0焊接缺欠認(rèn)識YHJ1焊接缺欠基礎(chǔ)2依據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：ISO6520-1金屬熔焊中的缺陷等級分類和解釋W(xué)eldingandalliedprocesses–Classificationofgeometricimperfectionsinmetallicmaterials–Part1:Fusionwelding(ISO6520-1:1998);3缺欠種類種類1：裂紋Cracks種類2：氣孔Cavities種類3：夾雜Solidinclusions種類4：未熔合與未焊透Lackoffusionandpenetration種類5：外形及尺寸缺陷（幾何缺陷）Imperfectshapeanddimensions種類6：混合（多重、其它）缺陷Miscellaneousimperfections4縱向裂紋Longitudinalcrack缺陷代號種類1：裂紋Cracks5種類1：裂紋Cracks橫向裂紋Transversecrack6種類1：裂紋Cracks輻射狀裂紋Radiatingcracks7弧坑裂紋Cratercrack種類1：裂紋Cracks8種類1：裂紋Cracks束狀裂紋一組沿四周發(fā)散且斷開的裂紋Groupofdisconnectedcracks9種類1：裂紋Cracks分支裂紋Branchingcracks10種類2：氣孔Cavities單個氣孔Gaspor11種類2：氣孔Cavities密集均布?xì)饪譛niformlydistributedporosity12種類2：氣孔Cavities網(wǎng)狀氣孔Clustered(localized)porosity13種類2：氣孔Cavities線狀氣孔Linearporosity14種類2：氣孔Cavities條狀氣孔（氣道）Elongatedcavity15種類2：氣孔Cavities條蟲狀氣孔Worm-hole16種類2：氣孔Cavities表面氣孔Surfacepore17種類2：氣孔Cavities晶間收縮在冷卻過程中縱向縮孔可能包含殘留氣體，從而形成的晶間收縮Interdendriticshrinkage18種類2：氣孔Cavities弧坑孔穴Craterpipe19種類2：氣孔Cavities收弧孔穴Endcraterpipe20種類3：固體夾雜Solidinclusions夾渣Slaginclusion3011線狀夾渣：Linear3012單個夾渣：isolated21種類3：固體夾雜Solidinclusions3014網(wǎng)狀夾渣clustered22其它夾雜302焊劑夾雜Fluxinclusion303氧化物夾雜Oxideinclusion304金屬物夾雜Metallicinclusion（鎢夾雜tungsten、銅夾雜copper、其它金屬夾雜othermetal）23種類4：未熔合與未焊透

Lackoffusionandpenetration未熔合/Lackoffusion(不完全熔合incompletefusion)4011:lackofsidewallfusion4012:lackofinter-runfusion24種類4：未熔合未熔合/Lackoffusion4013:lackofrootfusion.25種類4：未焊透402:Lackofpenetration(incompletepenetration)實際熔深名義/要求的熔深26種類4：未焊透實際熔深名義/要求的熔深27種類4：未焊透實際熔深名義/要求的熔深28種類4：未焊透4021:Incompleterootpenetration29種類4：未熔合與未焊透403:Spiking尖峰狀未焊透Extremelynon-uniformpenetrationoccuringinelectronbeamandlaserweldinggivingasawtoothappearance.Thismayincludecavities,cracks,shrinkagesetc.相當(dāng)不一致的焊透發(fā)生在電波和激光焊接中，呈現(xiàn)出鋸齒的樣子，也許包括洞穴、裂紋、收縮等等30種類5：外形及尺寸缺欠（幾何缺欠）Imperfectshapeanddimensions501:咬邊Undercut5011:連續(xù)咬邊Continuousundercut31種類5：幾何缺欠5012:Intermittentundercut間歇咬邊32種類5：幾何缺欠5013:根部或坡口縮孔Shrinkagegroove335014:Interrunundercut層間咬邊(interpassundercut)中間咬邊種類5：幾何缺欠34種類5：幾何缺欠5015:層間間斷咬邊Localintermittentundercut35種類5：幾何缺欠502余高過高Excessweldmetal36種類5：幾何缺欠503焊縫太凸Excessiveconvexity凸面37種類5：幾何缺欠504:下榻Excesspenetration5043:熔透Meltthrough38種類5：幾何缺欠505:Incorrectweldtoe不規(guī)則焊趾39種類5：幾何缺欠5061:Toeoverlap蓋面搭邊5062:Rootoverlap根部搭邊40種類5：幾何缺欠5071:板與板錯邊5072:管與管錯邊41種類5：幾何缺欠508:Angularmisalignment角度錯邊42509:Sagging下垂下榻單邊43Sagging平面下沉、焊縫邊緣熔化下沉44510燒穿Burnthrough45Incompletelyfilledgroove未填滿46種類5：幾何缺欠單邊47Rootconcavity根部縮孔48Poorrestart接頭不良49ExcessiveweldthicknessExcessweldwidth過高過寬焊縫尺寸偏差505213Insufficientthroatthickness焊角不足51Excessivethroatthickness焊角過大52種類6：混合（多重、其它）缺陷601：電弧擦傷602：飛濺603：焊縫表面撕裂604：劃痕605：打磨不到位606：焊縫打磨過多53種類6：混合（多重、其它）缺陷

MiscellaneousimperfectionsMisalignmentofoppositeruns正反焊道錯位54Incorrectrootgapforfilletwelds角焊縫根部間隙55618熱影響區(qū)過大Swelling焊接接頭是有焊縫、熔合區(qū)和熱影響區(qū)三部分組成的