（7）歷史文化類

、

Doublingaseducationalcentersandconservationcenters,museumsplayanimportantrole

intheprotectionof1.Althoughtheseinstitutions（機(jī)構(gòu)）2insizeandspecialty,

thetaskofmostmuseumsisaroundthedisplayandcareoftheircollections.

Today,manymuseumsareamongthemostvisited3intheworld.Inordertofigure

outhowthisimportantculturalphenomenoncametobe,itisimportanttounderstanditsorigins

andtracehowitsrolehas4overtime.

Thewordmuseum5from"mouseion",theGreektermfor"aholyplaceforthe

Muses".InclassicalGreekmythology,thenineMusesarethegoddessesoftheartsandsciences,

makingthemperfectprotectorsforthese6institutions.

Earliestmuseumswereprivatecollectionsandwereonlyaccessibletoanarrowcircleof

people.Theydisplayed7andcuriousnaturalobjectsandworksofart.Someofthem

even8"wonderrooms"or"cabinetsofcuriosities".

In1683,anEnglishmannamedEliasAshmoledonatedthecontentsofhiswonderroomto

OxfordUniversity,formingthe9oftheAshmoleanMuseum.Believingthat"the

knowledgeofNatureisverynecessarytohumanlifeandhealth,"Ashmolewantedto10

thepublicthroughhisunprecedented（前所未有的）donation.Followinghisfootsteps,many

like-mindedcollectorsacrossEuropeshiftedtheirfocusfrom11usetopublicaccessin

thelate17thand18thcenturies.Duringthistime,world-classmuseumsbegantomaketheirart

collectionsaccessibletothepublic.Theopeningoftheseinstitutions12astringof

similarmovementsinthe19thcentury.

Today,theimportanceofpublicinstitutionsisstrongerthaneverbefore.13taking

careofcollectionsandmakingthemaccessibletothepublic,manymuseumsareusingnew

technologiestoimprovetheirpublicprograms,14theircollections,andsharetheir

research.Withthesemodernmethods,museumsareableto15audiencesinnewways

andextendtheirtasksbeyondtheirwalls.

l.A.tourismB.architectureC.religionD.culture

2.A.formB.varyC.respondD.improve

3.A.sitesB.statesC.palacesD.entrances

4.A.developedB.exploredC.remainedD.explained

5.A.escapesB.benefitsC.originatesD.differs

6.A.newly-builtB.knowledge-basedC.carefully-chosenD.theory-guided

7.A.commonB.familiarC.similarD.rare

8.A.caredaboutB.servedasC.referredtoD.reliedon

9.A.basisB.structureC.destinationD.position

10.A.raiseB.trainC.admireD.educate

11.A.specialB.scientificC.privateD.regular

12.A.featuredB.indicatedC.celebratedD.inspired

13.A.OppositetoB.InsteadofC.InadditiontoD.Thanksto

14.A.digitizeB.industrializeC.organizeD.localize

15.A.introduceB.engageC.identifyD.select

二、閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最

佳選項(xiàng)。

Manywesternculturesmeasuretheirdayswiththesolarcalendar.Therefore,

they1thecomingoftheNewYearonJanuary1.CulturesinAsiaandtheMiddleEastuse

othercalendarsandcelebratetheNewYearatothertimes.Eventsandrituals2from

countrytocountry.Butineachplace,NewYearcelebrationsareabig3.

MostworldcultureshavebeencelebratingtheNewYearforcenturies.TheearliestNew

Yearcelebrationstookplaceduringspringor4time.With5weatherahead,orplenty

offoodtoeatinwinter,people6feltlikehavingaparty!Asthedaysbecamelongerandas

naturereneweditself,peoplealsofeltliketheycouldhaveanewstart.TheNewYearcouldbring

betterfortune,moreopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Such7themesremainthesame

today.

Somecultureshave8NewYeartraditions.Italiansthrowoldthingsoutoftheir

windowsatmidnight,symbolizingthe9oftheold.Mexicansfiregunsintotheairtoward

off10.Danesjumpoffchairsexactlyastheclock11midnight,sotheycan"jump"

intotheNewYear.GreekchildrenleavetheirshoesbythefireplaceonNewYear'sDay.Theyhope

“SantaClaus"willcomeandfilltheshoeswith12,InVancouver,Canada,somepeople

celebratetheNewYearbyjumpingintotheocean.Theweatherisfreezingcold!Asyoumight

expect,mostpeoplecometowatchtheswimmers13swimthemselves.

LondonhostsanannualNewYear'sDayparadethat14nearlyamillionspectators.

ThelargestparadeinEurope,itfeaturesbands,floatsandenormousballoons.Theseballoonsare

sohugethatthey15overnearbybuildings!

1.A.observeB.noticeC.expectD.decide

2.A.happenB.developC.varyD.hold

3.A.burdenB.reunionC.deal□.success

4.A.winterB.harvestC.labor□.leisure

5.A.colderB.changeableC.extreme□.better

6.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.occasionally□.exactly

7.A.uniqueB.challengingC.interesting0.universal

8.A.unusualB.shockingC.sillyD.typical

9.A.comingB.departureC.failureD.dying

10.A.animalsB.misfortuneC.enemies0.poverty

ll.A.reachesB.ringsC.strikesD.shows

12.A.kissesB.loveC.fortuneD.gi代s

13.A.aswellasB.soastoC.otherthanD.ratherthan

14.A.drawsB.requiresC.vides

15.A.watchB.exceedC.tower0.contain

三、閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡

上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Everycultureontheplanethascertaintopicsthatpeopleavoiddiscussing.Butthetaboos

（禁忌）ofoneculturemaybeverydifferentfromthoseofanother.Youmaybe1that

peoplefromotherculturessaywhatyoucan'ttalkabout.

Payingattentiontowhatpeopledon't2canteachussomethingimportantabout

theirculture.Theirtabootopicsgiveuscluesaboutwhattheyvalue,respectorevenfear.Topics

thatareconsideredtoopersonalortoocontroversial（有爭(zhēng)議的）mayalsobeavoided.

Americaisfulloftabootopics.Usually,duringapoliteconversation,Americans

will3bothpoliticsandreligion.Theyalsoavoidtalkingaboutracialissues.

Why?Becausethesetopicscancausestrongopinionsand4Americansbelieveit's

besttoavoidthem—especiallyatsocialgatherings.

ManyAmericansalsodonotfeel5talkingabouttheirpersonalincome,ageor

health.6,theyprefertomakesmalltalksabouttheweather,sportsorcommoninterests.

WhatdothesetaboostellusaboutAmerican7?Forone,theyshowthatAmericans

placeimportanceon8.Americacertainlyisn'ttheonlyplacethatvaluesit.Youwill

find9taboosaboutaskingpersonalquestionsinmanyEuropeancountries."Thisis

especiallytrueinGermany,"saysHannaGraf,aGermanlivinginShanghai."InGermany,youare

notsupposedtoaskaboutotherpeople'spersonalbusiness/'shesays."Butthereare

no10rulesaboutwhatyoucan'task;it'sjustinpeople'sminds."

InBrazil,11,almostanythingseemsopentodiscussion."Brazilianstalkaboutallkinds

ofpersonalissues,"saysMarkQuinlan,whogrewupinBrazil.Butofcourse,evenBrazilhasits

owntaboos.InBrazil,socceristheonetopicthatcanturnfriendsintoenemies.Brazilianslove

thesport.Sayinganything12aboutsoccercancausebigtrouble.Evenexpressing

preferenceforoneteamoveranothercanbe13.

LikeBrazilians,Australianstalkfreelyaboutalmostanything.However;theydonottalk

abouttheirpersonalorbusiness14.Theyprefertoletpeoplejudgethembytheiractions,

nottheirwords.Boastingyourachievementswillonlymakeyouthe15ofotherpeople's

jokes.

Andwhataboutyourtaboos?Thenexttimeyouhaveaconversation,payattentiontowhat

isn'tsaid.Youmightbeamazedatwhatyoulearnaboutyourownculture.

1.A.excitedB.surprisedC.fascinated□.relieved

2.A.stressB.considerC.desireD.discuss

3.A.ruleoutB.taketoC.touchuponD.focuson

4.A.argumentsB.interactionsC.agreements□.relationships

5.A.embarrassedB.confusedC.relaxed□.disappointed

6.A.BesidesB.OccasionallyC.Frankly□.Instead

7.A.valuesB.featuresC.statusesD.dreams

8.A.cultureB.independenceC.privacy□.freedom

9.A.giantB.uniqueC.similar0.aggressive

10.A.specializedB.basicC.common0.written

ll.A.moreoverB.howeverC.thereforeD.anyhow

12.A.superB.worthlessC.magical□.negative

13.A.beneficialB.impressiveC.dangerous□.emotional

14.A.achievementsB.secretsC.lives□.failures

15.A.audienceB.designerC.target□.interpreter

四、

Thestageandfilmsarethemajorformsofentertainmentformillionsofpeople.Thoughthe

stagepossessesamuchlongerhistory,filmsnowholdgreater1forpeople.Thereis,

however,astrong2betweenthetheaterandthecinema,andbothplaysandfilmshave

theirrespective3

Playscontinuetoattractaudiencebecausetheyprovideaslightly4formof

entertainmentfromthatprovidedbyfilms.Thereismore5onactingandonthepersonal

relationshipcreatedbetweentheactorandthe6Thereisapersonalelementinthetheater

whichislackinginthecinema.7theaudiencecangoalongtothetheatreweekafterweek

andenjoywatchingtheirfavoriteactorstakingdifferent8

Manyfilmswhichhavebeen9fromstageplayshavenotbeensuccessful.Forexample,

thereishardlyonefilmofaShakespeareplaythatmatchesthe10playonthestage.

"HamleC"Macbeth","HenryIV*'and"RichardHI"haveallbeenmadeintoextremelygoodfilms.

YetIdoubtifonecriticwouldarguethattheyareinanywaybetterthanthe

ordinary11versions(版本).Themajorityofpeoplewouldagreethattheseplaysare

much12whenperformedonthestage,as13byShakespeare.Otherplays,too,

have14asfilmssimplybecausetheyarespeciallywrittenforthestage—a(n)15form

onitsown.

l.A.impressionB.fameC.appeal□.position

2.A.differenceB.concernC.focus□.connection

3.A.advantagesB.approachesC.sources□.descriptions

4.A.similarB.differentC.newD.fresh

5.A.satisfactionB.dependenceC.stress□.thought

6.A.directorB.authorC.cameramanD.audience

7.A.OtherwiseB.MoreoverC.However0.Therefore

8.A.jobsB.measuresC.roles□.action

9.A.adaptedB.revisedC.shownD.affected

10.A.previousB.famousC.classic□.original

ll.A.TVB.radioC.filmD.stage

12.A.worseB.betterC.perfectD.romantic

13.A.designedB.directedC.matchedD.played

14.A.succeededB.failedC.performedD.acted

15.A.separateB.majorC.averageD.familiar

五、

"Therearetwokindsofpeopleintheworld-peoplewholovePekingOperaandpeoplewho

don'tknowtheylovePekingOperayet,"saidWangPeiyuintheopeningsectionofherlatest

12-episode（集）online1"Myjobistoletthe2knowaboutPekingOperaandthenfallin

lovewithit."

TheweeklytalkshowseesWang,whoisoneofthe3PekingOperaartistsinChina,

explainthetraditionalartformand4itsappeal.

Witha（n）5ofvariousartforms,includingsinging,dancing,andmartialarts（武術(shù)），Peking

Opera,hasalonghistory6backtothe19thcentury.In2010,UNESCO7itanIntangible

CulturalHeritageofHumanity（非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）.

Likemanytraditionalartforms,itischallengedbypopularentertainmentandislosingits

audience,especiallyamongtheyoungergeneration.

Wangistryingtochangethe8Shehasabout1.6millionfollowersonmicro-blogging

platformSinaWeiboandhasbuiltupalargefanbaseamongyoungpeoplewith

her9techniquesandcharm.

Eachepisode,about30minuteslong,10Wangintroduceheruniqueknowledgeabout

PekingOperawithaparticular11suchasthemakingofaPekingOperastar;the12of

preparingforaperformance,andamusingstoriesabouttheage-oldart.Sheuses13direct

andhumorouslanguageto14theaudience.

Onefancommented:"AllIknewaboutPekingOperawasthepainted（5,butthanksto

Wang'sshow,InowknowmoreabouttheartformandIlookforwardtowatchingalive

performanceinthetheatre.',

l.A.serviceB.showC.business□.advertisement

2.A.fansB.formerC.studentsD.latter

3.A.hard-workingB.best-sellingC.warm-heartedD.strong-willed

4.A.displayB.winC.change□.understand

5.A.competitionB.classificationC.combination□.explanation

6.A.goingB.expandingC.lookingD.pulling

7.A.namedB.declaredC.gaveD.found

8.A.operaB.trendC.world0.performance

9.A.basicB.literaryC.strangeD.solid

lO.A.seesB.noticesC.develops0.expresses

ll.A.noteB.starC.themeD.guest

12.A.aimB.failureC.necessity□.process

13.A.complexB.professionalC.simple□.native

14.A.beusedtoB.jokewithC.arguewithD.appealto

15.A.mouthB.eyesC.nosesD.face

八、

Boxingisapopularsportthatmanypeopleseemtobefascinatedby.Newspapers,magazines

andsportsprogrammesonTVfrequently1boxingmatches.Professionalboxersearnalotof

money,andsuccessfulboxersare2asbigheroes.

Itseemsthatsomepeople,especiallymen,findit3becauseitisanaggressivesport.

Whentheywatchaboxingmatch,theywill4thewinningboxer,andthisgivesthemthe

feelingofbeinga5themselves.Itisafactthatmanypeoplehavefeelingsofaggressionfrom

timetotime,buttheycannotshowtheir6intheireverydaylives.Watchingaboxingmatch

givesthemanoutletfortheaggression.

However;thereisa(n)7sideofboxing.Itcanbeaverydangeroussport.Althoughboxers

wearglovesduringthefights,andamateurboxers8havetowearhelmets,therehavebeen

frequentaccidentsinbothprofessionalandamateurboxing,sometimes

with9consequences.Boxershavesufferedfromheadinjuries,andoccasionally,fighters

haveevenbeenkilledasaresultofbeingknockedoutinthe10Furthermore,studieshave

shownthatthereareoftenlong-termeffectsofboxing,intheformofseriousbrain11even

ifaboxerhasneverbeenknockedout.

Iampersonallynotatallin12ofaggressivesportslikeboxing.Ithinkitwouldbebetterif

lesstimewas13toaggressivesportsonTV,andweregardedmoremenandwomenfrom

non-aggressivesportsasourheroesandheroinesinoursociety.Ibelievethattheworldis

aggressiveenoughalready!Ofcourse,peopleIike14sports,andsodoI,butIthink

that15otherpeopleinanaggressivewayisnotsomethingthatshouldberegardedasa

sport.

1.A.holdB.coverC.host□.design

2.A.keptB.individualizedC.thought□.treated

3.A.appealingB.subjectiveC.violent□.challenging

4.A.pickupB.believeinC.identifywithD.longfor

5.A.winnerB.spectatorC.inspectorD.trainer

6.A.ambitionB.aggressionC.energy0.strength

7.A.positiveB.indifferentC.deadly□.negative

8.A.otherwiseB.somehowC.evenD.barely

9.A.dramaticB.eye-catchingC.emotional0.special

10.A.courtB.ringC.pitchD.yard

ll.A.IossB.drainC.damage□.disorder

12.A.favourB.processC.chargeD.power

13.A.shiftedB.transformedC.given□.delivered

14.A.competitiveB.quietC.cooperative0.regular

15.A.invadingB.insultingC.teasingD.hitting

七、

Dowellmayneverbeabletodriveacar;butshecansailaboataroundtheworld.Dowellis

blindandisoneofmanyathleteswithdisabilitieswhocompeteintheC.ThomasClagett,Jr.

MemorialClinicandRegatta,a(n)1shehascompetedinsincelosingher2.

Eachyear,dozensofsailorswithdisabilitiesparticipateintheevent.The3istoprovidea

platformforthemtotrainandcompeteatahighlevel.Athleteswithvariousdisabilities

—4fromthosewhohavelostlegstothosewhoareblind—areinvitedtoshow

their5.

Dowellis6sailingsomuch.She7livesonasailboatwithherguidedog.Shesaysthat

itisalwaysa8toliveonaboatandthatsailinghasgivenheranewbeginning.Beingpartof

ateammeansmuchtoher.

MundenisoneofDowell'sclosest9.Becauseofaneyedisease,Mundenwentblind.

Sailinggivesherawholenewworldoffreedomandself-confidence.DowellandMunden

have10manycompetitionsagainstsightedandnon-sightedathletes.Theyfindthesportof

sailingfairtoallparticipants11physicalabilities.

Sailingcanbeadjusted12competitors'physicalabilities.Forexample,forDowelland

Munden,theycompetewiththeassistanceofasightedguidewhoseonlyjobisto13themif

thereisabarrier.Forothercompetitors,equipmentcanbealteredtoaccommodate

athletes'14needs.

Everyoneoutonthewaterhasadifferentability.It'sabout15yourabilitiesandnot

worryingabouttheabilitiesyoudon'thave.Thedisabilityisjustanaspectofwhoweare,butwe

aresailorsoutonthewater.

1.A.journeyB.eventC.festivalD.team

2.A.sightB.hearingC.legsD.arms

3.A.influenceB.solutionC.impressionD.mission

4.A.rangingB.separatingC.selectingD.suffering

5.A.disabilitiesB.skillsC.charactersD.appearances

6.A.confusedaboutB.frustratedwithC.passionateaboutD.disappointedwith

7.A.evenB.stillC.yetD.just

8.A.challengeB.chanceC.pityD.dream

9.A.coachesB.guidesC.teammatesD.opponents

10.A.cheeredforB.turneddownC.dreamedaboutD.participatedin

11.A.regardlessofB.inneedofC.incaseofD.becauseof

12.A.linkedtoB.devotedtoC.basedonD.comparedwith

13.A.askB.noticeC.encourageD.warn

14.A.mentalB.commonC.physicalD.social

15.A.takingcontrolofB.takingadvantageofC.takingcareofD.takingtheplaceof

八、

ThetownofParadisehassufferedafire,whichlasted17daysandcausedalossof$16.5billion.

Asaresult,thebeautifullynamedplace1itsbeauty.

ShaneGrammer;CreativeDirectorforDisney'sthemeparksinLosAngeles,paidclose

attentiontothenewsofthefire'sdeadlypath.Infact,hefeltquite2tohelpwhenseeing

thepicturesharedbyhisfriend,inwhichonlyawhitechimneyofhishouse3afterthefire.

'Tvegotto4thatchimney/*hesaid.'Tmnottryingtosayanything.It'sjustthatI'man

artist.Anditwasa(n)5formetoexpressmyselfandbeanartist,wasn'tit?"

Grammerspentthreehoursspray-paintingtheimageofawomanonthechimneyinblackand

white,whichwas6mysterious.Perhapsitservedasa(n)1ofthebeautyoflifeorjust

lifeitself.

ThenGrammerputitspictureonsocialmedia.Onseeingit,thevictimsofthefirecould

not8themselves,"Beautifulandimpressive/'oneofthemremarked.Andanothersaid,

"Youbringbeautyand9

Atthistime,Grammerbecameawarethatsomething10hadbeentransformedbya

purelyartisticexpression."Whenthefirstmural(壁畫)movedsomanypeople,IknewIhad

to11J*hetoldthejournalist.GrammerreturnedtoParadiseeighttimesinthree

months,12whichhecompleted17muralsofvictimsandotherfigures.

Today,Grammer'seffortshave13intoamovement.Hehasalsopaintedmuralsindark

placesaroundtheworldthatseriouslyneedsomelight.

Ironically,thefirstpainting,onthechimneyinParadise,existedforjustseveral

months,14thebulldozer(推土機(jī))wasamercilessartcritic.ButGrammercouldn'tbe

morepleasedaboutit,whichmeansthespiritofParadiseis15again.

l.A.destroyedB.createdC.witnessedD.lost

2.A.powerlessB.enthusiasticC.urgent□.reluctant

3.A.leftB.remainedC.disappearedD.collapsed

4.A.mendB.rebuildC.paint□.preserve

5.A.riskB.opportunityC.jobD.duty

6.A.strikinglyB.originallyC.deliberately0.accidentally

7.A.labelB.objectC.content0.reminder

8.A.supportB.containC.help0.release

9.A.hopeB.mysteryC.entertainment□,expectation

lO.A.brighterB.higherC.bigger□.deeper

ll.A.takebackB.comebackC.bringbackD.holdback

12.A.toB.fromC.ofD.during

13.A.brokenB.lookedC.developedD.dipped

14.A.sinceB.whileC.unlessD.once

15.A.lastingB.risingC.fading□.accumulating

九、

In2009agroupofparentsinanEnglishtownstartedsharingworriesabouttheirchildren's

moneymanagementskills.Shoppingwasdoneonline;thechildren1sawtheirparents

handlingcash.Theywerespendingonline,too.Moneyhadbecomeintangible（無(wú)形的）.How,

then,werechildrentolearnits2?

Theanswerthey3wasGoHenry,anappnowavailableinBritain.Itisdesignedtohelp

youngpeoplelearngood4habitsthroughreal-worldmoneymanagement.Parentssigned

upwiththeirownbankaccount（賬戶）andpaidamonthly5of$2.99foreachchildaged

sixorover.Adultsandchildren6separateversions.Attheendoflastyear;379,000children

hadactiveaccounts.

Parentscanschedulepocketmoneyandsettasks.Whenthosetasksaremarkedas7,the

childispaidsomemoneybackasareward.Parentscanseewhattheirchildhas8and

where.Andchildrenchoose9tousethecard:inshops,onlineoratATMs.

Childrengetdebitcards（借i己卡）withtheirnames.Theycan（0theirspendingandset

savingstargets.Theycandecideto11forsomeone'sbirthdayorsetagoalat12tohave

$2,000tobuyacaratage18.Theapptellsthemhowmuchtosaveeachweektomeet

their12.

SomeGoHenrycustomersarerichparentswhoworrythattheirchildrenwillgrowup

financiallycareless.Othersregardtheappasaninvestmentintheirchild'sfuture.Somesaythat

theyhavebeen13andwanttheirchildrentoavoidthatmistakewhentheygrowup;

otherssaythattheappiscost-effectivebecausetheirchildren14tohowtousemoney.

Eventhoughyoungpeoplenolongertouchandhold15,theycanstillbetaughttohandle

itwell.

l.A.seldomB.regularlyC.suddenlyD.only

2.A.booksB.materialC.historyD.value

3.A.steppedawayfromB.putupwithC.cameupwith□.lookeddownon

4.A.physicalB.financialC.social□.cultural

5.A.feeB.fineC.bonusD.salary

6.A.overuseB.createC.downloadD.show

7.A.doneB.lostC.goneD.used

8.A.boughtB.readC.eatenD.worn

9.A.whoB.whereC.why□.whether

lO.A.useB.continueC.increaseD.view

ll.A.completeB.returnC.saveD.wait

12.A.moneyB.ruleC.deadlineD.goal

13.A.inserviceB.indebtC.incontrolD.indanger

14.A.forgetB.dreamC.learnD.admit

15.A.timeB.moneyC.power□.knowledge

十、

Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountainin

Africa.Theybringwiththemlotsofwaste.The1mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.

Theg/aciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe2ofKilimanjaro.

Hearingthesestories.I'm3abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas

"purer"naturalexperiences.

However,Isoon4thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof

campsamongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda5mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthe

paths.TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNational

ParkAuthoritysee