高考語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)之定語(yǔ)從句Grammar

Focus:

the

Attributive

Clause1Underline

the

attributive

clauses:Don’t

forget

the

things

that

once

you

owned.

Treasure

the

things

thatyou

can’t

get.

Don't

give

up

the

thingsthat

belong

to

you

and

keep

thoselost

things

in

memory.曾經(jīng)擁有的，不要忘記。不能得到的，更要珍惜。屬于自己的，不要放棄。

已經(jīng)失去的，留作回憶。2the

Attributive

ClauseThis

is

the

film

which

I

saw

last

night.Here

are

two

pictures

that

are

takenfrom

the

film

.This

is

the

film

whose

name

is

Titanic

.The

man

and

the

woman

whom

you

see

inthe

picture

are

Jack

and

Rose.Jack

and

Rose

are

the

hero

and

theheroine

who

loved

each

other

very

much

in

the

film

.3the

Attributive

Clausewthhoa指t指人物，，作作主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)which指物，作賓語(yǔ)

This

is

the

film

which

I

saw

last

night.wwhhoosme指指人物，，作作賓定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)Here

are

two

pictures

that

are

takenfrom

the

film

.This

is

the

film

whose

name

is

Titanic

.The

man

and

the

woman

whom

you

see

inthe

picture

are

Jack

and

Rose.Jack

and

Rose

are

the

hero

and

theheroine

who

loved

each

other

very

much

in

the

film

.4the

cityget

the

chance

to

host

the

2014 Youth

Olympic

Games.Nan

JingNanjing

isthe

city

that

/

which

has

got

the

chance

tohost

the

2014 Youth

OlympicGames.5指物時(shí)只用that

的情況只用which的情況關(guān)系代詞as的用法as

與which的區(qū)別高考考點(diǎn)---易混句型歷年高考試題高考常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)6定語(yǔ)從句（the

attributive

clause），?！?/p>

被定語(yǔ)從句限定的詞是

先行詞antecedent引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做關(guān)系代詞relative

pronoun或關(guān)系副詞relative

adverb在復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)

形容詞

用的從句是定語(yǔ)從句☆關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有三大作用，即連接（連接定語(yǔ)從句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行詞）、成分（在定語(yǔ)從句中要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分）。7考點(diǎn)一：Is

there

anything

else

that

you

don’tunderstand

?先行詞為all,

everything,

nothing,

something,

anything,little,

few,

much 等不定代詞時(shí)。先行詞被all,

every,

no,

some,

any,

little,

much等修飾時(shí)。All

the

books

that

you

need

arehere.(3)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾及是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This

is

the

best

that

has

been

used

againstpollution(4)先行詞被the

only,

the

very,

the

same,

the

last修飾時(shí)。This

is

the

first

book

(that)

he

has

read

./This

is

the

same

knife

(that)

I

lostyesterday

.for

.(5)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。That!!“that”我的地盤(pán)?This

is

the

very

pen

(that)

she

is

lookingHe

talked

about

the

teachers

and

schools(that)

he

had

visited

.86.當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是是疑問(wèn)詞which/who時(shí):Which

is

the

bike

that

you

lost

yesterday?who

is

the

boy

that

win

the

match?7.當(dāng)先行詞在主句中做表語(yǔ),而關(guān)系代詞也在從句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí):He

is

no

longer

the

man

that

he

used

to

be

.Beijing

is

no

longerthe

city

that

it

used

to

be

.9way

后面的定語(yǔ)從句注意:當(dāng)先行詞是way

時(shí)，后面的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有in

which

、that

或不填，如：I

recognized

he’s

from

Australiafromthe

way hespeaks.in

which(that/不填)10practiceEverythingthat

you

say

to

him goes

in

one

ear

and

outthe

other.All

thatis

needed

is

a

supply

of

oil.

The

train

is

the

lastthat

will

go

toShanghai.The

boy

and

the

dogthat

are

in

the picture

are

verylovely.The

first

lessonthat

I

learned will

be forgottenThe

way

(that/in

youare doing

itis

wchoimchp)letely

crazy.11A考點(diǎn)二：以下情況只能用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句1

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

2

介詞后面A.Jim

passed

the

driving

test,surprised

everybody

in

the

office..which B

that C

this

D.itTheday

he

was

born

was

Aug.20,1952.onwhich B

that C

which

D.this12考點(diǎn)三：關(guān)系代詞as的用法物直接引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句:作用相當(dāng)于which

He

was

late,as/which

is

often

thecase.As

anyone

could

see

it,

they

were

very

upset.與such

連用,引起定語(yǔ)從句There

are

no

such

writers

as

you

mention.It

gave

him

such

a

shockthat

his

faceturnedwhite.3)與same

連用,引起定語(yǔ)從句☆the

same…as

表示同一類(lèi)人或物；the

same…that

指同一個(gè)人或如此

……以至于13考點(diǎn)四：as

與which的區(qū)別★as

在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面常接行為動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如be

known，

be

said，bereported等，★如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般要用which作主語(yǔ)。Shehasbeenlateagain,

as

wasexpected.Tom

has

made

great

progress,

which

made

us

happy.14B.

thatD.

A&BThisisthesamepen

DI

lostyesterday.A.

asC.theone比較：...the

same

pen

asI

lost.表示這支筆與我不見(jiàn)的那支很像，不一定就是...

the

same

pen

that

I

lost.則表示這支筆就是我不見(jiàn)的那支.15高考考點(diǎn)—易混句型定語(yǔ)從句與并列句a.

I

saw

some

trees,

and

the

leaves

ofthem

wereblackwithdisease.b.

I

saw

some

trees,

the

leaves

of

whichwere

black

with

disease.a.

The

professor

is

a

little

man,

on

the nose

of

whom

there is

a

pair

of

glassesb.

The

professor

is

a

little

man,

and

on

thenose

of

him

there is

a

pair

of

glasses解題點(diǎn)撥:是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和并列句的關(guān)鍵。16a.

The

news

that

our

volleyball

team won

the

match

made

us

excited.b.

Thenews(that/which)hetoldme

yesterdayisexciting.a. I

made

apromise

that

if

anyone

set

me free,

I

would

make

him

very

rich.b.

The

mother

made

apromise

that/whichpleased

all

her

children.解題點(diǎn)撥：that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限制；在句中作成份(作賓語(yǔ)省略),指物時(shí)可用

which代替；而同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞的說(shuō)明和解釋。that在從句中僅起連接作用,不充當(dāng)成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。２.定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句17he

wenta.

It

is

in

this

room

that

I

lived

last

year.b.

It

is

the

room

where

I

lived

last

year.a.

It

was

at

seveno’clock

that

he

went

to school this

morning.３.定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)

句b.

It

was

seveno’clock

whento

school

this

morning.解題點(diǎn)撥：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It

is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成份+that/who+其它部分;

去掉Itis/was….that/who…

,句子照樣成立;而定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作成份。18to

be

sold.

There,Though

I

can’t

remember

everything

that

happened

during

the

time

in

university,

I

stillremember

some

people

and

things

that

were

related

to

Miss

Brown,

who

used

to

bemonitor

in

our

class.

If

you

want

toknow

who

the

lady

is

that

Ireferredtoinmydiary,

I

can

tell

you

it’s

her,

Miss

Brown.Hereis

a

story

that

makes

me

remember

MissBrown

until

now.

One

afternoon,

she

and

Iarrived

in

New

York,

which

we

wouldlookforward

to.

We

went

to

the

biggest

bookshopin

which

there

were

different

kinds

of

books19she

persuaded

me

to

read

every

grammarbook

that

couldoffermeknowledgeofgrammar

and

buy

a

dictionary

which

Icould

look

up

the

new

words

in.MissBrown

also

bought

the

same

books

as

I

did.

Just

when

we

left

the

bookshop

andwere

ready

to

go

back

to

our

university,

abig

man

stopped

us

and

robbed

me

of

mynecklace.

I’ll

never

forget

that

time

when

Miss

Brown

tried

her

best

to

help

me

andlost

one

of

her

fingers.20總結(jié):which

的先行詞可以是名詞，也可以是句子一部分或代替整個(gè)句子；which從句不能放句首;as

一般代替整個(gè)句子,從句則可以放句首,句中或句尾,表示“正如”，“或像…一樣”。例如：as

is

known,as

everyone

knows

,as

issaid,

as

often

happens,

as

you

can

see,

as

itis……;當(dāng)先行詞前有as,so,

such,

the

same

修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞常用as。As

is

known

to

us

all,

Taiwan

is

a

part

ofChina.21conclusion先行詞充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系代詞先行詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系副詞that

, who

,

whom

, which

, as

,whosewhere

, when

,

why22歷年高考試題The

exact

year

Angela

and

her

family

spenttogether

in

China

was

2008.A.When

B.

Where

C.why

D.which (2014.安徽)Mo

Yan

was

awarded

the

Noble

Prize

forLiterature

in

2012,

made

one

of

the

Chinesepeople’s

long-held

dreams

come

true.A.it

B.that

C.what

D.which （2013.安徽）A

lot

of

language

learning,

has

beendiscovered,is

happening

in

the

first

year

oflife,so

parents

should

talk

much

to

their

childrenduring

that

time.A.as

B.it

C.which D.this（2012.安徽）4,.Whatever

is

left

over

may

be

put

into

therefrigerator,

it

will

keep

for

two

for

three23weeks.A.when

B.which

C.where

D.while （2011.安徽5.A

companyprofits

from

home

market

aredeclining

may

seek

opportunities

abroad.A.which

B.whose

C.who

D.why （2014.山東）The

children,

had

played

the

whole

daylong,were

worn

out.A.all

of

what

B.all

of

which

C.all

of

themD.all

of

whom （2013.浙江）

is

often

the

case

with

children,

Amywas

better

by

the

time

the

doctor

arrived.A.It

B.That

C.What

D.As

（2013.陜西）After

the

flooding,

people

were

sufferingin

that

area,

urgently

needed

cleanwater,medicine

and

shelter

to

survive.A.which

B.who

C.where

D.what （2012.江蘇）24專(zhuān)題專(zhuān)練turned

into

a

library.Do

you

think

such

a

place

as

you

spe