語(yǔ)法專題10簡(jiǎn)潔句的類型簡(jiǎn)潔句的種類簡(jiǎn)潔句復(fù)習(xí)即句子的種類1、陳述句（確定式與否定式）2、疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句和反義疑問(wèn)句3、祈使句4、感嘆句句子成分：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)【考點(diǎn)一】簡(jiǎn)潔句的五大基本句型1、主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)---Thefoodtastesverydelicious.2、主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞---Theboylefthappily.3、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)---TomlikesEnglishalot.4、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)(指人)+直接賓語(yǔ)(指物)---Theygavemesomeniceflowers.5、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)---IfindChineseveryinteresting.子結(jié)構(gòu)01：主謂(狀)結(jié)構(gòu)這類句子的特點(diǎn)是，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以表達(dá)完整的含義，不需要為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞補(bǔ)充一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)（即動(dòng)作的承受者）。這樣的狀況下，就構(gòu)成了主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Allrise.全體起立。Heleft.他離開了。有的時(shí)候，一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子往往在表達(dá)意思上很殘缺，故而習(xí)慣上經(jīng)常要加入狀語(yǔ)，讓句子更完整。這樣的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)可稱為“主謂狀”結(jié)構(gòu)。但在本質(zhì)上，主謂狀結(jié)構(gòu)仍舊屬于主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Herunsfast.他跑得很快。在該句子中，假如只說(shuō)明Heruns.則句意殘缺不全，若是加上fast作方式狀語(yǔ)，則句意完整充實(shí)。子結(jié)構(gòu)02：主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)這類句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必需跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)（即動(dòng)作的承受者），才能使意思完整。如：IlikeChinesefood.子結(jié)構(gòu)03：主謂賓賓結(jié)構(gòu)這類句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必需跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來(lái)連接（如to,for等），當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承受者之前時(shí)，這一介詞往往被省略。Hegavehisfriendapen.=Hegaveapentome.間賓直賓Hemadehismotheracake.=Hemadeacakeforme.間賓直賓子結(jié)構(gòu)04：主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)這類句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必需加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來(lái)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)，才能使意思完整。Wefindthebookveryinteresting.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)留意，賓語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，可以理解為主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，也就是說(shuō)，在主謂賓補(bǔ)的句子中，假如去掉主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間是可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的，意思正確的句子的。比如：HenamedhissonBobby.去掉主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)后，可理解為：HissonisBobby.而同樣在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后跟兩個(gè)名詞，主謂賓賓結(jié)果就不能這么變化，如：Heaskedmeaquestion.就不能理解為：Iamaquestion.核心結(jié)構(gòu)二：系表結(jié)構(gòu)此類句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子和動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必需加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，就是要表達(dá)“主語(yǔ)，是怎么樣的”。系動(dòng)詞分兩類：be,look,feel,smell,taste,sound等屬一類，表示狀況；get,grow,become,turn,go等屬另一類，表示變化。be本身沒(méi)有什么意義,只起連系主語(yǔ)和表的作用。功能一：對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)“主語(yǔ)是什么”Heisastudent.Thisisacat.功能二：地點(diǎn)方位介詞作表語(yǔ)，表達(dá)“主語(yǔ)在哪里”Iamathome.Heisintheclassroom.功能三：形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表達(dá)“主語(yǔ)怎么樣”She is beautiful.She looks beautiful.Thecake is delicious.Thecake tastes delicious.She is calm.She remains calm.I am ill.I feel ill.核心結(jié)構(gòu)三：therebe結(jié)構(gòu)（非重點(diǎn)）在英語(yǔ)里，表示什么地方或時(shí)間存在什么事情就用此結(jié)構(gòu)。該類句子的結(jié)尾往往帶有地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。其中there是引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒(méi)有詞意，be是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，be后面的名詞是主語(yǔ)。句子規(guī)章英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)潔句最基本的規(guī)章是：一個(gè)句號(hào)有且只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（或系動(dòng)詞）。比如以下句子，就是錯(cuò)誤的：Heisaboy,helikesplayingfootball.在這句話中，一個(gè)句號(hào)卻有了兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，一個(gè)是系動(dòng)詞is，一個(gè)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞likes。在簡(jiǎn)潔句中，這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)是錯(cuò)誤的。假如想要表示以上含義，除了將逗號(hào)改為句號(hào)外，還有另外兩種方法：1，在逗號(hào)后，加入連詞。Heisaboy,andhelikesplayingfootball.事實(shí)上，連詞的消滅，意味著這句話變成了兩句話。2，將其次句話變成第一句話的從句，這樣，兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔句就合并構(gòu)成了一個(gè)復(fù)合句。Heisaboywholikesplayingfootball.一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Canyoushowyournewguitartome?A．直接賓語(yǔ) B．間接賓語(yǔ) C．賓補(bǔ) D．定語(yǔ)2．HisfriendBobissmart.A．賓語(yǔ) B．表語(yǔ) C．定語(yǔ) D．狀語(yǔ)3．Thefamilyaremakingzongzi.A．謂語(yǔ) B．主語(yǔ) C．狀語(yǔ) D．表語(yǔ)4．Lihuaoftenhelpshermothermakebreakfast.A．主語(yǔ) B．狀語(yǔ) C．賓語(yǔ) D．表語(yǔ)5．Myfirstwishistolearnhowtogetalongwellwithothers.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)B．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)C．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)6．—__________youtiredafterrunningfortenminutes?—No.I__________feeltiredatall.A．Did;didnt B．Were;didn’tC．Were;wasn’t D．Did;wasn’t7．Thegrasshopperfeltcold,hungryand_______inwinter.A．disappoint B．disappoints C．disappointing D．disappointed8．This________mykey.It’shiskey.A．is B．isn’t C．not D．in9．—Howdoyougettoschool?—I________.A．bythebike B．ridemybike C．bymybike10．Icanhearthechildrensingingintheclassroom.該句句子結(jié)構(gòu)是________。A．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)B．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)C．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)11．Theycan’tplaysoccerballoutsidebecauseoftherain.此句為________。A．并列復(fù)合句 B．簡(jiǎn)潔句 C．主從復(fù)合句12．ThefoodtastedgreatbecauseIwassohungry.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) B．主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞 C．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)13．Ireallyenjoywalkingaroundthetown.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) B．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ) C．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)14．Robotswillnevergetbored.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) B．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) C．主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞15．Theymadethechickensoupveryhot.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ) B．主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞 C．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)16．Doyouknowhowtoplantatree?A．并列句 B．簡(jiǎn)潔句 C．復(fù)合句17．HereisonewaytomaketurkeyforaThanksgivingdinner.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ) B．主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞 C．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)18．I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.A．主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) B．主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) C．主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞19．Liangliang________ofmediumheight.A．is B．has C．have20．Thecriminalisofmediumbuildandyoung.A．賓語(yǔ) B．定語(yǔ) C．表語(yǔ)21．Thelibrary_________veryearlyandit_________after10:00p.m.A．opens;closes B．isopen;isclosed C．opens;isclosed D．isopen;closes22．Theweather________.A．wetandcold B．iswetandcold C．notwetandcold D．werewetandcold23．What’sthis?________aredapple.A．Thatis B．It’s C．It D．This’s24．Herwatch________inherschoolbag.A．a(chǎn)m B．is C．a(chǎn)re D．be25．Itwillbe________tomorrow.Itoften________hereinsummer.A．raining;rain B．rainy;rain C．rain;raining D．rainy;rains26．—Howwasyourtriplastweek?—It________great.Ihadagreattime________themountain.A．was;climbing B．is;climbing C．was;climbed D．were;climbed27．Myuncle________tallandhe________bigeyes.A．has;is B．is;has C．is;is D．has;has28．He_______busyontheweekend.Whataboutyou?A．doesn’t B．don’t C．isn’t D．can’t29．—Whereareyourbooks?—________onthechair.A．Thisis B．Theseare C．It's D．They're30．Robertis________friend.________inClassOne.A．I;He’s B．my;He’s C．my;His D．me;He31．Thehouse________agardenoverthere_________reallybeautiful.A．has;is B．is;having C．with;is D．with;have32．Mybedroom_________alargewindowonthewall.A．has B．have C．thereis D．thereare33．I____________abag.____________onthesofa.A．have;It B．have;It’s C．don’thave;It34．--Whatisyourauntlike?--She．A．isaworker B．likesbananas C．is40 D．iskind35．Thebluejeans_______50dollars.Andthatblackpairofjeans_______60dollars.A．a(chǎn)re;costs B．a(chǎn)re;cost C．pay;are D．spend;is二、完形填空Nightafternight,shecomestohelpmesleep,evenlongaftermychildhoodyears.Idon’trememberwhenit36beginsannoying(惹惱)me—mymom’shandspushingmyhairthatway.Butitreallyannoysme,37theyfeelroughagainstmyyoungskin.Atlast,onenight,Ishout(喊)outather,“Don’tdothatanymore—yourhandsare38rough!”Shedoesn’tsay39,butsheneverdoesitagain.Aftermanyyears,I40mymother’shandsandhergood-nightkissonmyforehead(頭).I’mnotalittlegirlanymore.Mymomisinhermid-70s,andherroughhandsarestilldoingthingsformyfamilyandme.She’slikea41tous,alwaysknowinghowtomakeallkindsoffoodtokeepushealthy.Nowmyownchildrenaregrown-up.ItislateonThanksgivingEve.WhenIsleepinmy42,afamiliarhandrunsacrossmyfacetopushthehairfrommyhead.Thenakiss,eversogently,touchesmybrow(眉毛).Takingmymom’shand,Itellherhow43IamforthatnightIshoutather.Butmymomdoesn’tknow44Iamtalkingabout.Shedoesn’trememberthat.Thatnight,Ifallasleepwithnewthanksformygentlemotherandhercaring45.Andtheguilt(內(nèi)疚)thatIhaveforsolongisnowheretobefound.36．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth37．A．so B．because C．if D．then38．A．too B．very C．many D．much39．A．something B．nothing C．a(chǎn)nything D．somebody40．A．find B．know C．lose D．miss41．A．teacher B．waitress C．doctor D．cook42．A．classroom B．bedroom C．kitchen D．library43．A．sorry B．happy C．useful D．nice44．A．who B．what C．why D．when45．A．smile B．words C．hands D．eyes三、語(yǔ)法填空J(rèn)effisfifteennow,buthe’sstillinGradeOne.Heenjoys46(play)football.Heoftenplaysit47hisfriends.Hedoesnotlistentohisteachersintheclass,andhedoesnotlistentohisfatherandmotherathome.Theyareangrywithhim,buttheydon’tknowwhattodo.OneSundaymorning,Jeff48(get)upearly.Afterbreakfast,hismotheraskedhim49(do)hishomework.Hewenttohisbedroom.Whenhismotherwasbusywithherhousework,Jeffwentout50(quiet).Itwastimeforlunch,51hismothercouldn’tfindhim.Laterhecameback.His52(parent)lookedveryangry,butsaidnothing.Afterlunch,Jeffwanted53(go)outagain.Hisfatherstoppedhimandasked,“54(be)yourhomeworkover?”“No,”answeredtheboy,“Ican’tdoit.”Hisfatherpulledhimbytheearandsaid,“55isyourear?”“Oh,dear!”Jeffcalledout,“It’sinyourhand.”閱讀理解AFameHotel(名人酒店)isaveryinterestinghotelinCalifornia.Inthishotel,youcanlivethesamelifeasafamousperson.

Whenyoucheckinto(登記人住)thehotel,youcanchoosearoomfirst.FameHotelhas32rooms,andeveryroomisnamedafterafamouspersonlikeamovieormusicstar,awriterorascientist.Whenyoucomeintotheroom,youcomeintothelifeofthatperson.Therearepictureseverywhere.Thehoteldecorates(裝飾)eachroomwithclothesandevenfoodthatthefamouspersonlikes,Monroe’swardrobe(衣櫥)isfullofbeautifulwhitedresses.AlbertEinsteindoesn’thaveanysocksinthewardrobebecausetherealEinsteinneverwearsthem.“Ilovethishotel.”saysoneguest(客人)stayinginElvisPresley’sroom,“NowIknowwhatElvisPresleyeatsforbreakfast.”Theguesteatspancakesandstrawberryice-creaminthemorning.Onthenexttable,theguestofEinstein’sroomisdrinkingcabbagesoup.AnotherFameHotelwillbeopenedinNewYorkCitynextyearandthereareplanstoopensomeinEuropetoo.YoumightbeabletostayinChurchill’ssuite(套房)inLondononeday!56．What’sinterestingaboutFameHotel?A．Itisnamedafterapopstar. B．It’sthecheapesthotelinCalifornia.C．It’sahotelonlyforfamouspeople. D．Onecanlivethesamelifeasafamousperson.57．Whencomingintotheroom,onecan________.A．getlotsofbeautifulclothesB．findmanythingsthefamouspersonlikesC．haveamealwithsomefamouspeopleD．enjoynicepicturesofdifferentmovieormusicstars.58．TheguestinElvisPresley’sroom________.A．can’tseeanysocksinthewardrobeB．drinkscabbagesoupforbreakfastC．mightknowaboutElvis’seatinghabitsnowD．wantstotryallthedeliciousfoodinthehotel59．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．32famouspeopleonceliveinthehotel.B．TherearemanyFameHotelsintheworldnow.C．Monroemightlovewearingwhitedressesverymuch.D．ManypeoplelikelivinginChurchill’ssuiteinthehotelnow.60．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.A．famouspeople’slivesB．a(chǎn)ninterestinghotelinCaliforniaC．howtocheckintofamoushotelsD．FameHotelindifferentcitiesBWheredoyougetyourmoney?Mostofyougetmoneyfromyourparentsorgrandparents.It’snicetohavealittlebitofpocketmoney(零花錢).Buthowdoyouspendit?EllaandJackyarekidslikeyou.Theyspendmoneyindifferentways.Jackylikesplayinggamesandsports.Buthehastroublewithmoney.Heneverhasenoughofit.Hisparentsgivehimsomepocketmoney.Buthespendsitveryquickly.Hebuyslotsofthings,suchasvideogames,snacks(零食)andasoccerball.Whatshouldhedo?EllaisJacky’sfriend.Shemakesplansforspendinghermoney.Shesaves(節(jié)省)someofit.Thisway,shecanuseitinthefuture.Shespendsmoneyonthingsshereallyneeds.Herparentssaythatbanks(銀行)canm