincludephotosorinterestingarticles52theenvelopesalongwiththeirletters.Someevenwritepostcardswhiletheyareonvacation53sendthemtoEverykindofcommunicationisimportant.Itis54importantwhatkindofcallwemakeorletterwesend.55isimportantisthatweletothersknowwecareaboutthem.PartⅢReadingComprehension(30Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished.statementsForeachofthemtherearefourchokesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.Whatmakesagiftspecial?Isitthepriceyouseeonthegiftreceipt?Orisitthelookontherecipient'sfacewhentheyreceiveitthatdeterminesthetruevalue?WhatgiftisworththeThisChristmasIwasdebatingwhattogivemyfather.Mydadisahard tobuyforbecauseheneverwantsanything.IpulledoutmyphonetoreadatextmessagefrommymomsayingthatwewereleavingforChristmasshopforhimwhenIcameacrossamessageonmyphonethatIhadlocked.Themessagewasfrommyfather.MyeyesfellonaphotoofaflowertakeninWyoming.andunderneathapoembyWilliamBlake.Theflower,alonedandelionstandingagainstthebrightbluesky,inspiredme.MydadhadbeenrecitingthosewordstomesinceIwasakid.ThatmayevenbethereasonwhyIlovewriting.Idecidedthatthosewordswouldbemygifttomyfather.Icalledback.ItoldmymomtogowithoutmeandthatIalreadycreatedmygift.Isentthephotoofthecream-coloredflowertomycomputerandtypedthepoemontopofit.AsIwasarrangingthedetailsanotherpoemcametomind.ThepoemwaswrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe;mydadreciteditasmuchashedidtheother.Itypedthatoutaswellandsearchedonlineforabackgroundtothewordsofit.Thepoemwasfocusedarounddreaming,andaftersearchingIfoundtheperfectpicture.Theimagewaspaintedwithbluesandgreensandpurples,twistingtogethertocreatethethemeandwonderofadream.AsIwatchedbothpoemspassingthroughtheprinter,thewhitepapercoloringwithwordsthatshapedmychildhood.Ifeltthatthiswasagiftthatmyfatherwouldtrulyappreciate.Christmassoonarrived.TheminuteIsawthelookonmydad'sfaceasheunwrappedthoseswirlingblackletterscarefullycedinacheapframe,IknewIhadgiventheperfectTheideaforaspecialgiftbegantoformwhentheauthor A.ngshopB.havingaC.readinga D.leavingforTheauthor'sinspirationforthegiftcamefromaphotoofa B.astoryaboutaC.acallfromthe D.atextaboutTheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3referstoapoembythe B.theC.William D.EdgarAllanTheauthormadethegiftbysearchingforthepoems B.drawingthebackgroundbyC.paintingthelettersinthree D.matchingthewordswithWhatisthemainpurposeoftheToshowhowtodesignimagesforTosuggestmakinggiftsfromone'sToexinhowcomputershelpcreateTodescribethegiftstheauthorhasStillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?Therearesomeceswhichareprobablyamerewalkawayfromyourcollege.King'sArtAdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibitionoftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporarysonshowanywhere.ThisweekendteestheopeningofexhibitionoffourlocalYoucouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto'learnfromthemasters'orgetmorecreativewithpaint----ofcharge.TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallTheBotanicTheGardenhasover8,000ntspecies;itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingntsforCambridgeUniversity.Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanntproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.GettothedisyhousetoseeDionaeamuscipula,antmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.TheGardenisalsoaceforwildlife-enthusiasts.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled'HissingSid'isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.Byron'sin1805,hewrotealettercominingthatitwasaceof"messanddrunkenness".However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I'mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisroans.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.ItisalsosaidthatonoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron'sPool.AcoupleofpastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon'ttrustme,thenperhapsyou’lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolfoveracenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.Asmentionedinthepassage,thereisasmallchargeforattendingthemasters' B.workingwithlocalC.learninglife D.seeingan"TorchAloe"and"VenusFlytrap"arecommon B.impressiveC.rarely-seen D.wildlife-WecaninferfromthepassagethatByronseemedtofearpet B.tolikeC.tobeaheavy D.tofinishuniversityinInthepassageByron'sPoolisdescribedasalake.A.surroundedby B.ownedbyLordC.locatedin D.discoveredbyVirginiaWhatisthepassagemainlySomecesforweekend B.Away ecreativeinC.Thecolourfullifeinthecountryside.D.UnknownstoriesofCambridgeHarvardresearchershavecreatedatough,low-cost,biodegradable(可生物降解的materialinspiredbyinsects'hardouterss.Thematerial'sinventorssayithasanumberofpossibleusesandsomedaycouldprovideamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativetostic.Thematerial,madefromshrimp('蝦)ssandproteinsproducedfromsilk,iscalled"shrilk."Itisthin,clear,flexibleandstrong.Amajorbenefitofthematerialisitsbiodegradability.stic'stoughnessandflexibilityrepresentedarevolutioninmaterialsscienceduringthe1950sand'60s.Decadeslater,however,stic'sverydurability(耐用性)israisingquestionsabouthowappropriateitisforone-timeproductssuchassticbags,orshort-livedconsumergoods,usedinthehomeforafewyearsandthencastintoalandfillwheretheywilldegradeforcenturiesWhatisthepointofmakingsomethingthatlasts1,000years?Shrilknotonlywilldegradeinalandfill,butitsbasiccomponentsareusedasfertilizer(肥料),andsowillenrichthesoil.Shrilkhasgreatpotential,theinventorssaid.Materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnature,foundineverythingrangingfromshrimpss,insectbodiestolivingnts.Thatmakesshrilklowcost,anditsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedforproductsdemandingalotofmaterial.Workonshrilkiscontinuinginthelab.Theinventorssaidthematerial esflexiblewhenwet,sothey'reexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.They'realsodevelosimplerproductionprocesses,whichcouldbeusedfornon-medicalproducts,likeforcomputercasesandotherproductsinsidethehome.They'reevenexploringcombiningitwithothermaterials,likecarbonfibers,togiveitnewproperties.ParagraphIofthepassageismainlyaboutshritk'sremarkable B.interestingC.major D.basicWhat eaconcernaboutUsingit B.ProducingitC.Develoitspropertiesquickly.,D.EvaluatingitscontributionsAccordingtotheinventors,shrilkhasgreatpotentialpartlybecauseitcanhelpstic B.itcanbefoundinlivingC.itsmassproductionhasbeenrealizedD.itsrawmaterialsareabundantinWhataretheinventorsngintheRecingcarbonfiberswithTestingahrilk'suseinwetMakingshrilkoutofusedhouseholdImprovingshrilk'sflexibilityformedicalWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitlefortheRecentProgressinEnvironmentalBenefitsofInsectsinScientificTheHarmofOne-timeAPossibleAlternativetoPartIV Writing(45marks)SectionA(10marks)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.FillinthenumberedblanksbyusinginformationfromtheWriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachSincetheearliestcivilizationspeoplehavecontrolledriverstomeetsociety'sdemands.Today,riversarecontrolledformanyreasons,primarilytomaintainreliablewatersfordaily,agriculturalandindustrialneedsforpowergeneration,fornavigation(航行andtopreventflooding.Rivercontrolisachievedbychannelization,atermthatcoversarangeofriverengineeringworks,includingwidening,deepening,straighteningandstabilizationofbanks,andbytheconstructionofdams.AnimportantperiodofchannelizationtookceinEuropeduringthel9'thcentury,whenmanylargeriverswerestraightenedandtheirbedsdeepened.OneofthemostdramaticallychangedwastheTiszaRiver,abranchoftheDanubethatflowsthroughHungary.ThecontrollingoftheTisza,designedtoreducefloodingandmakelandforagricultureincludedcuttingoffmorethan100meanders河曲shorteningtheriver'slengthbynearly400kilometers.Oneofthemostcommonwaysinwhichpeoplecontrolriversisbydammingthem.Thepast50yearsorsohasseenanincreaseindamconstructionworldwide,andatthebeginningofthe21stcentury,therewereabout800,000damsglobally,sometoweringmorethan200metersinheight.Despitetheirsuccesses,manydamsalsocausesignificantenvironmentalchangesthatproveharmful.Someparticularlydeepreservoirs水庫)canbringaboutearthquakesduetothestressontheirbottomrockscausedbyhugevolumesofwaterDownstreamofareservoir,theriveriscertainlyinfluencedinmanyways:watervolume,speedandqualityareallaffected,leadingtochangesinthelandscapeandamongntsandanimals. ·problems:causingharmfulchangesto ·engineering·widening, · river·anexample:the_78oftheTiszabynearlytostopriversfrom75to73adequatewaterdailylife, andindustrypowerSectionB(10Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.Awiseteacheroncetoldmethateveryteenagerneedstoexperienceanot-so-funfirstjobfromworkingatagrocerystoretothefastfoodindustry.NowIstillremembermyfirstdayatafastfoodrestaurantthreeyearsago.Iwantedtosaveupmoneyandbuymyowncar,soIappliedeverywhereIcouldthatsummer.TherestaurantcalledmerightawayandIthoughttomyself,thisisgoingtobeeasyWithinfourhoursofmyfirstshift(.輪班)，IhadangrycustomerswhocominedhowslowIwas.Iwatchedinfearasakidspilledhismilkeverywhere,andIheardthewordsthatno16-year-oldboyoranyoneforthatmatterwantstohear:"Mike,there'saprobleminthemen'sbathroomandyoumightwantglovesforthisone."Irealizedrightawaythatworkingattherestaurantwasnotgoingtobeaic.Themanagerexpectedacleanenvironmentand,particularl