高考英語閱讀理解中的語法現(xiàn)象：動名詞（全國乙卷）

原文：Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldin

shopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturersso

theycanavoidpayingthetax.

此前，制造商已經(jīng)降低了商店中銷售的超過一半的軟飲料的含糖

量，以避免納稅.

語法現(xiàn)象：動名詞

考點(diǎn)：avoidpayingthetax

/后面接動名詞（不接不定式）作賓語的T4個常用動詞

admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/deny/discuss/escape

/excuse/fancy/imagine/mention/risk/suggest/understand

/advise/consider/include/delay/practice/resist

/含動名詞的慣用表現(xiàn)

1.ThereisnoVing....是無法做到的

Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappennext.我們無法預(yù)知

未來

TellAfromB分辨A和B

Thereisnoaccountingfortastes.人的好惡是無法解釋的

=Itisimpossibletoaccountfortastes.

=Wecannotaccountfortastes.

2.Itisnouse/goodVing…是沒有用的

Itisnousecryingoverspilled/spiltmilk.覆水難收

3.feellikeVing想要like（prep.）

feellikeN感覺/摸起來像什么/想要

Ifeellikeadrink=Ifeellikedrinking/havingadrink

=1wantahaveadrink.

=1wouldliketohaveadrink.

4.CannothelpVing

IcouldnthelplaughingwhenIsawhishaircut.

=1couldn'tbutlaughwhenIsawhishaircut.

WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn'tbutcry.

WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn'thelpcrying.

WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn'thelpbutcry.

5.BeworthVing

Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

=Nomatterwhatisworthdoingisworthdoingwell

只要有一點(diǎn)值得做的事情就值得好好做

Thisbookisworthreading.

=Itisworth(your)whilereading/toreadthebook.

6.Onving一…就???

Oncominghome,heswitchedontheTV.

Assoonashecamehome,heswitchedontheTV.

7.InVing當(dāng)??時=when/while

Islippedingettingoffthetrain.

=1slippedwhen/whileIwasgettingoffthetrain.

8.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…不用說???

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatourplansdependontheweather.

^Needlesstosay,ourplansdependontheweather.

9.WhatdoyousayVing....如何?

Whatdoyousaytotakingawalkbythesea?

Howabouttakingawalkbythesea?

Whatabouttakingawalkbythesea?

10.Need,want,deserve,stand等+Ving＞被動

Thiswatchneedsrepairing.

Thechildwantsscolding.這孩子需要被罵.

Hedeserveshelping.他值得別人幫忙

Youdeserveit.名至實(shí)歸/罪有應(yīng)得

Thisclothdoesnotstand/bearwashing.這塊布禁不起洗.

/下列皆為“動詞（十名詞/形容詞/副詞）+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu),其后

如果出現(xiàn)非謂語動詞形式,只能用動名詞,其中的t。皆為介

詞,而不是不定式符號。

①admitto承認(rèn)

Sheadmittedtohavingstolenthecar.

她供認(rèn)偷了那輛轎車。

②beequalto能勝任

Isheequaltodoingthetask?

他能勝任這項(xiàng)任務(wù)嗎？

③lookforwardto盼望

Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.

盼望著收到你的信。

④getdownto開始做

Let，sgetdowntobusiness.

咱們開始干正事吧。

⑤stickto堅(jiān)持

Whydidn，tshesticktodancingasacareer?

她為什么不堅(jiān)持以舞蹈為職業(yè)呢？

⑥taketo喜歡；開始定期做

WhendidEmmataketosmoking?

艾瑪是在什么時候開始抽煙的呢？

/動名詞專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1.Ireallyappreciatetorelaxwithyouonthisnice

island.

A.tohavehadtimeB.havingtimeC.tohavetimeD.to

havingtime

2.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and.

A.he'dliketocollectcoinsaswell

B.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,too

C.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobby

I),collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure

3.tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmto

one'sskin.

A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.After

beingexposed

4.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto

A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethief

C.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught

5.themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealof

encouragement.

A.ThepresidentwillattendB.Thepresidenttoattend

C.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident?s

attending

6.Victorapologizedfortoinformmeofthechange

intheplan.

A.hisbeingnotableB.himnottobeableC.hisnot

beingableD.himtobenotable

7.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhe

couldn'triskthegoodopportunity.

A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost

8.Accustomedtothesteepmountains,hehadno

difficultyreachingthetop.

A.climbingB.climbC.havingclimbedD.have

climed

9.Eugene'sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.

It,snousewithhim.

A.toargueB.arguingC.arguedD.havingargued

10.Theparentssuggestedinthehotelroombuttheir

kidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.

A.sleepB.tosleepC.sleepingD.havingslept

11.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsideringtothe

citycentreforthefashionshow.

A.togoB.goingC.tohavegoneD.havinggone

參考答案

1.選B。本題考的是動名詞做賓語。因?yàn)閍ppreciate后面只跟

名詞、動名詞或賓語從句，不能跟不定式。

2.選D。本句考查的是句子的對稱。用and連接的兩個部分應(yīng)該

是對稱的。因?yàn)榍鞍刖溆脛用~做主語，那么后半句也對應(yīng)地用

動名詞作主語，這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)比較好。

3.選C。本題考非謂語動詞作主語。在非謂語動詞中，只有動名

詞和不定式能做主語，分詞不能做主語。另外，根據(jù)意思“被長

時間地暴露在陽光下會對人的皮膚有害”，所以要選動名詞的被

動形式。

4.選C。本題考動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)樵~組leadto（句中是

ledto）的to是介詞，后面要跟動名詞，同時還考慮到thethief

與動詞catch的關(guān)系是動賓關(guān)系，所以要用動名詞的被動形式。

5.選D。通讀全題，發(fā)現(xiàn)本句缺少主語，而所給的選項(xiàng)中，只有

D合適，即動名詞作主語。A,I）兩項(xiàng)是從句，但沒有連詞，所

以不行。

6.選C。本題考動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)及否定形式。在介詞for后跟

的是用動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語，所以B,D兩項(xiàng)排除。動名詞的

否定，not要放在doing之前，所以A項(xiàng)錯誤。

7.選B。本題考非謂語動詞作賓語。在動詞risk之后，習(xí)慣用

-ing分詞作賓語，所以A、C兩項(xiàng)不考慮。而空格后面有thegood

opport