Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsHowLifeBeganOnTheEarth1.Tolearnthebasicknowledgeaboutsolarsystem2.Tounderstandthepassageabouthowlifebeganontheearth3.TobeabletogiveabriefintroductionofthedevelopmentoftheEarthandtheevolutionoflifeontheEarth4.Toarousethestudents’interesttoexplorethescience

starssupermoonthebigbang

theblackholeWhatdoyouknowaboutastronomy?Astronomyisasciencethatstudiescelestialobjectssuchasplanets,moons,stars,comets,nebulae(星云)&galaxies.SolarSystemWhat’sthis?Doyouknowanythingaboutthesolarsystem?star

恒星planet行星Whichisastar?Whichisaplanet?Whatarethenamesoftheeight

planetsthatcirclethesun?海王星Neptune水星Mercury

金星Venus地球Earth火星Mars木星Jupiter

土星Saturn天王星Uranus

HowdoestheSunproduceenergy?IsthereintelligentlifeintheUniverse?Whatdoweknowaboutplanetsaroundotherstars?WhatistheeventualfateoftheSun?WheremightwefindlifeintheSolarSystem?Whatdeterminesthesurfacetemperatureofaplanet?Possibleanswers:Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Somefactsaboutastronomy:Wecanonlydetectabout5%ofthematterintheuniverse.TheSun’scorereleasestheequivalentof100billionnuclearbombseverysecond.Lightfromdistantstarsandgalaxiestakessolongtoreachusthatweareactuallyseeingtheseobjectsastheyappearedinthepast.Shootingstars(流星)reallyaren’tstars.Theyareusuallyjusttinydustparticlesfallingthroughouratmosphere.

EventhoughMercuryistheclosestplanettotheSun,temperaturestherecanreach-280degreesFonitssurface.Earthistheonlyplanetnotnamedafteragod.AQuizGame1.Howoldistheearth?

A.About3.5billionyearsB.About4.5billionyearsC.About5.5billionyearsD.About6.5billionyears

2.______oftheearthsurfaceiscoveredbywater.A.20%B.30%C.50%D.70%Let’sturntotheEarth—theplanetweshouldknowwell.Nowdoaquiztoseehowmuchyouknowaboutourplanet—theEarth.3.HowmanyplanetsarethereintheSolarSystem?

A.6B.7C.8D.9

4.Whatisthetotalpopulationofhumansontheearth?

A.About3.5billionB.About4.5billionC.About5.5billionD.About6.5billion5.Howlongdoestherotation(自轉(zhuǎn))oftheearthtake?

A.12hoursB.24hoursC.amonthD.365days6.Whichcontinentisthesmallest?

A.AfricaB.NorthAmericaC.SouthAmericaD.Oceania7.OnwhatdayistheEarthdaycelebrated?

A.April22B.May4C.August21D.November118.Whichoceanisthelargest?

A.ThePacificOceanB.TheArcticOceanC.TheIndianOceanD.TheAtlanticOcean9.Whichcountryhasthelargestarea?

A.CanadaB.ChinaC.RussiaD.U.S.ATheoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknow?Panguseparatestheskyfromtheearth.ChineseVersion1Nvwamadehumans.ChineseVersion2TheBiblicalAccountWesternVersionDay1:GodspokeandseparatedlightfromdarknesscreatingDayandNight.Day2:Godspokeandseparatedthewatercreatingskyandocean.Day3:Godspokeandcreateddryland.Day4:Godspokeandcreatedthesun,moonandstars.Day5:Godspokeandcreatedlivingcreaturesintheairandsea.Day6:Godspokeandcreatedthelandanimalsandman.Day7:GodrestedandblessedthisdaycallingitHoly.IndianVersionBrahma—theHindugodofcreationHeisthecreatoroftheuniverseandalllivingbeingsaresaidtohaveevolvedfromhim.Lookatthepictures.

Doyouknowthetopicofthisunit?volcaniceruption(火山噴發(fā))timeline古生代新生代中生代TheEvolutionofLifeontheEarth海洋里的細胞開始分裂登陸爬行動物恐龍哺乳動物人類的興起ThedevelopmentoflifeReadthetextquicklyandfillintheblanks.

Thetextmainlytellsustheformationofthe________andthedevelopmentof______onit.earth

lifeAnalysethestructureofthepassage.Writedownthemainideaforeachparagraph.Paragraph1:AwidelyacceptedtheoryabouttheformationoftheuniverseParagraph2:TheformationoftheearthParagraph3:TheimportanceofwaterforlifeParagraph4:ThedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearthParagraph5:ThearrivalofhumansandtheirimpactontheearthPuttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.Usethereadingpassagetohelpyou.123456789101112Fillintheblanksinthefollowingform.TimeWhathappenedBigBang______begantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.AtomsBetween4.5and3.8billionyearsago☆

Dustsettledintoasolidand______globe.☆Theearthexplodedtoproduceits__________.☆Thecontinued________ofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesand_____intotheoceansandseas.violentatmospherepresenceacidsManymillionsofyearslater☆

Thefirstsmallplantsonthesurfaceofthewaterproduced_______.☆Early________andallsortsoffishappeared.☆Greenplantsbegantogrowonland.☆I(lǐng)nsectsand___________appeared.oxygenshellfishamphibiansManymillionsofyearslater☆________appearedandtheylaideggs.☆Dinosaursdeveloped,laideggsand_______formorethan140millionyears.☆Mammalsroseand____________babies.ReptilesexistedgavebirthtoAbout2.6millionyearsagoSomesmall______animalswithhandsandfeetappearedandspreadallovertheearth.NowHumansproducetoomuchcarbon_______,makingtheearthtoohot.cleverdioxide1.Theearthwasintheshapeofacloudofdustbeforethe“BigBang”.2.Carbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergasesformedtheearth’satmosphere.3.Theharmfulgasesandacidscamefromtheoceans.ReadthetextanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrue(T)orFalse(F).FTF4.Mammalsgavebirthtoyoungbabiesandproducedmilkforthem.5.Lifeontheearthhasnothingtodowithhowpeoplelookafterit.TF1.Whendidthe“BigBang”happen?

Ithappenedseveralbillionyearsago.2.Whatformwastheearthafterthe“BigBang”?

Theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.3.Whatmadeuptheearth’satmosphereaftertheearthexploded?

Carbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases.4.Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth?

Astheearthcooleddownafteritexploded,watercameintobeing.5.What’sthesignificanceofthepresenceofwaterontheearth?

Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.6.Whatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoffish?

oxygen.7.Whatmadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth?

Thedisappearanceofdinosaursmadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.8.Whyaremammalsdifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast?

Theygavebirthtoyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Howlifebeganontheearth.“BigBang”otherbodies_______starsEarth:acloudof_____atomsdustasolid______theearth’s___________other_____Water:___________tothedevelopmentoflifewatervapournitrogencarbonextremelysmall_______onthesurfaceofthewaterglobegasesatmospherefundamentalplantsearly_________andallsortsoffishgreenplantsonlandlandanimalsinsectsamphibians________hugeanimals(dinosaurs)theriseof__________humanbeingsshellfishreptilesmammalsThinkaboutwhatyouhavereadanddiscussthesequestionsinpairs.1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?

Becausethewaterremainedontheearth.2.Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?

Becauseplantsprovideoxygenforanimalsto