【贏在高考?黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷（新高考專用）

黃金卷01

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如

需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。

寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，請先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的

答案轉涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出

最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段

對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatwillthemandotonight?

A.Repairacar.B.Attendaparty.C.Pickuphiswife

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:Daddy,canIborrowyourcar?Erichasinvitedmetohisbirthdaypartytonight,but

mycarisunderrepair.

M:I'msorry,butIneedthecartopickupyourmother.

2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Agarden.B.Theweather.C.Anexperience.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Quiteagardenyouhavethisyear.Mr.Brown.

M:Yes.Well,we'vehadperfectweatherforitthisyear.

W:Yeah.Ithinkyourtenyears'experienceisequallyimportant.

3.Whereareprobablythespeakers?

A.Attheschool.B.Onthebeach.C.Inashop.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Whatareyoudoinghere?YDUsaidyouweregoingtobuysomethingsforschool.

M:Well,Uh,Mom.IhadboughtthembeforeIcameheretoenjoytheseaview.

4.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?

A.Regretful.B.Nervous.C.Confident.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Howwasyourjobinterview?

M:IwishIhadpreparedbetterforit.

W:Maybeyouwerejustnervous.

M:Yeah.1shouldhavebeenmoreconfident.

5.Whywasthewoman'screditcardcanceled?

A.Shehadapoorincome.

B.Shegotintoheavydebt.

C.Shemadelatepayments.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Mycreditcardwascanceled.Ihaveafull-timejobwithagoodincome,andIdon't

haveanyoutstandingdebt,sowhatcouldbetheproblem?

M:Didyoualwaysmakeyourpaymentsontime?

W:Well,no.

M:Thenthatisyouranswer.

第二節(jié)洪15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22?5分）

請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選

項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

6.WhydoesJonemakethephonecall?

A.Toaskforhelp.B.Toreportheraccident.C.Tomakean

appointment.

7.WhenwillJoneandBobmeet?

A.At7:05.B.At7:20.C.At7:25.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】w：Hi,Bob,thisisJone.

M:Hi,Jone.Howareyoudoing?

W:Notverygood.MycarbrokedownatthegasstationontheSunsetRoadwhileIwasonmy

waytowork.

M:That'stoobad.CanIgiveyouahand?

W:Yeah.Wouldyoumindgivingmearideonyourwaytothecompany?

M:Sure.Noproblem.Nowit's7o'clock.I'llleavein5minutes.Itwilltakeabouttwentyminutes

togetthere.

W:Thanksalot!

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

8.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Acouple.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.

9.HowdidthekidslearnEnglishfromJane?

A.Bysingingsongs.B.Byrepeatingafterher.C.Bytranslatingher

sentences.

10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Sharetheirexperience.B.Takepartinaparty,C.Gettheirpaper

ready.

【答案】8.C9.B10.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Jane.Tvebeenlookingforyou.Ourtermpaperisdue.Wherehaveyoubeen?

W:Ispentthewholedaywithdozensoflittlechildrenandpracticedwhatwe'velearntinclass.

M:Thatsoundslikefun.Wheredidyoumeetallthesekids?

W:Attheprimaryschooldownthestreet.Ivisitedoneoftheirclassesinthemorningwhenthey

weresinging.ThenItaughtthemsomesimpleEnglishintheafternoon.

M:Whatdidyouteachthem?

W:Iwrotesomesentencesandshoutedthem.Thenthekidsshoutedthembackatme.Theywere

verycute,thoughsometimestheirpronunciationdidn'tmakesense.

M:Thafsgreat.Ithinkwecanaddsomereflectionsontheexperiencetoourpaper.

W:Goodidea.Let'scompleteourpapertoday,sothatwedon'tneedtoworryaboutitinthe

cominggraduationparty.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofclassicalmusic?

A.Relaxing.B.Complicated.C.Life-changing.

12.Whatistheman?

A.Astudent.B.Adancer.C.Amusician.

13.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?

ABuysomeCDs.B.Trydancemusic.C.Listentomusic

online.

【答案】11.B12.A13.B

【原文】W:Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?

M:Dancemusic.Ithasafastbeatandislively.Youpreferclassicalmusicdon'tyou?

W:YesIdo.Ifinditveryrelaxing.That'swhyIlistentoitintheevenings.

M:ImustadmitthatIlikeseveralpiecesofclassicalmusic.It'shardertounderstandthanmodern

dancemusic.

W:Classicalmusicissupposedtobegoodforyourbrain.Researchsuggeststhatstudentswho

listentoclassicalmusicwhilestudyingperformbetter.

M:Really?PerhapsIshouldlistentoclassicalmusicoften.TvegotafewclassicalmusicCDs.

W:YbucanfindplentyofrecordingsontheInternet,too.

M:That'sagoodidea.Andyoucanlistentosomedancemusic.Youmightfindsomethingyou

like.Itmightmakeyoulivelierandhappier.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

14.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Watchingagame.B.RepairingthefridgeC.Preparingsome

food.

15.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman'splan?

A.Doubtful.B.Satisfied.C.Interested.

16.Howmanyyearshasitprobablybeensincethemanplayedbasketball?

A.About15.B.About25.C.About40.

17.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?

A.Loseweight.B.Findatrainer.C.Haveacheck-up.

【答案】14.A15.A16.B17.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Honey,thebasketballgameisreallyexciting.Andcouldyougetmeabeerfromthe

fridge?

W:OK.Butthey'renotinthefridge.Thefridgeisbeingrepaired.

M:Oh,Iforgotit.Honey,youknow,ourcompanyisorganizingabasketballteam,andI'm

thinkingaboutjoining.Whatdoyouthink?

W:Humph.

M:Whatdoyoumeanby“Humph“？1wasthestarplayerinhighschool.

W:Yeah,twenty-fiveyearsago,andyouareover40yearsoldnow.Look,Ijustdon'twantyouto

haveaheartattackrunningupanddownthecourt.

M:So,whatareyousuggesting?ShouldIjustabandontheidea?I'mnotthatoutofshape.

W:Youhaven'ttouchedbasketballsinceyoulefthighschool.1mean,yououghttoatleasthavea

physicalexaminationbeforeyoubegin.

M:Well,okay.

W:Andyouneedtotakeupalittleweighttrainingtostrengthenyourmusclesorperhapstry

cyclingtostrengthenyourheart.

M:Yeah,you'reright.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。

18.WhatdoesColdplayplantodobyholdingtheirlatesttour?

A.Rewardtheirfans.B.Helptheenvironment.C.Promoteanew

record.

19.Whatdothefansneedtododuringtheperformances?

A.Danceonspecialfloors.

B.Singtogetherintheshow.

C.Takepartincompetitions.

20.HowdoesShawnMendestrytoreduceemissions?

A.Byreducingclothingwaste.

B.Byrecyclingsingle-useplastics

C.Bystayingineco-friendlyhotels.

【答案】18.B19.A20.C

【解析】

【原文】CoidplayisafamousBritishrockband.Thebandhassoldmorethan100million

recordsworldwideandwonmanyawards.Theyakohavesupportedvarioussocialcauses.For

example,theyoncemadegreateffortstoreducepoverty.Intheirlatestworldtour,theyplantouse

theirfans'energytohelpprovidepowerfortheirmusicalperformances,advocatingwaysthatare

sustainablefortheenviionment.Thebandhasaddedspecialdancefloorstotheirlatesttour.The

floorcreateselectricitywhenpeoplemoveonitduringtheperformance.Eachspecialdancefloor

cansupportmanypeople.Thebandevenhascompetitionsbeforeitsperformancestofindout

whichgroupoffanscancreatethemostelectricity.Coldplayisnottheonlyoneworkingtoreduce

theeffectsofitstourontheEarth'sclimate.Afamoussinger,ShawnMendes,haspromisedtocut

emissionsby50percentforeachshow.Hesayshewillusegreenmaterialsintourclothing,stayat

hotelsthatpromisetocutemissionsandnotusesingle-useplastic.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

FouroftheCoolestPlantShopsintheStateofCalifornia

Plantshavegivenuscomfortduringthecoronaviruspandemic,soitshouldcomeasno

surprisethatgardenstoresaremorepopularthanever.Hereisalookatafewofourfavorites.

AllTimePlants

Location:1322CoronadoAve.SteB,LongBeach,California90804

AllTimePlantsisinsidethecofTeeandbottlehouse.Thesta*efrontisnowahybridcoffee

house-plantstore-homestorewherevisitorscanshopforplantsandhomegoodswhileenjoyinga

cupofcoffeeoraglassofwineorbeer.

EnCactusar

Location:3577N.FigueroaSt.,HighlandPark,California90065

TheCOVID-19pandemicgaveartistsJackieandJuliotheopportunitytoturntheirhobby

intotheirowngardencenter,asmallbusinessattheirBoyleHeightshome.Itisakindofplace

wherestaffmemberswillcarryyourplantsouttoyourcarforyouwhileofferingcaretips.Open

SaturdaysandSundaysonly.

Flyplant

Location:1801E7thSt,LosAngeles,California90021

Flyplantwasfoundedattheheightofthepandemic,byFilipinawithapassionforhelping

plantgrowing.Theirshopofferscustoma,splantandpotpairings,plant-themedcostumesand

gardeningtools.Recently,theyhaveaddedhands-onworkshops,whereguestscanlearnhowto

plantandcarefortheirhouseplants.

FoliaCollective

Location:5052EagleRockBlvd.,EagleRock,California90041

EveryplantatFoliaCollective,fromrosestoferns（蕨類植物），comeswithacarecard

writtenbyownerDanaeHorst,afamousauthorinthefieldofhomegrowing.Staffwillaskyou

questionstohelpyoupicktheperfectplantandoffertips.Horsthashouseplantgiftsand,before

thepandemic,hostedbooksigningsandoccasionalcuttingexchanges.

21.WhatcanyoudoinAllTimePlants?

A.Hostbooksignings.B.Drinksomecoffeeorbeer.

C.Attendclassestolookafterplants.D.Borrowgardeningtools.

22.Whichplantshopprovidesplant-themedclothing?

A.AllTimePlants.B.EnCactusar.C.Flyplant.D.FoliaCollective.

23.Whatdothefourplantshopshaveincommon?

A.Theyarefromthesamestate.B.Theyareopenonweekends.

C.Theywerefoundedduringthepandemic.D.Theycarryplantstoyourcar.

【答案】21.B22.C23.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應用文，文章介紹了在美國加利福尼亞洲的四所園藝商店。在新冠疫情

期間，觀賞植物可以放松身心，顧客們可以根據臼己的喜好，選擇帶有不同特點的園藝商店

來撫慰心靈。

[21題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據AllTimePlants"Thestorefrontisnowahybridcoffeehouse-plant

store-homestorewherevisitorscanshopforplantsandhomegoodswhileenjoyingacupof

coffeeoraglassofwineorbeer.（店面現在是一個混合咖啡屋-植物店.家居店，游客可以

在這里購買植物和家居用品，同時享受一杯咖啡或一杯葡萄酒或啤酒）''可知，你可以在

AllTimePlants喝咖啡或啤酒。故選B項。

【22題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據Flyplant“Theirshopofferscustomersplantandpotpairings,plant-themed

costumesandgaideningtools.（他們的商店為顧客提供植物和盆栽配對、植物主題服裝和

園藝工具廠可知，Flypkmt提供植物主題服裝。故選C項。

【23題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據標題“FouroftheCoolestPlantShopsintheStateofCalifornia（力口利福尼

亞州四家最酷的園藝商店戶可知，這四家園藝商店都來自加利福尼亞州。故選A項。

B

Anyoneinterestedineasywaystomakeapositiveimpactontheircommunitiesneedlookno

furtherthan12-year-oldDanykahMuck,aMichiganmiddle-schoolerwhosesimplelearning

projectisaninspirationtopositivethinkersofanyage.Itallstartedwithherwaytoschoolevery

schoolday.Everymorningshewouldgreetanoldmaninherneighborhood,whoshestilldoesn't

knowhisname,smilingorevensimplyofferingafriendlyword“hello”.Andhewouldalways

nodandsmileback."Itseemstoconsiderablychangetheemotionalenergyaroundmeinthe

community,“Shenoticedthisinbothdirections,'Thatsimpleactcanbothchangeourentireday

withhowtheygreetme.,,

Lastspring,Muckbroughtanideatoherteachers.Sheprovidedthemwithapileofsticky

notesshehadfilledwithbrief-sometimesone-word—positivemessages.Shethenaskedthe

teacherstoplacethenotesonstudents9desksbeforetheyarrivedatschoolthenextday.Shealso

gavepre-filledstickynotestothelunchstaffandtoschooladministratorsincludingtheprincipal.

Theideawastomakeiteasyforteachers,staffandstudentstoregularlyencounterremindersthat

theymatterandarevalued.4tYbuareenoughjustbeingyou,“readsonefavoritenote.Muck'sidea

couldbejustthethinginanoffice,assistedlivingfacilityorevenathomeforasmallfamily.

“Low?cost“positiveinteractions,likeafriendlywordofferedtothepostalworko-orcoffee

shopservant,areshownbypsychologyresearchestobuildsympathyandabateloneliness.An

anonymousnotesentintosomeone'sinboxorstucktotheirfrontdoorisperhapsthelowest-cost

connectionthereis,withpotentialbenefitsbeyondourimagination.Sometimesthesmallest

encouragementshavethebiggestimpact.Whatwouldyousayonastickynotetosharewith

someoneinyourcommunity?

24.Whatmessagedoesparagraph1convey?

A.Middle-schoolersarefriendlytotheelderly.

B.Asimpleactofkindnessmakesadifference.

C.Acommunitycanbeeasilyshapedbyinterest.

D.Learningprojectscaninspirepositivethinkers.

25.HowdidMuckhelppeopleinherschool?

A.Bywritingthank-youletters.B.Bymeansofstickingnotices.

C.Bytalkingwithschoolleaders.D.Bywritingencouragingwords.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“abate“probablymean?

A.Measure.B.Monitor.C.Ease.D.Stand.

27.Thebesttitleforthetextisprobably.

A.WhatafriendlywordmeanstoastrangerB.Neverbebotheredbynegativethoughts

C.BrightenthecommunitywithpositivityD.Howtobuildaharmoniouscommunity

【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了密歇根州的一名12歲的中學生DanykahMuck

她積極幫助身邊人的，用簡單的舉動在很大程度上改變了社區(qū)里的情緒能量。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第一段最后一句"Itseemstoconsiderablychangetheemotional

energyaroundmeinthecommunity（這似乎在很大程度上改變「我在社區(qū)里的情緒能量）”

和“Thatsimpleactcanbothchangeourentiredaywithhowtheygreetme（這個簡單的舉動

可以通過他們問候我的方式改變我們的一整天）”結合上文可知，像點頭致意、打招呼

這樣微不足道的舉動會對人產生大的影響。故選B項。

【25題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段第二句"Sheprovidedthemwithapileofstickynotesshehad

filledwithbrief—sometimesone-word—positivemessages.（她給他們提供了一堆便利貼，

上面寫滿了簡短的——有時只有一個詞——積極的信息。）”及后面的note,

encouragement等信息可知，Muck在紙條上寫些催人奮進的話來激勵別人。故選D項。

【26題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據文章最后一段第一句"'Low-cost'positiveinteractions,likeafriendly

wordofferedtothepostalworkerorcoffeeshopservant,areshownbypsychology

researcherstobuildsympathy（心理學研究人員發(fā)現，“低成本”的積極互動，比如對郵政

工作人員或咖啡店服務員說一句友好的話，可以建立同情心）”可以推出，劃線處是指“低

成本”的積極互動也可以“緩解（Ease）”孤獨。故選C項。

【27題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據文章第一段最后一句'"Itseemstoconsiderablychangetheemotional

energyaroundmeinthecommunity,'Shenoticedthisinbothdirections,Thatsimpleactcan

bothchangeourentii-edaywithhowtheygreetme."（這似乎在很大程度上改變了我在社

區(qū)里的情緒能量，“她從兩個方面注意到這一點，”這個簡單的舉動可以通過他們問候我

的方式改變我們的一整天”可知，本文主要講述了一位密歇根女孩用積極的舉動來

幫助社區(qū)身邊人的事情，所以C項“Brightenthecommunitywithpositivity（用積極樂觀

照亮社區(qū)）”作為標題最為合適。故選C項。

C

Lonelinessissignificantmentalhealthconcernandcanraiseriskofdeathby45%and

contactwithnatureincitiessignificantlyreducesfeelingsofloneliness,accordingtoateamof

scientists.

Thestudyisthefirsttoassesshowtheenvironmentcanaffectloneliness.Itusedreal-time

data,collectedviaasmartphoneapp,ratherthanrelyingonpeople'smemoryofhowtheywere

feeling.

Theresearchfoundthatfeelingsofovercrowdingincreasedlonelinessbyanaverageof30%.

Butwhenpeoplewereabletoseetreesorhearbirds,feelingsoflonelinessfellby28%.Feelings

ofsocialinclusionalsocutlonelinessby21%andwhenthesefeelingscoincided（巧合）with

contactwithnature,thebeneficialeffectwasboostedbyafurther18%.

Thefindingspointedtointerventionstoreduceloneliness.Theresearcherssaid,"Specific

measuresthatincreasesocialinclusionandcontactwithnatureshouldbetaken,especiallyin

thicklypopulatedcities."Timespentinnatureisknowntoboostwell-being,withwoodlandwalks

estimatedtosavetheUKatleast￡185mayearinmentalhealthcosts,forexample.

TheresearchcollecteddatafromurbancitizensacrosstheworldusingtheUrbanMind

researchapp.Morethan750peopleprovided16,600oftheseassessments.Theparticipantswere

self-selectingandsoitdidnotprovidearepresentativesampleofthewiderpopulations.Butwhen

theresearcherstookage,education,andoccupationintoaccount,thebenefitsofnaturecontact

andfeelingsofsocialinclusiononlonelinessremainedstronglystatisticallysignificant.Johanna

Gibbons,partoftheresearchteam,said,"Citiesareprobablytheonlyhabitatthatisincreasingat

ahighrate.Soweshouldbecreatingurbanhabitatswherepeoplecanthrive（興旺）

28.Howwastheresearchconducted?

A.Byrelyingonpeople'smemory.

B.Bysurveying750urbanparticipants.

C.Bycollectingdatathroughasmartphoneapp.

D.Bycheckingaworldwiderepresentativesample.

29.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?

A.Manybigcitiestaketheleadintheresearch.

B.Timespentindoorsimprovespeople'swell-being.

C.Woodlandwalksgreatlyreducesocialcontactwithpeople.

D.InterventionstoreducelonelinessbenefittheUKfinancially.

30.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearch?

A.Itoffersawiderangeofsamplesglobally.

B.Manyfactorsareconsideredexcepteducation.

C.Thecarefullyselectedparticipantsarereliable.

D.Thefindingsarestatisticallyremarkable.

31.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thementalproblemsoflivinginbigcities.

B.Developingurbanhabitatsatahighspeed.

C.Researchonhowtogetridoflonelinessinnature.

D.Reducinglonelinessincitiesviacontactwithnature.

【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是研究表明可以通過與大自然接觸來減少城市里

的孤獨感。

【28題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的“Itusedreal-timedata,collectedviaasmartphoneapp,rather

thanrelyingonpeople,smemoryofhowtheywerefeeling.（它使用通過智能手機應用程序

收集的實時數據，而不是依靠人們對自己感覺的記憶）”可知，研究是通過智能手機應用

收集數據。故選C。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第四段的“Timespentinnatureisknowntoboostwell-being,with

woodlandwalksestimatedtosavetheUKatleast￡185mayearinmentalhealthcosts,for

example.（眾所周知，花時間在大自然中可以提高幸福感，例如，在林地里散步估計每年

節(jié)省給英國至少節(jié)省￡185心理健康成本）”可知，減少孤獨感的干預措施在經濟上對英

國有利。故選D。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“Butwhentheresearcherstookage,education,and

occupationintoaccount,thebenefitsofnaturecontactandfeelingsofsocialinclusionon

lonelinessremainedstronglystatisticallysignificant.（但當研究人員將年齡、教育和職業(yè)考

慮在內時，與自然接觸和社會包容的感覺對孤獨的好處在統計上仍然非常顯著）”可知，

這項研究把除了教育之外的很多因素都考慮在內。故選B。

[31題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Lonelinessissignificantmentalhealthconcern

andcanraiseriskofdeathby45%andcontactwithnatureincitiessignificantlyreduces

feelingsofloneliness,accordingtoateamofscientists.（一組科學家表示，孤獨是一種嚴重

的心理健康問題，可能會使死亡風險提高45%,而在城市中接觸大自然可以顯著減少

孤獨感）”可知，本文主要講的是研究表明可以通過與大自然接觸來減少城市里的孤獨感。

故選D。

D

Whetheryouconsumeitinicecream,coffee,cupcakes,pudding,orproteinshakes,the

vanillayoueatinthefuturemighttastejustalittlebitsweeterthankstoasurprisingnew

ingredient:usedplastic.

Admittedly,itdoesn'tsoundveryappetizing.ToscientistsJoannaSadlerandStephen

WallaceatScotland'sUniversityofEdinburgh,however,whafsevenlessdeliciousisplastic

waste,whichcuirentlyenterstheoceanatarateof8milliontonsperyear-enoughplasticwaste

tooutweighalloftheocean?sfishbytheyear2050.Tohelpstoptheplasticpollutiononlandand

atsea,they'vedesignedanovelwaytoturnitintovanillin,achemicalsubstanceinvanillaextract

thatgivesititsdistinctvanillasmellandflavor.

Althoughitcanbefoundinnaturalvanillabeanextract,vanillinalsocanbemade

syntheticallyusingchemicalscomingfrompetrol.Tocreateitfromplastic,instead,researchers

geneticallymodifiedastrainofE.colibacteriasothatitcanmakevanillinfromarawmaterial

usedintheproductionofplasticbottles.

Accordingtotheirresearchpaper,around85%oftheworld'svanillinissynthesizedfrom

chemicalsthatareobtainedfromfossilfuels.That'sbecausedemandforvanillin-whichisused

widelynotonlyinfood,butalsoinbeautyproducts,cleaningproducts,andherbicides—isfar

greaterthansupply.InMadagascar,whichgrows80%oftheworld'snaturalvanilla,pollinating,

harvesting,andcuringvanillabeansisalongandpainstakingprocessthatcouldn'tpossiblyyield

enoughvanillinformodernappetites.Andevenifitcould,theonlywaytonaturallyincrease

vanillinsupplywouldbetoplantmorevanillaplantations,whichwoulddrivedeforestation.

Beingabletocreatevanillinwithplasticinsteadofpetroleummeansincreasingvanillin

supplywhiledecreasingplasticwaste,reducingindustrialrelianceonfossilfuels,andpreserving

forests.

“Usingmicroorganismstoturnwasteplastics,whichareharmfultotheenvironment,intoan

importantproductisabeautifuldemonstrationofgreenchemistry/'saidEllisCrawford,

publishingeditorattheUnitedKingdom'sRoyalSocietyofChemistry.

32.Howdoscientistsproducevanilla?

A.Extractingitfromplasticbottles.

B.Formingitwithoutbacteria.

C.Changingtheformulaofproteinshakes.

D.Takingitfromoceanlife.

33.Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“synthetically”

inparagraph3?

A.Naturally.B.Artificially.

C.Biologically.D.Industrially.

34.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Madagascaristhebiggestvanillaimportcountryintheworld.

B.Makingnaturalvanillaisaneasyprocess.

C.Enlargingvanillaplantationsisenvironmentally-friendly.

D.Producingvanillafromplasticisawin-winsolution.

35.Wherewillyoupossiblyreadthispassage?

A.Inasciencemagazine.B.Inatravelbooklet.

C.Inaneconomictextbook.D.Inanadvertisement.

【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人造香草香精的制造過程。

【32題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的'Tocreateitfromplastic,instead,researchersgenetically

modifiedastrainofE.colibacteriasothatitcanmakevanillinfromarawmaterialusedin

theproductionofplasticbottles.（相反，為了用塑料制造香草香精，研究人員對一株大腸

桿菌進行了基因改造，使其能夠從塑料瓶生產中使用的原材料中生產香草香精）“可知，

香草香精可以從塑料中提取，故選A項。

【33題詳解】

詞句猜測題。由第三段“Althoughitcanbefoundmnaturalvanillabeanextract,vanillinalso

canbemadesyntheticallyusingchemicalscomingfrompetrol.Tocreateitfromplastic,

instead,researchersgeneticallymodifiedastrainofE.colibacteriasothatitcanmake

vanillinfromarawmaterialusedintheproductionofplasticbottles.（雖然香草香精可以在

天然香子蘭豆提取物中找到，但也可以使用來自汽油的化學物質synthetically香草香精。

相反，為了用塑料制造香草香精，研究人員對一株大腸桿菌進行/基因改造，使其能夠

從塑料瓶生產中使用的原材料中生產香草香精）”可知，第三段講述J'實驗室里人造香草

香精的過程，synthetically意為“人造的（Artificially）故選B項。

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第四段中的“InMadagascar,whichgrows80%oftheworld'snaturalvanilla,

pollinating,harvesting,andcuringvanillabeansisalongandpainstakingprocessthat

couldn'tpossiblyyieldenoughvanillinformodernappetites.Andevenifitcould,theonly

waytonaturallyincreasevanillinsupplywouldbetoplantmorevanillaplantations,which

woulddrivedeforestation.（馬達加斯加種植著世界80%的天然香草，授粉、收獲和腌制

香子蘭豆是一個漫長而艱苦的過程，不可能產生足夠的香蘭香精來滿足現代人的胃口。

即使可以，自然增加香蘭香精供應的唯一方法是種植更多的香子蘭豆種植園，這將導致

森林砍伐）'’講述了通過自然手段獲得香草香精的難度及危害，第五段“Beingableto

createvanillinwithplasticinsteadofpetroleummeansincreasingvanillinsupplywhile

decreasingplasticwaste,reducingindustrialrelianceonfossilfuels,andpreservingforests.

（能夠用塑料代替石油生產香草香精意味著增加香草香精供應，同時減少塑料廢物，減

少工業(yè)對化石燃料的依賴，保護森林）”講述了人工提取香草香精的意義，所以從塑料中

生產香草香精是件雙贏的事情，故選D項。

[35題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Tohelpstoptheplasticpollutiononlandandatsea,they've

designedanovelwaytoturnitintovanillin,achemicalsubstanceinvanillaextractthatgives

ititsdistinctvanillasmellandflavor.（為了幫助阻止陸地和海上的塑料污染，他們設計了

一種新的方法將其轉化為香草香精，香草香精是香子蘭豆提取物中的一種化學物質，賦

予香子蘭豆獨特的香草氣味和風味）”和下文內容可知，本文是一篇科技說明文，介紹了

人造香草香精的制造過程，文章可能會出現在“科學雜志”上。故選A項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多

余選項。

Eatingtogetherasafamilyisararethingthesedays.36OnceIstartmyownfamily,

Elldefinitelydoanyt