過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)【教學(xué)內(nèi)容】過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】熟練掌握過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別【教學(xué)過(guò)程】*過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。過(guò)去分詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)可以作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步、原因、結(jié)果等。*動(dòng)詞的-ed形式：與句中主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系一、表示時(shí)間動(dòng)詞的-ed形式可置于句首，也可置于句尾，有時(shí)還可以置于主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間例：當(dāng)問(wèn)到有關(guān)他的家庭情況時(shí)，他沒(méi)有回答。.Whenhewasaskedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.—Askedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.—He,askedabouthisfamily,madenoanswer.—Hemadenoanswer,askedabouthisfamily.【活學(xué)活用】把下列狀語(yǔ)從句改為過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).Whenhewasaskedwhyhewaslate,hewentred.第1頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)—Askedwhyhewaslate,hewentred..Whenwaterisheated,waterchangesintosteam.—Heated,waterchangesintosteam.二、表示條件表?xiàng)l件的狀語(yǔ)常位于句首例：從遠(yuǎn)處看，這個(gè)村莊看上去更漂亮。1.IfthevillageisSeeninthedistance,thevillagelooksmorebeautiful.—Seeninthedistance,thevillagelooksmorebeautiful.【隨即隨練】把下列狀語(yǔ)從句改為過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)1.Ifweweregivenmoretimeandmoney,wewouldhavedonetheworkbetter.—Givenmoretimeandmoney,wewouldhavedonetheworkbetter.2.IfIwascomparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.—Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.三、表示原因表示原因的分詞短語(yǔ)一般置于句首，偶爾置于句尾或句中例：1.由于傷得嚴(yán)重，只好把他送往醫(yī)院。Becausehewasseriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentohospital.—Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentohospital.第2頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)【小試牛刀】把下列狀語(yǔ)從句改為過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)l.Becausethechildrenweredeeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.—Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.2.Thechildlearnsfast,becausethechildiswellbroughtupbyhisparents.—Thechildlearnsfast,wellbroughtupbyhisparents.四、表示伴隨/方式這種狀語(yǔ)可置于句首、句中或句尾綜上所述，試著把下列的狀語(yǔ)從句改為過(guò)去分詞作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ).獵人在森林里慢慢走著，后面跟著一條狗。Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforestandhewasfollowedbyhisdog.—Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest,followedbyhisdog.—Followedbyhisdog,thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest.—Thehunter,followedbuhisdog,walkedslowlyintheforest..他失望地走開了。Hewentaway,disappointed.—Hewentawayandhewasdisappointed.五、表示讓步嘗試把下列狀語(yǔ)從句改為用過(guò)去分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)第3頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)1.雖然被對(duì)方的隊(duì)打敗了，但我們并沒(méi)有灰心而是相互鼓勵(lì)。Thoughwewerebeatenbytheoppositeteam,wedidn,tloseheartandencouragedeachother.—Beatenbytheoppositeteam,wedidn,tloseheartandencouragedeachother.2.雖然受傷了，但那個(gè)勇敢的戰(zhàn)士依然繼續(xù)作戰(zhàn)。Wounded,thebravesoldiercontinuedtofight.—Thoughhewaswounded,thebravesoldiercontinuedtofight.*特別提示*①根據(jù)需要，-ed形式前面也可加上when,while,until,once,though,although,aslongas,solongas,unless,asif,asthough,evenif,eventhough等連詞例：1.Whenaskedifhehadanydrugswithhim,heclaimedhewasclean.當(dāng)問(wèn)他身上是否藏有毒品時(shí)，他聲稱沒(méi)有。.Unlessinvited,Iwon,tattendtheget-together.除非受到邀請(qǐng)，否則我不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。.Theboylefttheplayhousewithoutbeingseen.這個(gè)男孩離開了游戲室沒(méi)有被人發(fā)現(xiàn)。②有些過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示人的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。常見(jiàn)的有：satisfied,surprised,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed等。第4頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)例：l.Disappointedattheexaminationresults,thegirlstoodtherewithoutsayingaword.因?yàn)閷?duì)考試結(jié)果很失望，小女孩站在那兒一句話也沒(méi)說(shuō)。.Finallytheyarrivedthehotel,tiredandhungry.最后，他們到達(dá)了那家賓館，又累又餓。③過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)要一致。例:小偷如果被抓，會(huì)受到警方的處理。1.Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.（誤）2.Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.（正）【牛刀小試】判斷下列句子的正誤.Foundhimangry,Ibegantotelljokes.（x）（found與I在這個(gè)句中不是被動(dòng)關(guān)系）.Findinghimangry,Ibegantotelljokes.（v）.Lookingaround,therewasnoonenearby.（x）（lookaround的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是noone，故本句不成立）.Lookingaround,Ifoundtherewasnoonenearby.（v）▼動(dòng)詞的-ing形式、動(dòng)詞的-ed形式和不定式皆可作狀語(yǔ)，區(qū)別如下：1）表方式或伴隨時(shí)作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常用動(dòng)詞的-ed形式，習(xí)慣上不用-ing形式一般式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即不用beingdone形式第5頁(yè)洪11頁(yè)例：l.Manyparentswerewalkingaboutthezoo,followedbytheirchildren.很多父母在動(dòng)物園里游玩，后面緊跟著自己的孩子。2.Ledbyaschoolgirl,theblindmancrossedtheroad.這個(gè)盲人由一個(gè)女學(xué)生領(lǐng)著穿過(guò)了馬路。2）表示時(shí)間作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的-ed形式如果同時(shí)表示被動(dòng)和完成，?？蓳Q用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)完成式；如果只表示被動(dòng)，不表示完成，則不可換用。例：1.Readmanytimes（=havingbeenredmanytimes）,thecrabbedstoryseemsmucheasier.讀過(guò)多遍，這個(gè)深?yuàn)W的故事似乎變得容易多了。（表示被動(dòng)和完成）2.Seenfromthetopofthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.從山頂上看，這個(gè)公園顯得更加美麗。（表示被動(dòng)）3）表示“為了……”，常用不定式作狀語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作時(shí)間相比，是將來(lái)。例：Tosleeplateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm為了明天早上可以睡得晚點(diǎn)，Bob把鬧鐘關(guān)了?！倦S堂練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇.“Youcan,tcatchme!”Janeshouted, Baway.A.run B.running C.torun第6頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)

D.ran.ATohospitalintime,thewoundedsoldiersweresavedatlast.A.Taken B.Taking C.HavingtakenD.Beingtaken.Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,Batthenightsky.A.tostare B.staring C.staredD.havingstared.Lastnight,IsawWeiweilyinginbed,Aindeepthought.A.lost B.losing C.toloseD.beinglost.HewenttobedB.Thenextmorninghewokeuponlyhimselflyingonthefloor.A.drinking;tofind B.drunk;tofind C.beingdrunk;findingD.todrink;finding. B Thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.A.Approaching B.Approached C.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached.Tomtookataxitotheairport,onlyBhisplanehighupinthesky.A.findingB.tofind第7A.findingB.tofind第7頁(yè)洪11頁(yè)C.beingfoundD.tohavefound.Abyagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.A.Driven B.Beingdriven C.TodriveD.Havingdriven.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happyAanythingthathappenedtobeon.A.towatch B.watching C.watchedD.tohavewatched.Dtime,he,llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.Havinggiven B.Togive C.GivingD.Given【課后練習(xí)】一、單項(xiàng)選擇.WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,BmestoriestillIfeelasleep.A.havingtoldB.tellingC.toldD.totell2.Hesatontheplatform,Ctoanswerthequestion.A.prepareB.preparingA.havingtoldB.tellingC.toldD.totell2.Hesatontheplatform,Ctoanswerthequestion.A.prepareB.preparing第8頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)C.preparedD.toprepare.BintoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.Translating B.Translated C.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated.Georgereturnedafterthewar,onlyAthathiswifehadlefthim.A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtoldD.told.WewereastonishedBthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.A.finding B.tofind C.findD.tobefound.COurselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.A.Havingfreed B.Freed C.TofreeD.Freeing.Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycameAback.A.flooding B.toflood C.floodD.flooded.AWiththesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.第9頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)

A.WhencomparedB.TocompareC.WhileA.WhencomparedB.TocompareC.Whilecomparing D.Itcompared.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,Aitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.A.making B.made C.tomakeD.havingmade.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,Ballfourpeopleonboard.A.killed B.killing C.killsD.tokill二、語(yǔ)法填空(每空最多填三詞)Toearn(earn)s