學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精安徽省2014高考英語任務(wù)型閱讀考前精講精練（答案)任務(wù)型讀寫復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)安徽省英語學(xué)科《考試說明》對(duì)任務(wù)型讀寫的要求是：任務(wù)型讀寫是發(fā)展學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言能力的重要途徑。考生必須在認(rèn)真閱讀所給短文的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)短文中的信息進(jìn)行篩選、整合與概括，最終根據(jù)表格設(shè)計(jì)要求，在每個(gè)空格里填寫一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~.一、命題特點(diǎn)閱讀材料為一篇300字左右的文章，在文章后設(shè)10道小題，答題參考時(shí)間為10分鐘。1.任務(wù)型讀寫所選文章體裁多樣，題材真實(shí)，內(nèi)容貼近現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活。表格一般是文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，包括標(biāo)題、段落大意、文章細(xì)節(jié)、結(jié)論等部分.2。主要考查學(xué)生以下能力:（1)提取有效信息的能力。仔細(xì)閱讀文章，鎖定相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)，找出與表格中需要填寫的內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息，把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和層次.（2)組織處理信息的能力。結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容和表格的形式，將提取的有效信息根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)變化和語法要求，對(duì)詞性、詞形加以轉(zhuǎn)換，填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。(3)綜合概括信息的能力.要求考生將獲取的信息進(jìn)行歸納并加工。如：問題的原因、文章的結(jié)論、作者的態(tài)度等。3。題目設(shè)置：題目的設(shè)置歸納起來可以分為以下三種類型:提取信息題、轉(zhuǎn)換信息題和概括信息題。(1）提取信息題.能夠直接在原文中提取到答案，即該詞在原文中出現(xiàn)過。這種考查一般為4個(gè).（2)轉(zhuǎn)換信息題。需要轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式，將原文出現(xiàn)過的句子轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種形式表達(dá)出來,即同義表達(dá)；或?qū)⒃闹谐霈F(xiàn)過的詞匯進(jìn)行詞性、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。這種考查一般為4個(gè)。(3)概括信息題。這種題目在文中無法直接找到答案,需要學(xué)生對(duì)文章部分乃至全部內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括、總結(jié)，并結(jié)合表格內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理、判斷才能得出.這種考查一般為2個(gè)。近四年高考真題題型分類統(tǒng)計(jì)表提取信息題轉(zhuǎn)換信息題概括信息題2010年數(shù)量442題號(hào)76，77，80，8179,82，83,8478，852011年數(shù)量442題號(hào)76,78，84,8577，81,82,8379,802012年數(shù)量442題號(hào)79，81，82，8478,80，83，8576,772013年數(shù)量442題號(hào)76，77，78,7980，82,83,8481,85二、解題步驟1.解題前（1)掃讀表格.分析表格的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，理清其顯示的層次關(guān)系，初步了解文章的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)及大體內(nèi)容.要特別注意小標(biāo)題，它通常是段落的主題句。(2)分析表格。研究表格的結(jié)構(gòu)并弄清任務(wù)，根據(jù)空格找線索。表格各行的設(shè)計(jì)大致是按照段落的順序而設(shè)計(jì)的。2.解題中根據(jù)已有的表格內(nèi)容來確定短文的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),以文脈為導(dǎo)引,關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)，理解段意，將有效信息對(duì)號(hào)入座。答題時(shí)，務(wù)必遵循“先易后難，各個(gè)擊破”的原則，不要在個(gè)別題目上耗費(fèi)太多時(shí)間.（1）略讀?？焖贋g覽全文，尤其是每段的第一句(即topicsentence）和首尾段,以把握主旨大意;結(jié)合表格框架，理清文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。①把握文章主旨。②概括段落大意。③將表格提綱還原至短文中。(2）精讀.深入理解文章內(nèi)容，細(xì)讀與空格中要填的信息有關(guān)的文段，找準(zhǔn)特定信息。①明確空格要求.②定位文中相關(guān)信息.③注意單詞的適當(dāng)形式及前后搭配。④聯(lián)想相關(guān)近義詞或同義詞，表達(dá)相似意義。⑤進(jìn)行釋義轉(zhuǎn)述.⑥歸納文章內(nèi)容，提煉主題。3.解題后最后，確定題目答案.在明確表格設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上,再回到短文中，復(fù)查所填內(nèi)容。結(jié)合題意和要求認(rèn)真核實(shí)，檢查意思是否準(zhǔn)確、表達(dá)方式是否得當(dāng)、單詞拼寫是否正確，這樣才能獲得該試題的高分.在填寫答案時(shí)，務(wù)必要注意書寫工整、規(guī)范，千萬不要因?yàn)榇笮懟虺瓕戝e(cuò)誤而被扣分.另外，還要注意詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換和詞形的正確使用。注意以下幾點(diǎn)：（1)字跡清晰,拼寫正確。(2）注意短語的固定搭配。（3)相關(guān)的語法知識(shí)：①動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式：時(shí)態(tài)，單復(fù)數(shù)，非謂語動(dòng)詞形式.②名詞的性、數(shù)、格。③形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。三、解題技巧在掌握了上期講過的解題步驟之后，還需要掌握一些實(shí)用的解題技巧：1.提取信息的技巧（1)確定對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系.根據(jù)所給圖表結(jié)構(gòu)把握文章中心大意以及文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清楚文章與表格之間的關(guān)系，確定表格中各行各列與文章段落之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系.（2)定位句子。在文章中標(biāo)出與表格內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的句子相似或一致的內(nèi)容,并加以比較、對(duì)照。2.轉(zhuǎn)換信息的技巧有許多答案是不能直接在文章中找到原詞的，這需要我們對(duì)原始信息進(jìn)行加工。這些加工大多與語法知識(shí)、短語搭配和固定句型有關(guān)。具體涉及:主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)、謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞原形與動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式、動(dòng)詞與名詞、名詞與形容詞、形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)、名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)等。3.概括信息的技巧（1）看懂表格。歸納概括題往往位于表格上面第一欄或表格左欄。需要?dú)w納概括的內(nèi)容通常是段落大意或全文主旨。技巧有：看下面的單元格向上概括；看右邊的單元格向左歸納.做題時(shí)尤其要注意：①大小寫；②單、復(fù)數(shù)；③搭配.（2)掌握常見的歸納概括詞語：①意圖與目的：purpose(s),intention（s)，aim（s)，goal（s）,target（s)②方式與方法:method（s)，mean(s)，approach（es）,way(s)，measure（s)，manner（s)，solution（s)③比較:similarity(—ies),difference(s),advantage（s）,disadvantage（s),benefit(s）④原因:reason(s),cause(s）⑤結(jié)果/結(jié)論：conclusion(s),result（s）,consequence(s)，effect(s）⑥建議/提示:advice,suggestion(s),tip（s）,instruction(s）⑦其他常用概括性詞語：主題:theme（s)，topic（s),subject(s)種類：type(s),kind(s)，species,variety（-ies),sort（s)簡介：brief/generalintroduction（s）形勢(shì)/情形：situation(s),condition（s)現(xiàn)象/問題：phenomenon（phenomena)，problem(s)特點(diǎn)/特征：feature(s),characteristic(s)重要性/意義:significance,importance情感：feeling（s）,emotion（s)觀點(diǎn)：opinion（s）of，attitude(s)to/towards，view（s),idea（s)評(píng)論：comment（s)【山東省2014高考仿真模擬沖刺卷（5）】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AreportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorstotheUSishowfriendly,courteousandhelpfulmostAmericansweretothem．Tobefair，thisobservationisalsofrequentlymadeofCanadaandCanadians，andshouldbestbeconsideredNorthAmerican．Thereare，ofcourse，exceptions．Small—mindedofficials，rudewaiters，andill—manneredtaxidriversarehardlyunknownintheUS．Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservescomment．Foralongperiodoftimeandinmanypartsofthecountry,atravelerwasawelcomebreakinanotherwisedullexistence．Dullnessandlonelinesswerecommonproblemsofthefamilieswhogenerallyliveddistantfromoneanother．Strangersandtravelerswerewelcomesourcesofdiversion,andbroughtnewsoftheoutsideworld．Theharshrealitiesofthefrontieralsoshapedthistraditionofhospitality．Someonetravelingalone，ifhungry，injured，orill，oftenhadnowheretoturnexcepttothenearestcabinorsettlement．Itwasnotamatterofchoiceforthetravelerormerelyacharitableimpulseonthepartofthesettlers．Itreflectedtheharshnessofdailylife：ifyoudidn‘ttakeinthestrangerandtakecareofhim，therewasnooneelsewhowould．Andsomeday，remember，youmightbeinthesamesituation．Todaytherearemanycharitableorganizationswhichspecializeinhelpingthewearytraveler．Yet，theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristtrails．“Iwasjusttravelingthrough，gottalkingwiththisAmerican，andprettysoonheinvitedmehomefordinner—amazing．”SuchobservationsreportedbyvisitorstotheUSarenotuncommon，butarenotalwaysunderstoodproperly．61．Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutsideworld,___________．A．rudetaxidriversarerarelyseenintheUS

B．small—mindedofficialsdeserveaseriouscomment

C．Canadiansarenotsofriendlyastheirneighbors

D．mostAmericansarereadytoofferhelp

62．Itcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat___________．A．cultureexercisesaninfluenceoversocialinterrelationship

B．courteousconventionandindividualinterestareinterrelated

C．variousvirtuesmanifestthemselvesexclusivelyamongfriends

D．socialinterrelationshipsequalthecomplexsetofculturalconventions

63．Familiesinfrontiersettlementsusedtoentertainstrangers___________．A．toimprovetheirhardlife

B．inviewoftheirlong—distancetravel

C．toaddsomeflavortotheirowndailylife

D．outofacharitableimpulse

64．Thetraditionofhospitalitytostrangers___________．A．tendstobesuperficialandartificial

B．isgenerallywellkeptupintheunitedStates

C．isalwaysunderstoodproperly

D．hassomethingtodowiththebusytouristtrails

65．What’stheauthor'sattitudestowardtheAmerican‘sfriendliness?

A．Favorable．B．Unfavorable．C．Indifferent．D．Neutral．【參考答案】61—65DACBA

【山東省2014高考仿真沖刺卷（6）】A閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Barefootanddirty，thegirljustsatandwatchedthepeoplegoby．Shenevertriedtospeak．Manypeoplepassed,butneverdidonepersonstop．ThenextdayIdecidedtogobacktothepark，curioustoseeifthelittlegirlwouldstillbethere．Rightintheveryspotasshewasyesterday，shesatwiththesaddestlookinhereyes．TodayIwastomakemyownmoveandwalkovertothelittlegirl．Asweallknow,aparkfullofstrangepeopleisnotaplaceforyoungchildrentoplayalone．AsIbeganwalkingtowardsher,Icouldseethebackofthelittlegirl’sdressindicatedadeformity(畸形）．Ismiledtoletherknowitwasokay，Iwastheretohelp，totalk．Isatdownbesideherandopenedwithasimple“Hello”．Ismiledandsheshylysmiledback．Wetalkeduntildarknessfellandtheparkwascompletelyempty．Iaskedthegirlwhyshewassosad．Thelittlegirllookedatmeandwithasadfacesaid，“BecauseI’mdifferent．"Iimmediatelysaid“Thatyouare！”andsmiled．Thelittlegirlactedevensadder．Shesaid，“Iknow．"Shelookedatmeandsmiled．Slowlyshestoodtoherfeet,andsaid,“Really？”“Yes，dear，you’relikealittleguardianangelsenttowatchoverallthosepeoplewalkingby．”Shenoddedherhead“yes"andsmiled，andwiththatshespreadherwingsandsaidwithatwinkleinhereye，“Iam．I’myourguardianangel．”Iwasspeechless，sureIwasseeingthings．Shesaid,“Foronceyouthoughtofsomeoneotherthanyourself，myjobhereisdone．”ImmediatelyIstoodtomyfeetandsaid，“Wait，sowhydidnoonestoptohelpanangel!？”Shelookedatmeandsmiled，“You’retheonlyonewhocouldseeme，andyoubelieveitinyourheart．”…andshewasgone．Andwiththatmylifechangeddramatically．So,whenyouthinkyou’reallyouhave，remember，yourangelisalwayswatchingoveryou．Mineis!41．Peoplejustpassedbythegirlbecause_______．A．theypretendednottoseeher B．shepretendedtobepoorC．theyneverthoughtofhelpingher D．theyknewtheauthorwouldhelpher42．Whichwordcan’tbeusedtodescribetheauthor？A．Considerate． B．Patient． C．Helpful． D．Powerful．43．Whywastheauthorspeechless？A．Hewasshocked． B．Hedidn’tmanagetohelpthegirl．C．Hethoughthewascheated． D．Hewasindespair．44．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Theauthorsmiledbecausehesawthegirlwasshy．B．Theauthorhadknownthatthegirlwasarealangel．C．Theauthorbelievedthatanangelwasalwayswatchinghim．D．45．Whatdoes“You'reallyouhave"mean？A．Youareugly． B．Youarealone．C．Youarestrong． D．Youarerich．【參考答案】41-45CDACB 【山東省2014高考仿真沖刺卷（6）】B閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。WhilewatchingtheOlympicstheothernight，Icameacrossanunbelievablesight．Itwasnotagoldmedal，oraworldrecordbroken，butashowofcourage．Theeventwasswimmingandstartedwithonlythreemenontheblocks．Foronereasonoranother，twoofthemfalsestarted，sotheyweredisqualified．Thatleftonlyonetocompete．Itwouldhavebeendifficultenough，nothavinganyonetoraceagainst，eventhoughthetimeontheclockisimportant．Iwatchedthemandiveofftheblockandknewrightawaythatsomethingwaswrong．I’mnotanexpertswimmer，butIcantellagooddivefromapoorone，andthiswasnotexactlymedalquality．Whenheresurfaced，itwasevidentthatthemanwasnotoutforgold–hisarmswerewavinginanattemptatfreestyle．Thecrowdstartedtolaugh．Clearlythismanwasnotamedalcompetitor．Ilistenedtothecrowdbegintolaughatthispoormanwhowasclearlyhavingahardtime．Finallyhemadehisturntostartback．Itwaspitiful．Hemadeafewdesperatestrokesandyoucouldtellhewaswornout．Butinthosefewawfulstrokes,thecrowdhadchanged．Nolongerweretheylaughing，butbeginningtocheer．Someevenbegantostandandshout“Comeon，youcandoit!"andhedid．Aclearminutepasttheaverageswimmer，thisyoungmanfinallyfinishedhisrace．Thecrowdwentwild．Youwouldhavethoughtthathehadwonthegold，andheshouldhave．EventhoughherecordedoneoftheslowesttimesinOlympichistory，thismangavemoreheartthananyoftheothercompetitors．Justashortyearago,hehadneverevenswum，letalonerace．HiscountryhadbeeninvitedtoSydney．Inacompetitionwhereathletesremovetheirsilvermedalsfeelingtheyhavesomehowbeencheatedoutofgold，orwhentheyactsoproudlyinfrontoftheircompetitors，itisnicetowatchanunderdog．46．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthattheyoungman．A．madehisturntostartbackpitifullyB．wasskillfulinfreestylein