DINEN17460:2022-10

EN17460:2022(E)

#

DINEN17460:2022-10

EN17460:2022(E)

#

Contents Page

TOC\o"1-5"\h\z

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Europeanforeword 6

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Introduction 7

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Scope 8

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Normativereferences 8

Termsanddefinitions 9

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Competencesofadhesivebondingpersonnel 14

General 14

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Competencesofcoordinators 15

Competencesoftheadhesivebondingoperators 17

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Designandverificationofadhesivelybondedjointsonrailvehicles 17

General 17

Designprocess 17

Flowchart 17

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Listofrequirements 18

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Preliminarydesignandgeneraldesignparameters 19

Design 19

General 19

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Riskanalysisandsafetyclassification 19

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Adhesivebondingjointlist 20

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Qualificationofanadhesive 20

Validationofthedesign 24

General 24

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Identifyingoftheinfluences/loads 24

Calculation 25

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Provendesign 28

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Componenttest 28

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Combinationofcalculation/componenttest/provendesign 28

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Proofofconformity 28

Workmanship 31

Generalprocessrequirements

Transportandstorageofadhesives,auxiliarymaterialsandadherends

Manufacturingenvironment

Preparationofworkstationsandacclimatizationofmaterials

Occupationalhealthandsafety,environmentalprotection

Checkingforfittingaccuracyconcerningshape,positionanddimension

Checkspriortostartofproduction

Treatmentoftheadherendsurfaces

Dosing,mixingandapplication

Joiningtheadherends

Fixing

Solidification

Packagingandtransportofadhesivelybondedcomponents

Workinstructions

Production-accompanyingwork-samplesasaproofpossibilityofapplicationquality...

TOC\o"1-5"\h\z

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Rework 38

Qualityassurance 38

General 38

Qualityplanning 38

Qualityinspection 39

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Correctiveaction 40

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Imperfectionsinadhesivebonds 40

Maintenanceandrepair 40

General 40

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Documentation 41

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Executionrules 41

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Maintenanceandrepairinstructions 41

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Subcontracting 41

AnnexA(informative)Adhesivebondingpersonnel 42

A.l Personnel 42

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

A.l.l Competenciesofadhesivebondingoperators 42

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

A.1.2 (Responsible)AdhesiveBondingCoordinator(rABC/ABC) 42

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

A.2Organizationalintegrationofadhesivebondingcoordination-furtherdetailsinadditionto4.2 45

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

A.3 Monitoringandtestingpersonnel 45

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

AnnexB(informative)Explanationofcomprehensive,specificandbasiccompetencies,knowledgeapplication,practicalapplication,andexperiences 46

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Competence-subject 46

Generaldefinitionsofcompetencies,knowledgeapplication,practicalapplication,

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

andexperiencesdefinedinTable1ofthisdocument 47

Comprehensive 47

Specific 47

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Basic 48

Detaileddefinitionsofcompetencies,knowledgeapplication,practicalapplication,

andexperienceswithrespecttothesubjectcontentsdefinedinTableB.lofthisannex 48

Comprehensive:detaileddefinitions 48

Specific:detaileddefinitions 55

Basic:detaileddefinitions 61

AnnexC(informative)Listofrequirements 65

AnnexD(normative)Determiningthestresslimit 67

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.l General 67

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.2 Characteristicvaluesandthepermissiblestresslimit 67

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3 Testinglow-modulus(flexible)adhesives 69

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.1 General 69

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.2Determiningthemodulusofelasticity,thePoisson,sratioandthestress/straincharacteristicusingadhesivetestpieces 69

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.3Testingthequasi-staticadhesivebondstrengthforadhesivebondsformedwithlow-modulusadhesives 69

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.4Testingthecompressionofadhesivebondsusinglow-modulusadhesives 70

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.5Testingtheelongationatbreakafterrelaxationofadhesivebondsusingflexibleadhesive 71

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.6 Testingthecreepbehaviourofadhesivebondsusinglow-modulusadhesives 71

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.7 Testingthefatiguestrengthofadhesivebondsusinglow-modulusadhesives 72

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.3.8 MeasurementofpHvalueofcuredadhesivesexposuretomoisture 72

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.4 Testinghigh-modulus(verystiff)adhesives 72

D.4.1 Determiningthemodulusofelasticity,thePoisson,sratioandthestress/strain

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

characteristicusingadhesivetestpieces 72

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.4.2 Testinglapshearstrength 72

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.4.3 Testingthecreepbehaviourofadhesivebondsusing high-modulusadhesives 73

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.4.4 Testingthefatiguestrengthofadhesivebondsusinghigh-modulusadhesives 73

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

D.4.5 Othertests:measurementofpHvalueofcuredadhesivesexposuretomoisture 73

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

AnnexE(informative)Criteriaforchoosinganadhesivebondingsystem 74

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

AnnexF(informative)Descriptionofnon-destructiveand destructivetestingmethods 78

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.l General 78

F.2 Non-destructivetesting 78

F.2.1 Preliminaryremark 78

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.2 Visualinspection 78

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.3 Ultrasonictesting 78

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.4 Thermography 78

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.5 Shearography 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.6 Taptest 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.7 Waterdroptest 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.8 Inktest 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.9 Testforadhesionatedgesorflanks 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.10 Suctioncuptest 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.2.11 Testusingafeelergauge 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.3 Destructivetesting 79

F.3.1 Preliminaryremark 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.3.2 Fracturepatterns 79

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.3.3 Lapsheartest(EN1465) 80

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.3.4 Floatingrollerpeeltest(ISO4578[55]) 80

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

F.3.5 Beadpeeltest(ISO21194)[54] 80

DINEN17460:2022-10

EN17460:2022(E)

#

DINEN17460:2022-10

EN17460:2022(E)

#

AnnexG(informative)Descriptionofacceleratedageingtests 81

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.l General 81

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.2 Ageingfactorsanditseffects 81

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.3 Selectionofacceleratedageingtest 82

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4 Examplesofacceleratedageingtests 82

G.4.1 General 82

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.2 Constantclimaticconditions 82

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.3 Alternatingclimatetest 82

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.4 Saltspraytest 83

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.5 Cataplasmatest 83

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.6 ExposuretolightrespectivelyUVradiation 83

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.7 Exposuretocontaminantsandmedia 83

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.8 Appropriatecombinedtest 83

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

G.4.9 Weathering 84

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

AnnexH(informative)Examplesofnon-decorativeanddecorativeimperfectionsofadhesivebonds 85

H.l General 85

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

H.2 Examplesofnon-decorativeimperfections 85

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

H.3 Criteriaanddifferentdecorativeareas 86

AnnexI(informative)Adhesivebondingsymbols 87

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Ll Assembliesinformationondrawings 87

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

AnnexJ(informative)Clarificationoffurthervocabularyassociatedwithadhesivebondingtechnology 88

J.l General 88

J.2 Vocabulary 88

\o"CurrentDocument"\h

Bibliography 97

Europeanforeword

Thisdocument(EN17460:2022)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC256“Railwayapplications，thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN.

ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJanuary2023,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyJanuary2027.

Attentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisdocumentmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.CENshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.

Anyfeedbackandquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusers'nationalstandardsbody.AcompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundontheCENwebsite.

AccordingtotheCEN-CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganisationsofthefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,RepublicofNorthMacedonia,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,TurkeyandtheUnitedKingdom.

Introduction

Historically,theproductionofrailwayvehiclesandtheircomponents,forthemainpart,comprisessuchmaterialsassteelsandaluminiumalloys.Theirmethodsofconstructionandassemblyincludesuchprocessesasbolting,riveting,andwelding.

RailwayvehicleswithinthemeaningofthisdocumentaredefinedinEN15380-1[47].

Technologicaldevelopmentshaveledtotheavailabilityofothermaterials,e.g.composites,andsomeofthesetraditionalmethodsofconstructionasbolting,riveting,andweldingandassemblyarenotnecessarilyappropriateorsuitableforsuchmaterials.

Forthisreason,aprocessofadhesivebondingcanbeessentialfortheproductionofcertainrailwayvehiclesandtheircomponents,notonlyinthecaseofcompositesbutforsteelsandaluminiumalloysaswellasglassandothermaterials.

Theconfirmationofthequalityandintegrityofthefinaladhesivelybondedjointsdonotreadilylendthemselvestotraditionalinspectionandtestingtechniquessuchasnon-destructivetesting.

Therefore,itisessentialthatthequalityandcontroloftheadhesivelybondedjointsofassembliesandcomponentsismanagedtothebestpossiblelevelbymeansofanappropriateprocesscontrolprocedure.

WhilsttherearestandardsthatdealwithQualityControlandaretakenintoaccount,thisdocumentaimstogivethecorrectframeworkandincludesadditionaldetailnecessaryforalladhesivebondingandsealingactivitiesperformedonrailwayvehiclesanditscomponentsasaspecialprocess.

NOTEENISO9001[41]issuchanexample.

Againstthisbackground,thisdocumentreferstodefinitionsaswellasorganisational,management,contractualandtechnicalprinciplestobefollowedinproductionofadhesivelybondedjointsinanalogytoweldingtechnology.Thus,comparablefocalpointsarealsothefocushere:

Focalpoint1:Classificationofeachadhesivelybondedjointaccordingtosafetyrequirements(see5?3.2)?

Focalpoint2:Designationofsupervisorypersonnel(AdhesiveBondingCoordinators-ABCs)andexecutionpersonnel(AdhesiveBondingOperators)whocanobjectivelydemonstratethattheyhavethenecessaryandrequiredskills,knowledge,andexperienceinthefieldOfadhesivebonding(seeClause4).

Focalpoint3:Verificationthattheactualloading(stress,strain,andstrainenergy)ofanadhesivelybondedjointduringtheuseofanadhesivelybondedproductisinanycaselessthanthemaximumloadcapacity(see5.4andAnnexD).

Anotherfocusofthisdocumentaretheprinciplesofworkmanshipofadhesivelybondedjoints(seeClause6).

Scope

Thisdocumentdefinestermsandspecifiesrequirementsforadhesivebondingandsealingworkinrailvehiclesandtheircomponentsindependentofthematerialoftheadherendandthesolidificationmechanism,strength,anddeformationpropertiesoftheadhesives.

Thisdocumentisapplicabletoadhesivebondingandsealingadherendsinthe:

—development(pre-production);

—production(in-production];

maintenanceincludingrepair(post-production);

—qualityassuranceofproduction,inspection,maintenanceincludingrepairofrailvehiclesandtheircomponents.

Thisdocumentisnotapplicableto:

screwretentionbytheusageofadhesives,ifascrewassemblywithoutfurthersafeguardofidenticaljointdesignissufficientforthepurpose;

—hybridjoints,iftheexpectedfunctionisgivenexclusivelybyanotherjoiningtechnologye.g.welding,screwing,riveting;

productionofvulcanizates;

productionofplywood;

productionoffibrereinforcedplasticcomposites(FRP-composites);

productionOflaminatedsafetyglass;

pureencapsulatingofelectronicparts;

—applicationofsingle-sidedadhesivedecorativefilms.

Normativereferences

Thefollowingdocumentsarereferredtointhetextinsuchawaythatsomeoralloftheircontentconstitutesrequirementsofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.

EN1465,Adhesives—Determinationoftensilelap-shearstrengthofbondedassemblies

EN923,Adhesives—Termsanddefinitions

ENISO10365,Adhesives—Designationofmainfailurepatterns

ISO16269-6:2014,Statisticalinterpretationofdata—Part6:Determinationofstatisticaltoleranceintervals

EN14869-2lStructuraladhesives—DeterminationofshearbehaviourOfstructuralbonds—Part2:Thickadherendssheartest(/S。11003-27

ISO12107,Metallicmaterials—Fatiguetesting—Statisticalplanningandanalysisofdata

Termsanddefinitions

Forthepurposesofthisdocument,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninEN923,andthefollowingapply.

NOTEAnadditionalclarificationofvocabularyassociatedwithadhesivebondingtechnologyisgiveninAnnexJ.

ISOandIECmaintainterminologicaldatabasesforuseinstandardizationatthefollowingaddresses:

ISOOnlinebrowsingplatform:availableat

/obp

IECElectropedia:availableat

/

3.1

adhesion

technicaltermfortheinteractionsbetweentheadhesivepolymersandtheadherend/substratesurface

Note1toentry:Adhesionoccursinnm-dimensions.

3.2

cohesion

internalstrengthofamaterial,e.g.anadhesive

Note1toentry:Cohesionforceskeepforexamplethemoleculesofanadhesivetogetherandarebasedonattractivephysicalforcesbetweenthepolymerchains,entanglementofthepolymerchains,andchemicalbondsinsideandbetweentheadhesivepolymerchains.

3.3

adhesive

non-metallicmaterialwhichbondstwoadherends/substratestogetherviaadhesionandcohesion

3.4

adherend

substrate

objectorsemi-finishedproduct(e.g.,sheetmetal,wires,metalextruded,mouldedplastic,fabrics,glass,coatedsubstrate,etc.)onwhichanadhesiveisapplied

Note1toentry:Inadhesivebondingprocesses,thetermadherendisoftenusedasasynonymforsubstrate.

3.5

adhesionpromotor

liquidusedinsurfacetreatmenttoimprovetheadhesionoftheadhesivetotheadherend

Note1toentry:Adhesionpromotorsoftenarenamedasprimers,accelerators,oractivators(seealsoJ.2.2).

3.6

adhesivebonding

processofjoiningtogethertheadherendsbyanadhesiveorsealant

Note1toentry:Theadherends/substratescanbemadeofthesameaswellasofdifferentmaterialsandcanhavedifferentsurfacecharacteristics.

3.7

adhesivebondingarea

areawhichisusedtojoinoneormoreadherends/substratesusinganadhesive

Note1toentry:Theadhesivebondingareaisusuallytheproductoftheoverlaplengthandoverlapwidthoftheadherends/substrates.

3.8

AdhesiveBondingCoordinator

ABC

qualifiedpersonwithprovenexpertiseinadhesivebondingtechnologyresponsibleforthesupervisionoftheadhesivebondingprocessesandforalllinkedactivities

Note1toentry:TheresponsibilitiesoftheAdhesiveBondingCoordinators[ABCs]areshowninTable1.

3.9

responsibleAdhesiveBondingCoordinator/deputy

rABC/d

qualifiedpersonwithlevelofcompetenceaccordingtoTable1inadhesivebondingtechnologytosupervisethefullscopeorapartofthefullscopeasthehighestinstanceregardingbondingtechnologyincludingannouncementsofdeputiesaccordingtoscopeandclass

3.10

adhesivebonder

personnelwithprovencorrespondingknowledgeapplyingorexecutingtheadhesivebondingprocesstomanufacture,maintain,orrepaircomponents

3.11

adhesivebondingpersonnel

personnelinvolvedinthedesign,planning,manufacturing,andmaintenance/repairrelatedtotheadhesivebondingprocess

3.12

adhesivebondingprocedure

allassociatedprocessesconcernedwithadhesivebondingsuchasconditioningofsubstratesandadhesive,surfacetreatment,processingtheadhesive,applicationoftheadhesive,joiningtheadherends/substratesandsolidification(curing/hardening)

3.13

adhesivelybondedjoint

connectionoftwoormoresubstrates(adherends)fromthesamematerialordifferentmaterialswiththeuseofanadhesive

Note1toentry:Anadhesivelybondedjointcanbedefinedasrigidcoupling,flexiblecoupling,orjointsealing.Allthreetypesofjunctionarebasedonthesameprinciplesofoperation.

3.14

structuraladhesivelybondedjoint

adhesivelybondedjointinwhichtheadhesivebondmakesasignificantcontributiontoguaranteetheload-transferringbetweentheadherends

3.15

component

onepartofanadhesive

Note1toentry: Inadhesivebondingtechnology,thepartsofanadhesivesystem(resinandhardener)arecalled

components(componentAandcomponentB).

3.16

ageing

changesinadhesivelybondedjointsandtheirpropertiesovertime

Note1toentry:Ageingcanbesimulatedbystorageoflaboratorytestsamplesunderspecialclimaticconditionsinordertomimic,overashortperiodoftime,theeffectstowhichadhesives/adhesivelybondedjointsareexposedduringtheirwholereallifetime.

Note2toentry:Adhesivescanageduetotheeffectofmoisture,chemicals,oxygen,heat,light,mechanicalstress,etc.

3.17

application

placeadhesiveonanadherendduringtheadhesivebondingprocedure

3.18

curing

chemicalsolidificationoftheadhesive

chemicalreactionsleadingtoadhesivesolidification(thermoplastic,elastomeric,orthermosetpolymers)

Note1toentry:Thisreferstochemicallycuringadhesives.

3.19

curingtime

periodoftimerequiredtosolidifyachemicallycuringadhesiveuntilfinalstrength

3.20

technicaldatasheet

technicalinformationsheetaboutanadhesivewrittenbytheadhesivemanufacturer

Note1toentry:Itgivesinformationabouttheadhesiveandhowtoprocessandapplytheadhesive(alsocalled:TDS).

3.21

safetydatasheet

informationsheetaboutproduct-relatedimportantsafetyinstructions

Note1toentry:AlsocalledMaterialSafetyDataSheet(MSDS).

3.22

destructivetesting

analyses,tests,orsurveyscarriedoutonatestsampleorsystemforgettingqualitative/quantitativespecificproperties

Note1toentry:Thetestsamplecannotbeusedafterwards.

3.23

non-destructivetesting

NDT

analyses,tests,andmeasurementsperformedusingmethodswhichdonotundulyalterthematerialanddonotdamageordestroythesampleinthetestsystem,aimedattheinvestigationandidentificationofdefectsofthestructureitself

Note1toentry:Eachtestsamplecanbeusedafterwardswithoutcompromisingthefunctioningoftheproduct.

3.24

handlingtime

timewhichisreachedwhenthesolidificationoftheadhesiveintheadhesivelybondedjointhasprogressedtosuchanextentthat-withoutimpairingthequalityoftherespectiveadhesivelybondedjointinanyway-thenextworkstepincludingtheresultingloadingcanbeinitiated,therailvehicleorrailvehiclepartcanbedeliveredoritscommissioningcantakeplace

3.25

hotspot

FEM

smallregionorareawithahighvalueofaquantity(e.g.,stress,strain,energy)

3.26

influence

non-mechanicalparametersthatareappliedtoamaterialandchangeitsproperties

Note1toentry:Thenatureofthenon-mechanicalparametersinfluencesthematerialbehaviour(loading)andtheloadcapacitytobeselected.Furtherinfluencescanhaveanimpactoftheadhesiveselection.

3.27

joining

assemblingofsubstrates/adherends(3.1)tobecomeawhole

Note1toentry:Adhesivebondingisjustonejoiningmethod.Othersarewelding,screwing,andriveting.

3.28

load

mechanicalparametersthatareappliedtoamaterialandleadtostressesandstrains(deformations)inthematerial

Note1toentry:ThetypeofmechanicalparametersinfluencesthematerialBehaviour(Ioading)andtheloadcapacity(see3.29)tobeselected.

3.29

loadcapacity

limitoftheadhesivelybondedjointtowithstandstress,strainandstrainenergy

3.30

loadcase

combinationsofloadsandinfluencesappliedtoanadhesivelybondedjointatthesametime

Note1toentry:Usuallythereareseveralloadcaseswhichdescribedifferentstatesinvehicleoperationaswellasinthemanufacturing/repairprocess.Manufacturing/repairloadcasesarealwaystobeevaluatedincombinationwiththesolidificationstateoftheadhesiveandarethebasisforthedeterminationofhandlingstrengthorcommissioningtimes.

3.31

non-mechanicalload

differenttypesofexternalinfluences,whichcanactonanadhesivelybondedjoint,e.g.heat,moisture,andchemicaleffects(water,solvents,etc.)

3.32

mechanicalproperty

propertyrelatedtothebehaviourofanadhesiveoradhesivelybondedjointwhensubjectedtoexternalphysicalforces(tensileforces,shearforces,abrasiveforces,compressiveforces,torque,lapshearforces,etc.)

3.33

potlife

periodoftimeinwhichareactive2Cadhesiveshallbeappliedafterputtingtogetherandmixingitscomponentsuntilthemaximumpermissibleviscosityforstillsufficientwettingisreached(themaximumprocessingtime)

Note1toentry:Thistimedependsonthespeedandtherateofthechemicalreactionsresponsibleforthepolymerformation(curingrate)andalsoontheexternalboundaryconditions(e.g.temperature,quantityofmixtureprepared).Inordertocreatehigh-qualityadhesivelybondedjointsthepotlifeisstrictlyobserved.Chemicallycuringadhesiveswhichhaveexceededtheirpotlifecannotbeappliedanylongerontheadherend'ssurfaceandaredisposed.

Note2toentry:InsomeTechnicalDatasheetsinsteadoftheterm"potlife"theterm"worklife"isused.

3.34

qualificationofanadhesive

processforprovingthattheadhesivemeetstherequirementsplacedonit

3.35

safetyclass

performancerequirementsoftheadhesivelybondedjointdefinedonthebasisofthepotentialofdamageeffectthatthefailureofthejointcancause

3.36

specialprocess

processwheretheconformityoftheresultingoutputcannotbevalidatedeasily,i.e.usuallynon-Jestructivelywithonehundredpercentcertainty,oreconomically

3.37

stresscracking

crackdevelopmentinplasticsasaconsequenceofthesimultaneousactionofchemicals(e.g.,solvents)andmechanicalstress

Noteltoentry:Theresidualstressofamaterialoftensufficesforstresscrackstodevelop.

3.38

surfacetreatment

treatmentofthesurfacesofpartstobejoinedinordertooptimisewettabilityandadhesionandtoachievereproducibleadhesivelybondedjointswithastabilitythatmeetstherequirements

3.39

testsample

speciallypreparedspecimenwhichisthesubjectofdestructiveornon-destructivetesting

3.40

thermoplasticpolymer

classofplasticwhichcanbedeformedinanydesiredwaywithinaspecifictemperaturerange,withoutundergoingachemicalchange

Note1toentry:Thesedeformationpropertiesareduetothefactthatthepolymersarenotchemicallycrosslinked.

3.41

thermoset

typeofplasticwithpolymerchainschemicallycrosslinkedinanarrow-meshwhichcannotbedeformedinanydesiredway,withoutundergoingachemicalchange

3.42

user-companyadhesiveuser

companythatusesadhesivesandadhesivebondingtechnologyfortheirproduction,maintenanceandrepair

3.43

wettability

abilityofaliquid(forexampleanadhesive)tospreaditselfonasolidsurfacesothattheadhesiveisdistributedoveraslargeanareaaspossibleontheadhesivebondingsurfaceandcomessoclosetothesurfacethattheinteractioncantakeplace

Note1toentry:Eventhoughtheadhesionisalsodependentonotherfactors,thewettingofthesurfaceisanabsolutelynecessaryconditioninordertoobtainadhesionbetweenadherendandadhesive,butnottheonlyone.

Competencesofadhesivebondingpersonnel

General

Theadhesiveuser-companyshallhaveattheirdisposaladhesivebondingpersonnelwithappropriatecompetencesforAdhesiveBondingOperatorsandAdhesiveBondingCoordinators(rABC∕d).Personnelperformingadhesivebondingworkshallhavethenecessarycompetencies,knowledgeandexperiencesforplanning,designing,supervising,testingandworkmanshipinadhesivebondingtechnology.SeealsoAnnexAforfurtherdetails.

Theworkperformedbythesubcontractorshallalsobeexecutedfollowingtherequirementsofthisdocument.

Incaseofsubcontracting,anexternalrABC/doftheorderingcompanyshallnotworkforthesubcontractingparty.

Therearethreelevelsofcompetencies1,2and3,seeTable1.

Table1—Levelsofcompetencies,knowledgeandexperiencesforadhesivebondingpersonnel

Level

Scopeofcompetencies,knowledgeandexperiences

1

Comprehensivetechnologicalcompetences,knowledgeandexperiencesinadhesivebondingtechnologyarefulfilledbythestate-of-the-artskillsandadvancedskills(minimumone-yearsuitableexperienceinadhesivebondingtechnology)

ExamplesininformativeAnnexB

2

Specifictechnologicalcompetences,knowledgeandexperiencesinadhesivebondingtechnologyarefulfilledbythestate-of-the-artskillsandadvancedskills(minimumone-yearsuitableexperienceinadhesivebondingtechnology)

ExamplesininformativeAnnexB

3

Basictechnologicalcompetences,knowledgeandexperiencesinadhesivebondingtechnologyarefulfilledbythestate-of-the-artskills.

TrainingandqualificationofthislevelcanbeapprovedbyrABC∕d.Inth