2022屆新高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)第一測英語試卷（全國版）02（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共12頁，全卷滿分150分，回答時間為120分鐘；2.答卷前，務(wù)必將答題卡上密封線內(nèi)的各項(xiàng)目填寫清楚；3.本試卷由選擇題和非選擇題兩大部分組成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂，非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書寫，涂寫要工整、清晰；4.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考員將試題卷、答題卡一并收回。第I卷（選擇題共100分）第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethechildrenprobablydoing?Makingorangejuice.B.Listeningtoloudmusic.C.Cookingameal.2.WhomightAlliebe?A.Thespeakers’pet.B.Theneighbor’sturkey.C.Thespeakers’child.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Tripplans. B.Ticketprices. C.Holidaycelebrations.4.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Winter.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atafastfoodrestaurant.B.Atabutchershop.C.Atacafé.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howoldwasthewomanwhenshewasallowedtodrivebyherparents?A.18. B.. C.23.7.Whatmonthwasthemanbornin?A.December. B.November. C.September.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthecampingarea?A.It’stotallyfree. B.It’salittlecold. C.It’sverycrowded.9.Howlongwasthemangonefor?A.Onenight. B.Twonights. C.Threenights.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatproblemdoesRogerhavewithexams?A.Heisn’tclever. B.Heisn’tconfident. C.Hedoesn’tworkhard.11.HowdoesthemandecidetohelpRoger?A.Byhelpinghimtostaycalm.B.Byfindinganexpertforhim.C.Bygivinghimsomeadviceabouthisfuture.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheiseasytobetired.B.Sheoftenfeelsnervous.C.Shefindsexerciseisagoodwaytorelax.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherjobhunt?A.Veryexcited. B.Alittleunsatisfied. C.Quiteangry.14.WhatdoweknowaboutTheCreator?A.Itgiveslessholidaytimethanotherpanies.B.Itgetsalotofgreatreviewsfromthecustomers.C.Itprovidesmedicalinsurance.15.Whatwastheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Classmates. C.Parentandchild.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Searchonlineforhersalary.B.Negotiatehersalaryoffer.C.Askaboutherbenefitspackage.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingaspeech. B.Doingaresearch. C.Havinganinterview.18.Whatwasthedestinationofthespeaker’smostrecenttrip?A.Indonesia. B.Italy. C.TheU.S.19.Whatwasthebestknowneruptionaccordingtothespeaker?A.Krakatoa. B.Santorini. C.Vesuvius.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thehistoryofatown. B.Travelexperiences. C.Hiswork.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ATeachingPositionsinInstituteforArtificialIntelligenceatBakingUniversityAnnouncedandsetupin2019,theInstituteforArtificialIntelligenceatPekingUniversity(abbreviatedasPKUIAI)servesasabackbonetoconnectallAIrelatedresearchandapplyingactivitiesinPekingUniversity.ThePKUIAIaimstomakebothabigleapintothefuture,andanaturalnextstepforaninstitutionthathasbeenattheforefrontofartificialintelligencefromthestart.ThePKUIAIalsoaimstoenableThePKUIAIisnowprovidingopenteachingpositions,includingthefieldsofthefollowing:·NaturalLanguageProcessing·MachineLearning·Robotics·IntelligentSoftwareSystems·IntelligentHealthcare·putationalSocialScienceRequirements1.Theapplicantsshouldhaveasolidbackgroundandproducedinfluentialresearchresultsordevelopmentexperiencesinthementionedfieldsofartificialintelligence.2.Theapplicantsareexpectedtobeundertheageof40,andobtainaPh.D．fromwellknownuniversitieswithinrecent5yearsandhaveoutstandingresearchanddevelopmentrecords.SalaryandWorkingConditionsTheuniversityandtheresearchgroupprovidepetitivesalaryandworkingconditionsforsuccessfulapplicants.ApplicationProcedures1.TheapplicantsshouldsendadetailedCV,researchstatement,teachingstatement,afutureplanofthenext35yearstoaipku@.Thetitleoftheemailshouldbeintheformof“TeachingApplicationtoPKUIAI”.2.ThefirstroundofinterviewwilltakeplaceatthesametimewiththeonlineYoungScientistsForum.Thisforumwillalsoserveasanexcitingchancefortheyoungresearcherstoexchangeacademicideasandlatestinformation.ImportantDates·ApplicationSubmissionDeadline:May2nd,20·ForumAcceptanceNotification:May14th,20·YoungScientistForumMay22nd，20·Nextroundofinterview:May30nd,20．Thepositionforthefieldof______isnotprovided.A．MachineLearning B．NaturalLanguageProcessingC．BrainInspiredandAlChips D．IntelligentHealthcare22．Whichofthefollowingrequirementsfortheapplicantsistrue?A．Thetitleoftheapplicationemailsshouldgoasrequested.B．Theapplicantsgraduatingfromanyuniversityareweled.C．Therequirementforthesalarymustbeincludedintheemail.D．Theapplicantsaresupposedtobeundertheageofthirtyfive.23．WhenwilltheapplicantsgofortheFirstroundofinterview?A．May14th,20 B．May2nd,20 C．May30st,20 D．May22nd,20BEveryyear,countlessindividualsareimpactedbycancer.Ourgoalistowalkawayfromcanceraswegivestrengthtothosefightingthislifethreateningdisease.WalkCancerAwayinviteseveryonetoparticipateinourannualfamilyfriendlywalkeventandjointogethertosharethestrongwillpowerfoundinsideeachofuswiththosearoundus.Witheachstepwetake,witheachstoryshared,andwitheachdonationmadeweareonestepclosertofindingacure.Todate,wehaveraisedover$700,000forDr.NancyKemeny'sColorectalResearchFundatMemorialSloanKetteringCancerCenter（MSKCC）,togetherwiththousandsofpeoplesupportingthiscauseoverthelast12yearswearemittedto.WalkCancerAwaybeganasawalkinhonorofJamesN.Rentas.Deeplyinfluencedbyhislossduetocolorectalcancer,theRentasfamilycametogether12yearsagotohelpotherswhoaresufferingthedisease.Dr.NancyKemenyatMemorialTogethertheyhavemadegreatadvancementsovertheyearsandhaveprovidedyearsoflifeforthosefacingadversity.Inmanycases,theircontinuedeffortshaveledtofullreliefofthecancerinpatients.Withthedeepestgratitudewearethankfultoallthosewhosupportandparticipateintheeventeachyear,becausewithoutyouthiswouldnotbepossible.AlthoughWalkCancerAwaystartedjust12yearsago,weareforeverhonoredtobeabletojoininthiseventthatsomanyofusfindsoclosetoourhearts.Weaskyou,yourfamily,andyourfriendstojoininthisyear'sWalkCancerAwayEvent.24．WhatdoesWalkCancerAwayintendtodo?A．Tocontactthosesufferingfromcancer. B．Tofindawaytodefeatcanceratlength.C．Togivestrengthtocancerpatients'family. D．Toshareexperiencesfromcancervictims.25．Accordingtoparagraph2,whatcanwelearnaboutJamesN.Rentas?A．Helosthisfamily. B．Hediedofcancer.C．Hedidresearchoncancer. D．HefoundedWalkCancerAway.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"adversity"refertoinparagraph3?A．Anunpleasanttreatment. B．Alossofafamilymember.C．Aseriousdiseasehardtocure. D．Anunfavorablesituationfromnature.27．Whydoestheauthormakethisspeech?A．Toraisemoneyforcancerresearch. B．Tointroducethehistoryofanevent.C．Tocallonpeopletojoinintheactivity. D．Toexpressthankstoalltheparticipants.CDisney’sliveactionremakeofMulantellsthestoryofayoungChinesewoman,HuaMulan(YifeiLiu),whodisguisesherselfasamanandtakesherfather’splaceinthearmy.Thenewmovieisamorerealistictakethantheprevious1998animatedfilmcausingittoreceivethefirstPG13ratinggiventoaDisneyliveactionreboot.Themoviewon’tbereleasedintheatersuntilMarch27,butcriticsgotafirstlookatthefilmMondaynightattheHollywoodpremiereandtooktosocialmediatoposttheirinitialreactions.Theresponsesfromjournalistsarerelativelypositivesofar.SlashFilm’sPeterScrettatweetedonMonday,“It’ssomajestic,theactionisthrilling,itaimsforalevelofsophistication(復(fù)雜)andbeautyyoudon’texpect.”“Mulanisexciting,vibrant,emotional,anddifferentfromtheanimatedversion,”Fandango’sErkDavistweeted.“It’sdefinitelyitsownthing,whichIdugamorematureDisneyfilm,featuringstunningproductiondesignandfightchoreography(戰(zhàn)斗編排).DirectorNikiCaroandstarLiuYifeiarethebigstandouts.”Mashable’sAlisonForemanwrote,“Disney’sMulanremakeleavesalotbehind,butoffersmuchmoreinitsabsence.Plentyof1998throwbackspepperastoryfullofincredibleaction,humor,andheart.”Notallthereviewswerepositive.ScreenRant’sMansoorMithaiwalatweeted,“There’sagreatfilmyearningtobreakoutinMulan,butit’ssurprisinglystuckbyadaptingtheanimation.Ithasitsmoments,butthepoorvillainsandinconsistentactionqualityresultsinanordinarymovie.”28．WhatcanweknowaboutthenewmovieMulanaccordingtothetext?A．Ittellsthestoryofawomansoldierwhofoughtheroicallyinthewar.B．ItwillbeonshowintheatersbeforeMarch.C．ItisthesecondtimethatHuaMulan’sstoryhavebeenmadeintoamovie.D．Thementsonthemoviearedefinitelypositive.29．Whoseviewsaredifferentfromtheotherstowardsthenewfilm?A．PeterSciretta B．MansoorMithaiwalaC．ErkDavis D．AlisonForeman30．Whatmightbetheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewmovie?A．Critical. B．Negative.C．Indifferent. D．Positive.31．What’stheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．TocriticizethenewmovieMulan.B．ToshowsomereviewsaboutthenewmovieMulan.C．Toattractmorepeopletowatchthemovie.D．TodefendforthenewmovieMulan.DSheepfarmerscanprofitbyplantingtreesandsellingcarboncredits,accordingtoanewstudy.ThereportbytheUniversityofSheffield,publishedinthejournalEnvironmentalResearch,suggeststhatfarmerswithmorethan60acresoflandcouldturnaprofitiftheirlandwerereturnedtoforestandtheyreceived￡3pertonofCOThestudywasreleasedastheUKfarmingsectorpreparestomoveawayfromtheBasicPaymentSystemtothenewEnvironmentalLandManagementScheme(ELMS),whichfocusesonproducing‘publicgoods’,suchasrecoveringecosystems,flooddefensesandcarbonstorage.Carboncreditsarecurrentlybeingsoldfor￡15perton,apricethatcouldmakeanyforestsizeprofitable,accordingtothestudy.TheresearchalsosuggeststhatiftheUKincreaseditstreecoverfrom8%to12%,theamountofcarbonemissionscapturedbyforestswouldincreaseby10%.“SheepfarmingintheUKisnotprofitablewithoutsubsidies(補(bǔ)貼),butforestsdullsellcarboncreditscanbeeconomicallyworkable—soitmakessensefortheGovernmenttohelpfarmerstransition(過渡),”believesColinOsborne,theleadauthorofthestudy,“Intheend,theseedowntopoliticalquestionsofhowwewantourcountrysidetobeused,howwevaluelivestockproductionovertheglobalcostsofclimatebreakdownandhowtheGovernmentsupportsfarmersandruralmunities.”However,criticssaythatthestudyisfartoosimplistic,withtheNationalSheepAssociation(NSA)sayinglandmanagementshouldn’tonlyfocusoncarbonemissions,buthastobemultifunctional.SpeakingtoFarmersGuardian,NSACEOPhilStockersaysit’s“reallyeasyforscientiststojustifytheplantingofforeststhroughacarboncalculation(計算),becauseitiseasytomeasurehowmuchcarbonisinatreeandthenapplyanoffsetvalue”.Mr.Stockernotesthatgrasslandcaneffectivelycapturecarbonandadds,“Iappreciatetreesasmuchasanyone,buttointroducepoliciestodestroygrasslandsbycreatingforestsisshortsightedatbest.”32．Whatisthenewstudyabout?A．Forestsgivingwaytosheepfarming.B．UKsheepfarmerspreferringtoplanttrees.C．Sheepfarmerscontributinggreatlytoenvironmentalprotection.D．UKsheepfarmersgettingpaidforreplacingtheirgrasslandwithforest.33．WhatistheaimofthenewELMS?A．Tohelpsheepfarmersgetricherandricher.B．Tosupportthosesufferingfromnaturaldisasters.C．Tousethelandinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.D．Toencouragepeopletoplantmoretreesontheirland.34．WhatdoColinOsborne’swordsfocuson?A．TheroleoftheGovernment. B．Thefutureofsheepfarming.C．Thecostsofclimatebreakdown. D．Theproblemsofruralmunities.35．WhichofthefollowingwouldPhilStockeragreewith?A．Itismeaningfultomeasurecarbonemissions.B．Itisunwisetoreplacegrasslandwithwoodland.C．Subsidizingfarmershelpsimprovesoilquality.D．Grasslandplaysamorevitalrolethanwoodland.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatyoudoeachmorningaffectsyourentireday.Thechoicesthatwerepeatedlymakedeterminethelifewelive.36．Manageyourenergy,notyourtime.Ifyouthinkaboutit,you’llprobablyrealizethatyouarebetteratdoingcertaintasksatcertaintimes.Forexample,mycreativeenergyisthehighestinthemorning,sothat'swhenIdomywritingeachday.However,Ispendmyafternoonsonphonecallsandemails,whichdon'tneedmycreativeenergytobehigh.37．Whattaskisthatenergybestsuitedfor?Preparethenightbefore.Itisreallynecessarytospendafewminuteseachnightorganizingyourtodolistfortomorrow.WhenIdoit,I'lloutlinethearticleI'mgoingtowritenextdayanddevelopashortlistofthemostimportantitemsformetodo.38．39．Soundssimple,yetnobodydoesit.Ittookmeawhiletogetovertheurgetoopenmyinbox,butfinallyIrealizedthateverythingcanwaitafewhours.Nobodyisgoingtoemailyouaboutatrueemergency(adeathinthefamily,etc.),soleaveyouremailaloneforthefirstfewhoursofeachday.Turnyourphoneoff.Thisreducestheurgetochecktextmessages.Thissimplemethodreducesthepossibilitythatyouwastetimeonmeaninglesstasks.You’vegot25,000mornings.40．A．Don’topenemailuntilnoon.B．Whatwillyoudowitheachone?C．Leaveyourphoneinanotherroom.D．Whattypeofenergydoyouhaveinthemorning?E.Tryyourbesttofinishyourworkinthemorning.F.Ittakes10minutesatnightandsaves3hoursnextday.G.HerearethemethodsthatI'vefoundtogetthemostoutofmymorning.第三部分：語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出適合填入對應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OnceIwasjustwalkinginthemarketplacewithmyfamily.Wesawabeggar(乞丐)familywith3littlekidsandtheir41onthepavement(人行道).JustbylookingatthemI42agoodmealwasexpensiveforthem.Theywereinwornclothesandtheir43showedsignsofallhopegone.Itwasreallya44sight.Itwasaboutthenthata45wasbuyingsomeitemsataroadsidestall.Shewas46forsomechangeinherpurse,andintheprocessshe47afewcoinsonthepavement.Thesecoinswent48everywhereandthebeggarkids49themupquickly.Theladydidnotmindandhadalreadystartedonherway.Thekidsmeanwhile50thetreasuretotheirmother.Themothergavealittleslap(耳光)tooneofthekidsandsaidsomethinginalowvoicetohimthatwecouldn’t51.Thekidsseemeddiscouraged.Theytook52ofthecoins,ranaftertheladyand53themtoher.Thentheycamebacktotheir54motherandoneofthemstartedcryinginherlap.Theladywiththepursewas55unabletobelievewhathadreallyhappened.56,shekeptthecoinsbackinher57andwentonherway.Iwasprettymuch58bythewholeincidentbythen.Itwashalfanhourlater59IwasreturningonthesamepaththatIsawtheverysamebeggarfamilyhappilyfeastingonahot60.Theladywiththepursehaddoneherpart.41．A．father B．mother C．brother D．friend42．A．realized B．explained C．wondered D．involved43．A．hands B．faces C．feet D．ears44．A．thankful B．hopeful C．pitiful D．careful45．A．gentleman B．clerk C．saleswoman D．lady46．A．paying B．a(chǎn)pplying C．searching D．a(chǎn)sking47．A．dropped B．took C．put D．saw48．A．rising B．rolling C．shopping D．swimming49．A．cleaned B．raised C．sent D．picked50．A．broughtback B．madeup C．ledto D．setup51．A．notice B．hear C．tease D．focus52．A．some B．a(chǎn)ll C．both D．none53．A．returned B．threw C．offered D．declared54．A．lucky B．cruel C．thankful D．good55．A．still B．a(chǎn)lready C．possibly D．doubtfully56．A．Besides B．Additionally C．However D．Firstly57．A．purse B．pocket C．car D．a(chǎn)rm58．A．interested B．excited C．shocked D．disappointed59．A．that B．where C．why D．when60．A．dog B．meal C．pig D．egg第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膫€單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThistraditionalChinesefooddatesbackalmost2000years.DuringtheLunarNewYear,dumplingsare61．essentialdishtoenjoyduringthecelebrations.TheclassicfoldofChinesedumplings62．（shape）likeasilveringot（錠，鑄塊）acurrencyinancientChina.Thebeliefisthatthe63．（many）dumplingsyoumakeandeat,themoremoneyandwealthyouwillmakefortheNewYear.Dumplingsrepresentthechangingorexchangeofnewtime.By64．（consume）thedumplings,youarewelingthenewyearandnewfortunes.65．（typical）,familieswillgather66．LunarNewYear'sEvetomakedumplingstogether.Wheatflourwrapsarefilledwithregionalingredientssuchaspork,shrimp,chicken,or67．（vegetable）.Sometimesdumplingsarefolded68．（look）likesmallpurse,69．i