Unit3BacktothePastGrammarandusageIt的用法It’s10:08It’slovely

Itweighsonly3kilosIt’salargesumofmoney2.2.指時(shí)間:

Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.

2.3.指環(huán)境:

Itwasveryquietinthecafé.

2.4.指距離：Itishalfanhour’swalktothecitycentre.

3.it的其他用法3.1.表示誰在做某事的句子：

Whoisit?---It’sme.

Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.

3.2.用來泛泛的指某件事：

Soyouaregoingtobemarriedthistime？Whenisit？

Itdoesn’tmatter.

Itisashame,isn’tit?it可用來指代前文提到的人,物或事情,也可以用來指時(shí)間,金錢,距離,天氣等自然現(xiàn)象基本用法:

1.S+think+it+necessary+(forsb.)todosth.

Thechairmanthought___necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(05全國)A.thatB.itC.thisD.himSentencepatterns:B…find

…possiblefeel…important…/clause形式賓語

2.S+V+it+one’sduty+(forsb.)todosth./clause

3.S+V+it+nogood+doingsth.nouse形式賓語Ithinkithisdutytocleantheblackboard.Sentencepatterns:…aruleanhonour………findpossibleS+think+it+necessary+(forsb.)todosth./clausefeelimportant……Sentencepatterns:形式賓語…arule2.S+V+it+one’sduty+(forsb.)todosth./clauseanhonour…3.S+V+it+nogood+doingsth.nouseIlike___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(04全國)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one點(diǎn)撥:這是it作形式賓語的一種特殊用法.少數(shù)動(dòng)詞(如like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate等)或包含介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(如seeto,dependon等)后接賓語從句,必須先由it擔(dān)任形式賓語,再接從句.Ilike(enjoy,hate…)itwhen….Iwouldappreciateitif……seeto(dependon…)itthat…Sentencepatterns:C形式賓語1.It

isnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.Havingtheanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.2.TheForeignMinistersaid,“Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”3.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.形式主語高考真題Itisclear

(obvious，true，possible，certain....)

that.....

該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為＂清楚（顯然，真的，肯定．．．）＂是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.

=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant

(necessary，strange，natural...)

that...

該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型；由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。

Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.

Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid

(reported，learned....)

that...

該句型中的it仍是形式主語，真正主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句；該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為＂據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉．．．）＂。

ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.

Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.6.Itissuggested

(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)

that...

該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，主句中的過去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可以?。怀Ｗg為＂據(jù)建議；有命令．．．）

Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.

Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity

(ashame...)

that...

該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為＂竟然＂。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。

Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.

這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！

Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！8.Itistime

(abouttime，hightime)

that...

該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是①常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬．②有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省，常譯為＂是（正是）．．．的時(shí)侯．．．＂

Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.

=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst

(second...)

timethat...

該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來，該句型中的that從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)，。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去；it有時(shí)用this替換．常譯為＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。

ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.

=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.10.Itis....since...。

該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題，主句中是時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。

Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.11.Itis...when...。

該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)，常譯為＂當(dāng)．．．的時(shí)候，是．．．＂

Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe...before...

該句型主句中的it指時(shí)間，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來一般時(shí)或過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)．主句中的表語多是long，notlong，3days，2weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語，常譯為＂．．．之后．．．＂。

Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.

Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.13.Ithappens

(seems，appears)

that...

該句型中it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen，seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。

Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧．．.

Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看來．．．14.Ittakessb....todosth.

該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時(shí)間，常譯為＂做．．．要花費(fèi)某人．．．＂。

IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.15.Itisnogood

(use)

doingsth.

該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是nogood，(notanygood)，nouse，(notanyuse)。

ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether

(if)...

該句型中whether(if)引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為＂不論（是否）．．．沒關(guān)系．．．。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.17.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.

該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。

常見的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教養(yǎng)的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：sb.iskindtodosth.。

Itiskindofyoutosayso.

=Youarekindtosayso.18.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.

該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。

常見的形容詞有：①important，necessary，natural②easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant等。

=在①中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫，如：

Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.

=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.

…possibleItis/was+adj.necessary+(forsb.)todosth./clauseimportant……one’sdutyIt+is/was+n.one’shope+clause/(forsb.)todosth.anhonour……saidItis/wasp.p.known+that-clausebelieved…形式主語PracticeItistheabilitytodothejob__mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.itItis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who+句子其他成分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型高考真題Itwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo

Inwhichplayis___yourbrotherappears?A.thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhere

Itwasinthelab___wastakenchargeofbyProfessorZhang___theydidtheexperiment.A.where;thatB.which;whereC.that;whereD.which;that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是notuntil引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于疑問句,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是特殊疑問詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞?Inwhichplayisitthat…?Itis…that…Isit…that…?Idon’tknowinwhichplayitisthat…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和各種從句高考熱點(diǎn)?ExerciseBarTheParkersboughtanewhousebut___willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound___welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them3.I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan___inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those易誤辨析:it/one/thatBACthehousethattheParkersboughtahousetheair1.It’syears___(since,before,after,that)Ipaintedthisbeautifulpicture.2.Itwillbeyears___(since,before,after,that)Ipaintthisbeautifulpicture.3.Itwasyears___(since,before,after,that)Ipaintedthisbeautifulpicture.4.It’sforyears___(since,before,after,that)Ihavepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.易誤辨析:

表示從since從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生以后到現(xiàn)在所經(jīng)過的一段時(shí)間，譯為“自從......以來已多久了”

Itis+時(shí)間段+since(過去時(shí))...表示從過去某一時(shí)間到before從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生所經(jīng)過的一段時(shí)間,譯為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后才/就做了…”It+was+時(shí)間段+before(過去時(shí))…表示從現(xiàn)在起到before從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生所經(jīng)過的一段時(shí)間,譯為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后才會(huì)/就會(huì)做…”It+willbe+時(shí)間段+before(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))…______________________Translatethefollowing:過了很久他才回來.2.我們很久后才會(huì)見面的.3.我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)很久了.Itwaslongbeforehecameback.Itwillbelongbeforewemeetagain.ItislongsinceIleftthisschool.Itis+時(shí)間段+since(過去時(shí))...It+willbe+時(shí)間段+before(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))…It+was+時(shí)間段+before(過去時(shí))…易誤辨析:

Doyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?Someexpertssaythatscientificadvanceswillonedayenablehumanstolasttensofyearsbeyondwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimitofthehumanlifespan…Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180years,”hesaid.“Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.”However,manyscientistswhospecializeinageingaredoubtfulaboutit.(04全國D)

Theunderlined“it”refersto____A.agreatpushB.theideaoflivingbeyondthepresentlifespanC.theideaoflivingfrom200to300yearsD.theconservativeestimateReadingcomprehension走進(jìn)2006年高考1.IfIcanhelp___,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.soB.thatC.itD.them2.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade___herdutytolookafteralltheot