06七選五突破之段首設(shè)空題

七選五閱讀正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五個(gè)句子被挖空，正文后給出七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，均為完整句

子，要求考生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。此題型拓寬了閱讀理解能力考察

的深度和廣度，考查學(xué)生句子和語(yǔ)篇兩個(gè)層面的閱讀能力和領(lǐng)悟能力，以及對(duì)整個(gè)語(yǔ)篇的銜接手段與連貫

性的洞察力。總之，七選五的題型難度要大于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題，對(duì)學(xué)生把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)脈絡(luò)、邏輯思維能

力和語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力，有更高的要求。

近三年全國(guó)高考題中，，七選五，，統(tǒng)計(jì)

年份卷名體裁設(shè)空位置

段首段中段尾

新高考I卷說(shuō)明文131

全國(guó)卷1（乙卷）說(shuō)明文131

2020全國(guó)卷H（甲說(shuō)明文14

卷）

全國(guó)卷III說(shuō)明文221

新高考I卷記敘文14

全國(guó)卷I（乙卷）說(shuō)明文221

2021全國(guó)卷II（甲說(shuō)明文14

卷）

全國(guó)卷III說(shuō)明文221

新高考I卷說(shuō)明文41

全國(guó)卷I（乙卷）說(shuō)明文311

2022全國(guó)卷H（甲說(shuō)明文131

卷）

全國(guó)卷III說(shuō)明文131

解題策略：

利用設(shè)空位置，快解閱讀七選五。命題人常采用段首、段中和段尾三種挖空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，

所起的作用也不同。出題者正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，來(lái)考查學(xué)生的邏輯思

維能力。

段首設(shè)空題

如果空白處在段首，則答案通常是段落主題句，做題時(shí)，應(yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀本段內(nèi)容，概括段落大意，查找同義

詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。

主旨句：段落小標(biāo)題藕落主題句

子坐吉勺4i占總結(jié)句：總結(jié)上文

過(guò)渡句：正確選項(xiàng)與上一段尾句關(guān)系緊密

段首設(shè)空題標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)法：空格本身是文章標(biāo)題或段落小標(biāo)題，

正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):簡(jiǎn)短精悍，以祈使句為主

I中心詞法：利用本段同義詞或相關(guān)詞匯，推測(cè)主題句

解題法菖H前瞻后顧找啟示利用上一段尾句和空后第一、二句確定相關(guān)信息詞

I設(shè)空出現(xiàn)在段三7通常為主題句，其后的句子是對(duì)該空的解讀

真題感悟

（2020年1月浙江英語(yǔ)卷）Let'stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterand

Weneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirsty,Wejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswith

cleanwater.

Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.When

WeturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputer,WeuseenergyandWeneedwatertoproducethisenergy.

A.Weusewaterindirectlytoo.

B.Everysysteminourbodydependsonwatertofunction.

C.Itistoinspirepeopletolearnmoreaboutwater-relatedproblems.

D.Ifchildrenwalkmanyhoursadaytogetwater,theycan,tgotoschool.

E.Didyouknowthataround750millionpeopledonothavecleanwatertodrink?

F.In1993theUnitedNationsdecidedthatMarch22ndistheWorldDayforWater.

G.Inthisway,theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistancecarryingheavybottles.

解析：Ao段首主題句。根據(jù)下文所舉例子“種植食物的農(nóng)民，他們需要用水灌溉植物。當(dāng)我們開(kāi)燈、開(kāi)電

視或開(kāi)電腦時(shí)，我們使用了能源，而我們也需要水來(lái)產(chǎn)生這種能源''可知,本段舉例說(shuō)明人們除了直接飲用水，

也會(huì)間接使用水，故A項(xiàng)能夠概括本段大意。

模擬演練

A

安慶市2023年高三模擬考試（二模）

Familymealsareimportantandconnectfamilymembers.1Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutgoingto

school,workandmore.

Studieshaveshownfamilymealtimeincreasespositivesocialskills,schoolengagementanddecreasesthe

frequencyofnegativebehaviors.2Tryingnewfoodornotrestrictingonfoodisencouraged.Childrenwho

engageinfamilymealtimearelesslikelytohaveeatingdisorders.Inaddition,thosewhosharefrequentfamilymeals

aremorelikelytoeatalargernumberoffruitsandvegetablesandbelesspickyaboutfood.

3Forexample,Weneedtoconsiderthebudget,thetimeformealpreparation,theavailabilityof

recommendedfoodsorSUPPIementS（補(bǔ)充物品）atatypicalgrocerystore.4Membersmayhavevarious

culturalordietarypreferences.Inviewofthis,Weshouldmakesurethattheeatingplanofferednutritionalvaluefor

differentcalorieandnutritionalneeds-forpeopleofdifferentages,differentactivitylevelsandhealthconditions.

Healthyeatingshouldbeafamilyaffair,andsomerecommendeddietswillhelpyoureachthatgoalby

highlightingeatingplansthataresafe,flexibleandnutritiousforeveryoneatthetable.Inaddition,thefoodsinthe

dietscanbepurchasedfresh,cannedorfrozen.5

A.Theypreferjunkfoodlikehamburgers,friedchicken.

B.Ateamofhealthexpertsthinkfamilymealsaredifficult.

C.Theycangetpeopletorelaxandmaketheirrelationshipcloser.

D.Italsooffersanopportunitytosethealthyeatinghabitsforkids.

E.Thus,Itisconvenientandeasyforfamiliestohavefamilymeals.

F.Wealsoconsideredhowadaptablethisdietwouldbeforawholefamily.

G.Weshouldhaveabalanceddietandpayattentiontowhatwehaveeveryday.

【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.F5.E

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要闡述了家庭聚餐的意義及家庭聚餐應(yīng)考慮的問(wèn)題。

1.根據(jù)前文“Familymealsareimportantandconnectfamilymembers.”（家庭聚餐非常重要，可以把家庭成員聯(lián)

系起來(lái)。）講述了家庭聚餐的重要性在于可以把家庭成員聯(lián)系起來(lái)。因此空處承接前文，講述家庭聚餐的意

義。選項(xiàng)C.“它們可以讓人們放松，讓他們的關(guān)系更親密。”人稱(chēng)代詞they指代前文的“fhmilymeals"，符合

題意，故選C。

2.根據(jù)前文“Studieshaveshownfamilymealtimeincreasespositivesocialskills,schoolengagementanddecreases

thefrequencyOfnegativebehaviors."（研究表明，家庭進(jìn)餐時(shí)間可以提高積極的社交技能、學(xué)校參與度，并

減少消極行為的頻率。）提到了家庭進(jìn)餐時(shí)間的作用。因而空處承接前文，講述家庭進(jìn)餐時(shí)間的其它作用。

選項(xiàng)D.“它也為孩子們建立健康的飲食習(xí)慣提供了機(jī)會(huì)。”it指代前文的“familymealtime”，承接前文，符合

題意，故選D。

3.根據(jù)下文“Forexample,weneedtoconsiderthebudget,thetimeformealpreparation,theavailabilityof

recommendedfoodsorsupplements（補(bǔ)充物品）atatypicalgrocerystore.”（例如,我們需要考慮預(yù)算，準(zhǔn)備膳食

的時(shí)間，推薦的食品或補(bǔ)充劑在一個(gè)典型的雜貨店的可用性。）通過(guò)事例列舉出了家庭聚餐時(shí)，我們需要考

慮的問(wèn)題，因此作為段落主題句應(yīng)總說(shuō)，舉辦家庭聚餐是困難的。選項(xiàng)B“一組健康專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為家庭聚餐是困

難的?！鼻蓄}，故選B。

4.根據(jù)前文“Forexample,weneedtoconsiderthebudget,thetimeformealpreparation,theavailabilityof

recommendedfoodsorsupplements（補(bǔ)充物品）atatypicalgrocerystore."（例如，我們需要考慮預(yù)算，準(zhǔn)備膳食

的時(shí)間，推薦的食品或補(bǔ)充劑在一個(gè)典型的雜貨店的可用性。）列舉了在家庭聚餐時(shí)，我們需要考慮的問(wèn)題。

因此空處承接前文，講述我們還應(yīng)考慮的飲食要滿(mǎn)足家人的胃口。選項(xiàng)F.“我們還考慮了這種飲食對(duì)整個(gè)家

庭的適應(yīng)性?！鼻蓄}，故選F。

5.根據(jù)前文“Inaddition,thefoodsinthedietscanbepurchasedfresh,cannedorfi*ozen."（止匕夕卜，飲食中的食物可

以購(gòu)買(mǎi)新鮮的、罐裝的或冷凍的。）說(shuō)明準(zhǔn)備的食物的來(lái)源，所以空處承接前文，講述這樣做可以為家庭聚

餐帶來(lái)方便。選項(xiàng)E.“因此，對(duì)于家人而言，家庭聚餐這樣做是方便和容易的?！鼻蓄}，故選E。

B

2023屆安徽省馬鞍山市高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)

HowIImprovedMyLifein2022

Bytheturnof2022,1thoughtIwaslivingmindfullyandrathersustainably.IhadbeenComPoSting（做堆月巴）fruit

andvegetableleftovers,andrepairingmyownclothes.Butaslifewaseasingbackintonormal,certainaspectsmade

mefeeluncomfortable,liketheamountofplasticbeingthrownaway.6.Thesefeelingsmademerealize

therewasstillroomforimprovementandIwasupforitthroughouttheyear.

Takeupwalking.Thebiggestchangethisyearformehasbeentotakeupwalkingwholeheartedly.Havingspent

somuchtimeindoors,IwantedtohaveagentleformofexercisewhereIcouldenjoytheoutdoors.Istartedwalking.

Walkingconnectedmetothebeautifulcreaturesthatliveamongus.7

Tackieplasticwaste.ItwasonlyafterIstartedcompostingthatIrealizedhowmuchorganicwasteevenasmall

householdcouldgenerate.8Luckily,ourcityoffersadoor-to-doordrywasterecyclingservice,5Rcycle,

thatvisitseverytwoweeksandcollectsit.

9Refillsareagreatsolutiontosingle-useplasticsandtoreducemywastefootprint.EarlierthisyearI

switchedtoorderinghouseholdgoodsfromacompanythatsuppliesrefillsfororganickitchencleaners,toilet

cleaners,andevenwashingmachinepowder.

Establishamorningroutine.Wakingupearlycomeswithitsownsetofbenefits,namelyamorningroutine.Ido

somemorningreadingbeforeIbrush,followedbymywalk.Then,?cyclefor20minutesbeforeI

shower.10.Meanwhile,theykeepmyeveningsfreesothatIcanmeetfriends,read,orconnectwithfamily,

andslowlypreparemybodytorestasnightapproaches.

A.Uselessplastics.

B.Switchtorefills.

C.Ithelpedmetoreflectuponlife.

D.Householdwasteiseasytodealwith.

E.Theseactivitiespreparemefortheday.

EIneededtofindasolutionforthewaste.

G.Iwasalsofeelingunfitandunmotivated.

【答案】6.G7.C8.F9.B10.E

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是作者如何改善自己2022年生活的。

6.根據(jù)空前“Butaslifewaseasingback,intonormal,certainaspectsmademefeeluncomfortable,liketheamountof

PlaStiCbeing由rownaway.（但隨著生活逐漸恢復(fù)正常，某些方面讓我感到不舒服，比如塑料被扔掉的數(shù)量。）”

講述的是作者對(duì)生活恢復(fù)正常后的感受，結(jié)合空后的“Thesefeelingsmademerealizetherewasstillroomfor

improvementandIwasupforitthroughouttheyear.（這些感覺(jué)讓我意識(shí)到還有改進(jìn)的余地，我一整年都在努

力。）“可知，此空處應(yīng)該是指的作者的某種感受，G選項(xiàng)“Iwasalsofeelingunfitandunmotivated.（我也感至IJ

不合適和沒(méi)有動(dòng)力。）''講述的為作者的感受，also是關(guān)鍵信息，且與空后內(nèi)容吻合。故選G項(xiàng)

7.根據(jù)空前的"Walkingconnectedmetothebeautifulcreaturesthatliveamongus.（步行將我與生活在我們中間的

美麗生物聯(lián)系起來(lái)。）”可知，作者散步時(shí)把作者與周?chē)利惖纳锫?lián)系在一起，結(jié)合空格所處的位置，此處

是對(duì)該段的總結(jié)，C選項(xiàng)“Ithelpedmetoreflectuponlife.（它幫助我反思生活。）”中的it代指的內(nèi)容為空前的

WaIking,且內(nèi)容與本段相吻合。故選C項(xiàng)。

8.根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“TackleplasticWaSte.（解決塑料垃圾問(wèn)題以及空后的“Luckily,ourcityoffersadoor-to-door

drywasterecyclingservice,5Rcycle,thatvisitseverytwoweeksandcollectsit.（幸運(yùn)的是，我們的城市提供了一

個(gè)挨家挨戶(hù)的干垃圾回收服務(wù)，5Rcycle,每?jī)芍苌祥T(mén)收集一次。）”可知，此處講述的內(nèi)容與垃圾處理有關(guān)

系，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“IneededtofindasolutionfortheWaSte.（我需要找到解決垃圾的方法。）”講述的是作者想找到處理

垃圾的辦法，與本段主題吻合，且與下文內(nèi)容銜接恰當(dāng)。故選F項(xiàng)。

9.分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為本段的主題句，應(yīng)為祈使句，結(jié)合空后的“Refillsareagreatsolutiontosingle-use

plasticsandtoreducemywastefootprint/補(bǔ)充裝材料是一次性塑料的絕佳解決方案，可以減少我的垃圾足

跡。）“可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與補(bǔ)充裝材料相關(guān)，B選項(xiàng)“Switchtorefills.（轉(zhuǎn)換到補(bǔ)充裝。）”講述的內(nèi)容與本

段內(nèi)容一致，句式與其他段落主題一致。故選B項(xiàng)。

10.根據(jù)空前的"IdosomemorningreadingbeforeIbrush,followedbymywalk.Then,Icyclefor20minutesbefore

IShoWer.（在我刷牙之前，我會(huì)做一些早讀，然后散步。然后，我在洗澡前騎20分鐘自行車(chē)。）”可知，這些

是作者早上的一些列的活動(dòng)，E選項(xiàng)FheSeactivitiespreparemefortheday.（這些活動(dòng)為我這—■天做好了準(zhǔn)

備。）”中的theseactivities指代的內(nèi)容與空前內(nèi)容一致。故選E項(xiàng)。

C

2023年廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測(cè)試（二）

Whatmakesaworkofarchitecturegreat?Mostpeoplewouldarguethataestheticsarethemostimportant.

11However,RomanarchitectMarcusVitruviusPolliobelievedthatWeshouldalsoconsiderdurabilityand

functionwhenassessingastructure.TheRostonvilleLibraryinmycityisagreatexampleofVitruvius,sprinciples.

Constructedentirelyofgranite——ahardandtoughstone,thelibraryisdurable.Itcanwithstandenvironmental

pollution.Forexample,itisresistanttoacidrain.Moreover,itsgranitestructureisstablesoit,smorelikelytosurvive

anearthquake.12Itusessolarenergyforheatingandarooftopgardenforcooling.

13Providingfreeaccesstoprintanddigitalinformation,itconveysafeelingofopennessand

accessibility.Furthermore,theentirelibraryisononelevel,andithasanopendesign——therearenoinnerwallsor

dividers.Inaddition,largewindowsletinplentyofnaturallight,soit,seasytoseeandgettoeachdepartmentwithin

thelibrary.

Finally,thelibraryisbeautiful,withaestheticallypleasingdetailsbothinsideandout.Thelargewindowsare

copper-framed（銅框的）.Thecoppercolorprovidesaninterestingcontrastagainstthecolorofthegranitestructure

anditwillremainasthecopperages.Growthfromtherooftopgarden,whichreachesdownthesidesofthebuilding,

addstotheaestheticsofthebuilding.14

Durability,functionalityandbeautymaketheRostonvilleLibraryagreatstructure.Architectswhofollow

Vitruvius,sprincipleshelptomakethecitymorepleasanttolivein.15

A.TheIibraiyisalsosustainable.

B.Itistruethatbeautyiscritical.

C.Thisisnottheonlyconcernofthearchitects.

D.Thelibrarywasdesignedwithfunctionalityinmind.

E.Itsoftensthelinesofthestructureandhelpsittofitintoitsnaturalsurroundings.

EPlus,thelibrarywasbuiltontheedgeofthecitypark,surroundedbynativeplants.

G.Buildingsthatfulfillthesecriteriaofferbothpeaceofmindandbeautyfortheirusers.

【答案】ILB12.A13.D14.E15.G

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一座遵循特魯威建筑原則的圖書(shū)館。

11.根據(jù)上文“Whatmakesaworkofarchitecturegreat?Mostpeoplewouldarguethataestheticsarethemost

important.（是什么成就了偉大的建筑作品？大多數(shù)人會(huì)認(rèn)為美學(xué)是最重要的）”以及后文“However,Roman

architectMarcusVitruviusPolliobelievedthatWeshouldalsoconsiderdurabilityandfunctionwhenassessinga

structure.TheRostonvilleLibraryinmycityisagreatexampleofVitruvius,sPrinCiPIeS.（然而，羅馬建筑師Marcus

VitruviusPollioU?,在評(píng)估一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，我們也應(yīng)該考慮耐久性和功能。我所在城市的羅斯頓維爾圖書(shū)館

是維特魯威原則的一個(gè)很好的例子廣可知，本句肯定上文“大多數(shù)人會(huì)認(rèn)為美學(xué)是最重要的”的觀點(diǎn)，與后文

構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，故B選項(xiàng)”的確，美很重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

12.根據(jù)后文“Itusessolarenergyforheatingandarooftopgardenforcooling.（它利用太陽(yáng)能供暖，屋頂花園降

溫）”可知，圖書(shū)館使用的是太陽(yáng)能供暖，說(shuō)明很環(huán)?？沙掷m(xù)。故A選項(xiàng)“這座圖書(shū)館也是可持續(xù)的"符合語(yǔ)境，

故選Ao

13.根據(jù)后文“Providingfreeaccesstoprintanddigitalinformation,itconveysafeelingofopennessandaccessibility.

Furthermore,theentirelibraryisononelevel,andithasanopendesign-therearenoinnerwallsordividers.In

addition,largewindowsletinplentyofnaturallight,soit,seasytoseeandgettoeachdepartmentwithinthe

Iibrary.（它提供免費(fèi)的印刷和數(shù)字信息，傳達(dá)了一種開(kāi)放和無(wú)障礙的感覺(jué)。此外，整個(gè)圖書(shū)館在一層，它有

一個(gè)開(kāi)放的設(shè)計(jì)——沒(méi)有內(nèi)墻或分隔。此外，大窗戶(hù)讓大量的自然光進(jìn)入，所以很容易看到和到達(dá)圖書(shū)館

內(nèi)的每個(gè)部門(mén)）“可知，本段主要介紹了圖書(shū)館一些具有功能性的設(shè)計(jì)。故D選項(xiàng)“圖書(shū)館的設(shè)計(jì)考慮到了功

能性”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

14.根據(jù)上文“Finally,thelibraryisbeautiful,withaestheticallypleasingdetailsbothinsideandout.Thelarge

windowsarecopper-framed（銅框的）.Thecoppercolorprovidesaninterestingcontrastagainstthecolorofthe

granitestructureanditwillremainasthecopperages.Growthfromtherooftopgarden,whichreachesdownthesides

ofthebuilding,addstotheaestheticsofthebuilding.（最后，圖書(shū)館很漂亮，內(nèi)外細(xì)節(jié)都很有美感。大窗戶(hù)是銅。

銅的顏色與花崗巖結(jié)構(gòu)的顏色形成了有趣的對(duì)比，它將隨著銅的年代而保持下去。從屋頂花園延伸到建筑

的兩側(cè)，增加了建筑的美學(xué)）“可知，上文提到“從屋頂花園延伸到建筑的兩側(cè)，增加了建筑的美學(xué)”，本句為

本段最后一句，故承接上文說(shuō)明這一做法的作用：它軟化了結(jié)構(gòu)的線條，幫助它融入自然環(huán)境。故E選項(xiàng)“它

軟化了結(jié)構(gòu)的線條，幫助它融入自然環(huán)境”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

15.根據(jù)上文“Durability,functionalityandbeautymaketheRostonvilleLibraryagreatstructure.Architectswho

followVitruvius,sprincipleshelptomakethecitymorepleasanttolivein.（耐用、功能和美觀使羅斯頓維爾圖書(shū)

館成為一個(gè)偉大的建筑。遵循維特魯威原則的建筑師有助于使城市更宜居戶(hù)可知，上文提到了“遵循維特魯

威原則的建筑師有助于使城市更宜居”，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文說(shuō)明遵循這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建筑帶來(lái)的

影響：為用戶(hù)提供了心靈的平靜和美麗。故G選項(xiàng)“滿(mǎn)足這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建筑為用戶(hù)提供了心靈的平靜和美麗”

符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

D

焦作市普通高中2022?2023學(xué)年高三年級(jí)第二次模擬考試

Sustainabilityforkidscanstartwithaseed.Weputtogethersomewaystoinvolvethewholefamilyinprotecting

theenvironment.

Goonahike.Parentalinvolvementinearlychildhoodeducationlooksdifferentinvarioussettingsfrom

preschooltohomeandtothegrocerystore.16Goingonahiketogethercanbeanidealthingtoinvestigatea

localecosystem,lookforsignsofthechangingseason,andgainanoverallappreciationoftheworldoutdoors.Plus,

bybringinganextragarbagebagandglovestopickuptrashalongtheway,parentscanshowkidssomeeducational

activities.

Gogreenforholidays.Makeholidaysfunwhilealsosupportingagreenenvironmentforkids.UseLEDlights

fordecorativelighting.17Decreaseyourcarbonfootprintandpurchaseholidaygiftsfromlocalshops.

18Parentsdon,tneedanacreoflandtoteachtheirchildrenthatfooddoesn,tgrowatthegrocerystore.

Alltheyneedissunlight,wateranddirt.Awindowsillistheperfectspottogrowherbs.Abackdeckcangrow

beautifultomatoes.Plantpeachseedsinasmallcontainer.19

Recycletogether.Recyclingactivitiesforkidscanbefunandsupportfamilyinvolvementineducationatthe

sametime.20Thenworkwiththemtomakesomethingnewoutoftherecycleditems,suchasmakingboxes

outofrecycledcardboardandstoragetinsoutofrecycledcans.

A.Planta"garden”.

B.Don,tbuyfoodfromthegrocery.

C.Protectingtheenvironmentforkidsisimportant.

D.Parentsshouldtellchildrenwhattheycanrecycle.

E.Andthechildrencanwatchalittlepeachtreegrow.

F.RecycleChristmastreesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.

G.Toachild,everysettingandeverymomentcanbeateachableone.

【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了家長(zhǎng)與孩子一起參與環(huán)保的四個(gè)方法。

16.Jsjt44Parentalinvolvementinearlychildhoodeducationlooksdifferentinvarioussettingsfrompreschoolto

homeandtothegrocerystore.（從幼兒園到家庭，再到雜貨店，父母參與幼兒教育的情況各不相同）”說(shuō)明父母

可以在不同的環(huán)境中教育孩子，G項(xiàng)“對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，每一個(gè)環(huán)境和每一個(gè)時(shí)刻都是可教的?！背薪由衔模?/p>

題意。故選G。

17.上文“Gogreenforholidays.（假期要綠色廠說(shuō)明在假期進(jìn)行活動(dòng)要綠色環(huán)保，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“回收圣誕樹(shù)，而不是扔

掉它們?！本唧w介紹綠色環(huán)保的行為，承接上文，符合題意。故選F。

18.下文“PlantpeachseedsinasmallCOntainer.（在一個(gè)小容器中種植桃子種子）''說(shuō)明可以讓孩子種植桃樹(shù)，E

項(xiàng)中PeaChtree是關(guān)鍵詞，E項(xiàng)“孩子們可以看著一棵小桃樹(shù)長(zhǎng)大?！币鱿挛?，符合題意。故選E。

19.上文“Awindowsillistheperfectspottogrowherbs.Abackdeckcangrowbeautifultomatoes.Plantpeach

seedsinasmallConlainer.（窗臺(tái)是種植草本植物的最佳地點(diǎn)。后邊的木質(zhì)平臺(tái)可以種植漂亮的西紅柿。在一

個(gè)小容器中種植桃子種子廣說(shuō)明可以在不同的地方種植不同的植物，A項(xiàng)“種植一個(gè)“花園工”承接上文，符

合題意。故選A。

20.上文“Recyclingactivitiesforkidscanbefunandsupportfamilyinvolvementineducationatthesametime.（JL

童的回收活動(dòng)可以很有趣，同時(shí)支持家庭參與教育廣說(shuō)明父母可以帶孩子進(jìn)行回收活動(dòng)，以及下文“Then

workwiththemtomakesomethingnewoutoftherecycleditems,suchasmakingboxesoutofrecycledcardboard

andstoragetinsoutofre-cycledCanS.（然后和他們一起用回收的物品做一些新的東西，比如用回收的紙板做盒

子，用回收的易拉罐做儲(chǔ)物罐廠說(shuō)明具體的回收活動(dòng)方式，D項(xiàng)中recycle是關(guān)鍵詞，D項(xiàng)“父母應(yīng)該告訴孩

子他們可以回收什么?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合題意。故選D。

E

平許濟(jì)洛2022-2023學(xué)年高三第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

Whenyouareanxiousandstressed,youcouldaddant?emotionalworkouf,toyourself-careregimen（養(yǎng)生法）.

t?It,slikeworkingoutpreventshighbloodpressureandheartdisease.21''

SaysEmilyAnhalt,aclinicalpsychologist.Herearesomeexpert-backedexercisetohelpyoubegin.

Annoyedwithalovedone?Practicethe??self-reflectionpush-up.^^

Feelinghurt,annoyedorangrywithsomeoneelse,sbehaviormightreflectsomething.22Anhalt

suggestspracticinganexerciseshecallsthe4tselΓreflectionpush-up.^^Thispush-upusesthe"3Js,whichstandfor

join,jealous（嫉妒）andjudgentoguideyou.Askyourselfiftheotherperson,sbehaviorissomethingyoualsodo

（join）,areenviousof（jealous）orcriticize（judge）.Forinstance,ifyou,reannoyedwithyourfriendforbeingselfish,

youmightrealizethatyou,vebehavedthesameway.

23Befriendtoughemotions.

Ashumans,we,rebomtoavoidpain.Whenuncomfortableemotionsarise,wemaytrytodistract（分散）

ourselvesfromfeelingbad.WemaywanderthroughsocialmediaoronNetflix.Thesestrategiesarecalled

“def?nses''.However,Wecan,tmerelyrelyondefenses.24

Whenupsetemotionsarise,trytobefriendyourfeelings.Startbynamingyouremotions,atechnique

psychologistscall"affectlabeling."Thegoalisn,ttochangetheemotion,buttobringawarenesstohowitfeelsinthe

moment.25Byunderstandingthem,wecanuncoverthecauseofsuffering.

A.Feelingdown?

B.Unsatisfiedwithabadresult?

C.Thafswhatwedislikeaboutourselves.

D.Emotionalfitnesscanbenefitstressmanagement.

E.Therefore,WecanmakeuseofthemtocheerUSup.

F.Toconclude,symptomslikeanxietyarethebody,salarmsystem.

G.Withoutfeelingouremotions,ourabilitytoprocessthemwillbeinfluenced.

【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.G25.F

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者認(rèn)為人們?cè)诟械浇箲]和緊張的時(shí)候，可以進(jìn)行情緒鍛煉，并提出了幾種具

體的情緒鍛煉的方法。

21.根據(jù)上文“It'slikeworkingoutpreventshighbloodpressureandheartdisease.（就像鍛煉可以預(yù)防高血壓和心

臟病一樣）”可推知下文講的是情緒鍛煉對(duì)壓力和緊張是有益的，這與D項(xiàng)“Emotionalfitnesscanbenefitstress

management（情緒健康對(duì)情緒管理有好處）”符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。

22.根據(jù)上文“Feelinghurt,annoyedorangrywithsomeoneelse,sbehaviormightreflectSOmething.（對(duì)他人的行為

感到受傷、生氣或憤怒可能會(huì)反映出我們不喜歡自己的地方）”可知，我們不喜歡朋友的那些行為，也是我們

不喜歡自己的地方。C項(xiàng)“That'swhatwedislikeaboutourselves（這是我們不喜歡我們自己的方面）”符合題意，

故選C項(xiàng)。

23、根據(jù)下文“Befriendtoughemotions.（和難過(guò)的情緒做朋友）”可推知上文提到了難過(guò)情緒，A項(xiàng)"Feeling

down?（情緒低落？）”符合題意,故選A項(xiàng)。

24根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Befriendtoughemotions（和難過(guò)的情緒做朋友）”以及上文“However,wecan,tmerelyrelyon

defenses（然而，我們不能僅僅依賴(lài)于防御）”推知，如果不能感知情緒，即和難過(guò)的情緒做朋友，處理情緒問(wèn)

題的能力就會(huì)受到影響，導(dǎo)致只能依賴(lài)防御。GX^??Withoutfeelingouremotions,ourabilitytoprocessthemwill

beinfluenced.（沒(méi)有感知到我們的情緒，我們處理情緒的能力會(huì)受到影響）”符合題意，故選G項(xiàng)。

25.根據(jù)下文“Byunderstandingthem,wecanuncoverthecauseofSUffering.（理解了這些，我們就能發(fā)現(xiàn)痛苦的

根源）”可知上文講的是造成焦慮的原因，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Toconclude,symptomslikeanxietyarethebody,salarm

SySlem（總之，像焦慮這樣的癥狀是身體的警報(bào)系統(tǒng)戶(hù)符合題意，故選F項(xiàng)。

F

江西省五市九校協(xié)作體2023屆高三第二次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷

Anafternoonnapcouldimproveyourcognitiveabilities

Takinganafternoonsnoozecouldkeepyourbrainsharp,anewstudyhassaid.

Adultsaged60andolderwhotookafternoonnapsshowedsignsofbettermentalagility（敏捷）comparedto

thosewhodidn,tnap,accordingtoastudypublishedinGeneralPsychiatryearlierthisweek.

Researchersanalyzednappinghabitsin2,214olderChinesepeopleandmeasuredtheircognitive（認(rèn)知的）

abilitiesusingseveralcognitivetests.

Theparticipantsweredividedintotwocategories.26Thestudydefinednapsasaperiodofsleeptaken

afterlunchlastingbetweenfiveminutesandtwohours.

Nappersscoredhigher

ParticipantstooktheMini-MentalStateExaminationandtheBeijingversionoftheMontrealCognitive

Assessment,bothofwhichtestformemory,languageandothercognitiveabilities.27saidleadstudy

authorCaiHan,geriatricpsychiatrist.

Ineverycategorytheanalysiswaslistedinthestudy.Napperstestedstatisticallyhigheronaveragecomparedto

theirnon-nappingeounte?parts.

??Thisstudyfoundthatapropernapisbeneficialtothemaintenanceofcognitivefunction.28Han

said.

Manyfactorscanaffectsleep

29,saidDr.DavidNeubauer,associateprofessorintheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine.

Dailyroutines,medicationuse,environmentalfactors,lifestylechoicesandsleepdisorderscanallplayaroleinhow

frequentlysomeonetakesanap,hesaid.

Thestudydidn,tgatherspecificdataonthelengthoftimeeachparticipanttookanapwithinthe

five-minute-to-two-hourrangeorwhattimeintheafternoontheyslept.

Here,showtopowernap

Neubauerrecommendedtakingashorter“powernap“ofupto20minutestodecreasethechancesof

transitioningintoslow-wavesleep.30

Napsshouldalsobetakenearlierintheafteιτιoontolimittheirpossiblenegativeimpactonthefollowingnight,s

sleephesaid.

A.Thusweencouragetheelderlytotakeapropernap.

B.Sleepingbehaviorscanbeaffectedbyamultitudeoffactors.

C.Theywerethosewhotookregularnapsandthosewhodidn,t.

D.Nappingmustbeahealthypartofanolderadult,sday.

E.Itmakespeoplefeelgroggy（昏沉的）whentheywakeup.

EResultsshowedthatnappingpositivelyaffectedolderadults,mentalabilities.

G.Olderindividualswhowanttopreservetheircognitivefunctioningshouldprioritizenightmaresleep.

［答案】26.C27.F28.A29.B30.E

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明午睡可以提高你的認(rèn)知能力，可以幫助你更好地思考。

26.上文“TheparticipantsweredividedintotwoCategorieS.（參與者被分為兩類(lèi)）”提出參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人要分為兩組，

C項(xiàng)“Theywerethosewhotookregularnapsandthosewhodidn't.（他們是有規(guī)律午睡和沒(méi)有規(guī)律午睡的兩組）”

承接上文，給出具體分組情況，上下文銜接自然。故選C項(xiàng)。

27.上文“ParticipantstooktheMini-MentalStateExaminationandtheBeijingversionoftheMontrealCognitive

Assessment,bothofwhichtestformemory,languageandothercognitiveabilities.（參與者參加了細(xì)微精神狀態(tài)測(cè)

試和北京版的蒙特利爾認(rèn)知評(píng)估，這兩項(xiàng)測(cè)試都是對(duì)記憶、語(yǔ)言和其他認(rèn)知能力的測(cè)試）”提出對(duì)參與實(shí)驗(yàn)者

進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，結(jié)合標(biāo)題“Nappersscoredhigher（午睡者得分更高）”可知，本段要展示的結(jié)論是，有規(guī)律午睡的

人測(cè)試成績(jī)更好。F項(xiàng)"Resultsshowedthatnappingpositivelyaffectedolderadults,mentalabilities.（結(jié)果顯示午

睡對(duì)老年人的智力有積極影響廣說(shuō)明了測(cè)試結(jié)果，與標(biāo)題一致，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。

28.上文“Thisstudyfoundthatapropernapisbeneficialtothemaintenanceofcognitivefunction.（本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，適

當(dāng)?shù)奈缢欣谡J(rèn)知功能的維持）”提出打午睡的好處，A項(xiàng)“Thusweencouragetheelderlytotakeaproper

nap.（因此，我們鼓勵(lì)老年人適當(dāng)午睡）”承接上文，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，上下文銜接自然。故選A項(xiàng)。

29.下文“Dailyroutines,medicationuse,environmentalfactors,lifestylechoicesandsleepdisorderscanallplaya

roleinhowfrequentlysomeonetakesanap,hesaid.（他說(shuō)，日常生活、藥物使用、環(huán)境因素、生活方式的選擇

和睡眠障礙都可能影響一個(gè)人小睡的頻率）”詳細(xì)列舉了影響睡眠的因素，是對(duì)B項(xiàng)“Sleepingbehaviorscanbe

affectedbyamultitudeoffactors.（睡眠行為會(huì)受到多種因素的影響）”的舉例說(shuō)明，句中“amultitudeoffactors^^

與下文“Dailyroutines,medicationuse,environmentalfactors,lifestylechoicesandsleepdisorders”相照應(yīng)，上下

文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。

30.上文“Neubauerrecommendedtakingashorter“powernap”ofupto20minutestodecreasethechancesof

transitioningintoslow-waveSleeP.（紐鮑爾建議小睡最多20分鐘，以減少進(jìn)入慢波睡眠的機(jī)會(huì)）”提出要避免慢

波睡眠，E項(xiàng)"Itmakespeoplefeelgroggy（昏沉的）whentheywakeUP.（它會(huì)讓人醒來(lái)時(shí)感到昏昏沉沉）”指出慢

波睡眠會(huì)帶來(lái)的影響，說(shuō)明要避免慢波睡眠的原因，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。

G

山東新高考聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)3月聯(lián)考試題

TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,

typicallyfallinginFebruaryorMarch.31Thecelebrationsincludearangeofcustomsandtraditionsthat

reflect