2014CharlotteBront?》》洪深2024/3/17content1IntroductionoftheauthorCharlotteBront?2Introduction

ofthebook3LiterarymotifsCharlotteBront?(21April1816–31March1855)wasanEnglishnovelistandpoet,theeldestofthethreeBront?sisterswhosenovelshavebecomeclassicsofEnglishliterature.Shefirstpublishedherworks(includingherbestknownnovel,JaneEyre)underthepennameCurrerBell.FamilyCharlottewasborninThornton,westofBradfordintheWestRidingofYorkshire,in1816,thethirdofthesixchildrenofMariaandPatrickBront?In1820herfamilymovedafewmilestothevillageofHaworth,whereherfatherhadbeenappointedperpetualcurateofStMichaelandAllAngelsChurch.HermotherMariadiedofcancerin1821,leavingfivedaughters,Maria,Elizabeth,Charlotte,EmilyandAnne,plusason,Branwell,tobetakencareofbyhersister.EarlylifeandeducationInAugust1824PatrickBront?sentCharlotte,Emily,MariaandElizabethtotheClergyDaughters'School.Charlottemaintainedthattheschool'spoorconditionspermanentlyaffectedherhealthandphysicaldevelopment,andhastenedthedeathsofMariaandElizabeth,whobothdiedoftuberculosis(肺結(jié)核)InJune1825.AfterthedeathsofheroldersistersherfatherremovedCharlotteandEmilyfromtheschool.CharlotteusedtheschoolasthebasisforLowoodSchoolinJaneEyre.CharlotteBront?Between1831and1832CharlottecontinuedhereducationatRoeHeadschool.Shebecameanassistantteacherattheschoolin1835butshedislikedtheworkandbetween1839and1841sheattemptedtomakealivingasagoverness.Withheraunt'shelp,CharlotteandEmilytravelledtoBrusselsin1842tostudylanguages.In1844,shereturnedhometohelpcareforherfatherwhowasalmostblind.BythistimeCharlottehadbegunwritingherownverse.PublicationsPoetryNovelsJuvenilia-MyAngriaandtheAngrians-TheSpell-TheSecret-LilyHart-TheFoundling-TheGreenDwarf-AlbionandMarina-TalesoftheIslanders-TalesofAngria-fromRetrospection〔1835〕-PoemsbyCurrer,Ellis,andActonBell(1846)-JaneEyre,published1847-Shirley,publishedin1849-Villette,publishedin1853-TheProfessorTheBront?SistersCharlotteBront?(1816-1855)JaneEyre《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》CurrerBellEmilyBront?(1818~1848)WutheringHeights《吼叫山莊》EllisBellAnneBront?(1820-1849)AgnesGrey《阿格尼斯·格雷》ActonBellcommonsoftheBronteSistersTheieworksaremarkedbystrongromanticelement.TheroleofnatureisespeciallyimportantintheworksoftheBronteSisters.Theirworksarealsomarkedbyanewconceptionofwomenasheroinesofvitalstrengthandpassionatefeelings.IntroductionofthebookJaneEyreisanovelbyEnglishwriterCharlotteBront?.Itwaspublishedon16October1847underthepenname"CurrerBell."ThenovelJaneEyreisafirst-personnarrativeofthetitlecharacter.ThenovelissetsomewhereinthenorthofEngland,duringthereignofGeorgeIII(1760–1820)StevieDaviesdescribesitas“influentialfeministtext”becauseofitsindepthexplorationofastrongfemalecharactersfeelings.WritingbackgroundofthebookThetimetheauthorwriting"JaneEyre",Britainwastheworld'sleadingindustrialpowers.ButthestatusofBritishwomenhasnotchanged,and

wasstillinthestatusofattachmentandsubordinate.

Careerchoiceoffemalewastobeagoodwife,goodmother.Atthattime,femalewriterswouldbeconsideredagainstthelegitimatefemininity,andwouldreceivefierceattacksbymale.FrommasculinepennamesoftheBronteSisterswecanseehowdifficultfemalewritersfacedwithatthattime.IntroductionofthebookThestorygoesthroughfivedistinctstages:Jane'schildhoodatGatesheadHall,wheresheisemotionallyandphysicallyabusedbyherauntandcousins;hereducationatLowoodSchool,wheresheacquiresfriendsandrolemodelsbutalsosuffersprivationsandoppression;hertimeasgovernessatThornfieldHall,whereshefallsinlovewithherByronicemployer,EdwardRochester;hertimewiththeRiversfamily,duringwhichherearnestbutcoldclergymancousin,St.JohnRivers,proposestoher;andthefinaleisherreunionwith,andmarriageto,herbelovedRochester.IntroductionofthebookJaneEyreisthenovelwrittenbyCharlotteBront?accodingtoherownexperiences.Inthisnovel,theauthorshapesatoughandindependentwomanwhopursuestrueloveandequality,andisagoodexampleofallwomen.JaneEyreisanorphan,andisill-treatedasalittlegirl,Shestrivesforherlife,whichmakeshertoughcharaterandstrongself-respect.Becauseofherchildhood'slifeenvironment,shelearnshowtolive.Alsojustforhergrowingexperiences,itcreatsherstrongpersonality,beautifulidealandwisdom.IntroductionofthebookJaneEyreisaspecialimageoutofordinary.Shemakesalifebyherself,darestoexpressherownidea.Uderthepressureoflife,shealwaysmaintainsherself-respectbyhardwork,intelligenceandhertoughindividualism.Shenevergivesinherownway.Thoughshehaslittlefigure,JaneEyreishugeinsoul.Shepursuestrueloveandisloyalandsteadfasttoherbelovedman.Herkindness,intelligence,andindependenceattractthehero.Atlas,tshegetsaperfectlove.Publishedin1847JaneEyrewasshockingbecause:Theheroineissmall,plain,&poor.TheheroineisthefirstfemalecharactertoclaimtherighttofeelstronglyaboutheremotionsandactonherconvictionsThisromanticgroundhadpreviouslybeenreservedformales.Suchapsychologicallycomplexheroinehadneverbeencreatedbefore.LiterarymotifsPurposeofGothicfictionwastoevokeasenseofmystery,suspense,fearandterrorMostGothicstoriesinclude:mysteryhappeningsfrighteningscenessupernaturaloccurrencesgloomylandscapesincidentsofmadnessrevelationsofshockingsecrets

JaneEyreusesmanymotifsfromGothicfiction,suchastheGothicmanor(ThornfieldHall)ThemysteryofThornfieldHallwithitsdarksecretscreatesatypicallyGothicatmosphereofsuspense.Whenresolved,wethengetthethemeofmadness,alsocommoninGothicfiction,asisthemotifoftwocharacters,JohnReedandBerthaMason,whocommitsuicide.Apparentlysupernaturalhappeningsarefrequentlymentioned,suchasJane'spropheticdreams,hersenseoftheghostofheruncle,thelightningstrikingthechestnuttreeonthenightsheagreestomarryMr.Rochester,andJaneandMr.Rochesterbeingabletoheareachother'scallovermilesofseparationwhenSt.JohnforcesJaneintoadecisiontomarryhim.

LiterarymotifsByronicHeroReferencetofamouspoet,GeorgeGordon,Lor