被動語態(tài)Somebodycleansthisroomeveryday.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.basicinformationcompare主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)中主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)中主語是動作的承受者。PART-ONEWhenweusepassivevoice?Howtousepassivevoice?usage1.使用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況(1).不知道或不必提及動作的執(zhí)行者這類被動句的特點是不用by引出動作的執(zhí)行者。PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromChina

（bysb）.(2).強調、突出動作的承受者時強調動作的承受者，把承受者作為談話的中心時，用被動語態(tài)。這類被動句可以用by引出動作的執(zhí)行者，也可以不用。Manybuildingsweredestroyedinthebigfire.usage1.使用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況(3).出于禮貌或某種原因，避免說出動作的執(zhí)行者時Youwillbecontacted.

我們會和你聯(lián)系的。(4).公告、通知、新聞報道、報紙標題、科技文章中-客觀/禮貌Rubbishisstrictlyprohibited

here.

此處嚴禁倒垃圾。(公告)SatisfactionGuaranteed/Manwanted.usage2.常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)basicstructure：主語+be+done(動詞過去分詞)+其他！在“be+動詞過去分詞”結構中，助動詞be有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，變化規(guī)則與系動詞be相同。雙賓語情況：give,send,take,bring,teach,tell,offer,sing,buy,promise,make,write,ask,lend,show,pay被動句時：

一般把“人”提前作主語；將“物”提前則要在“人”的前面加to

或for。givesbsth--sbbegivensth/sthbegiventosb時態(tài)語態(tài)：bedone時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/does一般過去時did一般將來時willdo過去將來時woulddo現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone過去完成時haddone現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/aredoing過去進行時was/weredoing含情態(tài)動詞的被動should/can/must/mightdostham/is/aredonewas/weredonewillbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshould/can/mustbedone2.一般過去時:1.一般現(xiàn)在時:3.一般將來時:4.現(xiàn)在進行時:5.現(xiàn)在完成時:was/were+doneThestreetiscleaned(clean)bythedustmeneverymorning.

Thesebookswerewritten(write)in1969.Somepinetreeswillbeplanted(plant)intheparktomorrow.Anewbridgeisbeingbuilt(build)overtherivernow.Allthelettershavebeenposted(post)sofar.willbe+doneam/is/arebeing+donehave

/hasbeen+done

小試牛刀am/is/are+done判斷是否被動-時態(tài)-具體結構

小試牛刀Theroadswerebeingwidened(widen)lastweekatthistime.Shehadsaidthatthebridgehadbeenwashed(wash)awaybytheflood.Thebabymustbelooked(look)afterwell.6.過去進行時:7.過去完成時:

8.含有情態(tài)動詞:

was/werebeing+donehadbeen+done

must/can/may…+bedone1.Thatplay_______________(put)onagainsometimenextmonth.2.Thebook________________(print)nowandwillcomeout

soon.3.Planes,carsandtrains_____________(use)bybusinesspeoplefortravelling.4.

A

beautifulhorse______________(draw)

byJohntheotherday.5.Theoldmanisill.

He__________(mustsend)to

hospitalatonce.6.Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)willbeputareusedwasdrawnisbeingprintedmustbesent

小試牛刀beundone木已成舟。PART-TWO被動語態(tài)的要點！不能用于被動語態(tài)的情況

要點1（1）有些及物動詞/短語不能用于被動，常見的有：have有,cost花費,lack缺少,own擁有,belongto屬于,takepartin參加（2）不及物動詞和短語不能用于被動語態(tài)，常見的有：happen/takeplace/occur發(fā)生,remain剩下,breakout爆發(fā),last持續(xù),comeout出版,comeup被提出,loseheart失去信心,datefrom/datebackto追溯到,runout用完主動形式表被動意義的情況

要點21.

連系動詞（如look,appear,

seem,

sound,taste,

smell,

feel；turn,stay,become,get,grow,keep,prove,turnouttobe等）+adj/n.構成系表結構時，用主動形式表示被動意義。道理是，“事物”作句子主語給人在感官上某種感覺,不用被動語態(tài)。Hissuggestionsoundsgreat.

他的建議聽起來不錯。Silkfeelssmooth.

絲綢摸起來光滑。Thenewsprovestobe/turnsouttobetrue.消息被證明時真的。主動形式表被動意義的情況(2)不及物動詞：

sell,wash,cut,read,wear,write,run,burn,clean,shut,start,open等后帶狀語well,easily,smoothly等.用主動表達被動含義：表示主語內在品質或性能Thematerialhaswornthin.磨薄了。Theclothwashes/sellseasily.這布很耐洗/很暢銷Thepoemreadssmoothly.這首詩讀起來很順暢。Thisovencleanseasily.這烤箱oven容易擦洗。Thedoorwon’tshutandthecarwon’tstart.門關不上，車發(fā)動不了。Thelibrarydoesn’topenonSundays.圖書館星期天不開門。

要點2(3).在need,

want,

require+V-ing表示被動，意為需要做;

deserve/beworth/bear+V-ing”表示被動，意為“值得/應當做...”。=need/wantrequiretobedone/=deserve/beworth/beartobedone主動形式表被動意義的情況

要點2Thehouseneedscleaning.→Thehouseneeds____________.Themovieisworthseeing.

→Themovieisworth____________.tobecleanedtobeseen主動形式表被動意義的情況

要點2Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Volleyballmatchisveryinterestingtowatch.(4).在“be+形容詞+不定式”結構中，不定式表示的動作與句子主語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系時，用主動形式表示被動意義。常見形容詞有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等。

這個問題很難回答。

排球比賽很好看。(5).“get+過去分詞”,也可以表示被動含義。此時get失去原有的意義，更接近be的功能：getmarried結婚;getpaid獲得報酬;gethurt受傷;gettrapped/stuck/caught被困getlost迷路；

getdrunk喝醉了；getdressed穿好衣服；

getrunover被(車)軋主動形式表被動意義的情況

要點2Youshouldprotectyourskintoavoidgetting

(sunburn)whenyougooutinthehotsun.sunburnt(6)“it+be+過去分詞+從句”式的被動結構--據(jù)v;人們都v.

e.g.It’ssaidthatshehassomesupernaturalpowers.

It’sreportedthattheyhavediscoveredanewstar.常見的結構還有：Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…表被動意義的結構

要點21.Theflightmust__________(book)bytomorrow.2.Thetwins________(looklike)theirmother.3.She__________(invite)toJack’s16thbirthdaypartyinNewJerseyyesterday.4.Thepizza________(taste)deliciouswithoutanycheeseatall.bebookedlooklikewasinvited

tastes5.Thecompanybelievestheproductswill________(sell)wellintherun-uptoChristmas.6.Thestory________(read)well.7.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.8.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture_______(belong)tothewell-educated.

sellreadsisbeingbroadcast

belongs

要點3變被動時要還原to的情況Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.TheysawLindagivetheperformance.Lindawasseen______(give)theperformance.togotogivemake,see,hear,watch,notice等感官動詞或使役動詞：在主動語態(tài)里，作賓補的動詞不定式不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，to要還原。PART-THREEpractice[即時演練]單句語法填空1．Now，peoplecanlearnaboutthehistorythroughadocumentarycalledThe

Six：The

Untold

Story

of

Titanic's

Chinese

Passengers，which____________(release)onApril16，2021.2．(2024·江蘇南通模擬)Breathingdirtyaircausestheprematuredeathofatleast1，200childrenacrossEuropeeachyear.Actually，manythousandsmore____________(trouble)withphysicalandmentalhealthproblemsthatcouldhavelifelongimpacts.wasreleasedaretroubled3．Sofar，throughtheremotevideomonitoringsystemandtheuseofBDSandotherequipment，theintelligentandinformation-basedthree-dimensionsystemofthe“skyandground”forbiodiversityprotection_____________________(establish)．4．Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse__________________(decorate)．hasbeenestablishedisbeingdecorated選用括號內合適的內容完成下面句子或對話。1.Letters____________(sent)bythepostmanat8everyday.2.Thisbag________________(find)onthebusyesterday.3.Thedresscan’t________________(wash)inhotwater.4.Thistower__________________(not;rebuilt)sincethe1930’s.aresent

wasfoundbewashed

hasnotbeenrebuilt5.Themachine________________(teste)justwhenthemanagercame.6.Thenewplan________________(announce)intwodays.7.Look!Yourcar________________(lift)offtheground.

wasbeingtested

willbeannouncedisbeinglifted8.WhenIstopped,mycar___________(hit)frombehind.9.—Whatwerewedoingat11o’clock?—We____________________(interview)byareporter.washitwerebeinginterviewedTheartistwassurehewould____________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020全國III卷)And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood___________(need).(2020浙江)Mywashingmachine_________________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.(2018天津)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_______________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018北京)bechosenwasneededisbeingrepairedhadbeentrappedTheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityduringtheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.(2021全國甲)wasbuilt“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon______________(construct).”(2020全國卷I)isconstructed

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic__________(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollectionisondisplay.(2020新高考I)arecalled1.

這本小說花了他500美元。_____________________________________________________2.

她上個月出版的書買得很好。那本書是關于一個歷史可以追溯到宋朝的花瓶展開。Herbook,which

_______________lastmonth___________well.Hisbookisaboutavast,whosehistory______________________________3.

我們的錢已經(jīng)花光了。_____________________________________________________4.

電影的故事聽起來很不錯。那部電影值得一看。____________________________________________________________Thisnovelcosted/costshim500dollars.cameoutsoldcoulddatebacktoSongdynasty.Ourmoneyhasrunout.Thestoryofthemoviesoundsnice.Thatfilmisworthwatching.5.

幸運的是，那個在公園里迷路的小男孩，最后在警察局被找到。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.

眾所周知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)極大地改善了人們的生活。（被動）___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.

由于對社會的巨大貢獻，他在2017年被授予一枚金質獎章。__________________________________________________________Fortunately,theboy,whogotlostinthepark,wasfinallyfoundinthepoliceoffice.Asisknowntoall,people’sliveshavebeengreatlychangedbytheInternet.Hewasawardedagoldmedalforhisgreatcontributiontothesociety.Readtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectSciencefiction_____________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand_______________________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_________byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.isregardedexplored/represented