閱讀教材P53－54課文，選出最佳選項(xiàng)1．LiBaireadTaoismwhenhewas________．A．5B．10C．20D．302．WhatmadeLiBaidevelopafreeandunconstrainedpersonality?A．Theopenandtolerantatmosphere.B．Hisexperienceoftravelling.C．Hisearlylearningexperience.D．Hisdesireforpoetry.[答案]1－2BAWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1)advocatevt.擁護(hù)，支持，提倡n．擁護(hù)者，支持者；辯護(hù)律師(教材P48)Instead，theyadvocatedgoingbacktonature.相反，他們提倡回歸自然。[例]Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.該團(tuán)體不支持使用暴力。[歸納拓展]advocatesth. 提倡某事advocatedoingsth. 提倡做某事advocatethatsb.(should)dosth.提倡某人應(yīng)該做某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)anyexpertsadvocaterewarding(reward)yourchildforgoodbehaviour.②Iadvocatethatallofusshoulddoourbesttoprotectourenvironment(我們盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境)andwewillleadabetterlife.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2)beliefn．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心(教材P48)Thepoetsalsowroteaboutindividualfeelingsandbeliefs.詩(shī)人們還寫了個(gè)人的情感和信仰。[例]Iadmirehispassionatebeliefinwhatheisdoing.我佩服他對(duì)自己的工作所抱的堅(jiān)定信心。[歸納拓展]havebeliefinsth./sb. 對(duì)某事/某人有信心beyondbelief 難以置信inthebeliefthat... 相信……Itismybeliefthat... 我相信……[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①WeareayoungteambutIhavegreatbeliefintheseplayers.②Hissuccesswasbeyondbeliefsincehiscompetitorwassoexperienced.③Itismybeliefthat(我相信)wecangettheamountofproteinourbodyneedsfromplants.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3)claimn．聲明，宣稱；所有權(quán)；索賠vt.宣稱，聲稱；要求；索??；獲得(教材P50)Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim但說(shuō)不定更好[例]Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.科學(xué)家們宣稱攻克癌癥已有重大的突破。[歸納拓展](1)claimtodo...聲稱……claimsth.fromsb.forsth. 因?yàn)椤颉饕猚laimforsth. 要求；宣稱；索賠claimsth.back 要回某物Itisclaimedthat... 據(jù)稱(2)layclaimto 聲稱對(duì)……有權(quán)利makeaclaimforsth. (因某事的損害)提出賠償要求[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyclaimedtohavediscovered(discover)，butthishadnotyetbeenproved.②Theymadeaclaimontheinsuranceforthestolenluggage.③Itisclaimedthatanother1，000youngmenfromthiscountryhavesignedupfortheholywaragainsttheWest.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4)tolerantadj.寬容的，容忍的；能耐……的(教材P54)ThisopenandtolerantatmosphereallowedLiBaithelibertytodevelopafreeandunconstrainedpersonality，which，inturn，hadahugeimpactonhispoeticproduction.這種開(kāi)放與寬容的氛圍，使李白得以自由地發(fā)展出一種自由而不受約束的人格，進(jìn)而對(duì)他的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。[例]Hehasaverytolerantattitudetowardsotherreligions.他對(duì)其他宗教持非常包容的態(tài)度。[歸納拓展](1)betolerantof/towardssb./sth.對(duì)……寬容(2)toleratevt.容忍，忍受；能經(jīng)受(困難條件)toleratedoingsth.＝bear/standdoingsth.容忍(做)某事(3)tolerancen. 容忍；忍受[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyneedtobetolerantof/towardsdifferentpointsofview.②Sherefusedtotoleratebeingcalled(call)aliar.③Shehadnotolerance(tolerate)forjokesofanykind.[小片段填空]Hecan'ttoleratehercomplainingaboutherrudeness，sohetoldherthathewastolerantof/towardsothersbuttherewasalimittohistolerance(tolerant)．eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5)distinguishvt.&vi.成為……的特征，使有別于；區(qū)分，辨別；認(rèn)出；使出眾(教材P54)...andwhichdistinguisheshimfromotherlandscapepoets.……這使他有別于其他山水詩(shī)人。[例]Sometimesrealityandfantasyarehardtodistinguish.有時(shí)候現(xiàn)實(shí)和幻想很難區(qū)分。[歸納拓展](1)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分……和……distinguish...from... 區(qū)別……與……；使……有別于……；使……具有區(qū)別于……的特征distinguish...by... 以……為特征而辨別出來(lái)distinguishoneself(as...) 使自己與眾不同；使著名(2)distinguishedadj.杰出的，著名的bedistinguishedfor... 因……而出名distinguishingadj.不同的；特殊的distinguishableadj.可分辨的；能區(qū)分的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Weshoulddistinguishbetweenmajorandminorworkandnotputthetrivialabovetheimportant.②Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?③He'sdistinguishedhimself(him)asateacher.④Themostdistinguishing(distinguish)featureofKoreanfoodisthespiciness.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6)representativeadj.典型的，有代表性的n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表(教材P54)Thepoembelow，writteninhisfifties，isrepresentativeofhisromanticstyle...下面這首寫于50多歲的詩(shī)是他浪漫主義風(fēng)格的代表……[例]Thesingerisregardedasarepresentativeoftheyouthofhergeneration.這位歌手被看作是她那一代年輕人的典型代表。[歸納拓展]representvt.代表；象征；描繪；聲稱representsth.tosb. 向某人說(shuō)明某事，向某人傳達(dá)某事represent...as... 把……描繪成……representoneselfas/tobe... 自稱是……[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyrepresentedtheirconcernstotheauthorities.②Heisrepresentedasamanofgreathonour.③Herepresentedhimself(him)asahard-working，self-madesmallbusinessman.[小片段填空]Therepresentative，whorepresentedhisschool，representedhimselfasthebeststudentinhisschool.Herepresentedthathisschoolwouldbethebestinthefuture.(represent)eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)7)owevt.欠(情)；欠(債)(教材P54)Generationsofpoets，bothinChinaandabroad，oweadebttohisinspirationalpoems.中外幾代詩(shī)人都對(duì)他的勵(lì)志詩(shī)情有獨(dú)鐘。[例]Thecountryowesbillionsofdollarstoforeigncreditors.這個(gè)國(guó)家欠外國(guó)債權(quán)人數(shù)十億美元。[歸納拓展](1)owesb.sth./owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owesb.anapology 該向某人道歉owesb.forsth. 因……而欠某人(2)owesth.tosb./sth. 把某事歸功于某人/某事(3)owingadj.欠的；未付的owingto... 由于/因?yàn)椤璠即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shestillowes$3，000toherfather.②Westillowethegarageforthoserepairs.③Heoweshissuccesstohardwork.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)8)blamevt.把……歸咎于，責(zé)怪，指責(zé)n．責(zé)任，責(zé)備，指責(zé)(教材P55)IfyoucankeepyourheadwhenallaboutyouArelosingtheirsandblamingitonyou...如果周圍的人毫無(wú)理性地向你發(fā)難，你仍能鎮(zhèn)定自若保持冷靜……[例]Shedoesn'tblameanyoneforherfather'sdeath.她沒(méi)把她父親的死歸罪于任何人。[歸納拓展](1)blamesb.forsth.因某事而責(zé)備某人blamesth.onsb. 把某事怪到某人頭上betoblame(forsth.) (因某事)應(yīng)受指責(zé)；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任(2)taketheblame 承擔(dān)責(zé)任lay/puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Itisbelievedthatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthemineaccident.②Ifyoufailtheexamyou'llonlyputtheblameonyourself.③Wewerereadytotaketheblamefor(承擔(dān)責(zé)任)whathadhappened.[小片段填空]Hewasblamedfortheaccident，butheblameditonothers.Infact，itishe，ratherthanothers，thatistoblameforit.他因這次事故而受責(zé)備，但他把它歸咎于別人。實(shí)際上，是他而不是別人該為此承擔(dān)責(zé)任。代詞指代類代詞指代類一般是在人物或事物關(guān)系比較復(fù)雜的情況下使用的一種題型，所以理清人物及事物之間的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵所在。[方法技巧]返回原文，找出本題的指代詞。向上搜索，找最近的名詞、名詞性短語(yǔ)或句子；將找到的詞、詞組或句子的意思代入替換該指代詞，看其意思是否通順。[例題剖析]MyFavouriteBooksJoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.RoaldDahlIoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl'swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Matilda'sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress，MissTrunchbull，areequallyfunnyandfrightening，butthey'realsoaspirational.◆Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?A．MissTmnchbull.B．Matilde.C．JoUsmar.D．RoaldDahl.C[通過(guò)本題可知主要代替人物的，因此理順文中出現(xiàn)的人物：JoUsmar，RoaldDahl，Matilda，MissTrunchbul