2023年廣東省江門市統(tǒng)招專升本英語自考

測試卷（含答案帶解析）

學校:班級:姓名:考號:

一、單選題(20題)

1.Youallthosecalculations!Wehaveacomputertodothissortof

things()

A.needn'thavedone

B.can'thavedone

C.mustn'thavedone

D.couldn'thavedone

2.Mr.Black,ournewEnglishteacher,isstrictkind()

A.orB.butC.withD.aswell

3.ThedogwaitingbehindthegatelookedthatIdidnotdaretogoin()

A.mildB.fierceC.wildD.harmful

4.1fstoolatetogoout.,it'sgoingtorain()

A.OtherwiseB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Therefore

5.Let'sreadthenoveltogether,()

A.shallweB.willyouC.won'tyouD.shan'twe

6.()somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnowknown

A.WhichB.SinceC.AlthoughD.How

7.1fyouhadtakenmyadvicelastweek,youintroublenow()

A.mustnotbe

B.mustnothavebeen

C.arenottobe

D.wouldnotbe

8.Sincehegraduatedfromtheuniversity,heinanaccountingcompany

inBeijing()

A.hasbeenworking

B.hadworked

C.hadbeenworking

D.wasworking

9.1wastryingtodoistopersuademybrothertogiveupsmoking()

A.ThatB.NowC.WhatD.Which

lO.Myquestionisheleftornot()

A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when

11.—I'msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.

一Ithinkso.Heforitformonths()

A.ispreparing

B.waspreparing

C.hadbeenpreparing

D.hasbeenpreparing

12.Therearemanypeoplewhomakea(n)likeyou,buttheydon'tdo

anythingtoimproveourenvironment()

A.settlementB.commitmentC.disagreementD.equipment

13.youdecidetotakeup,youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess()

A.IfonlyB.UnlessC.WhereverD.Whatever

14.Trainingisprovided,sonoexperienceisrequiredforthejob()

A.previousB.principalC.followingD.precious

15.isleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,whereitwillkeepfor2to3

weeks()

A.WhateverB.AnythingC.SomethingD.Whichever

16.Theaudiencestoodand()attheendoftheperformance

A.welcomedB.clappedC.wavedD.celebrated

17.()isknowntoall,theearthmovesaroundthesunonceayear

A.ThatB.AsC.WhatD.It

18.Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchattheparty.Youwithus()

A.musthavecomeB.mustcomeC.shouldhavecomeD.shouldcome

19.Well,Tom,Ihavenothingsecrettotellyou.youwantmetosay()

A.Howisitthat

B.Howitisthat

C.Whatisitthat

D.Whatitisthat

20.PhysicsmyfavoritesubjectwhenIstudiedintheuniversity()

A.wereB.wasC.isD.are

二、選詞填空題(10題)

21.3.____

22.

A.easierB.gniupsC.ifD.payE.on

F.carefullyG.incomeH.thatI.whatJ.Ixirrow

Studentsatuniversitycanlearnandmakefriends1willlastalife

time.However,thecostofstudyingisontherise.Thisincreasemeansthat

moststudentscangetintomoneytrouble2theydonotknowhowto

managetheirmoney.Itisnotjustthecoursefees.Studentsmustalso3for

roomandboard.Inaddition,theymayspendmoney4clothes,travel,and

otherthings.Thus,studentsneedtobudget5.Atmostuniversitiesteachers

cangivestudentssuggestionsonhowtospendtheirmoney.Thefirstthing

theysuggestistowritedownyour6,forexample,themoneyyouwillget

fromyourfamilyorapart-timejob.Thenlistallofyourexpenses.Putyour

expensesintotwo7:thosethatchange(food,books,travel),andthosethat

willstaythesame(tuition,roomandboard).Addtogetherallofyour

expenses.Whenyoudothis,youfinditis8toplanoutyourbudget.This

meansyoucansaveyourmoney,ratherthantryingto9fromothers.Asyou

cansee,thereismoretolearnatuniversitythanjust10istaughtinthe

classroom.

23.

A.studiedB.(((>ntinuingC.byD.whoE.whoseF.improve

G.truthH.ignoredI.rwenllyJ.thoseK.forLlens

Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhogotoconcerts,showsandmuseums

canlivelongerthan1whodonot.ExpertsfromUniversityCollegeLondon

havebeenexaminingthelifestylesofover6,700Britishpeople215

years.They3howoftenthepeoplewentoutandwhatkindsofeventsthey

attended.Theyfoundthatpeopleover50yearsold4regularlywentto

concertswereabout30percent5likelytodieoverthenext14years.The

researcherssaidtheover50scouldextendtheirlife6engagingwiththe

arts.Inadditiontolivinglongerconcertgoerscouldalsohavemorefun.The

UKHealthSecretaryMattHancockbelievestherecouldbealotof7inthe

research.Hesaidartsandculturecould8thingslikementalhealth,agingand

loneliness.He9announcedplansfortheUK'sNationalHealthServiceto

usetheartstohelppeopleliveahealthierlife.Oneresearchersaid,“Our

resultshighlighttheimportanceof10toexplorenewsocialfactorsthat

affectourhealth.^^1.

三、填空題(5題)

24.Thepoliceweredelayedbytheofinformationaboutthecrime.

(absent)

25.Sheisalwaystohelpothers,(will)

26.Theprofessorhasalarge(collect)ofbooks

27.YesterdayI(receive)anemailfromoneofoursuppliersaboutthe

order

28.Ifyoureadthepaper(care),Iamsureyouwillpasstheexam

四、情景對話（5題）

29.3()

A.WhenIgowithoutit,Ifeelverybad

B.IwonderifIcouldhaveaglassofwater

C.WouldyoumindifIsmokedhere?

D.Yes,Ido

E.rilstartfromnowon!

3O.Task2(每小題2分,共10分)

M:Hello,Alice.71That'sabeautifulskirtyouarewearing.

W:Thankyou,Mark.

M:72I'dliketobuyoneformysister.

W:IboughtitatWangfujingDepartmentStore.

M:Oh,Iknow.Doyouthinkit'sanappropriategiftformysister?73

W:Ofcourse.Ithinkyoursisterwilllikeitverymuch.

M:74

W:Yes,altogethertherearefivecolors-black,yellow,blue,redandwhite.I

prefertheredone.

M:Howmuchisit?

W:It's$98.

M:75

W:Notatall.

A.Wheredidyoubuyit?

B.Youlooksoattractive.

C.Arethereanyothercolors?

D.Isee,thankyou.

E.Sinceherbirthdayiscoming

71.—()

31.M:Soyou'reinterestedinajobasawaitress.1

W:Yes,forthreeyearsatseveraldifferentrestaurants.NowI'mworkingat

theParkHoteldiningroomonHillStreet.

M:Theyhaveaverynicediningroomthere.2

W:BecauseIcan'tworkfulltimenow.I'mtakingsomecoursesata

university.

M:Isee.3

W:AlldayThursdayandFriday,SaturdayandSunday.

M:4We'relookingforsomeonewhocanhelpuswhenwegetverybusy.

That'sThursdayafternoon,Fridayafternoonandeveningaswellasallday

Saturday.TherestaurantisclosedonSunday.

W:That'sfinewithme.

M:Whencanyoustart?

W:5

M:That'sfine.ThefirstofMay.Bytheway,you'llget$8anhour,plustips,

ofcourse.

W:Good.Thanksveiymuch

1()

A.Thatsuitsusverywellactually

B.Whydoyouwanttoleave?

C.Um,haveyouworkedasawaitressbefore?

D.Onwhatdaysareyoufree?

E.Isthefirstofnextmonthallrightwithyou

32.M:Hello,IwouldliketospeaktoMr.Lee.

W:1

M:ThisisLinda,youroldfriend.

W:Oh,howareyou,Linda?2

M:Mr.Smithwrotetomethatyouwerecomingtoourcity.MayIseeyouat

yourhotelrightaway?

W:3Ihavetocheckmyschedule.Yes,that'sallright.

M:Great.Ellbethereinhalfanhour.

W:4

M:Oh,Ialmostforgot.What'syourroomnumber?

W:5Pleasecallmeifyoucan'tfindme.

M:Tildothat.Seeyoulater

1()

A.Pleaseholdonamoment

B.It'sNo.311onthesecondfloor

C.ThisisLeespeaking

D.Fmgladyoucalled

E.A11right,Filbeexpectingyou

33.Kay:Hello.Sue!

Sue:Hi.Kay!

Kay:l

Sue:No.Noonehastoldmeaboutthematch.2

Kay:Althoughtheopposingteamwasstrong,ourschoolwonatlast.

Sue:3Theyarereallygoodbasketballplayers.

Kay:Yes.Theycanplaybasketballbetterthanothersbecausetheypractice

muchmore.Ialways

seethempracticingontheplaygroundinthegymandsometimesrunning

aroundtheschool

track.

Sue:4

Kay:Yes.AndeitherJohnorTimwillbechosenastheBestSchoolAthlete

oftheYear.

Sue:Wow!5

Kay:Ithinkso

1()

A.Whowon?

B.Howhardtheypractice!

C.C.Theyarecool,aren'tthey?

D.Didyougotoseethebasketballgameyesterday?

E.IknowthatbothJohnandTimareontheteam

五、閱讀理解(5題)

34.Whatdidthewriterlearnfromtheblindman()

A.Oneshouldalwayslovesunnydays

B.Oneshouldtreasurewhatislostinlife

C.Oneshouldenjoythechangesinlife

D.Oneshouldvaluewhatlifehasgivenhim

35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE()

A.HolidayParksofferfacilitiesforshowerforeachcampervan

B.A11holidayparksprovideunitswithensuitefacilities

C.Separatebedroomsarecontainedbysomeunitswithensuitefacilities

D.HolidayParkshaverecreationalfacilitiessuchasplaygrounds

36.0verheadbridgesarefoundinmanypartsofBeijing,especiallyinplaces

wheretrafficisveryheavyandcrossingtheroadisdangerous.

Thepurposeofthesebridgesistoenablepedestrianstocrossroadssafely.

Overheadbridgesareusedinveiymuchthesamewayasazebracrossing.

Theyaremoreefficientalthoughlessconvenientbecausepeoplehaveto

climbupalongflightofsteps.Thisisinconvenientespeciallytoolderpeople.

Whenpedestriansuseanoverheadbridge,theydonotholdup

traffic.However,whentheycrossabusyroadusingazebracrossing,trafficis

heldup.Thisiswhythegovernmenthasbuiltmanyoverheadbridgestohelp

pedestriansandtokeeptrafficmovingatthesametime.

ThegovernmentofBeijinghasspentalargeamountofmoneyonbuilding

thesebridges.Fortheirownsafety,pedestriansshouldbeencouragedtouse

theminsteadofriskingtheirlivesbydashingacrosstheroad.Oldpeople,

however,mayfinditalittledifficultclimbingupanddownthesteps,butitis

stillmuchsaferthanwalkingacrosstheroadwithallthedangerofmoving

traffic.

Overheadbridgesserveaveryusefulpurpose.Pedestrians,botholdand

young,shouldmakeitahabittousethem.Thiswillpreventunnecessary

accidentsandlossoflife

Whatistheadvantageofoverheadbridgesmentionedinthispassage()

A.Tallertruckscanpassunderthem

B.Pedestrianscanclimbupandhaveaviewofthecity

C.Theyaresaferforpedestriansandcankeeptrafficmovingatthesametime

D.Theyareeasierandmoreconvenientforthepedestrians

37.Peoplehavebeenfondofrosessincethebeginningoftime.Infact,itis

saidthatthewiseandknowingConfuciushada600-booklibraryspecifically

onhowtocareforroses.

Theroseisalegendonitsown.ThestorygoesthatduringtheRomanEmpire,

therewasabeautifulgirlnamedRhodanthe.Herbeautydrewmanysuitors

（求婚者）.Exhaustedbytheirpursuit,Rhodanthewasforcedtohideinthe

templeofherfriendDianatostayawayfromhersuitors.Unfortunately,Diana

becamejealous,andwhenthesuitorsbrokedownhertemplegatestogetnear

theirbelovedRhodanthe,shebecameangry,turningRhodantheintoarose

andhersuitorsintothorns.

InGreeklegend,therosewascreatedbyChloris,theGreekgoddessof

flowers.ItwasjustalifelessseedthatChlorisfoundonedayinaclearingin

thewoods.SheaskedAphrodite,thegoddessoflove,togiveherbeauty,

Dionysus,thegodofwine,togiveherasweetscent（氣味）,andthethree

Gracestogivehercharm,brightnessandjoy.ThenZephyr,theWestWind,

blewawaythecloudssothatApollo,thesungod,couldshineandmakethis

flowerblossom,andsotherosewasbornandwasimmediatelycalledthe

QueenofFlowers.

ThefirsttrueprimaryredroseseeninEuropewasintroducedin1792from

China,whereithadbeengrowingwildinthemountains.Immediately,rose

breedersbeganusingittomakeahybrid（雜交品種）.Absoluteperfection

stillhasn'tbeengained,andofcourseneverwill!

Thereisaspecialroselanguageinventedasasecretmeansofcommunication

betweenloverswhowerenotallowedtoexpresstheirloveforoneanother

openly.Inthemid-18thcenturythewifeoftheBritishambassadorin

Constantinopledescribedthisinherletters,whichwerepublishedafterher

death.Theselettersinspiredmanybooksonthelanguageofflowers,each

describingthesecretmessagehiddenineachflower.Aredrosebud（花蕾）

standsforsecretaffection,anopenwhiteroseasksWillyouloveme?,an

openredrosemeansI'mfullofloveanddesire,whileanopenyellowrose

asksDon'tyoulovemeanymore

TheauthortakesConfuciusasanexampleinPara.1toshow（）

A.roses'mysteries

B-Confucius'broadknowledge

Closes'impactonhumanbeings

D.people'sloveforroses

38.OnehundredandthirteenmillionAmericanshaveatleastonebank-issued

creditcard.Theygivetheirownersautomaticcreditinstores,restaurants,and

hotels,athome,acrossthecountry,andevenabroad,andtheymakemany

bankingservicesavailableaswell.Moreandmoreofthesecreditcardscan

bereadautomatically,makingitpossibletowithdrawordepositmoneyin

scatteredlocations,whetherornotthelocalbranchbankisopen.Formanyof

usthecashlesssocietyisnotonthehorizon,it'salreadyhere.

Whilecomputersoffertheseconveniencestoconsumers,theyhavemany

advantagesforsellerstoo.Electroniccashregisterscandomuchmorethan

simplyringupsales.Theycankeepawiderangeofrecords,includingwho

soldwhat,when,andtowhom.Thisinformationallowsbusinessmentokeep

trackoftheirlistofgoodsbyshowingwhichitemsarebeingsoldandhow

fasttheyaremoving.Decisionstoreorderorreturngoodstosupplierscan

thenbemade.Atthesametimethesecomputersrecordwhichhoursare

busiestandwhichemployeesarethemostefficient,allowingpersonneland

staffingassignmentstobemadeaccordingly,andtheyalsoidentitypreferred

customersforpromotionalcampaigns.Computersarereliedonby

manufacturersforsimilarreasons.Computer-analyzedmarketingreportscan

helptodecidewhichproductstoemphasizenow,whichtodevelopforthe

future,andwhichtodrop.Computerskeeptrackofgoodsinstock,ofraw

materialsonhand,andevenoftheproductionprocessitself.

Numerousothercommercialenterprises,fromtheaterstomagazine

publishers,fromgasandelectricutilitiestomilkprocessors,bringbetterand

moreefficientservicestoconsumersthroughtheuseofcomputers

Accordingtothepassage,thecreditcardenablesitsownerto()

A.withdrawasmuchmoneyfromthebankashewishes

B.obtainmoreconvenientservicesthanotherpeopledo

C.enjoygreatertrustfromthestorekeeper

D.cashmoneywhereverhewishesto

六、作文(1題)

39.1.目前，越來越多的大學生做兼職。2.大學生做兼職的利弊。3.你

的看法。

參考答案

1.A你沒必要做所有那些計算！我們有一臺電腦可以做這些事。

［考點］情態(tài)動詞

【精析】Aneedn'thavedone表示本不必做，事實上已經(jīng)做過了；must

havedone是對過去事實的肯定猜測，mustrft表示禁止，千萬別；couldn't

havedone是對過去情況的可能性的否定猜測，表示不可能會，可能沒

有。根據(jù)句意可知應選A

2.B

3.B門后的大狗看起來非常兇猛，因此我不敢進門。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Bmild：溫和的，溫柔的；fierce：兇猛的，激烈的；wild：狂野

的；harmful：有害的。根據(jù)句意可知，選B

4.B現(xiàn)在出門太晚了，況且，天就要下雨了。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Botherwise否則；besides此外，而且however然而,therefore：

因此。根據(jù)句意選B

5.A我們一起讀這部小說，好嗎？

［考點］反意疑問句

【精析】A以lefs開頭的句子，其反意疑問句應為shallwe；而以letus

開頭的句子，其反意疑問句應為willyou。故選A

6.D某些哺乳動物是如何轉(zhuǎn)而生活在海洋里已經(jīng)為人所知。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Dwhich：哪一個，哪些；since:因為,自...以來；although:

雖然，盡管；how：如何，此處關(guān)系副詞how引導的句子作整個句子的

主語。故選D

7.D如果你上周聽了我的建議，現(xiàn)在就不會陷入麻煩中了。

［考點］虛擬語氣

【精析】D根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中包含了一個錯綜時間虛

擬條件句。由從句中的時間狀語lastweek（上周）和hadtaken可知，從

句表示對過去情況的假設；由主句中的時間狀語now（現(xiàn)在）可知，主

句表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設，所以主句謂語動詞應用would+動詞原形的

形式。故選D

8.A從他大學畢業(yè)以來，他一直在北京的一家會計公司上班。

［考點］動詞時態(tài)

【精析】A由句中的since和graduated可知，work這一動作是從過去

畢業(yè)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且有可能繼續(xù)進行下去，所以應用現(xiàn)在完

成進行時。故選A

9.C【翻譯】我努力在做的是說服我哥哥戒煙。［考點］主語從句C分

析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,is之前是主語從句。從句中句子成分不完整，缺少do的

賓語，所以應用連接代詞what引導。故選Co

10.BB分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，is后面是表語從句，從句中含有不確定因素,

應用whether引導，和ornot…連用,意為是否。if不能引導表語從句。

故選B

H.D——我確信安德魯會在期末考試中得第一名。

—我也這樣認為，他已經(jīng)為此準備了好幾個月了。

［考點］動詞時態(tài)

【精析】D根據(jù)句意可知，這里應用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，即have/hasbeen+

現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并

可能要繼續(xù)進行下去。故選D

12.B有許多人像你一樣許下承諾，但他們卻沒有做任何事情來改善我們

的環(huán)境。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Bsettlement:解決，處理；commitment:承諾，保證；disagreement:

分歧，爭論；equipment:設備，器材。根據(jù)句意可知，選B

13.D句意無論你決定做什么,你都應努力使其成功。讓步狀語從句題。

whatever意為無論什么，引導讓步狀語從句，并在從句中做賓語；

wherever意為無論哪里，也可引導讓步狀語從句，但意思與此句意義不

符；ifonly,unless只引導條件狀語從句。故選D

14.A句意：這份工作提供培訓，所以不要求有以往的工作經(jīng)驗。詞義辨

析題。previous:先前的,過去的［principal：最重要的,首要的following：

下列的；precious：珍貴的，寶貴的

15.A無論剩下什么東西，都可以放入冰箱中，在那里可以保存兩到三個

星期。

［考點］主語從句

【精析】A分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，may之前的從句是句子的主語，并且從

句中缺少主語。whatever既能引導主語從句，又可以在從句中作主語，

意為無論什么，符合句意。故選A

16.B表演結(jié)束時，觀眾起身鼓掌。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Bwelcome:歡迎；clap:鼓掌；wave:揮手；celebrate:慶祝。根據(jù)

句意可知，選B

17.B眾所周知，地球每年繞太陽運行一圈。

［考點］定語從句

【精析】B分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少一個連接詞來引導非限制性定

語從句，并且該連接詞在從句中作主語，指代theearthmovesaroundthe

sunonceayearo四個選項中只有as合適，其引導的非限制性定語從句

位置靈活，可置于句首，也可置于句末，且as有具體的含義正如。故選

B

18.C我們在聚會上玩得很開心。你真應該和我們一起來。

［考點］情態(tài)動詞

【精析】Cshouldhave+過去分詞表示過去本應該做，而實際上沒有做的

行為，符合題意；musthave+過去分詞表示對過去情況的肯定推測；must+

動詞原形表示對現(xiàn)在情況的肯定推測;should+動詞原形表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?/p>

應該做某事。根據(jù)句意可知，選C

19.C好吧，湯姆，我并沒有什么秘密要告訴你。你到底想讓我說什么？

［考點］強調(diào)句

【精析】C強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式為：特殊疑問詞（疑問代詞/疑問

副詞）+is/wasitthat+其他成分？被強調(diào)部分是say的賓語，所以疑問詞

應用whato故選C

20.B當我上大學時，物理是我最喜歡的科目。

［考點］動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致

【精析】B由從句中的studied一詞可知，主句應用一般過去時。另外，

以-ics結(jié)尾表示學科的名詞一般要求謂語用單數(shù)形式,physics意為物理,

物理學。故選B

21.F

K根據(jù)空后的名詞短語15years可知，空處應填介詞。符合要求的選

項有C、Ko句意：15年來，來自倫敦大學學院的專家們一直在調(diào)查

超過6,700名英國人的生活方式。故選K。

22.H

H分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應填引導詞，引導一個定語從句，修飾指

人的先行詞friends。符合要求的選項只有H。句意：學生在上大學時

可以學習并交到將持續(xù)一生的朋友。故選H。

23.JA.studied（v.學習,研究）B.continuing（v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)）C.by（prep.

通過）D.who（pron.弓|導定語從句）E.whose（pron.引導定語從句）

F.improve（v.改進，改善）G.truth（n.事實，真相）H.ignored（v.忽視，

不予理睬）1.recently（adv.最近，不久前）J.those（pron.那些）K.for（prep.

表示一段時間）L.less（adv.更少，較少）J分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后的

who引導一個定語從句，空處為其先行詞，所以空處應填指人的名詞或

代詞。符合要求的選項只有J。those在此處指代上文中的people,此處

表達的是“不去（音樂會、演出和博物館）的那些人故選J。

24.absenceabsence題意：警方因缺乏有關(guān)這起犯罪的信息而被耽擱。根

空前的the和空后的of可知，空處應填absent的名詞形式absence（缺

乏，沒有）

25.wiHingwining題干大意是：她總是樂于助人。此處應用形容詞作is的

表語。willing是名詞will（意愿）的形容詞形式,多用于bewillingtodo

sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，指樂意做某事

26.collectioncollection題干的大意是：教授收藏了大量的書。根據(jù)空前的

a可知，此處應填寫collect的名詞形式collection,意為收藏

27.receivedreceived句意:昨天我收到了一封我們的一位供應商發(fā)來的關(guān)

于訂單的郵件。動詞的時態(tài)。由時間狀語yesterday可知，本句應用一般

過去時表示過去發(fā)生的事情。故此處應填入receive的過去式received

28.carefullycarefully題干的大意是：如果你仔細地閱讀了論文，我肯定

你能通過考試。此處需要用副詞形式修飾動詞read,應先轉(zhuǎn)變成形容詞

形式careful,再加上-ly

29.D

30.B

31.C

32.C

33.D

34.D［考點］推理判斷題

【精析】D由第九段Ihadneverthoughtthatevenablindmancouldhave

hiswaytoenjoythebeautifullife.（我從來沒有想到一個盲人可以如此享

受美妙的生活）和第十段FromthenonIbegantotreasurewhatlifehas

givenme.（從此之