第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023年河南省鄭州市楓楊重點(diǎn)學(xué)校中考英語調(diào)研試卷A

Stopwastingfood!Activityupdate

Theactivitytoreducefoodwastehasjustentereditsthirdweek，andwe'realreadyseeingsomegreatresults.We'dlikeeverystudentandteachertojoinintheactivityatschoolandathome，soifyouhaven'tstartedyet，readonandjoinin!Stopwastingfoodatschool

AccordingtoschoollunchdirectorMargeKaplan，"thechildrenaremakingabigefforttothinkinasensiblewayaboutthefoodtheyputontheirplates.Wenowhaveabout15%lesswasteandwethinkthispercentagewillgrowasmorechildrenjoinintheactivity."Theschoolcanteennowofferstwosizesforallmainmeals：smallandlarge.Thisweekthey'llreplacesinglebreadrollswithslicesofbread.Youcantakeasmanyslicesasyouwant，butoneatatimetosavewaste.Stopwastingfoodathome

Everyyear，wewasteaboutathirdofourfood.Alotofthiswasteiscereals，fruitandvegetables.IntheUK，morethan97%ofwasteendsupinalandfillsite.That'salot!CometoaspecialmeetingwithsupermarketownerCarlosRodrigueztolearnhowwecansavefoodandmoneyathome!Activitymeeting!

Howtosavefoodandmoneyathome

When：Friday12May，5-6p.m.

Where：Schoolhall

Who：CarlosRodriguez

What：Toptipsonhowtostorefood，measuresensibleportionsizesandcooktastymealsfromleftovers

Studentsandfamilieswelcome!1.Howlonghastheactivitylasted？______A.Forthreeweeks. B.Fortwoweeks.

C.Ithasjuststarted. D.Wedon'tknow.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sensible"meaninthearticle？______A.可感覺的 B.過量的 C.明智的 D.有意識的3.WhatdoesMargeKaplanthinkoftheresultoftheactivity？______A.It'sdisappointing. B.It'sembarrassing.

C.It'ssatisfying. D.It'sperfect.4.WhatwillNOTbetalkedaboutinthemeeting？______A.Whattochoose-breadrollsorslicesofbread.

B.Howtokeepfood.

C.Thewaytomeasurethesizesoffoodweneed.

D.Howtouseleftoverstomakedeliciousfood.5.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom？______A.Afashionmagazine. B.Aschoolwebsite.

C.Alocalguidebook. D.Anewspaperaboutfood.B"Class，thisisJohnEvans，"Mrs.Parmeleannounced，tryingtosoundenthusiastic.Wesawaboyinworn-outclothesandshoeswithholesandpatches.Johnlookedaroundandsmiled，hopingsomebodywouldsmileback.Nobodydid.Hekeptonsmilinganyway.

Iheldmybreath，hopingMrs.Parmelewouldn'tnoticetheemptydesknexttomine.Shedid，andpointedhiminthatdirection.Helookedoveratmeashesatdown，butIlookedaway.

Bytheendofhisfirstweek，Johnwasatthebottomofourschool'ssocialladder."It'shisownfault，"Itoldmymotheroneeveningatdinner."Hehardlyevenknowshowtocount."

AsIatelunchwithhimthenextdayandlistenedtohim，however，IrealizedthatJohnwasactuallypleasanttobearound.Afterlunch，IdecidedthatIwouldbeJohn'sfriend.

Onenight，asMothercameintomybedroom，Isaid，"Mom，tomorrowisJohn'sbirthday，andhe'snotgoingtogetanything.Nobodyevencares.""Don'tworry，"Momsaidasshekissedmegoodnight."I'msureeverythingwillbefine."

IwishedJohnahappybirthdaythefirstthinginthemorning，andhewasgladIhadremembered.Intheafternoon，asMrs.Parmelewaswritingontheblackboard，Iheardafamiliarvoicesingingthebirthdaysong.Momentslater，Mothercamethroughthedoorwithatray（托盤）ofcakes.Shewasalsotakingapresentinherhand.Mrs.Parmelejoinedin.MotherfoundJohnlookinglikeadeerintheheadlights.Sheputthecakesandthegiftonhisdeskandsaid，"Happybirthday，John."Johnkindlysharedhiscakeswiththeclass，takingthetrayfromdesktodesk.IcaughtMotherwatchingme.Shesmiledandwinked（眨眼）.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。6.Whydidn'ttheclasssmilebackatJohnatthebeginning？______A.Probablybecausehecouldn'tcount.

B.Probablybecausetheydidn'tknowhim.

C.Probablybecausehelookedunfriendly.

D.Probablybecausehelookedpoor.7.Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromthetext？______A.Johnbecamepopularsoon.

B.Johndidn'thavemanyfriendsintheclass.

C.MotheraskedmetobefriendlytoJohn.

D."I"learnedalotfromJohn.8.HowmightJohnfeelwhenhelookedlikeadeerintheheadlights？______A.Surprisedandproud. B.Upsetandanxious.

C.Surprisedandunabletospeak. D.Frightenedandangry.9.WhatwasMotherlike？______A.Humorousandeasygoing. B.Strictandserious.

C.Quietandoutgoing. D.Kindandwarm-hearted.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthestory？______A.HowImetJohn B.Thenewstudent

C.Specialfriend D.Happybirthday，John.CHowlongdoesayearlast？Childrenmightsaythatayearlastsforever.Butyourparentsmightsaythatawholeyearcanpass"intheblinkofaneye".Whydoestimeseemtopassfasteraswegetolder？

AccordingtoscientistsfromDukeUniversity，US，ourbrainsdegrade（退化）andchangeovertime.Thisphysicalchangecausestherateatwhichwetakeinanddealwithnewinformationtofalldown.

Babies，forexample，movetheireyesmuchmoreoftenthangrown-upsbecausethey'redealingwithimagesatafasterrate，AdrianBejanfromtheuniversitytoldtheDailyMail.Theytakeinalotofinformationanddomanythingsinasingleday.Thismakesthemfeellikeasingledaylastsforalongtime.

However，aspeople'sbrainsdegradeovertime，fewerimagesaredealtwithinthesameamountoftime.Therefore，olderpeoplereceivelessinformationduringadaythanyoungerpeople.Thiscausesthingstoseemasifthey'rehappeningmorequickly.

What'smore，peoplemayalso"feel"timedifferentlyduetopsychological（心理的）reasons.Peoplemaymeasuretimebythenumberofmemorableeventsthatcanberecalledwithinacertainperiod.

Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyourecallyourfirsts（firstdayofschool.firstfamilyvacation，etc.），theyseemtobeinslowmotion!That'sbecausewhensomethingisa"first"，therearemanyexcitingthingstoremember.Recallingthesememoriesmakesyoufeelliketheytookforever，accordingtoDavidEaglemanoftheBaylorCollegeofMedicineintheUS.

Formanygrown-ups，lifeismadeupofdailythings.Whentheylookbacktheymightfeelliketherearenotmanyinterestingthingstoremember.Therefore，timeseemstobemovingfastertothem.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。11.Whatdoesthephrase"intheblinkofaneye"meaninthefirstparagraph？______A.Quickly. B.Slowly. C.Unexpectedly. D.Directly.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"referto？______A.Brains. B.Images. C.Youngerpeople D.Things.13.WhatdoesthewritermainlytrytotellusinParagraph6？______A.Weshouldvalueourmemoriesaboutthefirsts.

B.Howthefirstsaffectoursensesabouttime.

C.Thefirstsarefullofexcitingandmemorablethings.

D.DavidEaglemanfoundoutsecretsaboutourmemories.14.Whatisthestructureofthisarticle？______

A.A B.B C.C D.D15.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle？______A.Toaskpeopletovaluethetime.

B.Toexplainwhypeoplefeeltimedifferentlyatdifferentages.

C.Toexplainwhyyoungerpeoplereceivemoreinformation.

D.Toadvisepeopletovaluetheirexperiences.16.TherearesomepopularfamilyvideosthatarebeingpostedonChinesesocialmediathesedays.（1）______Theparententerstheroomsmiling，turnsaroundandcallsouttotheirownparent；thegrandparentthenenterssmilingandcallsouttotheirparent-thegreat-grandparent.

Theformat（形式）ofthesevideosisbeingdescribedasthe"four-generationchallenge".ItstartedonChineseshort-videoplatformandhassincespreadtosocialmediainothercountries.（2）______

"IhavetogivethattoChina.Familydevotionisusuallyastrongvalue，"wroteoneFacebookuserAntonieYupud.The"four-generation"videoshavenotonlytouchedforeignviewers，butalsogiventhemadeeperlookintoChinesefamilyvalues.

InmostEastAsiancultures，itiscommonformanygenerationsofasinglefamilytolivetogetherunderoneroof.（3）______InmostWesterncountries，mostfamiliesarenuclearfamilies（小家庭），orfamiliesthataremadeupofjustchildrenandtheirparents.

InWesternculture，privacyandindependencearehighlyvalued.（4）______Manyofthemapplyforloansandworkpart-timejobsinordertopayforcollegeandrent.Iftheychoosetocontinuelivingwiththeirparentsafterbecominganadult，itcanbeseenasasignofimmaturity（不成熟）orfailure.

（5）______Thatmightbewhythe"four-generation"videoshavewonsomanyheartsaroundtheworld.

A.Kidsusuallymoveoutofthehouseaftertheyturn18.

B.Thisiscalledanextendedfamily.

C.Inthesevideos，ayoungchildcallsouttotheirmotherorfather.

D.AlthoughfamilystructuresintheEastandWestmaydiffer，thelovebetweenfamilymembersiscommon.

E.Peoplefromallovertheworldhavecommentedonthem.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)Ateacherdecidedtoletherclassplayagame.Theteachertoldeachchildintheclasstobringaplasticbagwithafew（1）______.Eachpotatowillbegivenanameofapersonthatthechild（2）______.Sothenumberofpotatoeswoulddependon（3）______peoplehe/shecannotforgive（寬?。?

Thenextday，everychildbroughtsomepotatoes（4）______thenameofthepeopleheorshehated.Somehadjustoneortwopotatoes（5）______othershadasmanyasfiveorsix.Theteacherthentoldthechildrenthattheywouldhavetocarrytheirpotatoeswiththemwherevertheywentfor（6）______

Severaldays（7）______.Somechildrenstartedtocomplain，astheirpotatoesbegantorot（腐爛）and（8）______bad.Thosechildren（9）______carriedmorepotatoesalsocomplainedabouthow（10）______theirbagswere.

Afteroneweek，thegamewasover.Theteachersimplysmiledandsaid："Thisis（11）______whatit'sliketocarryhatredinyourheart.Youhavetocarryitwithyouwhereveryougo.Theburden（負(fù)擔(dān)）ofhatredwill（12）______yourheartandyouwill（13）______carryinganunnecessaryburdenwithyou.Ifyoucannottoleratethesmellofrottenpotatoesforjustoneweek，canyou（14）______whataburdenitwouldbetohavethehatredinyourheartforyourlifetime？"

Itcanbe（15）______tocarryhatredinyourheartforawholelifetime.Forgiveothersandmoveonwithyourlife.17.

A.candies B.books C.games D.potatoes18.

A.admired B.disliked C.liked D.trusted19.

A.thenumberof B.anumberof C.numbersof D.plentyof20.

A.for B.on C.with D.above21.

A.when B.while C.as D.because22.

A.oneday B.severaldays C.onemonth D.oneweek23.

A.droppedby B.wentoff C.tookoff D.passedby24.

A.smelled B.looked C.tasted D.felt25.

A.what B.which C.who D.those26.

A.many B.much C.heavy D.large27.

A.especially B.exactly C.finally D.unexpectedly28.

A.pollute B.fill C.amaze D.weigh29.

A.giveup B.takeup C.endup D.stayup30.

A.believe B.imagine C.agree D.wonder31.

A.sad B.crazy C.angry D.tiring32.

please；down；sense；offer；give；in；such；tired；what；difficultAlbertEinsteinwasregardedtobeagenius.Thisstoryabouthimshowsthathenotonlywassmartbutalsohada（1）______ofhumour.

Einsteinoftenreceivedinvitationstoexplainhistheoriesatdifferentuniversities.Onthesetrips，hisdriverHansoftensaidtohim，"It'sa（2）______todriveageniuslikeyou，DrEinstein."

Oneevening，ontheirwaytoauniversity，Einsteinsaid，"I'mso（3）______.IwishIcouldavoid（4）______mylecturetonight，Hans，butIdon'twanttoletmyaudience（5）______.""Iknow（6）______todo，"saidHans."Icangivethelectureforyou.I'velistenedtoyourlecturesomanytimesthatI'velearntitbyheart.Nooneknowsyouatthisuniversity，sotheywon'tfindout."So，theychangedplaces.Attheuniversity，Hanswasguidedtothefrontofthehall.Einsteintookaseat，listenedtoHansgivehislecturewithout（7）______，andjoinedintheapplauseattheend.However，beforeHansleft，amanshouted，"I'dliketoaskyouaquestion."HethenaskedaquestionsodifficultthatHanshadnoideawhathewastalkingabout.Einsteinturnedpale."Ohno!"hethought."Nowwe're（8）______trouble."ButHansjustlaughedandsaid，"That's（9）______aneasyquestionthatevenmydrivercananswerit.Hans，please..."Einsteinstoodupandansweredthequestionperfectly.

Theylefttheuniversity，withEinsteindriving.Alittlelater，Hans（10）______todrive."No，"laughedEinstein."It'smyhonortodriveageniuslikeyou，Hans."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)33.Lunarcalendarsdependonthepositionofthemoon，（1）______thedateofthenewyearchangeseachyear.LunarNewYear（2）______usuallycelebratedinJanuaryorFebruary.

TherearemanyLunarNewYeartraditions.Forexample，inVietnam，peoplebelieve（3）______thefirstpersontoentertheirhomeinthenewyearwilldecidetheirluckforthenextyear.InKorea，familiesoftencelebratethisfestival（4）______playingtraditionalboardgamestogether.InChina，manypeoplehavefirecrackers，（5）______burnandmakealoudnoise.Inthestreets，dancersdressupasalionoradragon.Theydancetomusicanddrums.

Allthecelebrationsareaboutwishingeveryonegoodthingsforthenextyear.HappyLunarNewYear!(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)34.A：Congratulations!Youwonthefirstplaceinthishandicraft（手工）competition.

B：Thankyou!

A：（1）______？Ican'twaittoseeit!

B：Ofcourse!Thisismyartpiece!

A：Itlookssofantastic!Ican'tbelieveitwasmadebyateenager.（2）______？

B：Itismadeofironandothermaterialsfromoldcars.

A：（3）______？

B：Ittookmeabout2weeks.Withthehelpofmyartteacher，Ifinallymadeit.

A：Youarereallycreative!Whydidyouusetheoldthingsinsteadofbuyingnewmaterialstomakeit？

B：（4）______

A：Thatsoundsgreat!Ialsowanttolearnhowtomakeartpieceswiththeoldthings.（5）______？

B：Sure，I'dliketo.Ihopemorepeoplecantakeactiontorecycleandreuseoldthings.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)35.回首過往，在生活、學(xué)習(xí)中你一定經(jīng)歷過一些困難與挑戰(zhàn)，然而正是這些經(jīng)歷使你進(jìn)步、讓你成長、促你改變。請選取最難忘的一次往事寫一篇文章。

要點(diǎn)：

（1）你遇到的困難及感受是什么；

（2）你是如何克服這次困難的；

（3）這件事使你有什么改變。

要求：

（1）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

（2）詞數(shù)100左右。

答案和解析1~5.【答案】B、C、C、A、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格一中的The

activity

to

reduce

food

waste

has

just

entered

its

third

week，（減少食物浪費(fèi)的活動剛剛進(jìn)入第三周）可知，活動持續(xù)了兩周，故選：B。

（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句子the

children

are

making

a

big

effort

to

think

in

a

sensible

way

about

the

food

they

put

on

their

plates.（孩子們正在努力以……方式思考他們放在盤子里的食物。）可知，文章中帶下劃線的單詞"sensible"意思是"明智的"，故選：C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格二中的According

to

school

lunch

director

Marge

Kaplan，"the

children

are

making

a

big

effort

to

think

in

a

sensible

way

about

the

food

they

put

on

their

plates.We

now

have

about

15%less

waste

and

we

think

this

percentage

will

grow

as

more

children

join

in

the

activity."

（根據(jù)學(xué)校午餐主管MargeKaplan的說法，"孩子們正在努力以合理的方式思考他們放在盤子里的食物。我們現(xiàn)在的浪費(fèi)減少了約15%，我們認(rèn)為隨著越來越多的孩子加入這項活動，這一比例還會增加。"）可知，MargeKaplan認(rèn)為這次活動的結(jié)果令人滿意，故選：C。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格三中的What：Top

tips

on

how

to

store

food，measure

sensible

portion

sizes

and

cook

tasty

meals

from

leftovers（內(nèi)容：關(guān)于如何儲存食物、測量合理的份量以及用剩菜烹制美味飯菜的最佳技巧）可知，會議中不會談?wù)撨x擇面包卷或面包片，故選：A。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格中的Stop

wasting

food!Activity

update.The

activity

to

reduce

food

waste

has

just

entered

its

third

week，and

we're

already

seeing

some

great

results.We'd

like

every

student

and

teacher

to

join

in

the

activity

at

school

and

at

home，so

if

you

haven't

started

yet，read

on

and

join

in!（停止浪費(fèi)食物?。㏒tudents

and

families

welcome!（歡迎學(xué)生和家人！活動更新。減少食物浪費(fèi)的活動剛剛進(jìn)入第三周，我們已經(jīng)看到了一些很好的結(jié)果。我們希望每個學(xué)生和老師都能在學(xué)校和家里參加這項活動，所以如果你還沒有開始，請繼續(xù)閱讀并加入?。┘巴ㄗx全文可知，本文主要講述了如何在學(xué)校和家里停止浪費(fèi)食物。因此本文可能來自學(xué)校網(wǎng)站，故選：B。

本文主要講述了如何在學(xué)校和家里停止浪費(fèi)食物。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

6~10.【答案】D、B、C、D、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段We

sawa

boy

in

worn-out

clothes

and

shoes

with

holes

and

patches.John

looked

around

and

smiled，hoping

somebody

would

smile

back.Nobody

did.He

kept

on

smiling

anyway.（我們看到一個男孩穿著破舊的衣服和有洞有補(bǔ)丁的鞋子。約翰環(huán)顧四周，笑了笑，希望有人能報以微笑。但沒有人這樣做。不管怎樣，他一直在微笑。）可推斷出全班同學(xué)一開始沒有對約翰報以微笑，可能是因為他看起來很窮。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段"Mom，tomorrow

is

John's

birthday，and

he's

not

going

to

get

anything.Nobody

even

cares."（媽媽，明天是約翰的生日，他什么都得不到。沒人在乎他。）可推斷出約翰在班上沒有很多朋友。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Mother

found

John

looking

like

a

deer

in

the

headlights.She

put

the

cakes

and

the

gift

on

his

desk

and

said，"Happy

birthday，John."John

kindly

shared

his

cakes

with

the

class，taking

the

tray

from

desk

to

desk.（母親發(fā)現(xiàn)約翰在車燈下看起來像只鹿。她把蛋糕和禮物放在他的桌子上，說："生日快樂，約翰。"約翰親切地和全班同學(xué)分享他的蛋糕，把托盤從一張桌子拿到另一張桌子。）可推斷出約翰看到有人給他過生日，驚訝道說不出話。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段"Don't

worry，"Mom

said

as

she

kissed

me

goodnight."I'm

sure

everything

will

be

fine."（"別擔(dān)心，"媽媽吻別我說。"我相信一切都會好起來的。"）以及第六段Moments

later，Mother

came

through

the

door

with

a

tray（托盤）

of

cakes.She

was

also

taking

a

present

in

her

hand.（過了一會兒，媽媽端著一盤蛋糕進(jìn)來了。她手里還拿著一件禮物。）可推斷出媽媽是個善良、熱心的人。故選D。

（5）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第四段As

I

ate

lunch

with

him

the

next

day

and

listened

to

him，however，I

realized

that

John

was

actually

pleasant

to

be

around.After

lunch，I

decided

that

I

would

be

John's

friend.（第二天，當(dāng)我和他一起吃午飯，聽他說話的時候，我意識到約翰實際上是一個很討人喜歡的人。午飯后，我決定成為約翰的朋友。）可知文章主要了作者的媽媽和帕梅爾給了約翰過了一個生日。這次生日對約翰于是一個特別的禮物，約翰對作者來說，是一個特別的朋友。故最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)為：特殊的朋友。故選C。

本文主要講述了作者的媽媽和帕梅爾給了約翰過了一個生日。這次生日對約翰于是一個特別的禮物，約翰對作者來說，是一個特別的朋友。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

11~15.【答案】A、D、C、C、B【解析】（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段How

long

does

a

year

last？Children

might

say

that

a

year

lasts

forever.But

your

parents

might

say

that

a

whole

year

can

pass

"in

the

blink

of

an

eye".Why

does

time

seem

to

pass

faster

as

we

get

older？（一年有多長？孩子們可能會說一年是永遠(yuǎn)的。但是你的父母可能會說，一整年都是""過去的。為什么隨著年齡的增長，時間似乎過得越來越快？）聯(lián)系前后句可猜測出下劃線單詞in

the

blink

of

an

eye的意思應(yīng)為：一眨眼的功夫。即快地；故選A。

（2）代詞指代題。根據(jù)This

causes

things

to

seem

as

if

they're

happening

more

quickly.（因此，老年人在一天中接收到的信息比年輕人少。這會讓看起來發(fā)生得更快。）聯(lián)系前句可猜測出下劃線單詞they應(yīng)指代的是：事情。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第六段Have

you

ever

noticed

that

when

you

recall

your

firsts

（first

day

of

school.first

family

vacation，etc.），they

seem

to

be

in

slow

motion!That's

because

when

something

is

a

"first"，there

are

many

exciting

things

to

remember.（你有沒有注意到，當(dāng)你回想起你的第一次（上學(xué)的第一天，第一次家庭假期等等），他們似乎是在慢動作！這是因為當(dāng)某事是"第一次"時，有許多令人興奮的事情要記住。）可知第六段告訴我們：第一次充滿了令人興奮和難忘的事情。故選C。

（4）篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)第一段提出問題：為什么隨著年齡的增長，時間似乎過得越來越快？第二、三、四段介紹了我們的大腦會隨著時間的推移而退化和改變，第五、六、七段講述了由于心理原因，人們對時間的"感覺"也可能不同。故C選項符合題意，故選C。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Why

does

time

seem

to

pass

faster

as

we

get

older？（為什么隨著年齡的增長，時間似乎過得越來越快？）可知這篇文章的目的是解釋為什么不同年齡的人對時間的感覺不同。故選B。

本文主要講了隨著年齡的增長人們覺得時間過得快的原因。

通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。

16.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】E【小題3】B【小題4】A【小題5】D【解析】推理判斷題。

（1）根據(jù)下文The

parent

enters

the

room

smiling，turns

around

and

calls

out

to

their

own

parent；the

grandparent

then

enters

smiling

and

calls

out

to

their

parent-the

great-grandparent.（父母微笑著走進(jìn)房間，轉(zhuǎn)身向自己的父母喊道；然后，祖父母微笑著走進(jìn)來，向他們的父母喊出曾祖父母。）可知，說的是孩子向他們的母親或父親呼喊，此處應(yīng)說"在這些視頻中，一個年幼的孩子向他們的母親或父親呼喊。"符合語境，故填：C。

（2）根據(jù)上文It

started

on

Chinese

short-video

platform

and

has

since

spread

to

social

media

in

other

countries.

（它始于中國的短視頻平臺，后來傳播到其他國家的社交媒體。）可知，說的是有關(guān)社交媒體話題，此處應(yīng)說"來自世界各地的人們都對他們發(fā)表了評論。"符合語境，故填：E。

（3）根據(jù)上文In

most

East

Asian

cultures，it

is

common

for

many

generations

of

a

single

family

to

live

together

under

one

roof.（在大多數(shù)東亞文化中，一個家庭的幾代人共同生活在一個屋檐下是很常見的。）可知，說的是家庭，此處應(yīng)說"這被稱為大家庭。"符合語境，故填：B。

（4）根據(jù)上文In

Western

culture，privacy

and

independence

are

highly

valued.（在西方文化中，隱私和獨(dú)立受到高度重視。）可知，說的是有關(guān)西方文化，此處應(yīng)說"孩子們通常在年滿18歲后搬離房子。"符合語境，故填：A。

（5）根據(jù)下文That

might

be

why

the

"

four-

generation

"

videos

have

won

so

many

hearts

around

the

world.（這也許就是為什么"四代人"視頻在世界各地贏得了如此多的心。）可知，說的是大家庭視頻贏得人心，此處應(yīng)說"盡管東西方的家庭結(jié)構(gòu)可能不同，但家庭成員之間的愛是常見的。"符合語境，故填：D。

本文主要講述了一個"四世同堂"的視頻在中國社交網(wǎng)站上流行，也感動了很多外國人，由此引出了中西文化家庭理念的不同，但是家人之間的愛與聯(lián)系在各國之間是一樣的，這或許就是這個視頻在世界各地流行的原因。

做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案。

17~31.【答案】D、B、A、C、B、D、D、A、C、C、B、A、C、B、D【解析】（1）考查名詞。句意：她告訴班上的每個孩子帶上一個塑料袋，里面裝著幾個土豆。candies糖果；books書；games游戲；potatoes士豆。根據(jù)下文"Each

potato

will

be

given

..."（每個土豆將被給），可知空處指老師讓學(xué)生帶土豆，故選D。

（2）考查動詞。句意：每個土豆都有一個孩子討厭的人的名字。admired敬佩的；disliked討厭的；liked喜歡的；trusted信任的。根據(jù)"...the

people

he

or

she

hated."（他或她討厭的人）可知，此處指讓學(xué)生在土豆上寫上自己討厭人的名字。故選B。

（3）考查固定搭配。句意：土豆數(shù)量取決于你不能寬恕的人的數(shù)量。the

number

of的數(shù)量；a

number

of一些，許多；numbers

of許多；plenty

of大量，許多。根據(jù)句意可知，空處要表達(dá)"的數(shù)量"的意思。故選A。

（4）考查介詞。句意：第二天，每個孩子都帶了一些土豆，上面寫著他或她討厭的人的名字。for為了；on在上；with帶有；above在上面。根據(jù)"Each

potato

will

be

given

a

name

of

a

person

that

the

child

..."（每個土豆上都有一個孩子討厭的人的名字。）可知，此處指學(xué)生在土豆上寫上自己討厭人的名字，所以土豆上面帶有他或她討厭的人的名字。故選C。

（5）考查連詞。句意：有的僅僅只帶了一兩個土豆，然而有的卻帶了五六個土豆。when當(dāng)時；while然而；as由于；because因為；根據(jù)"Some

had

just

one

or

two

potatoes

"（有些人僅僅帶了一兩個土豆）和"others

had

as

many

as

five

or

six"（有的人卻帶了五六個土豆）可知前后兩句有對比的關(guān)系，故用連詞while。故選B。

（6）考查名詞詞組。句意：老師告訴孩子們，不管他們?nèi)ツ睦铮家阉芰洗永锏耐炼闺S身攜帶一個星期。one

day一天；several

days幾天；one

month一個月；one

week一個星期；根據(jù)下文中"

After

one

week，the

game

was

over."（一個星期之后，游戲結(jié)束。）可知，老師讓學(xué)生們隨身攜帶土豆一周。故選D。

（7）考查動詞短語。句意：幾天過去了，一些孩子們開始抱怨，因為他們的土豆開始腐爛。dropped

by順便拜訪；went

off經(jīng)過；took

off脫（衣服等）；passed

by時間（流逝，過去）；根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指時間過去幾天了，要用動詞短語passed

by。故選D。

（8）考查動詞。句意：幾天過去了，一些孩子們開始抱怨，因為他們的土豆開始腐爛并且發(fā)出難聞的氣味。smelled有氣味；looked看；tasted嘗；felt感受到；根據(jù)句意可知，土豆腐爛之后會發(fā)出難聞的氣味，空處應(yīng)該用smelled。故選A。

（9）考查關(guān)系詞。句意：那些背著更多土豆的孩子們也開始抱怨他們的書包有多重。what什么；which哪一個；who誰；those那些；根據(jù)"Those

children

"（那些孩子）可知，先行詞是指人，并且在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系詞who。故選C。

（10）考查形容詞。句意：那些背著更多土豆的孩子們也開始抱怨他們的書包有多重。many許多的；much許多的；heavy重的；large大的；根據(jù)"carried

more

potatoes

"（帶更多土豆）可知，土豆帶得越多，書包越重。故選C。

（11）考查副詞。句意：這正是你內(nèi)心深處對某人懷有仇恨的確切地感受。especially尤其地；exactly確切地；finally最終；unexpectedly意外地；根據(jù)句意可知，此處需要用exactly確切地，表示這種情況與上文一致。故選B。

（12）考查動詞。句意：仇恨的負(fù)擔(dān)會污染你的內(nèi)心。pollute污染；fill充滿；amaze使驚奇；weigh稱重量；。根據(jù)The

burden（負(fù)擔(dān)）

of

hatred

...（仇恨的負(fù)擔(dān)）可知仇恨的負(fù)擔(dān)為污染你的內(nèi)心。故選A。

（13）考查動詞短語。句意：仇恨的負(fù)擔(dān)會污染你的內(nèi)心，你最終將會背負(fù)一些不必要的負(fù)擔(dān)。give

up放棄；take

up開始從事；end

up結(jié)束；stay

up熬夜；根據(jù)句意可知，空處要表達(dá)的是最終你將以背負(fù)這些仇恨而告終，endupdoing以（做）某事而告終。故選C。

（14）考查動詞。句意：你能想象一輩子心中都有仇恨是什么感覺嗎？believe相信；imagine想象；agree同意；wonder想知道；根據(jù)"If

you

cannot

tolerate

the

smell

of

rotten

potatoes

for

just

one

week"（如果你一個星期都忍受不了土豆腐爛的味道）可知，你根本想象不到一輩子都要聞這個氣味是什么感覺。故選B。

（15）考查形容詞。句意：把仇恨放在心里一輩子是很累人的。sad悲哀的；crazy瘋狂的；angry生氣的；tiring累人的。根據(jù)語境可知，把仇恨放心里一輩子，不會很輕松。故選D。

本文通過老師讓學(xué)生把土豆當(dāng)作自己討厭的人，討厭幾個人就帶幾個土豆，讓學(xué)生把這些土豆隨身攜帶一周，讓學(xué)生感受這些士豆帶來的麻煩，從而告訴學(xué)生：心中不要有仇恨，它會傷害他們的心靈。

首先通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結(jié)合所學(xué)語法，運(yùn)用排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對答案。

32.【答案】【小題1】sense【小題2】pleasure【小題3】tired【小題4】giving【小題5】down【小題6】what【小題7】difficulty【小題8】in【小題9】such【小題10】offered【解析】（1）考查名詞。句意：這個關(guān)于他的故事表明他不僅聰明，而且有幽默感。asenseofhumor意為"幽默感"。故填sense。

（2）考查名詞。句意：很高興能開車送你這樣的天才，愛因斯坦博士。It'sapleasuretodosth意為"很高興做某事"。故填pleasure。

（3）考查形容詞。句意：我太累了。根據(jù)后文講述"愛因斯坦希望能避免今晚的演講"可知，tired"勞累的"符合句意。故填tired。

（4）考查動名詞。句意：漢斯，我希望今晚能避免演講，但我不想讓聽眾失望。givemylecture"演講"符合句意，avoiddoingsth"避免做某事"，故用give的動名詞形式giving。故填giving。

（5）考查短語。句意：漢斯，我希望今晚能避免演講，但我不想讓聽眾失望。letsbdown意為"使某人失望"。故填down。

（6）考查連接代詞。句意：我知道該怎么辦。根據(jù)句子，可知本句為賓語從句，do后缺賓語，故用what。故填what。

（7）考查名詞。句意：愛因斯坦坐了下來，毫無困難地聽了漢斯的演講，并在演講結(jié)束時加入了掌聲。根據(jù)句意，可知毫無困難地聽了漢斯的演講，difficulty"困難"，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填difficulty。

（8）考查介詞。句意：現(xiàn)在我們有麻煩了。beintrouble意為"處于麻煩中"。故填in。

（9）考查形容詞。句意：這是一個如此容易的問題以至于連我的司機(jī)都能回答。such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that+句子"如此一個的以至于"。故填such。

（10）考查動詞。句意：過了一會兒，漢斯主動提出要開車。offertodosth意為"主動提出做某事"，根據(jù)前句的left，可知時態(tài)為一般過去時，offer的過去式為offered。故填offered。

本文講述了一天晚上，愛因斯坦要去演講，但是他很累，希望能避免今晚的演講，但是他不想讓聽眾失望，最后愛因斯坦的司機(jī)漢斯代替愛因斯坦上臺演講。

根據(jù)短文大意和語境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順，語法正確，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，注意單詞的適當(dāng)形式。

33.【答案】【小題1】so【小題2】is【小題3】that【小題4】by【小題5】which【解析】（1）考查連詞。句意：所以每年的新