絕密★啟用前

202L2022學(xué)年河南省焦作市高二（下）期末英語試卷

學(xué)校:姓名：班級(jí)：考號(hào)：

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試

卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Fromvibrant,culture-fullcitiestopeacefulareasofoutstandingnaturalbeauty,theUKisa

diversedestinationfortravelers.HerearesomeofthebestplacestovisitintheUK.

Norwich,Norfolk

With31survivingmedieval（中世紀(jì)的）churches,Norvichisaneasilyoverlookedhistorical

treasure.Roadsidesignsshowthis"AFineCity"andforgoodreason.Thepubsareamongthe

bestinEngland,withthedelightfulAdamandEvedatingbackto1249.Andwithanannualarts

festivaltakingplaceeveryMay,itsmodemculturalofferingmakesitfarmorethanamuseum

piece.

Dungeness,Kent

TheonlyplaceappointedasadesertintheUK,Dungenessiscompletelyunique.Locatedon

theKentcoast,itswindsweptbeachesandinlandnaturereserve,coupledwithbigskiesandsea

air,makeittheperfectplacetospendanafternoongettingthefreshestairimaginable.The

coastalvillagewiththesamename運(yùn)somethingofatimechannel,witharailwaycarrying

passengersalongthecoasttothetownofHythe.

Manchester

NorthernEngland'scitiesoftengetunfairlycrowdedtogether,butthere'sadistinctiveness

betweenLeeds,Bradford,LiverpoolandManchesterthatmakesthemallworthavisit.It'sthe

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latter,though,that'sthebighitter.ThevibrantNorthernQuarterisgreatforshopping,while

placessuchasBridgewaterHall,HomeandtheAlbertHallmakeittheplaceforculture

lovers.ForgetcomplaintsaboutthewetweatherinEngland：Manchesteristherealdeal.

Glasgow

ItseasytooverlookGlasgow,whichisthecharmofEdinburgh.ButasScotland'slargestcityit

easilymatchesthecapitalwhenitcomestoarchitecture,artandculture.TheKelvingroveArt

Galleryisworld-class,whiletheWestEnd'sshopsandbarsaretheperfectplacestospenda

relaxingafternoon.Withathrivingmusicsceneandtoprestaurantsliketheaward-winning

Stravaigin,it'sundoubtedlyoneofthecountry'sbestdestinationsforacitybreak.

1.WhatcanyouseeinNorwich,Norfolk

A.Ancientbuildings.B.Beautifulrivers.

C.Hugedeserts.D.Thickforest.

2.Wherecanyougoifyouenjoyexperiencingfreshseaair?

A.Norwich,Norfolk.B.Dungeness,Kent.

C.Manchester.D.Glasgow.

3.WhatdoManchesterandGlasgowhaveincommon?

A.Theybothhavepleasantweather.

B.Theyarebothfamousfortheirbars.

C.Theybothhaveconvenienttransportation.

D.Theybothattractculturelovers.

B

ElmerAlvarezwasahomelessmanwhenhefoundaSOKcheckinNew

Haven,Connecticut.Insteadofcashingitinforhimself,helookedforitsrightfulowner.

Theownerofthelargecheckwasarealestate（房地產(chǎn)）agentnamedRobertaHoskie.She

wasonabusyscheduledoingbusinessaroundtownwhenhercheckslippedawayinabusy

crossing.Shedidn'trealizeshelostituntilthenextday.

Theysettledthedaytheymettohandoverthecheck.Elmercamewithafriend.ltturnedouthe

couldn'tspeakEnglishthatwellandaskedforthehelpofastrangertotranslatewhathewanted

todo.RobertaalsofoundsomethingaboutElmerthatshockedher—Elmerwashomeless.

AndsinceRobertaisintherealestatebusiness,sherealizedshecouldsendElmertothereal

estateschooltobeapartofhercompany.Notonlythat,butshealsorewardedhimwithan

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apartmentandpaidsevenmonth'sworthofrenttohelphimgetbackonhisfeet.Roberta'sheart

wasdrawntoElmer'sstorybecauseitremindedherofherownpast.

Sheoncelivedinashelter,asasinglemomwithonlyaround@00toraiseherson—untilone

day,someoneblessedherwithajobthatledhertohersuccessrightnow.Herexperienceof

beinghomelessremindedherthatshecouldbeablessingtosomeoneandchangetheir

life,too.Ayearaftertheymet,RobertaandElmerstartedOutreachFoundation,atransitional

homeforhomelessteenagers,providingsupportlikechurchservices,substanceabuse

awareness,andeducation.

Elmer'shonestyissomethingthatshouldbeapplauded.Andintheend,hewentfromnothaving

aroofoverhishead,tobeingcapableoflendingahandtootherswhoarereallyinneed.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutRobertafromthetext

A.Sheishomeless.B.Sheisasuccess.

C.Sheisoutofwork.D.Shehasahappyfamily.

5.WhywasRoberta'sheartattractedbyElmer'sstory?

A.Becauseshewasreadytohelpothers.

B.BecauseElmer'sstorywasmoving.

C.Becauseshewasthankfultohim.

D.Becauseshehadasimilarexperience.

6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElmer?

A.Honestandlucky.B.Helpfulandenergetic.

C.Poorandsensitive.D.Skillfulandgenerous.

7.WhatdoesElmer'sstorytellus

A.It'snevertoolatetolearn.

B.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.

C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.

D,Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

C

AboutoneinfiveAmericanswhohavelostweighthavekeptthosepoundsoffforalong

time.AnewCalPolystudypoweredbymachinelearningshowssomesecretstohowpeople

loseweightandkeepitoff；perseveringdespitesetbacks（挫折）,regularlylookingbackat

whattheirlifewaslikebeforetheweightloss,andremainingfocusedontheirhealth.

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Thestudy,publishedFeb.9inObesity：TheJournalofTheObesitySociety,isthefirst

large-scaleonethatallowedweight-lossmaintainerstoidentifyintheirownwordswhathelped

themsucceed.Theyansweredopen-endedquestionsabouttheirmotivations（inthepastand

present）,strategiesformaintainingweightlossandtheresultinglifestylechanges.Researchers

thenusedmachinelearningtogroupresponsesbytopic.

"Oneofthemostimpressivefindingswashowweight-lossmaintainersdescribedperseverance

（毅力）inthefaceofsetbacks,MsaidSuzannePhelan,aprofessorinCalPoly'sKinesiology

andPublicHealthDepartment.wholedthestudy."Weight-lossmaintainerssawsetbacksaspart

oftheirsuccessfuljourney.Setbackswerenotdescribedasfailures.Theywereseenasa

temporaryinteruptionintheirpath.Manyweight-lossmaintainersdescribedgettingbackon

trackatthenextmealorthenextdayandmeasuringoverallsuccessbasedonlord-comgoals

Respondents（調(diào)查對(duì)象）offeredadvicetoothersgoingthroughtheirownhealthand

weight-lostjourny.Manysaidthatperseverancewasvitalinovercomingtheinevitable（不可

避免的）setbacks.Theyencouradotherstotakeitdaybyday.Weight-lossmaintainersalso

describedconsistentlytrackingfoodintokeasashallwithinahealthylifestyle.Thestudyalso

foundthatweight-lossmaintainersremainmotivatedtomaintaintheweightlossmostlyby

healthandappearance,aswellasreflectingonpastexperiences.

8.Howwerethegroupresponsesdivided

A.Bytopic.B.Byage.C.Byeducation.D.Byincome.

9.Whichofthefollowingmayweight-lossmaintainersagreewith

A.Setbacksmeanweight-lossfailure.

B.Nevergooffyourweight-losspath.

C.Overallsuccessisbasedonshort-termgoals.

D.Setbacksmaydisturbweightlossforthetimebeing.

10.Accordingtorespondents,whatisfundamentalinovercomingsetbacks?

A.Beingonadiet.B.Stickingtoyourgoals.

C.Centeringonyourhealth.D.Reviewingyourpastlife.

11.Inwhichsectionmaythetextappearinanewspaper

A.Travel.B.Health.

C.Entertainment.D.Economy.

D

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NewMontereyBayAquarium-ledresearchshowsextremelywarmoceantemperaturesdriven

byclimatechangearethenewnormal.Thestudy,publishedtodaybyPLOSClimate,establishes

thatmorethanhalfoftheoceansurfacehasexceededC超過）ahistoricalheatextremelimiton

aregularbasissince2014.

Anditistheseheatextremes,researcherssay,thatincreasetheriskofbreakdownofmarine

ecosystems（海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)），includingcoralreefs,seagrassmeadows,andhelp

forests—changingtheirstructureandfunction,andthreateningtheircapacitytocontinueto

providelife-supportingservicestohumancommunities.

Researchersconductedthestudybymapping150yearsofseasurfacetemperaturesto

determineafixedhistoricalbenchmark（基準(zhǔn)）formarineheatextremes.Thescientiststhen

lookedathowoftenandhowmuchoftheoceanwentbeyondthispoint.Thefirstyearinwhich

morethanhalfoftheoceanexperiencedheatextremeswas2014.Thetrendinfollowing

years,reaching57percentoftheoceanin2019,thelastyearmeasuredinthestudy.Usingthis

benchmark,justtwopercentoftheocean'ssurfacewasexperiencingextremelywarm

temperaturesattheendofthe19thcentuiy.

"Thesegreatchangeswe'verecordedintheoceanareyetanotherpieceofevidencethatshould

beawake-upcalltoactonclimatechange,"saidDr.KyleVanHoutan,whoheadedtheresearch

team/'Weareexperiencingitnow,anditisspeedingup.Today,themajorityoftheocean's

surfacehaswarmedtotemperaturesthatonlyacenturyagooccurredasrare,once-in-50-year

extremewarmingevents,anditindicatesthatweneedtogreatlyreduceemissiorfc排放）from

theburningoffossilfuels,whicharethedriverofclimatechange.'1

12.Whatcausedtheheatextremesaccordingtothetext?

A.Waterpollution.B.Thelifeintheocean.

C.Climatechange.D.Marineecosystems.

13.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordnsustained"inparagraph3?

A.Changed.B.Decreased.C.Continued.D.Arose.

14.WhatcanweknowfromDr.Houtan^words

A.It'stimetotakeactiononclimatechange.

B.Weshouldstopburningfossilfuelstotally.

C.It'stooearlytosayhowclimatechangewillaffecthumans.

D.Noocean'ssurfacehaswarmedtoextremelywarmtemperatures.

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15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A.COemissionsneedreducingsignificantly.

B.Warmingoceansisthedriverofclimatechange.

C.Thestructureofmarineecosystemsischanging.

D.Extremeheatisthenewnormalfortheocean.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

ManypeoplearesufferinginsilencefrombadInternetconnections,unawarethattheycan

easilyincreasetheirInternetspeedwithafewsimplechangestohowtheyorganizetheir

devices(設(shè)備).(1)

Putyourrouter(路由器)intherightplace.

Weallknowthatthecloseryouaretotherouter,thebetteryourInternetspeedwillbe.Wi-Fi

can'ttravelthroughthickwallsorlargeobjects.(2)Thebestplacestoputroutersardncentral

locationsandhighupwithnoobstacles.

13L

Wirelessrouterscanalsobeeasilyaffectedbyotherelectricalgoods.Totestthis,runaspeed

testandthentryswitchingoffallelectricaldevicesexceptyourrouterandrunninganothertest

tocheckanydifference.Itemslikecordlesstelephones,bulbs,babymonitors,TVsandscreens

canallaffectyourbroadbandspeediftheyaretooneartherouter.

Useawirelessbooster(增壓器).

Wirelessboostersarethingsthatcansuperchargeyoursignalacrossyourhome.Thisis

normallydonebypeopleinlargehomesorinpropertieswithblackspotsforsignals.Butthese

boostersonlyextendthesignalyouhave.(4)

Yourbroadbandsuppliermightsendyouafreeboosterifyoucan'tgetthesignalincertain

rooms.

TurnoffWi-Fidevicesnotbeingused.

ThemoredevicesthatareconnectedtoyourWi-Fi,theslowertheoverallspeed.Switching

devicesoffcanhelpgetbetterconnectivity.(5)

A.UsewiresinsteadofWi-Fi.

B.Theycan'timproveit.

C.Keeproutersawayfromotherdevices.

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D.Whereyouputyourroutercanmakeahugedifference.

E.Herearesomefreewaystoimproveyourbroadbandspeed.

F.SotryturningofftheWi-Fireceptionwhentheseitemsarenotinuse.

G.Pluggingyourcomputerintotherouterdirectlycangreatlyimprovespeed.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

CompanieslikeComcasthandleseveralclients(客戶).Sotheyare(21)toreceivetonsofcalls

dealingwithmultiple(22)likecredit,billing,technicalsupportandmore.KimberlyWilliamsis

oneoftheagentsinComcast.Oneday,shereceivedacallthat(23)changingthecaller'slife.

Atfirst,itwaslikeanysupportcallshe(24)atwork.Dan,themanontheother(25),was

callingto(26)somecableproblems.However,laterinthecall,hestarted(27)incoherently(無

條理地).Shehadafeelingthatsomethingwasn'.Concerned,Kimbercalledoutthe

customer'snamefourtimesbeforehisphonedropped.Sh￡429)calledtheattentionofher

managerthroughchat,tellingherthatacallerseemedtohavehadastroke.Hermanagerfelt

the(30)ofthesituation.Theytriedeverythingtheycouldtosavehislife.

Danwas(31)hemadethatcall.Hewasthinkingofeitherdoingsomeyardworkorcalling

Comcastforhiscableissues.Then,everything(32)sofast.Hedidn'thave(33)onhisarms,his

rightfootdidn'twork,andhecouldn'tmakeasound.AndtherestofitisthestoryasKimberly

wentonto(34thelp.Responderswenttohishomeand_(35)himtothehospital.Danreceived

the(36)careheneeded.Hewasrecoveringandvery(37)now.

DansentanemailtothankKimberly.Hermanager,JenniferClark,wasalsovery(38)ofwhat

Kimberlydid.Shepraisedthe(39)fbrgoingaboveandbeyondherdutiesandforhowshe

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trustedherinstincts(本能)andneversecond-guessedherself.Kimberly'squick(40)was

indeedamatteroflifeanddeath.

21.A.allowedB.expectedC.recommendedD.reminded

22.A.goalsB.choicesC.concernsD.schedules

23.A.endedupB.aimedatC.wentaboutD.putoff

24.A.appliedB.providedC.missedD.received

25.A.lineB.teamC.endD.stage

26.A.designB.createC.addressD.avoid

27.A.cheeringB.cryingC.singingD.speaking

28.A.obviousB.rightC.easyD.fair

29.A.graduallyB.eventuallyC.immediatelyD.frequently

30.A.urgencyB.popularityC.necessityD.certainty

31.A.regretfulB.clearC.curiousD.thankful

32.A.shookB.happenedC.improvedD.disappeared

33.A.strengthB.marksC.scarsD.stress

34.A.spreadB.reachC.seekD.accept

35.A.treatedB.invitedC.followedD.rushed

36.A.extraB.emergencyC.traditionalD.body

37.A.aliveB.patientC.disappointedD.afraid

38.A.awareB.ignorantC.proudD.ashamed

39.A.companyB.callerC.doctorD.employee

40.A.glanceB.actionC.recoveryD.progress

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.ChristopheDuhi,executivedirectoroftheOlympicDepartmentoftheInternational

OlympicCommitteeCIOC),(1)(praise)theBeijingWinterOlympicsonThursday.He

saidtheoperationoftheGamessincethestartofthegameshadbeenverysuccessful.Duli

introducedthattheIOCpresidentThomasBachusedtohaveaveryimportantmeeting

everymorningtogothroughGamescoordination,buthecalleditoffjustafewdays

before,(2),asDubiexplained,was"veryrare".

Thissaysalotaboutthequalityoftheorganizationandtheattentiontothedetails.(3)

particular,theorganizersaredoingeverythingJ4J-(support)theathletes.Noathleteshave

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saidanythingcritical.Onthecontrary,theyareallsmilingandpraisingthequalityofthe

organization,thefood(5)theaccommodation."Whentheathletesare(6)(satisfy),you

canexpectsomethingmore,"hesaid.

"Youhavethemostadvancedweatherforecastingsystemintheworld,greatoperators(7)

(join)handswiththeInternationalFederationsandthemedia.Whatevertheweather

throwsatus,we'regoingtomeetthechallenges.!neverexpectsthatyouwouldgooverand

above,*'hesaid.Whenaskediftherewasamomentofconcernaboutthereschedulingof

Beijing2022,Dulisaid"no"withoutany(8)(hesitate).

n(9)amazedmeatthetimeandcontinuestoamazemetodayisthedynamism,the

incrediblewillofChinaandBeijingasacitytodevelopitselftoconstantlystrivefbr

improvement,"Dubinoted."Icanimaginethatafterthesuccessof2008and2022

OlympicGames,Chinawillcontinueto(unbelievable)successful."

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題，共10.0分)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中

共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除

或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(八)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

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DearEric,

Howareeverythinggoingwithyou?LearningthatIwanttoworkinBeijingfora

while,nowIamwritinggiveyousomeinformation.It'saboutanadvertisementinthatyou

mightbeinterested.TheotherdayIseeanadinthenewspaper.TalentEnglishTraining

SchoolislookingforthecoupleofnativeEnglishteacherswithauniversitydegreein

educationorotherrelatedfield.Aforeignexpertcertificateisalsorequiring.!thinkyouare

justthekindofpersontheywant.Ifyouareinterested,youcancontactontheschool.You

candial7865466orsendthemanemail.Iwishyougoodlucky!

Yours,

LiHua

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.中國美食享譽(yù)世界，你最喜歡的食物是什么？請(qǐng)你以“MyFavoriteFood”為題，向英

語校刊投稿。內(nèi)容包括：

1.你最喜歡的食物；

2.喜歡該食物的原因。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

MyFavoriteFood

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答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、D

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Norwich,Norfolk部分中的With31survivingmedieva

（中世紀(jì)的）churches,Norwichisaneasilyoverlookedhistoricaltreasure.（諾維奇擁有31

座現(xiàn)存的中世紀(jì)教堂，是一個(gè)容易被忽視的歷史寶藏。）可知，Norwich有31座幸存

下來的中世紀(jì)教堂，因此來到這里的人能夠看到很多古建筑。故選A。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dungeness,Kent部分中的LocatedontheKentcoast,itswindswept

beachesandinlandnaturereserve,coupledwithbigskiesandseaair,makeittheperfectplaceto

spendanafternoongettingthefreshestairimaginabe.（位于肯特海岸，海風(fēng)吹拂的海灘和

內(nèi)陸自然保護(hù)區(qū)，加上廣闊的天空和海洋空氣，使它成為一個(gè)完美的地方，花一個(gè)下午

獲得最新鮮的空氣，可以想象。）可知，在Dungeness,Kent可以體驗(yàn)新鮮的海洋空氣。故

選B。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Manchester部分中的ThevibrantNorthernQuarterisgreatfor

shopping,whileplacessuchasBridgewaterHall,HomeandtheAlbertHallmakeittheplacefor

culturelovers.（充滿活力的北區(qū)是購物的好地方，而布里奇沃特大廳、家和阿爾伯特大

廳等地方則是文化愛好者的地方。）和Glasgow部分中ButasScotland'slargestcityiteasily

matchesthecapitalwhenitcomestoarchitecture,artandcultured但作為蘇格蘭最大的城市，

在建筑、藝術(shù)和文化方面，它很容易與首都媲美。）可知，曼徹斯特和格拉斯哥都有豐

富的文化。故選D。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了英國一些值得參觀的城市。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出

相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。同時(shí)也要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理

的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C

（Oil（1）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Theownerofthelargecheckwasarealestate

（房地產(chǎn)）agentnamedRobertaHoskie.（這張大額支票的主人是一個(gè)名叫RobertaHoskie

的房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人。）以及第四段首句AndsinceRobertaisintherealestatebusiness,she

realizedshecouldsendElmertotherealestateschooltobeapartofhercompany.（既然

Roberta在房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)里，她意識(shí)到她可以送Elmer去房地產(chǎn)學(xué)校，成為她公司的一員。）

可知，Roberta是一名成功人士。故選B。

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（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句Roberta'sheartwasdrawntoElmer'sstory

becauseitremindedherofherownpast.（Roberta的心被Elmer的故事給吸引了因?yàn)樗?/p>

她想起了她的過去。）以及第五段的第二句Herexperienceofbeinghomelessremindedher

thatshecouldbeablessingtosomeoneandchangetheirlife,too.（她無家可歸的經(jīng)歷提醒著

她，她也可以給某人帶來福氣并改變他們的一生。）可知，Elmer的故事使Roberta產(chǎn)

生了共鳴，讓她想起了她有過類似的過去。故選D。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Insteadofcashingitinforhimself,helookedfor

itsrightfulowner.（沒有將這張支票換成現(xiàn)金給自己用，反而他尋找這張支票合法的主

人。）以及最后一段第一句Elmer'shonestyissomethingthatshouldbeapplauded.（Elmer

的誠實(shí)是某種應(yīng)該得到贊賞的東西。）可知，Elmer是一個(gè)十分誠實(shí)的人：再根據(jù)第四段

的第二句Notonlythat,butshealsorewardedhimwithanapartmentandpaidsevenmonths'

worthofrenttohelphimgetbackonhisfeet.（不僅如此，她還獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他一個(gè)公寓并為他支

付了7個(gè)月的租金來幫助他重新振作起來。）可知，Elmer因?yàn)槭敖鸩幻炼艿絉oberta

的慷慨相助，解決了他無家可歸的問題。因此Elmer也是幸運(yùn)的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)

A.Honestandlucky.誠實(shí)且幸運(yùn)的；B.Helpfulandenergetic.樂于助人且精力充沛的；

C.Poorandsensitive.貧窮而敏感的：D.Skillfulandgenerous.嫻熟大方的。故選A。

（4）C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句Notonlythat,butshealsorewardedhimwithan

apartmentandpaidsevenmonths'worthofrenttohelphimgetbackonhisfeet.（不僅如此，

她還獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他一個(gè)公寓并為他支付了7個(gè)月的租金來幫助他重新振作起來。）以及最后一

段第一句Elmer'shonestyissomethingthatshouldbeapplauded/Elmer的誠實(shí)是某種應(yīng)該

得到贊賞的東西。）可知，Elmer拾金不昧的行為得到失主的欣賞，也得到了失主的幫

助，解決了他無家可歸的狀況，因此Elmer的故事告訴我們：好人有好報(bào)。故選C。本

文是一篇記敘文。講述流浪漢Elmer撿到巨額支票物歸原主以及他和支票主人之間一些

動(dòng)人的故事。1.直

接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本

一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上

與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這

類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同

的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

8~11.【答案】A、D、B、B

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【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Researchersthenusedmachinelearningto

groupresponsesbytopic.（然后，研究人員使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)按主題對(duì)回答進(jìn)行分組。）可知，

研究人員使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)來根據(jù)話題對(duì)回答進(jìn)行分組。故選A。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Setbackswerenotdescribedasfailures.Theywereseen

asatemporaryinterruptionintheirpath.（挫折并沒有被描述為失敗。他們被看作是他們

前進(jìn)道路上的暫時(shí)中斷。）可知，挫折被視為是減肥者前進(jìn)道路上的暫時(shí)的障礙。故選

Do

（3汨.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Manysaidthatperseverancewasvitalinovercoming

theinevitable（不可避免的）setbacks.（許多人說，堅(jiān)持不懈是克服不可避免的挫折的關(guān)

鍵。）可知，堅(jiān)持不懈是克服不可避免的挫折的必要條件。故選B。

（4）B.文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中AnewCalPolystudypoweredbymachinelearning

showssomesecretstohowpeopleloseweightandkeepitoff：perseveringdespitesetbacks

（挫折），regularlylookingbackatwhattheirlifewaslikebeforetheweightloss,and

remainingfocusedontheirhealth.（加州理工大學(xué)一項(xiàng)由機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)支持的新研究揭示了人

們?nèi)绾螠p肥并保持體重的一些秘密：盡管遭遇挫折，但仍堅(jiān)持下去，定期回顧減肥前的

生活，并始終關(guān)注自己的健康。）可知，本文介紹了減肥成功并保持下去的人士的成功

秘訣，因此文章可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在健康版塊中。故選B。

本文是一篇說明文。介紹了減肥成功并保持下去的人士的成功秘訣。

做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】C、C、A、D

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的NewMontereyBayAquarium-ledresearch

showsextremelywarmoceantemperaturesdrivenbyclimatechangearethenewnormal.（蒙

特利灣水族館領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，氣候變化導(dǎo)致的極端溫暖的海洋溫度是新常態(tài)。）可

知，氣候變化導(dǎo)致了海洋溫度的極端升高。故選C。

（2）C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段

Thefirstyearinwhichmorethanhalfoftheoceanexperiencedheatextremeswas2014.Thet

rend___infollowingyears,reaching57percentoftheoceanin2019,

thelastyearmeasuredinthestudy.（2014年是超過一半的海洋經(jīng)歷極端高溫的第一年。

這一趨勢(shì)在隨后幾年持續(xù)，2019年達(dá)到海洋的57%,這是研究中測(cè)量的最后一年。）

可知，從2014年到2019年，高溫狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)。故該詞表示”持續(xù)*與continue同義。

A.Changed改變；B.Decreased減少；C.Continued繼續(xù)；D.Arose引起。故選C。

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（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Thesegreatchangeswe'verecordedintheoceanareyet

anotherpieceofevidencethatshouldbeawake-upcalltoactonclimatechangeC我們?cè)诤Ｑ?/p>

中記錄的這些巨大變化是另一個(gè)證據(jù)，應(yīng)該是對(duì)氣候變化采取行動(dòng)的警鐘）可知，從

Dr.Houtan的話可以了解是時(shí)候要重視氣候變化了。故選A。

（4）D.標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段NewMontereyBayAquarium-ledresearchshowsextremely

warmoceantemperaturesdrivenbyclimatechangearethenewnormal.（蒙特禾!）灣水族館領(lǐng)

導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，氣候變化導(dǎo)致的極端溫暖的海洋溫度是新常態(tài)。）可知，本文主

要介紹了海洋極端酷熱的現(xiàn)象將是一種新常態(tài)這一新研究。

Extremeheatisthenewnormalfortheocean.（極端高溫是海洋的新常態(tài)。）是合適的標(biāo)

題。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了海洋極酷熱的現(xiàn)象將是一種新常態(tài)。

做這類