附錄I外文翻譯基于特征的，參數(shù)化建模系統(tǒng)的CAD/CAPP/CAM集成系統(tǒng)摘要：較短的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)時(shí)間，本文提出了一種方法，發(fā)展基于特征的參數(shù)化產(chǎn)品建模系統(tǒng)是適合的綜合工程設(shè)計(jì)CIMS環(huán)境下。建筑的zd-mcadii的特點(diǎn)和它的每個(gè)模塊areis管理詳細(xì)的介紹。zd-mcadii的產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)的一種面向?qū)ο蟮臄?shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)，奧斯卡，以及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一步。為產(chǎn)品模型是建立在根據(jù)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)是建立在一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的產(chǎn)品型號(hào)，所有產(chǎn)品的數(shù)據(jù)，全球相關(guān)的在zd-mcadii。zd-imcadil提供了各種設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)，以促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)，并支持完整的CAD，CAPP和CAM的。一導(dǎo)言與增加的步伐，科技發(fā)展和國際競爭，今天的工業(yè)環(huán)境，是要求作進(jìn)一步的改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量和效率。因此，研究和商品化的現(xiàn)代CAD/CAM技術(shù)的重點(diǎn)是基于特征的建模［一］，參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)，甚至對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng)（conlputer集成制造系統(tǒng)），以減少差距，這之間存在著傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和制造業(yè)，并提高其效率的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)。因此，特征技術(shù)和參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)是中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用，在現(xiàn)代的CAD系統(tǒng)。主要的原因在于在這方面基于特征的設(shè)計(jì)，支持一體化的CAD，CAPP和CAM系統(tǒng)，參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)將減少產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)周期時(shí)間急劇變化。實(shí)體建模有助于快速，高效，有競爭力的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)，并能模擬地下性質(zhì)的實(shí)物（如體積，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量，和重心）。對(duì)比之下，三維線框和表面模型只模擬形狀的實(shí)物。因此，大多數(shù)的CAD/CAM開發(fā)商選擇實(shí)體模型作為幾何模型的產(chǎn)品。二概述zd-mcadiizd-mcadii是一種產(chǎn)品建模系統(tǒng)浙江研制的人工情報(bào)研究所是一個(gè)基于特征的參數(shù)化建模系統(tǒng)的大學(xué)。它結(jié)合cappkam系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)國家第七個(gè)五年計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目-“研究機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的CAD支撐軟件為vax系列（UNIX操作系統(tǒng)）”，結(jié)合國家863高技術(shù)。項(xiàng)目-“產(chǎn)品模型basedcad/CAPP/CAM集成系統(tǒng)”在第八個(gè)五年計(jì)劃時(shí)期。本文提出了一種方法，已應(yīng)用在我們的制度zd-mcadii,發(fā)展基于特征的參數(shù)化產(chǎn)品建模系統(tǒng)?；纠砟畹陌l(fā)展，zd-mcadii是目前所有產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)，在電腦內(nèi)部的代表性，提供建模技術(shù)，允許定義和操縱這些產(chǎn)品特性，并整合與CAD，CAM系統(tǒng)在CIMS環(huán)境。

Appli^ticnlicatioffiThearchitectscntcfFCd'iEli'-diiUSicatiQn；ExchangeInktffaceUnIXQ離弘?沖m訥PartOosigri&Dat如BalunnInkerla-ceOODB[OSCAR)ProductAppli^ticnlicatioffiThearchitectscntcfFCd'iEli'-diiUSicatiQn；ExchangeInktffaceUnIXQ離弘?沖m訥PartOosigri&Dat如BalunnInkerla-ceOODB[OSCAR)ProductDesign&ProdtfctM呂up馬吁■阪色ntG/G-i-tInterfile汁P^LInkerla-ceNErihiinfiUir舸1亍卅T-5lfirariM.臨Finis?i,召減DrswiigD@s^nOaign5hR4Ci16r圖1和圖2建筑zd-mcadii模zd-mcadii能捕捉到設(shè)計(jì)意圖，并允許設(shè)計(jì)師作出很大的變化，部分或大會(huì)在任何時(shí)間在設(shè)計(jì)過程中。參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了一個(gè)靈活的做法，三維參數(shù)化建模。它包括基準(zhǔn)的助手，如模式和組行動(dòng)，坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)，平面基準(zhǔn)，基準(zhǔn)曲線，基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，有助于改善設(shè)計(jì)師praductivityzd-mcadii的三維參數(shù)化模型，二維參數(shù)和裝配模型是相關(guān)的全球性，使任何的變化，onb或兩個(gè)，這些模式將導(dǎo)致任何其他相關(guān)的模型自動(dòng)更新。zd-mcadii的sketcher允許設(shè)計(jì)師建立尺寸驅(qū)動(dòng)的概況與幾何的限制，例如，并行，切，colinearity，抓獲自動(dòng)。設(shè)計(jì)師，系統(tǒng)會(huì)提示'智能線時(shí)，這些幾何約束的出現(xiàn)。zd-mcadii的限制，基于建模，使設(shè)計(jì)師的定義方程雙向定向有關(guān)的模型參數(shù)，以對(duì)外工程的要求，然后可以驅(qū)動(dòng)模型的幾何形狀?；谔卣鞯慕Ｔ趜d-mcadii允許設(shè)計(jì)，其中包括標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的設(shè)計(jì)元素在產(chǎn)品的幾何模型，并消除傳統(tǒng)的，時(shí)間長，業(yè)務(wù)建模，它提供了各種設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)，以促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)。zd-mcadii也可以讓設(shè)計(jì)師構(gòu)建自己的特點(diǎn)，圖書館與用戶定義的功能，所提供的zd-mcadii的功能模塊。zd-mcadii的功能編輯器可讓設(shè)計(jì)師修改的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)在屏幕上選擇維和進(jìn)入一個(gè)氦氖＆'vahe。用戶可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)功能的配置沒有任何限制，或尺寸，甚至更好，他可以添加尺寸和制約因素后，按一下功能重新定位，簡單的圖標(biāo)。zd-mcadii是可以轉(zhuǎn)換的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)，制造功能，用在CAPP和CAM其特征映射模塊。三建筑的zd-mcadii這是人所共知的一個(gè)開放的軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu)帶來''即插即用“的兼容性和自由選擇的應(yīng)用軟件。因此，作為一個(gè)excelient軟件，它必須有一個(gè)開放式體系結(jié)構(gòu)。從這個(gè)角度看，我們高度重視，就其建筑的同時(shí)，發(fā)展中國家zd-mcadii。圖1和圖2，說明建筑zd-mcadii。在底部的diagtam，有一個(gè)開發(fā)環(huán)境界面，這是獨(dú)立的裝置。在這模塊，了VAPI（虛擬應(yīng)用程序編程接口）為設(shè)計(jì)的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)提供。它是獨(dú)立于硬件和軟件平臺(tái)。了VAPI帶來很多好處，如便攜式，靈活，可擴(kuò)展性和可重復(fù)使用的，用戶界面（用戶界面）是一個(gè)事件驅(qū)動(dòng)的GUI,它可以be.a窗口，命令行，菜單，對(duì)話框，或其他類型的界面，需要用戶輸入的原料和生成一個(gè)命令流，并提供圖形的互動(dòng)。該functionsprovided由用戶界面模塊是：?可視化的圖標(biāo)，在線文件和在線幫助?多視圖顯示（自動(dòng)隱藏），彩色底紋。為U1提供動(dòng)態(tài)顯示回應(yīng)鼠標(biāo)移動(dòng)和按鈕的事件。?菜單customizer?采摘實(shí)體。欽點(diǎn)實(shí)體可以過濾使用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如實(shí)體類型，顏色，實(shí)體層和顯示地位，等等。?網(wǎng)格的支持。網(wǎng)格允許搶購到積極施工平面。?用戶定義的看法pdpm（產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)與產(chǎn)品管理）的核心zd-mcadii。pdpm對(duì)待產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)，包括施工圖設(shè)計(jì)，零件設(shè)計(jì)，裝配設(shè)計(jì)，以及產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理軟件。pdpm有管理能力的充分結(jié)合所有型號(hào)相同的產(chǎn)品。不同于傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)管理程序，重點(diǎn)放在managingfiles,zd-mcadii的pdpm是優(yōu)化管理模式，包括產(chǎn)品成分，人際關(guān)系，及其他相關(guān)資料。產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)，包括固體的幾何信息，特征信息，工程信息（寬容，素材，完成等），以及過程［6］，對(duì)象資料等，是由奧斯卡面向?qū)ο髷?shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)，開發(fā)的愛浙江大學(xué)。奧斯卡不僅支持研究所的表達(dá)模式［7］，并加強(qiáng)sdai［8］（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)訪問接口），而且還作為一個(gè)工程數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng)的CAD/CAPP/CAM集成系統(tǒng)。獨(dú)特的產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)，確保在奧斯卡的正確性，充分結(jié)合的所有型號(hào)。dei（數(shù)據(jù)交換接口）5月exporthmport產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)/從其他CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)。支持并行工程，CAD系統(tǒng)必須是開放和具有足夠的靈活性以交換的產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)與其他CAD系統(tǒng)或CAE技術(shù)，CAPP系統(tǒng)，CAM系統(tǒng)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)步驟［9］是首個(gè)國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織（ISO），使捕獲的信息組成一個(gè)電腦產(chǎn)品型號(hào)，在一個(gè)中立的形式，沒有廣播衛(wèi)星服務(wù)的完整性和完整性，在整個(gè)生命c(diǎn)yde一個(gè)產(chǎn)品［10］。其中最重要的要點(diǎn)，步驟，發(fā)展是正式的面向?qū)ο蠛陀?jì)算機(jī)processable語言表達(dá)，這是用來界定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在一個(gè)獨(dú)特的是一種趨勢，大部分和毫不含糊的方式。我們認(rèn)為，它的CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)將使他們的系統(tǒng)支持STEP標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在未來的。建模根據(jù)產(chǎn)品型號(hào)的一步，這是某些完整zd-mcadii支持的一步。因此，一個(gè)步驟的數(shù)據(jù)翻譯是沒有必要的任何更多，zd-mcadii是能夠產(chǎn)生STEP中性文件為一個(gè)產(chǎn)品或取出一個(gè)STEP中性文件toform內(nèi)部加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品模型直接。即zd-mcadii可以處理步驟的產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)。以及作為第一步，dei還支持其他is0或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如IGES的，一套，dwg檔，DXF格式等dei是如此膨脹，就是可以支持任何其他的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是現(xiàn)在還是一個(gè)新的翻譯后，只有一件事你必須這樣做，只是補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)dei。另一個(gè)方面zd-mcadii的開放是，它提供用戶應(yīng)用開發(fā)接口。此接口包含兩個(gè)部分：宏語言編程接口和C/C++編程接口。用戶可以四流動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)信息，在zd-mcadii在zd-mcadii，用戶開始設(shè)計(jì)，從三維特征建模，不同于傳統(tǒng)的二維圖紙?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)。圖3說明了流動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)信息，在zd-mcadii。1prbduct的繪圖會(huì)自動(dòng)生成，通過預(yù)測三維零件模型或三維裝配模型簡單。此外，繪圖將繼續(xù)充分協(xié)會(huì)與它的三維模型，當(dāng)3D模型的改

變，相關(guān)的圖紙或集會(huì)將自動(dòng)更新，以反映所做的更改在三維模型。與保持一致性和完整性，產(chǎn)品，時(shí)間長，設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)將變得非常方便和更多的本能。事實(shí)上，在70-80％的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)加以利用三維建模技術(shù)在發(fā)達(dá)國家和數(shù)目有一個(gè)非?？焖僭黾?，平均的國家，今天的世界。部分的工程設(shè)計(jì)（ped），是界定非幾何信息，如材料，寬容，完成后，熱軋過程中表面上，等后，生成零件模型，用戶可以進(jìn)入施工圖設(shè)計(jì)模塊（的DDM）出示詳細(xì)圖紙?jiān)摬糠?，或進(jìn)入裝配設(shè)計(jì)模塊（ADM）的建設(shè)和管理的超大型，復(fù)雜的集會(huì)與無限數(shù)量的元件，或輸入的過程中設(shè)計(jì)模塊（PDM）的。形成過程模型交付給一般事務(wù)的CAPP，這是一個(gè)過程，規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)，基于知識(shí)庫和專家系統(tǒng)技術(shù)。PartMndeiPnceesaRtwungPwwfrt.EJestgnDr^wnngaAssemWywaulMwiufadurifigMdCMIAasemWvttetign呦1PartMndeiPnceesaRtwungPwwfrt.EJestgnDr^wnngaAssemWywaulMwiufadurifigMdCMIAasemWvttetign呦1冷inslo^?>QtjHEtflrtdrawingOhsignNCSimulating圖3流動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)信息在zd-mcadii當(dāng)過程模型離開工藝規(guī)劃模塊（百萬分之一），這將轉(zhuǎn)化為制造模型所接受的一般事務(wù)凸輪CAM系統(tǒng)與職能的自動(dòng)化數(shù)控編程，干擾探測和處理，加工過程仿真，和一般職位-處理。u5iBrinpulimobfieLksyboardPPL戶w寸口叩眄稍!mauc&eieventhandierk^ytKiarduverHhantilerC/C+tcaHnZD-WCGAD-IIGOfTIFTIflniClSpreo&Esaru5iBrinpulimobfieLksyboardPPL戶w寸口叩眄稍!mauc&eieventhandierk^ytKiarduverHhantilerC/C+tcaHnZD-WCGAD-IIGOfTIFTIflniClSpreo&EsarUle-venthandlerPPLhandlerPartDoslgn■A毀呂bn□ift>rawlr>gCjff^phdct)Q!□爭Prod^j^fOadA呂七心曰DE刨fiUMP日七1De阿”CtJiQn□hplvrxfOSGARjImpon/EworEC/C++圖4流量控制在zd-mcadii五流量控制在zd-mcadii圖4，說明流量控制在zd-mcadii。組成部分，示意圖如下：?用戶輸入的組成，原料的命令和行動(dòng)，來自用戶輸入（通過鍵盤或使用鼠標(biāo)）或檔案載有命令編寫的腳本在脂肪酶。?用戶界面事件處理過程的用戶輸入，并劃分這些投入由三個(gè)部分組成：鼠標(biāo)事件，鍵盤事件和脂肪酶程序，然后提供這些資料，以3處理（鼠標(biāo)事件處理程序，keyboara事件處理程序和脂肪酶處理）。?鼠標(biāo)事件處理程序是專門設(shè)計(jì)，可讓用戶輸入的數(shù)據(jù)，從鼠標(biāo)的移動(dòng)或鼠標(biāo)的clickingevent，然后傳遞這些數(shù)據(jù)鼠標(biāo)到COM-mands處理器。?鍵盤事件處理程序，主要是為了收集鍵盤輸入進(jìn)入由用戶，然后提供鍵盤數(shù)據(jù)的命令處理器。以適應(yīng)在任何情況下，zd-mcadii可以運(yùn)行在正確的情況，用戶只有一個(gè)鍵盤和鼠標(biāo)沒有，副經(jīng)。?脂肪酶處理過程中用戶的書面房程序，并翻譯成脂肪酶的相應(yīng)的C/C++電話所提供的核心zd-mcadii。?命令處理器，開發(fā)的Unix工具包2:法和yacc，試圖了解鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤的數(shù)據(jù)資料，以及這些輸入的數(shù)據(jù)將被翻譯成內(nèi)核的C/C++的來電。?核心zd-mcadii包含幾個(gè)重要的30幾何建模工具，組件，包括部分設(shè)計(jì)套件（特征造型），裝配設(shè)計(jì)工具，繪圖設(shè)計(jì)工具包，圖形顯示試劑盒，產(chǎn)品管理工具包（面向?qū)ο髷?shù)據(jù)庫），和產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出工具包等。六結(jié)論zd-mcadii已實(shí)施在UNIXwmotif環(huán)境在Sun的Sparc工作站。我們所選擇的是更多的C/C++開發(fā)這一系統(tǒng)。金額超過45.0萬源線。該系統(tǒng)亦已結(jié)合我們的CAPP系統(tǒng)（一般事務(wù)的CAPP）和CAM系統(tǒng)（一般事務(wù)凸輪）zd-mcadii在綜合系統(tǒng)，一般事務(wù)iccc成功。也可以作為一個(gè)平臺(tái)，為制定未來的智能集成CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)與并行工程的設(shè)計(jì)能力。七參考文獻(xiàn)1+J.J.,Shah,“AssessmentofFeaturesrechnology,”CAD,vol.23,no.5,1991,pp.331-343.2+LiHailong,“TheResearchofFeature-BasedParametricforCIMS,”MSDissertation,ZhejiangM,odeiingSystemUniversity,1995.3+LiHailong,DongJinxiang,TanMengen,“Feature-BasedModelingSystemforMechanicalProductDesign,”inTheFourthinternationalConferenceonCAWCG,Wuhan,China,1995,pp.508-513.4+GeJianxin,“TheResearchandImplementationoftheNewPh.D.Dissertation,GenerationofCADSystem,”ZhejiangUniversity,1993.[5]GeJianxin,LiHailong,DongJinxiang,HeZhijun,“ConstrainBasedMethodforDescribingandInferringACTAAUTOMATICSiNICA,PositionofAssemblies,”vol.22,no.1,1996,pp.41-47.6+ShouYucheng,“DesignandImplementationofObject-OrientedEngineeringDatabaseManagementSystemSTEP,”Ph.D.Dissertation,ZhejiangUniversity,Under1993.IS0TC184/SC4DIS10303-11,“TheEXPRESSLanguageReferenceManual,”1992.IS0TC184/SC4/WG7N202Part22,“StandardDataAccessInterfaceSpecification,”1992.DocumentsofISO/TC184/SC4/WGs.H.Grabowski,R.AnderlandM.Schmitt,DasProdukt-modellkonzeptvonSTEP,VDI-Z,Nr,12,1989,pp.-84-96.附錄II外文文獻(xiàn)原文AFeature-Based,ParametricModelingSystemforCAD/CAPP/CAMIntegratedSystemAbstract：Toshorterproductdevelopmenttime,thispaperproposedanapproachtodevelopingfeaturebasedparametricproductmodelingsystemswhicharesuitableforintegratedengineeringdesigninCIMSenvironment.ThearchitectureofZD-MCADIIandthecharacteristicsofitseachmoduleareismanagedbyintroducedindetail.ZD-MCADII'sproductdataanobject-orienteddatabasemanagementsystemOSCAR,andtothestandardSTEP.Fortheproductmodelisbuiltaccordingtheproductdesignisestablishedonaunifiedproductmodel,allproductdataaregloballyassociatedinZD-MCADII.ZD-iMCADI1providesvariousdesignfeaturestofacilitatetheproductdesign,andsupportstheintegrityofCAD,CAPPandCAM.I.INTRODUCTIONWiththeincreasingpaceoftechnologydevelopmentandinternationalcompetition,today'sindustrialenvironmentisaskingforfurtherimprovementofdesignqualityandefficiency.Asaresult,researchandcommercializationofmodernCAD/CAMtechnologyarefocusingonthefeature-basedmodeling[I],theparametricdesign,andevenonCIMS(Con1puterIntegratedManufacturingSystem),toreducethegap,whichtraditionallyexistedbetweendesignandmanufacturing,andimprovetheefficiencyofproductdevelopment.So,featuretechnologyandparametricdesignareplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleinthemodernCADsystems.Themainreasonliesinthatfeature-baseddesignsupporttheintegrationofCAD,CAPPandCAMsystems,andparametricdesignwillreduceproductdesigncycletimesdramatically.Solidmodelingcontributestofast,efficient,competitiveproductdevelopment,andcansimulatethemasspropertiesofphysicalobjects(suchasvolume,momentsofinertia,andcenterofgravity).Incontrast,3Dwireframeandsurfacemodelsonlysimulatetheshapesofphysicalobjects.So,themostofCAD/CAMdeveloperchoosesolidmodelasgeometricmodelofproduct.【【OVERVIEWOFZD-MCADIIZD-MCADII[2-51isaproductmodelingsystemofZhejiangdevelopedbyArtificialIntelligenceinstituteisafeature-basedparametricmodelingsystemUniversity.ItintegratedwithCAPPKAMsystems.ThesystemisbasedontheachievementoftheNational7thfive-year-planproject--"TheresearchofthemechanicalproductCADsupportsoftwareforVAXseries(UNIXOS)",combinedwiththeNational863high-tech.Project--"ProductmodelbasedCAD/CAPP/CAMintegratedsystem"in8thfive-year-planperiod.Thispaperproposedanapproach,whichhasbeenappliedinoursystemZD-MCADII,todevelopfeature-basedparametricproductmodelingsystems.ThebasicideaofthedevelopmentofZD-MCADIIistopresentalltheproductcharacteristicsinacomputerinternalrepresentation,toprovidethemodelingtechniquesthatallowthedefinitionandmanipulationofthoseproductcharacteristics,andtointegratewithCAD,CAMsystemsinCIMSenvironment.ParametricmodelingofZD-MCADIIcancapturedesigntoaintentandallowsdesignertomakesubstantialchangespartorassemblyatanytimeduringthedesignprocess.Parametricdesignoffersaflexibleapproachto3D-parametricmodeling.Itincludesdatumaides,suchaspatternandgroupoperations,coordinatesystems,datumplane,datumcurve,anddatumpoint,thathelpimprovedesignerpraductivity.ZD-MCADII's3Dparametricmodel,2Dparametricandassemblymodelareassociatedgloballysothatanychangesinonbortwoofthesemodelswillcauseanyotherassociatedmodelsbeautomaticallyupdated.ZD-MCADII'ssketcherallowsdesignertobuilddimension-drivenprofileswithgeometricconstraintssuchas,parallelism,tangency,andcolinearity,capturedautomatically.Designerwillbepromptedby'Smart-Linewhenthesegeometricconstraintsemerge.ZD-MCADII'sconstraints-basedmodelingallowsdesignertodefineequationsbi-directionallyrelatingmodelparameterstoexternalengineeringrequirementswhichcanthendrivemodelgeometry.Feature-basedmodelinginZD-MCADIIallowsdesigntoincludestandarddesignelementsinproductgeometricmodelandeliminatestraditional,time-consumingmodelingoperations,anditprovidesvariousdesignfeaturestofacilitatetheproductdesign.ZD-MCADIIalsoallowsdesignertoconstructhisownfeaturelibrarieswithuser-definedfeatureprovidedbyZD-MCADII'sfeaturemodule.ZD-MCADII'sfeatureeditorallowsdesignertomodifyafeatureonscreenbyselectingthedimensionandenteringane&'vahe.Usercancreateafeaturefromaprofilethatlacksanyconstraintsordimensions,andevenbetter,hecanadddimensionsandconstraintslaterbyclickingthefeatureredefineiconsimply.ZD-MCADIIisabletoconvertdesignfeaturetomanufacturefeatureusedinCAPPandCAMbyitsfeaturemappingmodule.IIITHEARCHITECTUREOFZD-MCADIIItiswe11knownthatanopensoftwarearchitecturebrings‘‘plugandplay”compatibilityandfreedomofchoicetosoftwareapplications.So,asanexcelientsoftware,itmusthaveanopenarchitecture.Fromthisviewpoint,wepaymuchattentiononitsarchitecturewhiledevelopingZD-MCADII.

□NIXOS.OC++,5附F辺I.Tiearciiitectuncof/rNMCADSlD:時(shí)ingDes^nzi叫、1I<)snqe□NIXOS.OC++,5附F辺I.Tiearciiitectuncof/rNMCADSlD:時(shí)ingDes^nzi叫、1I<)snqeIri!erf3ce.1QODB(OSGAR)PnoriudUBSign&ProductlignBgeTTientAHUEmb^-OeEiign丄F^ejiurn。涉Si叭r.MfiflhinWiirS<iherJ■皿sam出C^WAiiifeInMirCBnxiCADa陰^MM!~~~~■A55￡Mnbl}i,Cd件卻jaiinJ愣Fif.2TH洙加礎(chǔ)ite刑出^fPco<IuctDesi&n&PnodtictManijjcn^tniModukFig.1andfig.2illustratethearchitectureofZD-MCADII.Atthebottomofthediagtam,thereisadevelopingenvironmentinterfacewhichisindependentofdevice.Inthismodule,AVAPI(VirtualApplicationProgrammingInterface)fordesignersofapplicationsystemissupplied.Itisindependentonthehardwareandsoftwareplatforms.VAPIbringsmuchbenefit,suchasportable,flexible,expandableandreusable,etc.UI(UserInterface)isaneventdrivenGUI,itcanbe.aofwindow,commandline,menu,dialogbox,orothertypeinterfacethattakesrawuserinputandgeneratesacommandstream,andprovidesgraphicinteraction.ThefunctionsprovidedbyUImoduleare:?Visualizedicons,on-linedocumentationandon-linehelp?Multi-viewsdisplaying(automatichidden),colorshading.U1providesdynamicdisplaytorespondtomousemovementandbuttonevents.?Menucustomizer?Pickingentities.Pickedentitiescanbefilteredusingcriteria,suchasentitytype,color,entitylayeranddisplaystatus,etc.?Gridsupport.ThegridallowssnappingontotheactiveConstructionPlane.?UserdefinedviewPDPM(ProductDesign&ProductManagement)isthekernelofZD-MCADII.PDPMtreatstheproductdesign,includingdrawingdesign,partdesign,assemblydesign,andtheproductdatamanagement.PDPMhasanabilitytomanagethefullassociativityofallmodelsofthesameproduct.Unliketraditionaldatamanagementprogramsthatfocusonmanagingfiles,ZD-MCADII'sPDPMisoptimizedtomanagemodelsincludingproductcomponents,relationships,andotherassociatedinformation.Productdata,includingsolidgeometricinformation,featureinformation,engineeringinformation(tolerance,material,finish,etc.),andprocess[6],anobjectinformation,etc.,ismanagedbyOSCARorienteddatabasemanagementsystem,developedbyAIofZhejiangUniversity.OSCARnotonlysupportsInstituteEXPRESSschema[7]andSTEPSDAI[8](StandardDataAccessInterface),butalsoactsasanengineeringdatamanagementsystemoftheCAD/CAPP/CAMintegratedsystem.TheuniquenessofproductdatainOSCARensuresthecorrectnessofthefullassociativityofallmodels.DEI(DataExchangeInterface)mayexporthmportproductdatato/fromotherCAD/CAMsystems.Tosupportconcurrentengineering,aCADsystemmustbeopenandflexibleenoughtoexchangeproductdatawithotherCADsystemsorCAE,CAPP,CAMsystems.ThestandardSTEP[9]isthefirstinternationalstandardundertakenbytheInternationalStandardOrganization(ISO),thatenablesthecaptureofinformationcomprisingacomputerizedproductmodelsinaneutralformwithoutbssofcompletenessandintegritythroughoutthewholelifecydeofaproduct[l0].OneofthemostimportantpointsoftheSTEPdevelopmentistheformalobject-orientedandcomputerprocessablelanguageEXPRESS,whichisusedtodefinethestandardinanuniqueisatrendthatmostandunambiguousway.WebelievethatitofCAD/CAMsystemdeveloperswillmaketheirsystemssupportSTEPstandardinfuture.FormodelingaccordingtheSTEPproductmodel,itiscertaincompletethatZD-MCADIIsupportsSTEP.Asaresult,aSTEPdatatranslatorisnotnecessaryanymore,ZD-MCADIIisabletogenerateSTEPneutralfileforaproductorretrieveaSTEPneutralfiletoforminternalSTEPproductmodeldirectly.Namely,ZD-MCADIIcandealwithSTEPproductdatawithoutanytranslation.AswellasSTEP,DEIalsosupportsotherIS0orindustrystandard,suchasIGES,SET,DWG,DXF,etc.DEIissoexpandablethatiscansupportanyotherstandardnoworanewtranslatoroflater,theonlythingyoumustdoisjustaddthatstandardtoDEI.AnotheraspectofZD-MCADII'sopennessisthatitprovidesuserapplicationdevelopmentinterface.Thisinterfacecontainstwocomponent:macrolanguageprogramminginterfaceandC/C++programminginterface.Usercantake.advantageofthesetwointerfacestodevelophisherownspecificapplication,suchaspipingdesignsystem,molddesignsystem,cablingdesignsystem,orapplicationscgnjunctedwithotherCAE/CAPP/CAMsystems.ZD-MCADII'smacrolanguageisaParametricProgramming(PPL),developedbyAIInstituteofZhejiangUniv.Languagealso,forwritingusercommandtoautomatetedious,repetitiveoperatqractivities.Ausercommandcanbeasinglecommandorawrieso?severalinteractivegraphiccommandswhichappeartotheuserasasinglecommand.AusercommandwritteninPPLiscontainedinanASCIIfile,anditcanbecompiledwithC/C++.AusercanusethePPLto:?aAutomaterepetitivetasks?Combineseveralcommandsfromthescreenmenutooperateasthoughtheywereasinglecommand?Modifytheuserinterfacetothescreenmenucommands'foranapplication.C/Ct-tpmgrammingdeveloptoolkitincludesseverallibraries,suchasgeometrymodel,graphicdisplay,eraction,database,partmanagement,andsoon.*0P^rfMydalNCMulotimAssernWyMXlClMnEmctu曲gModal30Geomine,莊列劇wpdaion.*0P^rfMydalNCMulotimAssernWyMXlClMnEmctu曲gModal30Geomine,莊列劇wpdai亠Pan*sfinoheeringDeEiQnFig.3.Fhwof4fcstEEiinfiwmationinZ?MCADllPrw#3JPfftAFWig□rawingD^si^nIV.FLOWOFDESIGNINFORMATIONINZD-MCADIIInZD-MCADII,userstartsadesignfrom3Dfeaturemodeling,unliketraditional2Ddrawingdesign.Fig.3illustratestheflowofdesigninformationinZD-MCADII.Aprbduct'sdrawingwillbegeneratedautomaticallythroughprojectinga3Dpartmodelor3Dassemblymodelsimply.Furthermore,thedrawingwillkeepThefullassociationwithits3Dmodel,andwhen3Dmodelbechanged,theassociateddrawingsorassemblieswillbeupdatedautomaticallytoreflectchangesmadein3Dmodel.Withmaintainingtheconsistencyandintegrityofaproduct,atime-consumingdesigntaskwillbecomeveryconvenientandmoreinstinctive.Infact,70-80percentofthemechanicaldesignbetakenadvantageof3Dmodelingtechnologyinthedevelopedandthenumberhasaveryquickincreaseaverthecountries,worldtoday.Part'sEngineeringDesign(PED)istodefinenon-geometricinformationsuchasmaterial,tolerance,finish,hotprocessofsurface,etc.Aftergeneratingthepartmodel,usercanenterDrawingDesignModule(DDM)toproducethedetaildrawingsforthatpart,orenterAssemblyDesignModule(ADM)toconstructandmanageultra-large,complexassemblieswithanunlimitednumberofcomponents,orenter

ProcessDesignModule(PDM)to.formtheprocessmodeldeliveredtoGS-CAPP,whichisaprocessplanningsystem,basedonknowledgebaseandexpertsystemtechniques.□mouseeventka/tioand■erjeniPPLUlevienth^ndl已「callsZD-MGA.CH]QflrniTianUsFPLWhentheprocessmodelleavingtheProcessPlanningModule(PPM),itwillbemouseeventProcessDesignModule(PDM)to.formtheprocessmodeldeliveredtoGS-CAPP,whichisaprocessplanningsystem,basedonknowledgebaseandexpertsystemtechniques.□mouseeventka/tioand■erjeniPPLUlevienth^ndl已「callsZD-MGA.CH]QflrniTianUsFPLWhentheprocessmodelleavingtheProcessPlanningModule(PPM),itwillbemouseevent申it色ruHahdkr詢曲13Key$。日沖dataP：artDesignAssemtilyDrawingGraphicOOD白PfMfb<*tDaia必色自口m電Mie財(cái)q日自1PeatfiinDuplay(QS&AR^JmpQrMExporlFig.^.riow-ofcantrarinZD-MCADIIconvertedintomanufacturingmodelacceptedbyGS-CAM,aCAMsystemwiththefunctionsofautomatedNCprogramming,interferencedetectionandhandling,machiningprocesssimulation,andthegeneralpost-processing.V.FLOWOFCONTROLINZD-MCADIIFig.4illustratestheflowofcontrolinZD-MCADII.Componentsofthe,diagramare:?Userinputconsistsofrawcommandsandactionsandcomesfromtheuserinput(throughthekeyboardorusingthemouse)orfilescontainingcommandscriptswritteninPPL.?UIeventhandlerprocessestheuserinput,anddividestheseinputintothreecomponents:mouseevent,keyboardeventandPPLprogram,thendeliverstheseinformationtothreehandlers(mouseeventhandler,keyboaraeventhandlerandPPLhandler)respectively.?Mouseeventhandlerisdesignedtogettheuserinputdatafrommouse'smovementorthemouse'sclickingevent,thentransmitsthesemousedatatotheCom-mandsprocessor.?Keyboardeventhandlerismainlytogatherthekeyboardinputenteredbyuser,thendeliversthekeyboarddatatotheCommandsprocessortoo.Tofitinanysituations,ZD-MCADIIcanrunco