[2022秋期版]1388國開電大本科《理工英語4》期末一體化、紙質(zhì)考試第三大題閱讀選擇題庫說明：更新至2022年7月試題，適用于2023年1月期末期末一體化、紙質(zhì)考試。[短文首字母音序A]Accordingtoexperts,theadvantageofmodifiedfoodisthatithelpsinpreventingtheoccurrenceofallergiesandalsohasalongshelflife.However,amajorportionofthepopulationisagainsttheconsumptionofgeneticallymodifiedfoodandisconcernedaboutitsdisadvantages.Ifyouarealsoconfusedabouttheconsumptionofgeneticallymodifiedfood,readthroughtheprosandconsgivenbelowanddecideforyourself.AdvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoods●Oneofthemostprominentadvantagesofgeneticallymodifiedfoodisthatithelpsincontrollingtheoccurrenceofcertaindiseases.Certainfoodscauseallergytopeople.TheirgeneticmodificationalterstheDNAsystemofthesefoods,therebymakingthemnon-allergic.●Anothermajoradvantageofsuchtypeoffoodsisthattheygrowfasterthantheirtraditionallygrowncounterparts.Asaresult,thereisgreaterproductivityandmorefood.●Apersonneednotbotheraboutanyadditionalcosts,suchasbuyingchemicalsandpesticides,whenitcomestogeneticallyengineeredfood.Thefoodisnaturallypest-resistant.●Farmingthesefoodscanbeagreatwaytofightworldhunger.Sincethesecropsgrowfasterormoreeffectively,increasedproductionwouldhelpcountrieswhereincropsmaynotnormallyprosperbecauseoflessthandesirableenvironmentalconditions.●Theincreasedshelflifeofthesefoodproductshelpsinreducingthequantityofrottenfood.DisadvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoods●Thebiggestdisadvantageofgeneticallymodifiedfoodisthattheyhaveharmfuleffectsonthehumanbody.Theconsumptionofthesegeneticallyengineeredfoodscanleadtodevelopmentofdiseasesthatareimmunetoantibiotics.●Chancesofdevelopingcancerarehighinpeoplewhoregularlyconsumeengineeredfood.●Sinceitisanunnaturalwayofproducingfoods,thereisanincreasedhealthhazardsuchasallergens,transferofantibioticresistancemarkersandunknowneffects.●Sincetheproductionofengineeredfoodinvolvesinfusinganimalgenesinthecropsandtamperingwithnature,itmightnotbegoodforconsumptioninthelongrun.21.Howdoesgeneticallymodifiedfoodcontroltheoccurrenceofcertaindiseases?A.Bycross-pollinating.B.Byconventionalcrossbreeding.C.ByalteringtheDNAsystemofthesefoods.[答案]C22.Dofarmersneedtobuyanychemicalsandpesticidesiftheyplantgeneticallymodifiedfood?A.Yes,theyneedto.Becausethefoodisnotresisttopests.B.No,theydon'tneedto.Becausethefoodisnaturallypest-resistant.C.No,theydon'tneedto.Becausethechemicalsandpesticidesareprovidedbythegovernment.[答案]B23.Whichstatementisnottheadvantageofgeneticallymodifiedfood?A.Itmayhaveharmfuleffectsonhumanbody.B.Geneticallymodifiedfoodgrowsfasterthantheirtraditionallygrowncounterparts.C.Farminggeneticallymodifiedfoodcanhelpfightworldhunger.[答案]A24.Whatwouldhappentoapersonifheregularlyconsumegeneticallymodifiedfood?A.Hewouldgetcold.B.Hewouldlosesomeweight.C.Hewouldhavecancer.[答案]C25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttiteforthispassage?A.CanGeneticallyModifiedFoodsCombatWorldHunger?B.GeneticallyModifiedMood:OurAnswerIsNo.C.GeneticallyModifiedFoods:ProsAndCons[答案]C[短文首字母音序C]Climate

change

has

causedariseinsealevels.Thisbasincreased{A.anamountof;B.theamountof;C.anumberof}saltinfreshwaterusedoncoastalfarms.Asaresultfarmersareincreasingly{A.unable;B.able;C.possible}tousefieldsclosetothesea.Scientistscallthisprocesssalinizationwhichmeansamixtureofsaltandwater.Salinizationisreducingtheworld'sirrigatedlands{A.to;B.by;C.at}1to2percenteveryyear.ButafarmerintheNetherlandsisnowusingamixtureofseaandfreshwatertogrowhealthyandtastyvegetables.MarcVanstartedwithan{A.investment;B.examination;C.experiment}.Weputinalotofplantsinthefieldsandthenweputin,puttheminfreshwaterandinseawaterandallthevarietiesbetweenit,andthenweseewhichvarietyissurvivingandwhichvarietyis{A.living;B.dead;C.dying}.A.Maybetheywerepollutedinyourhospital.B.soIwillstopallorderswithyourcompany.C.Thisisthefirsttimewe'vereceivedacomplaintofthisnature.1374D.theywillbereturnedtoyourfactoryimmediately.E.it'syourjobtodothat,notours.Henry:

Goodafternoon!Lucy,Iamtellingyousomethingurgent.Wehavefoundseveralcasesofgoldenstaphinfectedinourpatients.Theywerecausedbyyourproducts.Lucy:

Areyousure?Ourbandagesareverysafe.[答案]CHenry:Iknowthat,Butonlypatientswhohaveusedyourbandagesareinfected.Lucy:Allofourproductsweremadewiththeutmostcare.[答案]AAndwhydidn'tyouputthebandagesintothesterilizerbeforeyouusedthem?Henry:Lucy,J答案]EI'vealreadyaskedthehospitaltodoare-examinationofyoursuppliesrightnow.[短文首字母音序H][短文首字母音序H]Lucy:Henry,you'remakingthingsdifficult,Henry:Thesafetyofourpatientsismostimportant,[答案]BLucy:ButIhavealreadypostedyourrecentorder.Theyarenowontheway.Henry:Sorry,Lucy.Assoonastheyarrive,[答案]D[短文首字母音序I]I

am

very

happy

to

sharemystoryaboutbreastenlargementinThailand.Anyonewhoisnotsureaboutbreastenlargementshouldreadthisstoryfirst.Firstly,IwasamazedatthelevelofcareIreceivedattheThailandprivatehospital.Itwaslikebeinginaluxuryhotel.ThenursingstaffswerealsobetterthanthosewhoIhaveevermetinallmyyearsinAmerica.Notonlyweretheyprofessional,butkinderandmorepatientthanWesternnurses.Thehospitalfoodwasexcellent,soIwasabletochoosefromalargeandvariedMenu.Inmyprivateroom,therewascableT.V.,afridge,aphone,andimpressiveviewsofBangkok(曼谷).MyTranslatorwasabletocommunicatewithme,andtheplasticsurgeonsarrangedthewholeoperationwithoutmeliftingafinger.TheoperationcostmeathirdofthepriceoftheU.K.Withthelowcostoftheairticketsandaholiday,itworkedoutatabouthalfUK'sprice,becausethecostinThailandissocheap.Combiningaplasticsurgerywithaholidayinanamazingplaceisanunforgettableexperience.FromthemomentIarrivedinBangkokairport,IfeltrelaxedandwelcomedbythePlasticSurgery&Holidayteam,itmademefeelthatIhadfriendsherealready.1.Wheredidtheauthorhaveherbreast-enlargementoperation?A.InThailand.B.InAmerica.C.InU.K.[答案]A2.Wastheauthorsatisfiedwiththenursingstaffsforher?A.No,becausetheywerenobetterthanAmericanurses.B.Yes,becausetheyweremorepatientthanWesternnurses.C.No,becausethecarewasverypoor.[答案]B3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A.Theauthorwascontentwiththefoodinthehospital.B.Whentheauthorwasinthehospital,shelivedinapublicroom.C.TherewascableT.V,abridgeandaphoneintheauthor'sroom.[答案]A4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseliftingafingermeaninparagraphthree?A.Doingsomethingwithonlyonefinger.B.Helpingwithsomething.C.Carryingsomething.[答案]B5.Whydidtheauthorthinkherexperienceunforgettable?A.Becauseshehadanoperationthere.B.Becauseshewassatisfiedwitheverythingthere.C.Becauseshewassatisfiedwiththeserviceandpricethere.[答案]CIf

you

want

your

productdescriptionappealingandinformative,writeyourarticlelinkingfeaturesandbenefitsfirst.It'softennotenoughtojustlistthefeaturesofaproductasyouraudiencemaynotalwaysunderstandthem.Use{A.description;B.descriptive;C.described}languagetoconveyhowanyonefeaturewillbenefitthebuyerand{A.how;B.what;C.who}purchasingtheitemwillmaketheconsumer'slifeeasier.Potentialbuyerswanttoknowwhattheproductwilldoforthem.Second,useclearanddecisivelanguage.It'simportantwhenwritingproductdescriptionstobeconcise.Usecommonlanguageandtermsthatareeasyto{A.remember;B.write;(C.understand}.Clearlydescribetheproductwithout{A.toget;B.get;C.getting}tootechnicalorboringsothereaderstaysengaged.Lastbutnottheleast,includeacall-to-action.Thebestproductdescriptionsalways{A.askto;B.askfor;C.asking}asale.Becreativeandencouragethepotentialbuyertopurchaseyourproductbytellingthemexactlyhowtodoit.In

the

grass,;ababyduckwashatched(孵化)outinacollegebiologylabwithabackwardleftfoot.Atthetime,itprobablywouldn'thavesurvived,ifMikeGarydidn'trecommendaproperoperationtocutoffthatbadfoot.Monthsafterthehealingprocess,engineersatNovacopyCompanyproduceda3Dprintedmodelthatwouldbeusedtocreateaprosthetic(修復(fù)的)footfortheduck.ConsideringthatABSplasticswerenotflexibleenoughforthistypeofexercise,theNovacopycompanymadeathree-dimensionallymodeledfootmadeofsilicone,withthehopetocreateapermanentprosthesis(假肢)fortheduck.Ittookjust13hourstoproduce.This3Dprosthesisdemonstratedthe3Dtechnologiescanbeusednotonlyforhumanapplication,butalsoinforeignsubjectssuchasanimalsandothermedicaltreatments.1.Wherewasthebabyduckhatchedout?A.Inacollegebiologylab.B.Inabackyard.C.InNoacopyCompany.[答案]A2.Whatwaswrongwiththebabyduck?A.Itdidn'tsurvived.B.Itwasbornwithabackwardleftfoot.C.MikeGarycutoffthatbadfoot.[答案]B3.CouldABSplasticsbeusedtoproducea3Dprintedmodelthatwouldbeusedtocreateaprostheticfootfortheduck?A.No,becauseABSplasticswerenotflexibleenough.B.Yes,butitcouldonlybeproducedbyNovacopyCompany.C.Yes,becauseitwasmadeofsilicone.[答案]A4.Howlongdidittaketocreateapermanentprosthesisfortheduck?A.10hours.B.13hours.C.30hours.[答案]B5.Whatdidthelastsentenceofthispassageindicate?A.3Dtechnologiescanbeusedonlyforhumanapplication.B.3Dtechnologiescanbeusedonlyforforeigners.C.3Dtechnologiescanbeusedtohuman,animalsandothermedicaltreatments.[答案]C[短文首字母音序M][短文首字母音序M]My

hero

is

a

personwhohasgivenmesomanythings,whohastaughtmeabouteverything,andwhohasshownmehowbeautifullifeis.AndgraduallyasIgetolderandIgrowup,myherohasopenedmyeyestothefactthatlifeisnotalwaysbeautifulandhappylikeafairytale,butlifeismuchmorethanthat.Myherohasexplainedtomethatlifecanbeveryhard.Everyonemuststrugglehardtomakealltheirdreamscometrueandtobeasuccessfulperson.Maybe,becausemyherolivessoclosetome,Ihaven'trealizedthatthispersonhasinspiredmesomuch.Myonlytrueheroismymother.ShewasborninJakarta,onthelstofJuly.Mymotheristheyoungestchildinherfamily.Shehastwosisters,whoalwaysloveandtakecareofher.Maybe,becauseofthat,shebecomesacheerful,kind,friendly,andloveableperson.Shewantseverybodytofeelcomfortablewhentheyarearoundher.Mymotherlikestostudyandtoreadeverything,frombookstonewspapers.Everyonereallylikestotalkandchatwithher,soshehasmanyfriends.Mymotherbelievesallyouneedistobeahard-workingpersonwhoalwayswantstostudyhard,sothatyoucanbeasuccessfulperson.Shesaysthatmanypeoplearoundherhavesucceededbecausetheyhavestudiedandworkedhard.21.Ifapersonwantstosucceedinhislife,heA.shouldlistentoafairytaleeverydayB.mustdreamagooddreameverydayC.hastoworkhardallhislife[答案]C22.Theunderlinedword"inspired”inParagraph2mayhavethesamemeaningas“A.encouragedB.showedC.cared[答案]A23.Thewriter'smotherbecomesaloveablepersonbecauseA.sheistheyoungestinthefamilyB.hertwosistersloveherverymuchC.shefeelscomfortableinherfamily[答案]B24.Fromthethirdpassage,Wecaninfer(推測)thatthewriterA.isafriendlypersonlikehismotherB.hasmanyfriendstotalkwithC.knowsthemeaningofsuccess[答案]C25.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthereading?A.Studywell!B.Whatabeautifullife!C.Mymother,myhero.[答案]C

”.Roby

Mini

is

just

40

centimeters

tall,,hasalargeroundscreenforaheadandhasbeendesignedtohelpseniorcitizenslivingalone.ManufacturedbyroboticscompanyShanghaiPTInfo,thebrightlycolored

robot,which

costs5,000yuan($790),waslaunchedonAug14tohelpentertainandmonitorelderlypeople.InShanghailastyear,thenumberofregisteredresidentsatleast60yearsoldwas4million.Thatwasnearly30percentofthepopulation.By2018,thefigureisprojectedtoriseto5million.Withmanylivingalone,robotssuchasRobyMinicanhelpplayacrucialroleincaringfortheelderly.“Itwillchangethewaypeopleinteractwithdigitalproducts,”Hongsays.[短文首字母音序R][短文首字母音序R]FoundedinMay,ShanghaiPTInfohadalreadydonethegroundwork.Infact,theresearchteamspentthreeyearsdevelopingthespeechrecognitionsystembeforethefirmwasofficiallylaunched.With360-degreewheelshiddenunderitsbody,RobyMinicanfollowapersonthroughfacerecognitionandstrikeupaconversation,telljokesorprovideinformation.Therobotalsoworksasacomputerterminal,supplyingweatherinformation,orderinggroceriesonlineandevenbookingtaxis.RobyMinicanbeconnectedtoothergadgetsaswell,suchassmartwristbandsormagneticdevicesondoors.RobyMinicanalsoconnectanelderlyownertoadoctorthroughitshigh-definitionscreen.AlreadyShanghaiPTInfoistalkingtothreecommunityhospitalsinShanghai'sMinhangdistrict.SincetherobotislinkedtotheInternet,itcansupportlong-distanceaudioandvideocalls.MassproductionstartedthismonthandShanghaiPTInfoplanstomanufacture200,000unitsthisyear.ButthefutureisnoteasyforShanghaiPTInfo.Earlierthisyear,FlyingwingsIntelligentRobotTechnology(Shanghai)introducedamachinewithsensorsthatwillringanalarmwhenanelderlypersonfallsdown.TianjinShangjiuShengyuanTechnologyGroupalsodevelopedarobotforseniorsin2014.Ownerscanturnonthelightsandair-conditioningunitsbypressingbuttonsonthemachine.Itcanalsoremindelderlyownerstotakepills,andinformthemofhospitalcheckupsandfamilybirthdays.21.RobyMiniisthenameofA.aroboticscompanyB.arobotC.aseniorcitizenlivingalone[答案]B22.RobyMiniisdesignedtoA.helplookafterchildrenlivingaloneinseniorhighschoolB.helpentertainandmonitorseniorcitizensC.changethewaypeopleinteractwithdigitalproducts[答案]B23.Accordingtothispassage,thenumberofregisteredresidentsatleast60yearsoldwillbeA.4millionnextyearB.30percentofthepopulationC.increaseto5millionby2018[答案]C24.Thewriterthinks"thefutureisnoteasyforShanghaiPTInfo”becauseA.therearetoomanyelderpeopleinShanghaiB.RobyMinicannotringanalarmwhenanelderlypersonfallsdown.C.thecompanywillfacetoughcompetitioninthemarketplace[答案]C24.Thewriterthinks“thefutureisnoteasyforShanghaiPTInfo”becauseA.therearetoomanyelderpeopleinShanghaiB.thecompanywillfacetoughcompetitioninthemarketplaceC.RobyMinicannotringanalarmwhenanelderlypersonfallsdown[答案]B25.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe“A.HowtoUseaRobotB.ElderPeopleIncreaseinShanghaiC.RobotGivesHelptoOlderPeople[答案]C

”.[短文首字母音序S]Somethingelsethatcouldbecomingsoontoavehiclenearyou.Moretechnology.Thekindthatcouldhelpyourcartalktoothersaroundit.{A.Like;B.Unlike;C.Unlikely}someproposedcarsofthefuturesitwouldnotactuallydothedrivingforyou.Butitcouldwarnyouaboutwhatotherdriversaredoing.TheU.S.governmentmayrequirethisfeatureinthefuture,butitwould{A.addto;B.reduce;C.cutdown}thecostofthecar.It'sthevehicleofthefuture,carsthattalktothedriverandeachother.TheU.S.governmentwantsitontheroadsoon,{A.pushingup;B.pushingfor;C.pushingon}technologythatwouldwarndriversofdangercomingfromanydirection.It'scalledvehicletovehicletechnology.Carswouldsendwirelessmessagetoeachother{A.from;B.beyond;C.within}about300-yard.Communicatinginformationlikespeed,directionandGPSpositiontentimespersecond.Whencarssharethisinformation,theycan{A.accountof;B.accountto;C.accountfor)}allthevehiclesaroundthem,whichmeanstheyareabletoidentifypossiblecrashes.[短文首字母音序T]TesseraMultimediawasfoundedin1997andspecializes

in

designand{A.development;B.develop;C.developed}ofweb,multimediaandmobileapplications.WithheadquartersinThessaloniki,TesserahasdevelopedbusinessactivitiescoveringthewholeGreeceandhasdevelopedasignificantpartnernetworkandalargecustomerbase{A.by;B.on;C.with}investinginlong-termrelationshipsoftrustandreliability.Ourcompanyhasdesignedandsuccessfullyimplementedasignificantnumberofcomplexsoftware{A.projection;B.project;C.projects}inawiderangeofsectors.Tesserahasgainedexceptionalexperienceindesigningwebsitesandportals,educationalgames,e-commerceapplicationsandmobileapps.Tesseraseekstobealways{A.keepintouch;B.uptodate;C.contact}withcurrenttrendsandadvancementsinsoftwaretechnology,constantlyinvestinginnewtechnologiesandhumanresources.Thedevelopmentdepartmentconsistsof{A.new;B.qualified;C.temporary}staffensuringhighquality,integratedservices.Atthesametime,ourpersonnelistrainedsystematicallyindeployingnewtechnologies,aimingthatourproductionsarealwaysonthecuttingedgeoftechnology.Whencomputerserversoperate;acomplexprogram,theycangetveryhot.Coolingtheserverscanbecostly.Soresearchersaskedwhatwouldhappeniftheheatcreatedbytheserverscouldbecapturedandused?DatacentersoflargeInternetcompaniessuchasGoogleandMicrosofthavethousandsofcomputerservers.Astheseserversprocessinformation,theycreatelargeamountsofheat,sotheyneedhugecoolingsystems,Thesesystemssendtheheatintotheair.TheDutchcompanyNerdalizethinkspayingforelectrieitytooperatetheserversandthenpayingagaintocoolthemisawasteofenergy.Soitdevelopedadevicecalledthee-Radiator.Itisacomputerserverthatalsoworksasaheatingsource.BoazLeupeisthechiefexecutiveofficerofNerdalize,Hesaysthee-Radiatorsaves