組合練(八)語言知識(shí)精準(zhǔn)練完形填空＋語法填空Ⅰ.完形填空(2022·河南焦作一模)YusraMardini，oneofthe29refugee(難民)athleteschosentocompeteattheTokyoOlympics，hasmanagedtoprovethetenacity(堅(jiān)韌)ofhumanspirit.Beforeherlifetooka(n)1turn，MardinigrewupinSyria，abeautifulcountryfacinggreat2.Itwasn’tuntilshewas17thatsheandhersisterdecidedtoleavebehindtheircountryforabetter3.ThetwomadetheirwaytoGermanyinhopesof4anewlife.Onthelastlegoftheir5，asMardinirecalls，they6asmallrowboatbutthemotorstoppedworking.Foroverthreehours，thesistersswam7alongsidetheboatinfreezingMediterraneanwaters，workingtokeeptheboat8，whichwascarrying20people，untiltheyreachedtheirdestination9.Today，Mardiniisa10becauseofherbravery.At19，shewasappointedasaGoodwillAmbassadorfortheUNRefugeeAgencybuther11don’tendthere.TheOlympiancontinuestobe12aboutrefugeesandayearafterher13inGermany，shewas14tocompeteatthe2016OlympicsinRioforthewomen’s100mswim.“WhenI15，Iamnotonlyfightingformycountry，I’mfightingforthe16aroundtheworld，17tokeeptheirpassionsalivejustasIdid.Myaquatic(水上的)18havesavedmylifeinmorewaysthanone，”saidMardini.“IknowthatIamnotcarryingmycountry’sflag，butIamcarryingtheOlympicflagwhich19thewholeworld.Iamstandingforpeoplebeyond20，”shesaid.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了YusraMardini的故事。她幫助敘利亞難民一起逃離國家，安全抵達(dá)目的地；她被任命為聯(lián)合國難民署親善大使；憑著自己的游泳天賦，她是參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)的難民運(yùn)動(dòng)員，代表全世界無家可歸的人。1．A.natural B．unnecessaryC．unexpected D．impossible答案C解析natural自然的；unnecessary不必要的；unexpected出乎意料的；impossible不可能的。根據(jù)前文可知，YusraMardini是難民運(yùn)動(dòng)員，后文講述了發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變之前的生活，再結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，難民經(jīng)歷了出乎意料的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選C項(xiàng)。2．A.privilege B．trendsC．hardships D．discrimination答案C解析privilege特權(quán)；trend趨勢，時(shí)尚；hardship困境，艱難；discrimination區(qū)別對(duì)待，歧視。根據(jù)前文提及的“refugee(難民)”可推知，這里應(yīng)是指國家正面臨困境。故選C項(xiàng)。3．A.education B．futureC．employer D．company答案B解析education教育；future未來；employer老板，雇主；company公司。與后文“anewlife”相呼應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)是“abetterfuture(更好的未來)”。故選B項(xiàng)。4．A.starting B．defendingC．a(chǎn)ccepting D．describing答案A解析start開始；defend防御，保衛(wèi)；accept接受；describe描述。根據(jù)“inhopesof”可知，她們應(yīng)是希望開始新的生活。故選A項(xiàng)。5．A.journey B．programC．schedule D．effort答案A解析journey旅程；program節(jié)目；schedule工作計(jì)劃，日程安排；effort努力。根據(jù)前文“ThetwomadetheirwaytoGermany”可知，她們要去德國，后文“asMardinirecalls，theyasmallrowboatbutthemotorstoppedworking”提及的是她對(duì)這次海上之旅的回憶。故選A項(xiàng)。6．A.watched B．builtC．boarded D．drew答案C解析watch觀看，看管；build建立；board上船；draw繪畫。根據(jù)“asmallrowboat”可知，這里應(yīng)是上船。故選C項(xiàng)。7．A.happily B．excitedlyC．desperately D．easily答案C解析happily高興地；excitedly興奮地；desperately拼命地；easily容易地。根據(jù)前文“themotorstoppedworking”可知，船發(fā)動(dòng)不了了，且根據(jù)“Foroverthreehours，thesistersswam”可推知，她們應(yīng)該是拼命地在游。故選C項(xiàng)。8．A.steady B．tightC．clean D．separate答案A解析steady平穩(wěn)的；tight牢固的；clean干凈的；separate單獨(dú)的。根據(jù)前文船發(fā)動(dòng)不了了，她們?cè)诤＠镅刂呌慰芍?，?yīng)是為了使船保持平穩(wěn)。故選A項(xiàng)。9．A.secretly B．safelyC．gradually D．frequently答案B解析secretly秘密地；safely安全地；gradually逐漸地；frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)前文的動(dòng)作“reachedtheirdestination”可推知，應(yīng)用副詞“safely”表達(dá)“安全抵達(dá)”的含義。故選B項(xiàng)。10．A.hero B．participantC．doctor D．coach答案A解析hero英雄；participant參與者；doctor醫(yī)生；coach教練。根據(jù)后文“At19，shewasappointedasaGoodwillAmbassadorfortheUNRefugeeAgency”可知，她被當(dāng)作英雄。故選A項(xiàng)。11．A.chances B．titlesC．a(chǎn)dventures D．a(chǎn)ccomplishments答案D解析chance機(jī)會(huì)；title標(biāo)題，頭銜；adventure冒險(xiǎn)；accomplishment成就。根據(jù)后文“tocompeteatthe2016OlympicsinRio”可知，她還參加了奧運(yùn)會(huì)，由此可知，她所取得的成就不止于此。故選D項(xiàng)。12．A.crazy B．concernedC．cautious D．curious答案B解析crazy瘋狂的；concerned擔(dān)心的，關(guān)注的；cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；curious好奇的。根據(jù)前文的“refugee(難民)athletes”可知，奧運(yùn)會(huì)官方一直關(guān)心著難民，組織了難民運(yùn)動(dòng)員參賽。故選B項(xiàng)。13．A.arrival B．failureC．success D．involvement答案A解析arrival到達(dá)，抵達(dá)；failure失??；success成功；involvement參與。根據(jù)前文“ThetwomadetheirwaytoGermany”和“reachedtheirdestination”可知，這里應(yīng)是指她到達(dá)德國一年后。故選A項(xiàng)。14．A.meant B．forcedC．reminded D．invited答案D解析mean意味著；force強(qiáng)迫；remind提醒；invite邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)前文“YusraMardini，oneofthe29refugee(難民)athletes...”可知，她是難民運(yùn)動(dòng)員，應(yīng)是被邀請(qǐng)參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)的。故選D項(xiàng)。15．A.work B．graduateC．struggle D．compete答案D解析work工作；graduate畢業(yè)；struggle奮斗，斗爭；compete競爭，參加比賽。此處呼應(yīng)前文“tocompeteatthe2016OlympicsinRioforthewomen’s100mswim”中的“compete”。故選D項(xiàng)。16．A.hungry B．disabledC．homeless D．unemployed答案C解析hungry饑餓的；disabled殘疾的；homeless無家可歸的；unemployed失業(yè)的。根據(jù)前文“YusraMardini，oneofthe29refugee(難民)athletes...”可知，她是難民運(yùn)動(dòng)員，代表的是全世界無家可歸的人。故選C項(xiàng)。17．A.asking B．hurryingC．promising D．battling答案D解析ask詢問，要求；hurry急忙(做某事)；promise承諾，答應(yīng)；battle奮斗，斗爭。與前文動(dòng)詞“fighting”相呼應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)是“battling”。故選D項(xiàng)。18．A.targets B．talentsC．tools D．dreams答案B解析target目標(biāo)；talent天賦，才能；tool工具；dream夢想。根據(jù)前文“Foroverthreehours，thesistersswam”可知，姐妹兩人在海里游了三個(gè)多小時(shí)，幫助難民安全抵達(dá)，由此可知，她的水上天賦救了她。故選B項(xiàng)。19．A.signals B．informsC．encourages D．represents答案D解析signal發(fā)信號(hào)，示意；inform告知；encourage鼓勵(lì)；represent代表。結(jié)合常識(shí)分析可知，奧運(yùn)會(huì)會(huì)旗代表全世界人民。故選D項(xiàng)。20．A.control B．bordersC．reach D．limits答案B解析control控制；border國界；reach臂展，范圍；limit限制。根據(jù)前文“butIamcarryingtheOlympicflagwhichthewholeworld”可知，她拿著奧林匹克的旗幟，代表全世界無家可歸的人，這超越了國界。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.語法填空(2022·安徽安慶二模)The“24solarterms”areavitalpartoftheChinesecalendar，whichhas1.(it)originwiththeancientYellowRiverbasin.TheChinesecalendar2.(include)“24solarterms”providesdetailedguidelinesandtimetableforagricultural3.(activity)．Acompletesetof“24solarterms”first4.(appear)inanancientbookTheHuainanziinearlyHanDynasty.These24solartermsweresoonabsorbedintoTheTaichuCalendar，thefirstwelldocumentedcalendarin5.historyofChina.TheChineseAgricultureCalendaris6.(actual)acombinationofthelunarandsolarcalendarsystems.There7.(be)365.2422daysinone“siderealyear”while12lunarmonthsaddupto354days.Tomakeboththelunarcalendar8.thesolarcalendaragree，aleaplunarmonthneedstobeaddedevery2to3years.SincetheearlyHanDynasty，alunarmonthwithoutamajorsolarterm9.(adopt)asaleapmonth(閏月)．Withmorefar-reachingculturalexchanges，the“24solarterms”havebeenknown10.________peopleinotherpartsoftheworldandwereaddedtotheUNESCOWorldIntangibleCulturalHeritagelistin2016.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國的“二十四節(jié)氣”的由來和紀(jì)年方式。)1．答案its解析考查代詞。origin為名詞，意為“起源”，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)使