PAGE專題二非謂語動(dòng)詞1.(2024·全國卷Ⅱ，61)A90－year－oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for________(be)Britain'soldestfull－timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.答案：being介詞for后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用其動(dòng)名詞形式。2．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ，68)Whenwegotacall________(say)shewasshort－listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.答案：sayingsay與前面的acall之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾acall。3．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ，64)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.答案：looking動(dòng)詞avoid后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。此處表示“避開干脆看他的眼睛”，應(yīng)填looking。4．(2024·天津高考，4)________(learn)tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.答案：Learning本空在主句中作主語，應(yīng)當(dāng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。5．(2024·天津高考，10)Mostcollegesnowofferfirst－yearstudentsacoursespecially________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.答案：designedacourse與design之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作定語。6．(2024·浙江高考，63)Butsomestudentsdidn'twant________(wear)theuniform.答案：towearwanttodosth.“想要做某事”，固定用法。7．(2024·江蘇高考，30)________(enjoy)theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.答案：Toenjoy句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的便利，很多老年人起先運(yùn)用智能手機(jī)。運(yùn)用智能手機(jī)的目的是享受數(shù)字支付的便利，故用不定式短語作目的狀語。8．(2024·江蘇高考，32)China'simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries________(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.答案：recognizing句意：中國的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升，更多的國家相識到中國在國際事務(wù)中的作用。此處是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ))，morecountries與recognize(承認(rèn)，相識，認(rèn)可)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。9．(2024·全國卷Ⅰ，短文改錯(cuò))Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.________________________________________________________________答案：say→saying分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，cheered是謂語動(dòng)詞，say前沒有并列連詞，所以say只能用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式；主語與say之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。10．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ，短文改錯(cuò))IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.________________________________________________________________答案：manage→managingsucceedindoingsth.“勝利做某事”。一動(dòng)詞-ing形式1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語、賓語或表語用法例句作主語動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)①Itisnousesendinghimaletterofapology.②Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.作賓語動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作介詞的賓語也可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語①Nothingcanstoptheplanfrombeingcarriedout.②Haveyouconsideredmakingcontributionstoyourhometownaftergraduation？作表語動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語時(shí)，有兩種不同的含義①M(fèi)yjobisteaching.(說明主語的內(nèi)容)②Thenewsisexciting.(說明主語的性質(zhì))比較：Heisreading.(正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)[留意]①常見的后面接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞或短語有：②有關(guān)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的短語或句型：spendsometimedoingsth.花時(shí)間做某事havefun/haveagoodtime/haveabadtimedoingsth.很(不)開心做某事have(no)difficultydoingsth.做某事(沒)有困難catchsb.doingsth.逮住某人在做某事thereisnopointdoingsth.做某事沒有意義thereisnodenyingthat...毋庸置疑……It'snouse/gooddoingsth.做某事沒有用/沒好處beworthdoingsth.某事值得(被)做bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事can'thelpdoingsth.不由自主做某事sth.needsdoing某事須要被做endupdoingsth.結(jié)果做了某事2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語[留意]英語中有些動(dòng)詞既可以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語也可以用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但表達(dá)的意義有所不同。如seesb.dosth.(看到某人做了某事，表示看到事情的全過程)和seesb.doingsth.(看到某人正在做某事，表示看到的是正在發(fā)生的事情)。常見的用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：feel,hear,notice,see,watch,obverse,listento,lookat等。二過去分詞三動(dòng)詞不定式1．動(dòng)詞不定式作主語、表語、賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞不定式可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語，也可以和疑問詞構(gòu)成不定式短語作主語、賓語或表語。2．動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語、定語(1)作狀語動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語可以表示目的、結(jié)果、緣由、程度等。動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，假如置于主句后，不定式前面經(jīng)常不用逗號(出乎意料的結(jié)果除外)。①Heranfasttocatchthebus.(目的狀語)②Ireturnedhomethatday，onlytofindthateverythingwasbeingingoodorder.(結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。假如表示順理成章的結(jié)果，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式)③Iamsorrytohearthat.(緣由狀語)④Shewouldn'tbesosillytosaythat.(程度狀語)(2)作定語動(dòng)詞不定式作定語往往表示將來的動(dòng)作。①Hehasnothingtodo.②Wereachedanagreementtodotheworktogether.③Theymadeaplantodevelopnewproducts.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．(2024·福建省百所重點(diǎn)校高三年級聯(lián)合考試)________(use)adifferentmentalapproachmighthelpexplainwhypeoplewithmathanxietystrugglemorewithcomplexproblems.答案：Using分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少主語，故運(yùn)用動(dòng)名詞using和后面的adifferentmentalapproach一起作主語。2．Fromoursurvey,wewerehappy________(find)thefarmers'livingstandardgreatlyimproved.答案：tofindbehappytodosth.“很興奮做某事”。3．(2024·湖北省孝感市第一中學(xué)高三年級月考)Eatingsoilcanproducemoreeffectiveresults________(compare)toeatingslimmingpills,claimedresearchersfromanAustralianuniversity.答案：compared句意：澳大利亞的一個(gè)高校的探討團(tuán)隊(duì)聲稱，吃土可能比吃減肥藥的效果還好。分析句子可知，“compare”屬于非謂語，與其邏輯主語“eatingsoil”之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式compared。4．________(work)inseveralcountries,theyoungmanseemstohavetheexperiencewe'relookingfor.答案：Havingworked句意：在幾個(gè)國家工作過，這個(gè)年輕人好像擁有我們所須要的閱歷。表示發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前的主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，用havingworked。5．Youcantrusthim.Heisaman________(know)throughoutthebusinessfieldforhishonesty.答案：known句意：你可以信任他。他是一個(gè)在商業(yè)界因誠懇而著稱的人。know與其修飾的名詞man之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞known。6．(2024·黑龍江牡丹江市一中高三摸底考試)________(face)withadifficultsituation,Amolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.答案：Faced固定短語befacedwith“面對著……”；該短語是對句子主語Amold的狀況進(jìn)行說明。句意：面對著艱難的形勢，Amold確定向老板征詢建議。7．OurEnglishteacherstartedaWeChatGroup________(communicate)withusafterschool.答案：tocommunicate句意：我們英語老師建了一個(gè)微信群，為了課后溝通。表示目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。8．________(cover)840squaremiles,thenationalparkhasbeautifullakes,mountains,andforests.答案：Covering句意：占地面積840平方英里，這個(gè)國家公園里有湖泊、山脈和森林。邏輯主語thenationalpark與cover之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故填Covering。9．Theexperience________(gain)fromfailureisofgreatvaluetous.答案：gained句意：從失敗中獲得的閱歷對我們很有價(jià)值。該動(dòng)詞gain與其所修飾的名詞experience之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用gained。10．AgrowingtrendinChinanowgivescustomerstheoptions________(pay)thebillbyscanningaQRcodeorcash.答案：topay句意：在中國現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)越來越火的趨勢，讓顧客選擇掃碼或者現(xiàn)金付賬單。修飾名詞options，用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Tomakeiteasiertogetintouchwithus,you'dbettertokeepthiscardathand.________________________________________________________________答案：去掉better后的to句意：為了更簡單地和我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系，你最好把這張卡片放在手頭上。hadbetterdosth.“最好做某事”，為固定搭配。2．Seeingfromthetopofthehill,thegardenlooksmorebeautiful.________________________________________________________________答案：Seeing→Seenthegarden與see之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作狀語。3．Ourcompanyisgoingonverywell.Employdozensoflocalwomen,weproducehandmadegoodswith