高中閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練附答案解析1篇Youmaynotknowalotofpeoplewhenyoustarthighschool.Evenifyouknowsomefreshmen(新生),youstillfeelnervousthatyoudon'tknowanyupperclassmenorteachers.Howareyougoingtomakefriendsamongthisseaofunknownfaces?Mosthighschoolsholdafreshmanorientationbeforeschoolactuallystarts,whichishelpfulnotonlybecauseyoucanknowyourwayaroundthebuildingandgettomeetsomeofyourteachers,butalsobecauseyougettomeetfellowfreshmen.Thatway,whenyoushowuponyourfirstdayofschool,youmayalreadyrecogniseafewfamiliarfaces.Whenyoutalktoyournewclassmates,you'llprobablyfindthatalotofthemarefeelingjustlikeyouare.They'reallnewtotheschoolanddon'tknowwhattoexpect.Talkingaboutacommonconcernwiththemcanhelpyoudevelopfriendships.Theworkinhighschoolissomethingthatfreshmenareprobablyworriedabout.Theworkinhighschoolbuildsonwhatyoulearntinmiddleschool,givingyouamoreadvancedknowledgeofmanysubjects.Soyoumayfindyouhavemoreworktodoorthatit'sabitmorechallenging.Ifyoueverfindyourworktoodifficult,teacherscangiveyouextrahelp.Highschoolalsohasmoreextracurricularactivitiesthanmiddleschooldoessuchasclubs,musicandtheatregroupsandsportsteams.Thisisagoodtimetoexploreyourinterestsandtrynewthings.Highschoolgivesyouthechancetolearnhowtomanageyourtime,todevelopyoursocialskillsandinterests,andmoreimportantlytobemoreindependentandresponsible.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“orientation”meaninParagraph2?A．Training. B．Game.C．Discussion. D．Examination.2．Whatarefreshmenprobablyworriedabout?A．Thelearningtask.B．Theabilitytomakefriends.C．Therelationshipwithteachers.D．Thefreshmanorientation.3．Extracurricularactivitiesmainlyhelpstudents________.A．builduphealthybodiesB．developfriendshipsC．developtheinterestsD．improvetheirlearningability4．Whoisthispassagewrittenfor?A．Freshmenathighschool.B．Freshmen'sparents.C．Middleschoolstudents.D．Upperclassmeninhighschool.【答案】1．A2．A3．C4．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要從新生培訓(xùn)大會(huì)、認(rèn)識(shí)新同學(xué)、學(xué)業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)等方面向新生介紹了高中生活。1．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句中的“Mosthighschoolsholdafreshmanorientationbeforeschoolactuallystarts,beforeschoolactuallystarts,whichishelpfulnotonlybecauseyoucanknowyourwayaroundthebuildingandgettomeetsomeofyourteachers,butalsobecauseyougettomeetfellowfreshmen”（大多數(shù)高中都會(huì)在開學(xué)之前舉行新生orientation，它是有幫助的，可以讓你了解教學(xué)樓周圍的路、認(rèn)識(shí)一些老師和新同學(xué)）可知，freshmanorientation可以幫助你了解校園，認(rèn)識(shí)老師和同學(xué)，由此可它類似于新生培訓(xùn)大會(huì)。故orientation指的是培訓(xùn)，與training“培訓(xùn)”的意思一致。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Theworkinhighschoolissomethingthatfreshmenareprobablyworriedabout.”（高中學(xué)業(yè)可能是新生擔(dān)心的）可知，高中的學(xué)業(yè)是新生們很可能會(huì)擔(dān)心的一方面。故選A項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Highschoolalsohasmoreextracurricularactivitiesthanmiddleschooldoessuchasclubs,musicandtheatregroupsandsportsteams.Thisisagoodtimetoexploreyourinterestsandtrynewthings.”（比起初中來，高中有更多的課外互動(dòng)，例如俱樂部、音樂和戲劇社團(tuán)以及體育隊(duì)。這是一個(gè)探索你的興趣和嘗試新事物的好時(shí)機(jī)）可知，高中的課外活動(dòng)是讓你培養(yǎng)自己的興趣愛好和嘗試新事物的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要從新生培訓(xùn)大會(huì)、認(rèn)識(shí)新同學(xué)、高中學(xué)業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)等方面向新生介紹了高中生活，再結(jié)合第一段的“Youmaynotknowalotofpeoplewhenyoustarthighschool.”（當(dāng)你開始高中學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，你可能認(rèn)識(shí)的人不多）可推知，此篇文章是針對(duì)高中的新生寫的。故選A項(xiàng)。2篇Learninganewlanguageisalonganddifficultprocess.Thisprocesscanbecomeeasierifyousetgoals.Goalshelpguidelanguagelearnersandgivethemreasonstocontinuestudyingalanguage.However,ifyourgoalsaretoodifficult,thenyouwillprobablybecomeupset.ManyEnglishlearnerssetdifficultandevenunreasonablegoals,suchassoundinglikeanativespeaker,orlosingtheiraccents.Theproblemwiththegoalofsoundinglikeanativespeakeristhatitisnotareasonablegoalformanypeople.WhenEnglishlearnersbeginstudyingEnglishafteracertainage,theyarenotabletosoundexactlylikeanativeEnglishspeaker.ThatistheopinionofEliHinkel,aprofessoratSeattlePacificUniversity.Shesaysthatpeoplewhohavenotreachedpubertystillhaveenoughmuscleandbrainplasticity(可塑性)toallowtheirbraintocontroltheirmouthmuscles.Pubertyistheperiodoflifewhenachildbecomesanadult.Afteryourphysicalgrowthhasstopped,thebrainlosessomeofitsabilitytochangethewayitcontrolsthemusclesofthemouth.Thisiswhatresultsinanaccent,accordingtoHinkel.Inotherwords,havinganaccentisanaturalpartoftheagingprocessofthebrain.Thatyoumightnotsoundlikeanativespeakerdoesnotmeanthatyoushouldgiveuptryingtoimproveyourpronunciation.Andthatyouhaveanaccentdoesnotmeanthatyourlanguageskillsarepoor.HinkelsuggeststhatEnglishlearnersshouldnotbetooupsetabouttheiraccents.Anotherteachersayssoundinglikeanativespeakerisnotnecessary.MarlaYoshidaisateachingEnglishasaforeignlanguageteacherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.Shesaysthatimprovingyourpronunciationissurelypossible—ifyouchooseareasonablegoal.MarlaYoshidasaysthatwhenyoudecidetodiet,youaremorelikelytohavesuccessifyousetreasonablegoals.Shesuggestsworkingonspecificareasofpronunciationthatyoucanimprove,insteadoftryingtosoundlikeanativespeaker.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“unreasonablegoals”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Goalsthataremeaningless.B．Goalsthatareverysmall.C．Goalsthatarebasedonfacts.D．Goalsthatareimpossibletoreach.2．AccordingtoParagraph3,whyareEnglishlearnersunabletosoundlikeanativespeaker?A．Theyhavenonativespeakerstotalkto.B．Theydon’thaveenoughtimetopractice.C．Theirbraincan’tcontroltheirmouthmuscles.D．Theirmothertonguepreventsthemfromdoingso.3．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldEliHinkelprobablyagreewith?A．Havinganaccentisacceptable.B．Improvingpronunciationisn’tthatimportant.C．Soundinglikeanativespeakerisimpossible.D．Poorpronunciationmeanspoorlanguageskills.【答案】1．D2．C3．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明語言學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該為自己設(shè)置合理的目標(biāo)，不要設(shè)置不切實(shí)際的目標(biāo)。1．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“ManyEnglishlearnerssetdifficultandevenunreasonablegoals,suchassoundinglikeanativespeaker,orlosingtheiraccents.(許多英語學(xué)習(xí)者設(shè)定了困難甚至不合理的目標(biāo)，比如聽起來像母語人士，或者去掉口音)”可知，unreasonablegoals(不合理的目標(biāo))指的是那些難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Afteryourphysicalgrowthhasstopped,thebrainlosessomeofitsabilitytochangethewayitcontrolsthemusclesofthemouth.(當(dāng)你的身體發(fā)育停止后，大腦就失去了一些改變控制口腔肌肉方式的能力)”可知，英語學(xué)習(xí)者無法像母語人士一樣發(fā)音，因?yàn)樗麄兊拇竽X已經(jīng)控制不了口腔里的肌肉了。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inotherwords,havinganaccentisanaturalpartoftheagingprocessofthebrain.(換句話說，有口音是大腦發(fā)育過程中的一個(gè)自然組成部分)”及第四段中的“HinkelsuggeststhatEnglishlearnersshouldnotbetooupsetabouttheiraccents.(Hinkel建議英語學(xué)習(xí)者不要太在意他們的口音)”可推知，Hinkel認(rèn)為有口音是可以接受的。故選A。3篇FirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers(滅火器).Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual(手動(dòng)的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith(胡亂擺弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing:·TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.·Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.·Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:·Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃動(dòng)），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.·Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.·Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.1．Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A．Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B．Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C．Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D．Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.2．Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A．Pipesandsmokedetectors.B．Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C．Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D．Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations3．Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould________.A．rushquicklytoaliftB．gatheratthenearestexit.C．shutthedoorandleaveatonceD．waitforinstructionsinthehall4．Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A．Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B．Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C．Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D．Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.5．Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_________.A．contactthehallstaffregularlyB．coverthethingsthatburneasilyC．startthesmokedetectorinafireD．makecertaintheredlightisworking【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．A5．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從火警、消防訓(xùn)練、滅火器和煙霧探測(cè)器的使用等方面介紹了一些防火信息。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers(滅火器).可知，專職消防人員主要職責(zé)是檢查、測(cè)試和維護(hù)所有的校園建筑物防火裝備。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FireAlarms中的句子Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.可知，火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)由熱探測(cè)器、煙霧探測(cè)器和噴頭組成。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FireDrills中的句子TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.和Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.可知，在消防演習(xí)中，學(xué)生鎖好門并立即從最近的緊急出口離開。故選C。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FireExtinguishers中的句子Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.可知，誤用滅火器會(huì)導(dǎo)致罰款。故選A。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SmokeDetector中的句子Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃動(dòng)），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.可知，煙霧探測(cè)器是否安全運(yùn)行，看紅燈是否閃動(dòng)。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：文章內(nèi)容較為簡單，集中考查細(xì)節(jié)題，對(duì)此類題型，考生可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別。如小題3中C選擇項(xiàng)中l(wèi)eaveatonce與文中的Exitimmediately表達(dá)的同一個(gè)意思；小題4中考生要理解文中fines（罰款）是A選擇項(xiàng)中punishment（懲罰）的一種，這些都考生需要比較它們之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別。4篇TheWorldWildlifeFundforNature-WWF-reportsthatnearly3billionanimalswerekilledordisplacedbyAustralia’swildfiresin2019and2020.Thenumber,reportedinlateJuly,wasaboutthreetimeshigherthananearlierWWFestimate.“Itranksasoneoftheworstwildlifedisastersinmodernhistory,”saidWWF-AustraliaChiefExecutiveofficerDermotO’Gorman.TheWWFsaidituseddifferentmethodstoestimatewildlifepopulations,includinginformationfromover100,000studies.Thescientistscreatedmodelstoestimatethenumberofcreaturesfoundinareasdestroyedbyfire.ProjectleaderLilyVanEedenfromtheUniversityofSydneysaidtheresearchwasthefirstcontinent-wideexaminationofanimalsaffectedbywildfires.“Othernationscanbuilduponthisresearchtoimproveunderstandingofbushfireimpactseverywhere,”shesaid.Thosecreaturesthatfleddestroyedhabitatsfacedalackoffoodandshelterorthelikelihoodofmovingintoalreadyoccupiedhabitats.Researcherssaidthedestructionwillcausesomespeciestobecomeextinctbeforetheirexistenceisevenrecorded.“Wedon’tevenknowwhatwearelosing,”saidChrisDickman,aprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofSydney.“Thesewerespeciesthatwerehereandnowtheyhavegone...It’salmosttootragictothinkabout,”Dickmanadded.TheWWFreportcallsforimprovementsinhabitatconnectivitytohelpspeciesescapefromfires.Italsocallsforidentifyingandprotectinghabitatthatwasnotburnedtohelpsavethreatenedspecies.Anexpandedreportonthestudyisexpectedlaterthisyear.ThewildfiresstartedinSeptember2019andcontinuedthroughMarchofthisyear.ScientistssaythefireswerefueledbyhigherthannormaltemperaturesandyearsofdroughtintheAustralianbush.Thefirescaused34humandeathsanddestroyednearly3,000homes.TheWWFsaidthatoverthepastyear,ithadraisedmoneyfromdonorstoallocateemergencyaidtothefrontlinesofthefirestohelpinjuredanddisplacedwildlife.1．WhatdoweknowaboutAustralia’swildfiresin2019and2020?A．Theyweretheworstdisastersinhistory.B．Over3billionanimalsdiedinthewildfires.C．Theycausedmoredamagethancalculatedearlier.D．Mostanimalsmovedtoalreadyoccupiedhabitats.2．HowdidChrisDickmanfeelabouttheextinctionofsomespecies?A．Astonished. B．Pained. C．Annoyed. D．Puzzled.3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Thewildfireslastawholeyear.B．Thewildfireswerecausedbytheheat.C．Thewildfiresalsocausedamagestohumans.D．Thewildfiresweresoonundercontrolwithdonations.4．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A．Humansshouldn’toccupywildlifehabitat.B．Humansshouldn’toverestimatethebushfire.C．Weshouldraisemoneyforwildlifeprotection.D．Weshoulddevelopthemethodstopreventwildfires.【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．A【分析】本篇是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要描述了澳大利亞山火對(duì)動(dòng)物和人類造成的影響。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thenumber,reportedinlateJuly,wasaboutthreetimeshigherthananearlierWWFestimate.”七月底報(bào)告的數(shù)字比世界自然基金會(huì)早先估計(jì)的數(shù)字高出三倍?？赏茢喟拇罄麃喌纳交鹪斐傻膫Ρ仍扔?jì)算的要多很多。故選C項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesewerespeciesthatwerehereandnowtheyhavegone...It’salmosttootragictothinkabout,”這些物種曾經(jīng)在這里，現(xiàn)在它們已經(jīng)消失了……這實(shí)在是太悲劇了?？赏茢郈hrisDickman對(duì)于物種的滅絕感到痛心。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefirescaused34humandeathsanddestroyednearly3,000homes.”大火造成34人死亡，近3000座房屋被毀?？芍?，山火也對(duì)人類造成了傷害。故選C項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段“Italsocallsforidentifyingandprotectinghabitatthatwasnotburnedtohelpsavethreatenedspecies.”它還呼吁識(shí)別和保護(hù)未被燒毀的棲息地，以幫助拯救瀕危物種。所以這里倡導(dǎo)人類不要占據(jù)野生動(dòng)物的棲息地。故選A項(xiàng)。5篇Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan’tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort,cleannessandorderarenotnecessarilythemostimportantthings.Thesocialservicesfromtimetotimefindthemselvesfacedwithaflatwithdecayingfoodcoveredbysmallworms,andanoldpersonlyingaloneinbed,takingnonoticeoftheworms.Butisitinterfering(干涉)withpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof.Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.Indeed,theoldcanbeeasilyhurtorharmed.Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenance(機(jī)械維修，保養(yǎng))asitgetsolder.Youcancarrythiscomparisonrightthroughtotheprovisionofspareparts.Butneverforgetthatsuchoperationsarepainfulexperiences,howevergoodtheresultswillbe.Andatwhatpointshouldyoustoptotreattheoldbody?Isitmorallyrighttotrytopushoffdeathbyseekingthedevelopmentofdrugstoexcitetheforgetfuloldmindandtoactivatetheoldbody,knowingthatitisdesignedtodie?Youcan'taskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,becausesolongastheycanseethetechnicalopportunities,theywillfeelboundtogivethematry,ontheprinciplethatwhilethere’slife,there’shope.Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Thevaluesaredifferentbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B．Themoralproblemsraisedbyoldpeople.C．Thepersonalfreedomfortheold.D．Oldpeople’sviewpointonlife.2．Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A．veryoldpeoplewouldliketolivealonetohavemorepersonalfreedomB．veryoldpeopleareabletokeeptheirroomcleanC．veryoldpeopleliketolivewiththeirchildrenD．socialserviceshavenothingtodowithveryoldpeople3．Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisright?A．Theolderaperson,themorecareheneeds.B．Toomuchemphasishasbeenputonoldpeople’svalues.C．Thehumanbodycan’tbecomparedtoacar.D．Itiseasytoprovidesparepartsforoldpeople.4．Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto“________”．A．theirmoneyortheirhealthB．theconclusionyoucometoC．yourtalktotheoldpeopleD．whetherageishappyorunpleasant【答案】1．B2．A3．A4．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述的是很多老人都希望自己不要過多受別人的管束，要給他們一定的自由，以及對(duì)一些社會(huì)工作者的一些觀點(diǎn)。1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.（老年人確實(shí)會(huì)給幾乎所有與他們接觸的人帶來道德問題）及全文內(nèi)容主要圍繞老年人引起的道德問題。故選B。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中Butisitinterferingwithpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof?Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.（但是，堅(jiān)持讓他們和親戚住在一起，以便得到更好的照顧，這是否妨礙了個(gè)人自由?一些社會(huì)工作者，那些清理蠕蟲的人，認(rèn)為我們正處于把個(gè)人自由的概念帶到一個(gè)嚴(yán)重威脅老年人健康和安全的地步的危險(xiǎn)之中。）可知，許多老年人喜歡獨(dú)自生活以獲得更多的個(gè)人自由。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第2句Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenanceasitgetsolder.（身體就像一輛汽車，隨著年齡的增長，它需要更多的機(jī)械保養(yǎng)。）可推知，一個(gè)人越老，他需要的關(guān)心就越多。故選A。4．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.（然而，當(dāng)你與老年人交談時(shí)，你不得不得出這樣的結(jié)論:老去是快樂還是不快樂，與其說取決于金錢或健康，不如說是取決于你的娛樂能力。）可知，老去是快樂還是不快樂是取決于你的娛樂能力。故it指代上文whetherageishappyorunpleasant。故選D。6篇ItraveledtoLondon,Englandinthespringof2016.Actually,ItraveledwithCAPAInternationalEducationonastudyprogram.Atthattime,Ididafullthree-monthprogrambutItraveledonweekendsandduringbreaks.IusedtoliveinasmalltownoutsideNewYork.TheideaofbigcitieshasalwaysexcitedmeandIwantedtotakeadvantageofthatonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunity.ItwasagreatopportunityformetoseehowindependentIcouldbeinanothercountry,becauseIhopetotravelalotmoreinthefuture.IlivedinaflatinEalingBroadwaywithseveralotherstudentsfromdifferentAmericanschools.ThebiggestsurpriseIfoundtherewasthecultureshockIexperienced.IhadexpectedtravelingtoLondontobeaneasytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變)formebecauseIthoughttheirculturewasclosetothatofAmerica.ButyouknowthelanguageandthepeopleweregreatlydifferentfromwhatIhadexpected.Theyhaddifferentaccents.Infact,theywerenoisyandmorefree-thinkingthanmostAmericansIknew.However,ItriedtotakepartintheirgiantChineseNewYearcelebrationinTrafalgarSquare.IwenttoseveralJewishsocietyholidaycelebrationsandactivelyparticipatedinanyculturalactivitiesIknewatthattime.Itwasgreattobeabletotrulyputmyselfintheirculture.TheseareexperiencesIcouldn'tgetanywhereelse.Iwouldsuggestpeoplehopingtofollowinmyfootstepsnotletanythingholdthembackfromexploringtheforeignculturespresentedtothem.Yes,youarethereforschool,butyournumberonepriority(優(yōu)先)isyourself.Somakesureyougohomewithnoregrets.Donotmissanything!1．Whatwastheauthor'smainpurposeingoingtoLondon?A．Togosightseeing.B．Tovisitsomerelatives.C．Tojoininastudyprogram.D．Toexperiencethelifeinabigcity.2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheopportunityoftravelingtoLondon?A．Itwouldchangehislife.B．Itwouldtesthisindependence.C．Itwouldmakehisdreamcometrue.D．Itwouldhelpimprovehiscommunicationability.3．Whatwasbeyondtheauthor'sexpectationafterarrivinginLondon?A．Culturedifferences. B．Unfriendlystudents.C．Hislivingconditions. D．Somestrangeaccents.4．Inthelastparagraph,theauthormainlyadvisespeoplestudyingabroadto________.A．exploremoreinterestingplacesfortravelingB．trytoreceivemoreinternationaleducationC．combinestudywithexploringforeignculturesD．lookformorewaystodealwiththecultureshock【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．C【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在去英國參加學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目期間，利用周末和假期旅游，努力融入當(dāng)?shù)匚幕⑶腋惺艿搅藢W(xué)習(xí)與探索外國文化融為一體的重要意義。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ItraveledtoLondon,Englandinthespringof2016.Actually,ItraveledwithCAPAInternationalEducationonastudyprogram.(2016年春天，我去了英國倫敦。事實(shí)上，我和卡帕國際教育公司一起參加了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目。)”可知，作者去倫敦的主要目的是參加一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ItwasagreatopportunityformetoseehowindependentIcouldbeinanothercountry(對(duì)我來說，這是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)，讓我看到自己在另一個(gè)國家可以多么獨(dú)立)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這將考驗(yàn)他的獨(dú)立性。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThebiggestsurpriseIfoundtherewasthecultureshockIexperienced.(最讓我驚訝是我所經(jīng)歷的文化沖擊。)”可知，到達(dá)倫敦后，文化差異超出了作者的預(yù)期。故選A。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Iwouldsuggestpeoplehopingtofollowinmyfootstepsnotletanythingholdthembackfromexploringtheforeignculturespresentedtothem.(我建議那些想追隨我腳步的人不要讓任何事情阻礙他們?nèi)ヌ剿魍鈬幕?”可知，作者建議那些希望像他一樣赴英國學(xué)習(xí)的人們不要讓任何事情阻止他們探索呈現(xiàn)在他們面前的外國文化。要把學(xué)習(xí)與探索外國文化相結(jié)合起來。故選C。7篇Asyearswentby,Irealizedthatoneofthebiggestproblemsoftheseadultswasworry.Alargemajorityofstudentswerebusinessmen,executives,salesmen,engineers,accountants：acrosssectionofallthetradesandprofessions—andmostofthemhadproblems!Therewerewomenintheclasses—businesswomenandhousewives.They,too,hadproblems!Clearly,whatIneededwasatextbookonhowtoconquerworry—soagainItriedtofindone.IwenttoNewYork’sgreatpubliclibraryatFifthAvenueandForty-secondStreetanddiscovered,tomyastonishment,thatthislibraryhadonlytwenty--twobookslistedunderthetitleWORRY.Ialsonoticed,tomyamusement,thatithadonehundredandeighty--ninebookslistedunderWORMS.Almostninetimesasmanybooksaboutwormsasaboutworry!Surprising,isn’tit?Sinceworryisoneofthebiggestproblemsfacingmankind,youwouldthink,wouldn’tyou,thateveryhighschoolandcollegewouldgiveacourseon“HowtoStopWorrying”?Yet,isthereevenonecourseonthatsubjectinanycollegeintheland?Ihaveneverheardofit.NowonderDavidSeaburysaidinhisbookHowtoWorrySuccessfully：“Wegrowupwithaslittlepreparationforthepressuresofexperienceasabookwormaskedtodoaballet(芭蕾舞).”Theresult?Morethanhalfofourhospitalbedsareoccupiedbypeoplewithnervousandemotionaltroubles.Ilookedoverthosetwenty--twobooksonworry,reposing(靠)ontheshelvesoftheNewYorkPublicLibrary.Inaddition,IpurchasedallthebooksonworryIcouldfind；yetIcouldn’tdiscoverevenonethatIcoulduseasatextbookinmycourseforadults.SoIdecidedtowriteonebymyself.1．Whatmadethewriterrealizeoneoftheadults’biggestproblems?A．Hiswidereading.B．Hispracticalsurvey.C．Hisscientificresearch.D．Hisstudents’realsituation.2．WhatdoDavidSeabury’swordsinParagraph3show?A．Worryisextremelycommon.B．Welackknowledgeofworry.C．Weshownointerestinworry.D．Worrycanhardlybecontrolled.3．Thewriterwrotethepassageto.A．showushowtoconquerworryB．warnusofthepossibledangerofworryC．persuadeustogetridofworryD．explainwhyhewantedtowriteabookonworry【答案】1．D2．B3．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了作者從他學(xué)生的現(xiàn)狀中意識(shí)到成年人最大的問題之一就是焦慮。作者去紐約最大的公共圖書館尋找他教學(xué)用的書，但沒有找到。于是，作者決定自己寫一本關(guān)于焦慮內(nèi)容的書。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段第二句“Alargemajorityofmystudentswerebusinessmen,executives,salesmen,engineers,accountants:acrosssectionofallthetradesandprofessionsandmostofthemhadproblems!Therewerewomenintheclassesbusinesswomenandhousewives.Theytoohadproblems.（我的學(xué)生大部分是商人、行政人員、推銷員、工程師和會(huì)計(jì)師:他們來自各行各業(yè)，他們中的大多數(shù)人都有問題!班里的女性有商界女性和家庭主婦。他們也有問題。）”可，作者是從他學(xué)生的現(xiàn)狀中意識(shí)到成年人最大的問題之一就是焦慮，故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Wegrowupwithaslittlepreparationforthepressuresofexperienceasabookwormaskedtodoaballet(芭蕾舞).（我們?cè)诔砷L過程中對(duì)壓力幾乎沒有準(zhǔn)備，就像一個(gè)書呆子被要求去跳芭蕾舞）”可推斷出，DavidSeabury的話表明，我們?nèi)狈﹃P(guān)于焦慮的知識(shí)。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ilookedoverthosetwentytwobooksonworry,reposing(靠)ontheshelvesoftheNewYorkPublicLibrary.Inaddition,IpurchasedallthebooksonworryIcouldfind；yetIcouldn’tdiscoverevenonethatIcoulduseasatextbookinmycourseforadults.（我把擱在紐約公共圖書館書架上的那22本關(guān)于憂慮的書看了一遍。此外，我買了所有我能找到的關(guān)于焦慮的書，但我沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)我可以作為我的成人課程的教科書。）”可知，作者在圖書館找不到現(xiàn)成的教材，決定自己寫一本，所以作者寫這篇文章是為了解釋他寫一本關(guān)于焦慮內(nèi)容的書的原因。故選D。8篇ThebiggestsoccerorganizationintheU.S.introducesnewrulestomakethesportsafer.TheU.S.SoccerFederationannouncedthatplayersinitsteamswhoare10oryoungerarenolongerallowedtoheadtheball.Playersagedfrom11to13havelimitsonhowoftentheycanpracticeheading.Thenewrulesaresettostopkidsfromgettinghurtbecauseofablowtotheheadthatshakesthebrain.Playersmaygetheadachesbyheadingtheball.Evenworse,theymayalsogetconcussions,whichwillcauselastingbraindamage.Headingtheballcanbeoneofthemostdangerouspartsofsoccer.Sometimestheforceofhittingtheballwiththeirheadsgivesplayersconcussions.Butmoreoften,playersreceiveconcussionswhentheyjumptoheadtheballandbyaccidentknockheadswithotherplayersorfallandhittheirheadsonthegrass.“Moreconcussionshappenduringtheactofheadingthananyotheractioninsoccer,”saysDr.RobertCantu,anexpertonbraindamage.Sofar,thenewrulesareonlyusedbyteamsthatarepartoftheU.S.SoccerFederation.Butthegroupsaysithopesmoresoccerteamswillsoonfollowitsexample.FormerU.S.soccerstarBrandiChastainisoneoftheleadersoftheactivitytobanheadingamongyoungsoccerplayers.Shewelcomestherulechangebutwantstheruletoincludeallplayersunder14.1．Thenewrulesaremadeto________．A．keepyoungplayersfrombeinghurtB．teachyoungplayershowtopracticeheadingC．maketheU.S.SoccerFederationmorefamousD．encourageyoungplayerstoimprovetheirskills2．WhatisBrandiChastain’sattitudetowardsthenewrules?A．Sheisagainstthem. B．Shesupportsthem.C．Sheisunsureaboutthem. D．Shedoesn’tcareaboutthem.3．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Newrulesinsoccer. B．Howtoprotectyoungplayers.C．Braindamagebecomesmorecommon. D．TheintroductionoftheU.S.