職稱英語(yǔ)綜合類B級(jí)模擬41

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面

所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

1>BeforetheCivilWar,FrederickDouglass1editorialsfortheNorthStarurged

respectfortherightsofallpeople.

A.advocatedB.createdC.foresawD.granted

2、NumerousparallelsexistbetweenErnestHemingway*slifeandthelivesofhis

characters.

A.studiesB.problemsC.similaritiesD.biases

3、Therearefossilremainsofdinosaursintherockystrataofeverycontinent.

A.layersB.areasC.peaksD.canyons

4、AlthoughaherdofAfricanelephantsmayhaveuptoonethousandmembers,Asiatic

elephantsliveinbandsoffivetosixtyanimals.

A.asmanyasB.morethanC.fewerthanD.atleast

5、Jumpingspidershaveexcellenteyesightandcanseetheirpreyfromadistance

twentytimestheirownlength.

A.victimB.targetC.nestD.prize

6、Thedepartmentchairmanrefusedtoauthorizetherequisition.

A.requestB.transferC.grantD.project

7、Machinetoolsvaryinsizefromhandhe1ddevicesusedfordrillingandgrinding

tolargestationarymachinesthatperformanumberofdifferentoperations.

A.existB.expandC.compareD.range

8、Yourplanwillcallforalotofmoney.

A.acquireB.requireC.remindD.degrade

9、Evenwithdetailedknowledgeaboutanarea,geologistscannoteasilylocate

storesofundergroundnaturalgas.

A.varietiesB.mapsC.suppliesD.shops

10>Pearlfishing,orthesearchforpearl-bearingoystersztakesplaceinshallow

waters.

A.istaughtB.occursC.isprohibitedD.starts

11>Someabnormalhumanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupset

delicatechemicalbalancesinthebrain.

A.nourishB.favorC.preventD.disturb

12、TheboatsoftheearliestvoyagerstotheNorthAmericancontinentwere

exceptionallywellbuilt.

A.shoesB.plowsC.barnsD.ships

13>Goodhealthisafamily*smostvaluedpossession.

A.noticeableB.usefulC.costlyD.precious

14、Penicillinwasdiscoveredbychancein1928.

A.finallyB.accidentally

C.experimentallyD.opportunely

15>Theconcertwascalledoffduetothestorm.

A.recommendedB.demanded

C.amendedD.cancelled

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷

TheOriginoftheAirMail

AtBlackpoolHoltThomasandGraham-Whiteagreedtomakeapractical

experimentincarryingmailsbyaeroplane.Theidea,asitwasfirstworked

out,wasfortheaeroplanetoflyfromBlackpoolairportacrosstoSouthport

airportzandforthemailstobetakenoverbythePostOfficethere.But

theprogrammehadtobechangedowingtoaseriesofhighwinds.Whathappened

intheendwasthatGraham-Whitetookamail-baginhisplane,andmadea

flightwithitacrosscountryforadistanceofaboutsevenmiles,returning

totheairport.ThisexperimentgaveGraham-Whitethehonourofbeingthe

firstairmaninEnglandtocarryabagofmailacrosscountryinanaeroplane.

Lettersandpostcardswhichwerecarriedinthistestzandwhichhadaspecial

stamprecordingthefactzsoonbecamemuchsoughtafterbycollectors.

ThesecondandmoreimportantexperimentinBritishairmailtransport

tookplaceinSeptember1911zandwasthefirstofitskindinthiscountry

toobtaintheofficialpermissionofthePostmaster-general.Itwasindeed

oneofthehistoricaleventsinourairmaildevelopment.Inthiscaseasmany

as130z000letterandpostcardswerecarriedbyaeroplanebetweenLondonand

Windsor.Oneoftheairmenengagedinthispioneerservicewasthefamous

GustavHamel,flyingamonoplane.Iremembergoingoutoneafternoontosee

himstartoffwithoneofthebagsofmail.Itwasanextremelybaddayfor

flyingzandjustbeforethetimedueforthestart,thewindwasblowingat

nearly50milesanhour.Noneoftheotherpilotswouldhavethoughtofgoing

up,butHamel--oneofthefinestofallpilotsoftheBritishmonop1ane--was

nottobestopped.Hejumpedintohismachineandfairlyshotofftheground.

Themonoplanezsolongasitwasneartheearth,wasthrownaboutlikeasmall

boatonanangrysea.ButHamelgaveasplendidexhibitionofairmanship；as

soonashereachedagreatheight；conditionsbecamemuchsteadierzandher

finishedhisjourneywithoutaccident.

Thiswasanearlydemonstrationthatanairplanewasmorethanafineweather

machine,andthatitcouldfightitswaysuccessfullythroughviolentwinds.

Thisfactimpressedthepostalauthoritiesagooddealzandhelpedthosewho

believedthattheairplanehadagreatcommercialfuture.

16、HoltThomasandGraham-Whitewerethefirstairmentocarrytheairmail

inEngland.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

17>Graham-Whitecarriedintheaeroplanelettersandpostcardsthatlater

becamespecialcollections.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

18、ItwasaftermuchdiscussionthatthePostmaster-generalapprovedthesecond

airmailtransport.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

19、ThewriterdescribedHamelasthebestpilotbutcriticizedhisassistant

forhiscarelessnessintheflight.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

20、ItwasanunfavorableweatherforflyinganaeroplanebutHameldisplayed

excellentairmanshipandsucceededinthesecondairmailflight.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

21、Thewritermustbeabout80yearsold.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

22、Thepostalauthoritieshelpedindevelopingthecommercialuseofaeroplanes.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為

第2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；⑵第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正

確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

DVDforRent

1.Apay-for-playsystemforvideoDVD(digitalversatiledisc)willemergeby

summerasanalternative,andpossiblyacompetitor,totheDVDformatcurrently

available.

2.ThenewsystemcalledDigitalVideoExpress(Divx),operateslikeaDVD

player,exceptforthespeciallycodeddiscs.Thesewillcost$5forinitialviewingovera

48-hourperiodandcanbeviewedagainforadditionalfeesandevenpurchasedfor

unlimitedviewing.

3.Divxcombinestheserviceofavideorentalstorewiththeoperationofa

pay-per-viewTVchannel.Unlikearentedvideotape,though,theDivxdiscneedn'tbe

returned.The48-hourviewingperioddoesn'tbeginuntilthediscisfirstplayed.

Customerscanretainthediscforreplayinthefutureatanadditionalfee,orsimply

discardit.(Divxplansacollectionandrecyclingprogramme.)

4.Subsequentplays,orthepurchaseofunlimited-viewingrights,arebilledtothe

customer'sDivxaccountandchargedtoacreditcard.Theplayer'sbuilt-inmemory

keepstrackofallDivxplays,andrelaysthisinformationbytoII-Deephonemodernto

theDivxrecord-keepingcentre.EachDivxdiscandplayerhasauniqueidentification

code,sothesystemknowswhichdiscshavebeenplayedandwhere-somethingthat

mayraiseconcernsoverprivacy.

5.SomeDivxdiscscouldbeconvertedforunlimitedplayatapricelikelytobe

lowerthanbuyingaconventionalDVD.Others,calledDivxGold,wouldbesoldfrom

thebeginningforunlimitedplaywithoutfurthercharge.AlthoughconventionalDVDs

willruninaDivxplayers,conventionalDVDplayerwilllackthedecodingand

communicationsabilitytoplayDivxdiscs.Divxplayerswillbeofferedby

Panasonic,RCAandZenith.

6.About100discswillbeavailableinitiallyfrom

Disney,Dreamworks,Paramount,andUniversal,growingto500titleswithinayear.

Mostofthesewillbereleasedinthe4.3pan-andscanmoderatherthaninthe16.9

letterboxformat.OtherfilmmakershaveyettoadopttheDivxsystem.Whichisowned

byretailerCircuitCity,the350-storeelectronicschainthatbankrolleditsdevelopment.

A.BoomingbusinessofCircuitCity

B.SuperiorqualityofconventionalDVDdiscs

C.AnintroductionofthenewsystemDivx

D.UnlimitedorpermanentplayofDivxdiscs

EDisk-playtrackingandbillingsystems

FExpansionofthetitlesofDivxdiscs

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph4

25>Paragraph5

26>Paragraph6

A.isnottakenbackbyheshop

B.hsbeenspeciallycoded

C.isbankrolledbyPanasonic,etc.

D.islowerinpricethantheusualDVDdisc

Ehasbeenplayedandwhere

FisownedbyretailerCircuitCity

27、TheDivxdiscisdifferentfromtherentedvideotapeinthatonceoffered,

Divxdisc

28>EveryDivxdischasaspecialcodesothattherentalshopcanidentify

whichdisc

29、Ifpurchasedforunlimiteduse,theDivxdisc

30、TheconventionalDVDplayercannotplayanyDivxdiscbecauseit

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根

據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

弟___、蟲扁

SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgo

IfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthur

FrommerorEugeneFodor,itwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwriting

hasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecorded

timeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneys

tostrangeandexoticlocales.

Oneoftheearliesttravelwriters,aGreekgeographerandhistoriannamed

Strabo,livedaroundthetimeofChrist.ThoughStraboisknowntohavetraveled

fromeastoftheBlackSeawesttoItalyandasfarsouthasEthiopia,healso

useddetailsgleanedfromotherwriterstoextendandenlivenhisaccounts.

HismultivolumedworkGeographyprovidestheonlysurvivingaccountofthe

citieszpeopleszcustoms,andgeographicalpeculiaritiesofthewholeknown

worldofhistime.

Twootherclassictravelwriters,theItalianMarcoPoloandtheMoroccan

IbnBattutah,livedinroughlythesametimeperiod.MarcoPolotraveledto

ChinawithhisfatheranduncleinaboutA.D.1275andremainedthere16

or17yearszvisitingseveralothercountriesduringhistravels.WhenMarco

returnedtoItalyhedictatedhismemoirs,includingstorieshehadheard

fromothers,toascribe,withtheresultingbook[[millionebeinganinstant

success.ThoughdifficulttoattesttotheaccuracyofallhesayszMarco*s

bookimpelledEuropeanstobegintheirgreatvoyagesofexploration.

IbnBattutah1sinterestintravelbeganonhisrequiredMuslimjourney

toMeccain1325zandduringhislifetimehejourneyedthroughallthecountries

whereIslamheldsway.HistravelbooktheRihlahisapersonalizedaccount

ofdesertjourneys,courtintrigues,andeventheeffectoftheBlackDeath

inthevariouslandshevisited.Inalmost30yearsoftravelingitisestimated

thatIbnBattutahcoveredmorethan75z000miles.

31NThispassageismostlyabout

A.howtowriteatravelbook

B.theliterarystyleofthreeearlytravelwriters

C.whypeoplefindtravelwritingexciting

D.wherethreeearlytravelwriterswentandwroteabout

32>IbnBattutahtraveled

A.toEthiopia

B.throughouttheMuslimworld

C.toChina

D.for16or17years

33>Thebooksofthethreewriterswerepopularbecause

A.theyexplainedthebestroutestogettoplaces

B.theylistedgoodplacestostay

C.alloftheirstorieswerefirsthandaccounts

D.theytoldofstrangeandexoticlocales

34、Theoverallorganizationofthispassageisthrough

A.travelwriters*personalnarratives

B.persuasivedetails

C.spatialdescription

D.chronologicalorder

35、Inthispassageattestmeansto

A.drawamapof

B.giveproofof

C.giveanexaminationto

D.tellliesto

弟一局

SpoiltforChoice

Choice,wearegiventolbelieve,isaright.Indailylife,peoplehave

cometoexpectendlesssituationsaboutwhichtheyarerequiredtomakedecisions

onewayoranother.Inthemain,thesearejustirksomemomentsatworkwhich

demandsomeextraenergyorbrainpower,orduringlunchbreakslikechoosing

whichtypeofcoffeetoorderorindeedwhichcoffeeshoptogoto.Butsometimes

selectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveseriousorlifelong

repercussions.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,postponed,

orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionalszlifestylecoaches,lawyers,

advisors,andthelike.waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenforafee.

Butforagoodmanypeopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choice

isaluxury,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheir

righttomakechoiceszthewholesystemismerelyanillusion,createdby

companiesandadvertiserswantingtoselltheirwares.

Themainimpactofendlesschoiceinpeople1slivesisanxiety.Buying

somethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoa

widerangeofconsumergoodsinducesasenseofpowerlessness,evenparalysisz

inmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway,orjust

buyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywantedinordertosolvethe

problemandreducetheunease.RecentsurveysintheUnitedKingdomhaveshown

thatasizeableproportionofelectricalgoodsboughtperhouseholdarenot

reallyneeded.Theadvertisersandtheshareholdersofthemanufacturersare,

nonetheless,satisfied.

Itisnotjusttheiravailabilitythatistheproblem,hutthespeedwith

whichnewversionsofproductscomeonthemarket.Advancesindesignand

productionmeanthatnewitemsarealmostreadybythetimethatgoodshit

theshelves.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepublic

canbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Theclassicexampie

iscomputerswhicharealmostobsoleteoncetheyarebought.Atfirst,there

wereonlyoneortwoavailablefromalimitednumberofmanufacturers,hut

nowtherearemanycompaniesallwithnotonlytheirownproductsbutdifferent

versionsofthesamemachine.Thismakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethe

dayswhenonecouldjustwalkwithease.intoashopandbuyonething；no

choice,noanxiety.

Theplethoraofchoiceisnotlimitedtoconsumeritems.Withthegreater

mobilityofpeoplearoundtheworld,peoplehavemorechoiceaboutwherethey

wanttoliveandwork--afairlyrecentphenomenon.Inthepast,nationsmigrated

acrosshugeswathesoftheearthinsearchoffood,adventure,andmorehospitable

environments.Wholenationscrossedcontinentsandchangedthefaceofhistory,

sothemobilityofpeopleisnothingnew.Thecreationofnationstatesand

borderseffectivelyslowedthisprocessdown.Butwhatisdifferentnowis

thespeedatwhichmigrationishappening.

36、Whatisthedifferencebetweenthedecisiontoshopinacertainsupermarket

andthedecisiontodropoutofcollegeaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.Theformerisarightwhilethelatterisnot.

B.Thelatterhasmoreimpactonlife.

C.Theformermayhappenformanytimesinlife.

D.Thelatterrequiresafee.

37^Whenpeoplecannoteasilydecidewhattobuy,whatistheleastpossible

choice?

A.Giveup.B.Walkaway.

C.Buyanunsuitableitem.D.Seekadvice.

38、Whydoproductshaveshortlifespannowadays?

A.Theyaremoreoftenreplacedwithbetterones.

B.Theyhaveworsequality.

C.Theyhavetoomanyversions.

D.Computertechnologyadvancestoofast.

39、Howdoesmigrationdifferfromthepast?

A.Peoplenowmigrateacrossthewholeearth.

B.Peoplenowmigrateforbetterlife.

C.Peoplenowhavemorechoiceaboutwheretomigrate.

D.Peoplenowmigrateforbetterenvironment.

40、Whichisthebestsummaryofthewriter1sattitudetowardschoiceina

commercialsociety?

A.Morechoice,moreanxiety.

B.Bettermorechoicethannochoice.

C.Betternochoicethanmorechoice.

D.Allchoiceisnoteasy.

---

HowFordTurnOutCars

Whenitcomestosinglingoutthosewhohavemadeadifferenceinallour

lives,youcannotoverlookHenryFord.Ahistorianacenturyfromnowmight

wellconcludethatitwasFordwhomostinfluencedallmanufacturing,everywhere,

eventothisday,byintroducinganewwaytomakecars--one,strangetosay,

thatoriginatedinslaughterhouses.

Backintheearly19001s,s1aughterhousesusedwhatcouldhavebeencalled

a"disassemblyline."Fordreversedthisprocesstoseeifitwouldspeed

upproductionofapartofanautomobileenginecalledamagneto.Ratherthan

haveeachworkercompletelyassembleamagneto,oneofitselementswasplaced

onaconveyer,andeachworker,asitpassed,addedanothercomponenttoitz

thesameoneeachtime.ProfessorDavidoftheUniversityofDelaware,an

expertonindustrialdevelopmentztellswhathappened：

"Thepreviousdayzworkerscarryingouttheentireprocesshadaveraged

oneassemblyevery20minutes.Butonthatday,ontheline,theassemblyteam

averagedoneevery13minutesand10secondsperperson.H

Withinayear,thetimehadbeenreducedtofiveminutes.In1913,Fordwent

alltheway.Hookedtogetherbyropes,partiallyassembledvehiclesweretowed

pastworkerswhocompletedthemonpieceatatime.Itwasn*tlongbefore

Fordwasturningoutseveralhundredthousandcarsayear,aremarkable

achievementthen.Andsoefficientandeconomicalwasthisnewsystemthat

hecupthepriceofhiscarsinhalf,to$260,puttingthemwithinreachof

allthosewho,upuntilthattime,couldnotaffordthem.Soon,automakers

theworldovercopiedhim.Infact,heencouragedthemtodosobywriting

abookaboutallofhisinnovationszentitledTodayandTomorrow.TheAge

oftheAutomobilehasarrived.Today,aidedbyrobotsandotherformsof

automation,everythingfromtoasterstoperfumesaremadeonassemblylines.

41、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.HenryFordinfluencedourlives.

B.HenryFordinfluencedallmanufacturing.

C.HenryFordinfluencedthemanufactureofcars.

D.HenryFordinfluencedhistorians.

42、ThewritermentionedHslaughterhousesnbecausetheseweretheplacesin

which_______

A.Ford*sassemblylineoriginated

B.hemadeears

C.heinnovatedtheassemblyline

D.heinnovatedthedisassemblyline

43、Amagnetoisatechnicaltermfor

A.anautomobile

B.anengine

C.apartofanautomobileengine

D.anautomobileengine

44、Thephrasenturningout"inthelastparagraphcanbestbereplacedby

A.producing

B.appeasing

C.assembling

D.fixing

45、Itdidn*ttakelongforHenryFord

A.toturnoutafewhundredcarsayear

B.toturnoutafewthousandcarsayear

C.toreducethepriceofhiscarsto$260

D.tocuttheproductionofhiscarsby50%

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇

5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

VirtualDriver

Drivinginvolvessharpeyesandkeenears,analyzingwithabrain,and

coordinationbetweenhands,feetandbrain.Amanhassharpeyesandkeen

ears,analyzesthroughhisbrain,andmaintainscoordinationbetweenhishands

andbrains.Hecancontrolafast-movingcatwithdifferentpartsofhis

body.46Apparentlythereisn*tanyoneinthedriver*scab,butthereis

infactavirtualdriver.Thisvirtualdriverhaseyeszbrainszhandsandfeet

too.Theminicamerasoneachsideofthecarareitseyesandareresponsible

forobservingtheroadconditionsaheadofitaswellasthetraffictoits

leftandfight.Ifyouopentheboot,youcanseethemostimportantpartof

theautomaticdrivingsystem：abuilt-incomputer.47Thebrainofthecar

isresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsobjectssurroundingthecarare

movingatanalyzingtheirpositionontheroad,choosingthefightpath,and

givingorderstothewheelandthecontrolsystem.

Incomparisonwiththehumanbrain,thevirtualdriver*sbestadvantage

isthatitreactsquickly.48However,ittakestheworld1sbestracecar

driveratleastonesecondtoreact,andthisdoesn1tincludethetimehe

needstotakeaction.

Withitsrapidreactionandaccuratecontrol,thevirtualdrivercanreduce

theaccident