Unit9

LEARNINGLESSON1

ACTIVELEARNING題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法核心詞匯詞匯一assumevt.

認(rèn)為；假定，假設(shè)◆教材原句Mostpeopleassumethatthehumanbrainisseton“automatic”—thatmeansitlearnsallbyitself.大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為人類的大腦是“自動”運(yùn)行的，這是說大腦能自動學(xué)習(xí)?！粢c(diǎn)必記assume+sb./sth.（+tobe）+adj.以為……是……assumethat...認(rèn)為……，假定……Assuming（that）...假定……（常作獨(dú)立成分）Let’sassume（that）...讓我們假設(shè)……◆詞語積累assumingconj.假設(shè)……為真，假設(shè) assumptionn.假定，假設(shè)makeanassumption作出假設(shè)，認(rèn)為 ontheassumptionthat...假定……◆單句語法填空

（1）Ididn’tseeyourcar，soI_________（assume）you’dgoneout.（2）Weallmadethe_________（assume）thatthecompanywouldbeclosedduetohiswrongdecision.◆單句寫作

（3）I_________

______（認(rèn)為，假定）youhadgoneoutbecausenobodyansweredthedoor.（4）Manypeople_________

__________________（認(rèn)為，假定）thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.（5）

__________________（讓我們假定）thealienstobeshort.（6）

__________________（假定）theproposalisaccepted，whenarewegoingtogetthemoney?

assumedassumptionassumedthatmakethe/anassumptionLet’sassumeAssumingthat詞匯二

reflectv.（1）仔細(xì)思考（2）表達(dá)意見（3）反映（4）反射（聲、光、熱等）◆教材原句...toactivelytakepartinthelearningprocessandtoreflectonwhatwehavelearnt.……積極參與學(xué)習(xí)過程并反思我們所學(xué)到的東西?！粢c(diǎn)必記reflecton/upon思考；反思 reflectdeeply深思reflectseriously認(rèn)真思索 reflectfromthewater由水里反射出reflectinthelake在湖里映出 reflectback反射回來reflectthereality反映現(xiàn)實(shí)◆詞語積累reflectionn.深思；想法；反射 reflectiveadj.沉思的，深思的◆單句語法填空

（1）Sean’sstrongloveforhiscountry____________（reflect）inhisrecentlypublishedpoems.（2）Weshouldreflect________thelikelyreactionsofthemarketbeforeweact.（3）Usuallyachild’sbehaviourisa________（reflect）ofhisfamilyenvironment.◆單句寫作

（4）Inmyview，themanagerhadenoughtime__________________（反思）hisfailure.（5）Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse，Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethat________________________（反映我的興趣）.isreflectedonreflectiontoreflectonreflectedmyinterest詞匯三

suggestdoingsth.建議做某事◆教材原句Isuggestdoingfivethingstotakeanactiveroleinyourlearning.為了積極主動地學(xué)習(xí)，我建議做五件事。◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）suggestdoingsth.（=advisedoingsth.）建議做某事suggestthatsb.（should）dosth.建議某人（應(yīng)該）做某事（2）make/offer/giveasuggestion提建議putforwardasuggestion提建議 askforone’ssuggestion征求某人的建議reject/adopt/acceptone’ssuggestion拒絕/采納/接受某人的建議◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥?suggest和suggestion表示“建議，提議”時(shí)，其后的名詞性從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語的形式為“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。?當(dāng)suggest意為“表明，暗示”時(shí)，后面的從句不使用虛擬語氣?！魡尉湔Z法填空

（1）Hispalefacesuggestedhe________（be）illandtheteachersuggestedthathe________（send）tothehospitalatonce.（2）Theevidencesuggeststhatsinglefathers________（be）morelikelytoworkthansinglemothers.（3）Whenweplanourvacation，Motheroftenofferspractical

____________（suggest）.（4）Thecommitteerejectedthesuggestionthathouses___________________（build）onthissite.◆單句寫作

（5）Tracey________________（建議碰面）foradrinkafterwork.（6）Mary__________________________（拒絕了他的建議）thattheykeepintouchwitheachotherafterthebreak-up.was（should）besentaresuggestions（should）bebuiltsuggestedmeetingrejectedhissuggestion詞匯四

arguev.爭論，爭吵◆教材原句Arguewithyourinnervoice與你內(nèi)心的聲音爭論◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）arguewithsb.about/oversth.因某事與某人爭吵（=haveanargumentwithsb.about/oversth.）arguefor主張……，據(jù)理力爭…… argueagainst反對……arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.說服某人做某事/不做某事（2）argumentn.爭吵；爭論；辯論；論據(jù)，理由，論點(diǎn)getintoanargument爭論/爭吵起來anargumentfor/against...支持/反對……的論據(jù)/理由◆單句語法填空

（1）Doyoueverargue_______yourfamily

___________whichTVprogramme

towatch?（2）Igotintoan

____________（argue）withafriendyesterday.◆單句寫作

（3）Theyarealways______________（與……爭吵）eachotheraboutmoney.（4）We____________________________（與……

爭吵）thewaiteraboutthebill.（5）They______________（據(jù)理力爭）therighttostrikebutfailed.withabout/overargumentarguingwithhadanargumentwitharguedfor詞匯五

flexibleadj.靈活的，可變通的◆教材原句Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.靈活處理你的意見，畢竟你最終可能會同意說話人或者作者的觀點(diǎn)。◆要點(diǎn)必記flexibleworkinghours彈性的工作時(shí)間aflexibleschedule一份靈活的計(jì)劃表flexibilityn.柔韌性；靈活性inflexibleadj.不可變通的，不靈活的◆單句語法填空

（1）Youneedtobe_____________（flexible）andimaginativeinyourapproachthanbefore.（2）Thejumpingeventsrequirespeed，spring，and

__________flexible）.◆單句寫作

（3）Ourplansneedto________________________（足夠變通）tocaterfortheneedsofeveryone.

moreflexibleflexibilitybeflexibleenough詞匯六

endupdoingsth.以做某事而告終◆教材原句Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.靈活處理你的意見，畢竟你最終可能會同意說話人或者作者的觀點(diǎn)?！粢c(diǎn)必記endupwith以……結(jié)束（后接表具體事物的名詞）endupin以……結(jié)束（后接表抽象概念的名詞及地點(diǎn)名詞）endupas最終成為……（后接表職位或身份的名詞）◆歸納拓展bringsth.toanend使某事結(jié)束 put/bringanendtosth.結(jié)束某事cometoanend結(jié)束 intheend最后，終于◆單句語法填空

（1）Theconferenceendedup_______（sign）noagreement.（2）Ifyougoonlikethis，you’llendup_______prison.（3）HestartedouttostudyFrench，butendup_______anEnglishtranslator.◆單句寫作

（4）Atfirsttheydislikedeachother，butthey____________________________（最終結(jié)婚）aftergoingthroughalottogether.（5）Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat，he’ll_____________________（總有一天會把命丟掉）.

signinginasendedupgettingmarriedendupdead詞匯七

promotevt.

促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)◆教材原句Askingquestionsistheeasiestwaytopromote

activelearning.提出問題是促進(jìn)主動學(xué)習(xí)最簡單的方法?！粢c(diǎn)必記promotesb.tosth.提升某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù) bepromotedto被提升為……promotesb.from...to...將某人從……升職到……getpromoted升職

promotionn.升職；提升achanceforpromotion晉升的機(jī)會◆單句語法填空

（1）Theaimoftheconferenceis____________（promote）internationalfriendship.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Joiningthefirmasaclerk，hegotrapid___________（promote），andendedupasamanager.◆單句寫作

（3）Hehas________________________（被提升為）generalmanager.（4）Hewillnotgiveupanychance________________________（升職）.topromotepromotionbeenpromotedtotogetpromoted詞匯八

workout

弄懂某事物；計(jì)算出◆教材原句Theanswerswillleadyoutofurtherlearning，andtheveryactofworkingoutquestionswillhelpyoutoachieveahigherlevelofunderstandingaboutthetopic.答案將引導(dǎo)你進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)，探究問題的過程將有助于你更好地理解該主題?！粢c(diǎn)必記workout一詞多義：（1）理解，弄明白，解決

（2）計(jì)算出；計(jì)算（3）鍛煉身體；做運(yùn)動（=exercise）

（4）成功發(fā)展（不及物動詞短語）；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果（5）想出，制訂出，產(chǎn)生◆歸納拓展turnout結(jié)果是 breakout爆發(fā) carryout執(zhí)行，實(shí)踐

makeout理解，弄清楚giveout放出；用完，耗盡 runout用完，耗盡◆猜測詞義

（1）Ifonewantstokeepfit，heshouldworkoutinsteadoftakingcertainpills._________（2）We’dbetterdiscusseverythingindetailbeforeweworkouttheplan._________（3）Thingshaveworkedoutquitewellforus.___________（4）Icouldn’tworkoutwherethemusicwascomingfrom.___________（5）I’mjusttryingtoworkouthowmuchIspendeachmonth.

_________◆單句寫作

（6）Ifyouwanttokeepfit，you____________（鍛煉）inagymregularly.（7）Teachersaresupposedtoteachteenagers________________________（如何解決）thepsychologicalproblems.（8）Hegothisfirstbookpublished.It____________（結(jié)果）tobeabestseller.

鍛煉，運(yùn)動制訂出產(chǎn)生結(jié)果弄明白計(jì)算workout

howtoworkoutturnedout詞匯九

inshort總而言之；簡單地說◆教材原句Inshort：Donotstopbeingcurious.簡而言之：一定要始終保持好奇心?！粢c(diǎn)必記beshortfor為……的縮寫/簡稱beshortof缺乏；不足forshort作為簡稱◆單句寫作

（1）_______________（簡單地說），Iwilldomybesttohelpmakethesportsmeetingasuccess.（2）He_____________________（缺乏）fundsrightnow.（3）UN_____________________（為……的縮寫）theUnitedNations.Inshortisshortofisshortfor詞匯十

attemptn.&vt.

努力，嘗試，企圖◆教材原句Theyattempttofindthetruthattheheartofeachidea.他們努力從每個(gè)觀點(diǎn)最核心的地方尋找真相?！粢c(diǎn)必記makean/noattempttodo/atdoing嘗試做……/

不嘗試做……inanattempttodo為了做……atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試attempttodo嘗試/試圖做……attemptedadj.未遂的，企圖的（置于名詞前作定語）◆單句語法填空

（1）Theteammadeanattempt_______climbingthemountainandfinallysucceeded.（2）Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe____________（attempt）murderlastnight.◆單句寫作

（3）Ifailedinmy____________________________（試圖說服她）.（4）Iwouldbethelast____________________________（嘗試回答）thequestion.atattemptedattempttopersuadeher

toattempttoanswer詞匯十一unlikelyadj.不可能的◆教材原句Evenwhenanideasoundsentirelyunlikely，theremaybeanaspectofitthatisbasedontruth.即使某個(gè)想法聽起來完全不可能，其中也可能有某個(gè)方面是基于事實(shí)的?！粢c(diǎn)必記beunlikelytodosth.不可能做某事Itisunlikelythat...不可能……belikelytodosth.可能做某事Itislikelythat...可能……◆單句語法填空

（1）Duringthedaytime，thefrighteningcreatureisunlikely_________（appear）onthesurfaceofthelake.（2）_______isunlikelythatthey’llturnupnow—it’snearlyteno’clock.◆單句寫作

（3）

_______________________（不可能……）shewasonthespot.Shewaswithmethen.（4）Ithoughtthey____________________________（不可能贏）thematch，butIwaswrong.toappearIt

Itisunlikelythat

wereunlikelytowin詞匯十二

bebasedon以……為根據(jù)◆教材原句Evenwhenanideasoundsentirelyunlikely，theremaybeanaspectofitthatisbasedontruth.即使某個(gè)想法聽起來完全不可能，其中也可能有某個(gè)方面是基于事實(shí)的?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）basevt.

以……為根據(jù)/基地

n.基部；基礎(chǔ)；基地；總部base...on/upon...使……以……為根據(jù) atthebaseof...在……底部theairbase空軍基地（2）basisn.基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)；基點(diǎn)：onthebasisof在某事的基礎(chǔ)上；根據(jù)某事onaregularbasis定期地，經(jīng)常地onadailybasis每天（3）basicadj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的；初級的；必需的basicallyadv.基本上；從根本上說◆單句語法填空

（1）Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopinions_______facts.（2）Theysettleddown_______thebaseofthemountain.（3）Theresearchgroupproducedtworeports_______（base）onthesurvey，butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.（4）Criticssaytheseprogrammesare_______（basic）badtelevision，butpeoplewatchthem.◆單句寫作

（5）Hisfirstbooktobepublishednextmonth__________________（以……為基礎(chǔ)）atruestory.（6）

________________________________（根據(jù)……做重要決定）moreonemotionthanonreason，youwillregretitsoonerorlater.（7）____________（基于）atruestory，themoviemovedalargeaudience.on

at

based

basically

isbasedon

BasinganimportantdecisionBasedon詞匯十三

existvi.存在；實(shí)際上有◆教材原句Soifsomeonesaysthatdinosaursstillexisttoday，thinkaboutwhytheybelievethis.因此，如果有人說現(xiàn)在還有恐龍，那就想一下他們?yōu)槭裁磿嘈胚@一種觀點(diǎn)◆要點(diǎn)必記existon靠……生存/生活 existin存在于……中Thereexists/existed...某地有……；存在……existencen.存在；生存：comeintoexistence/being開始存在existingadj.目前的，現(xiàn)存的（只用于名詞前）◆誤區(qū)警示exist只用作不及物動詞，因此不用于被動語態(tài)，且通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)?！魡尉湔Z法填空

（1）Theycan’texist________themoneyhe’searning.（2）Inancienttimes，peoplewho________（exist）inthewildlivedahardlife.（3）Thereexistsagoodwaytosolvethe________（exist）problemingeography.（4）Itisreportedthatthissubstancecameinto________（exist）about100millionyearsago.◆單句寫作

（5）Nowadays，therearestillmanypeoplewonderingwhentheearth_____________________________（產(chǎn)生）.（6）________________（存在）aproblemnowadaysthatmanyyoungpeopledon’twanttolivewiththeirparents.

onexistedexistingexistencecameintoexistence/beingThereexists詞匯十四

ignorevt.

忽視；置之不理◆教材原句Theyrefusetolearnorignorewhatissaid...他們拒絕學(xué)習(xí)或者忽視所說的內(nèi)容……◆要點(diǎn)必記ignorethedifference忽視差異ignoreone’sadvice/warning不理會某人的建議/警告ignorepersonaldanger不顧個(gè)人安危ignorethefactthat...忽略……的事實(shí)◆單句寫作（1）我們不能不考慮他們的勸告。_____________________________________________（2）你不能忽視中國越來越強(qiáng)大的事實(shí)。_____________________________________________________________________Wecan’taffordtoignoretheiradvice.Youcan’tignorethefactthatChinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.詞匯十五

impressionn.印象；感想◆教材原句Activelearnersdonotjudgepeoplebasedonfirstimpressionsorpersonalfeelings.主動學(xué)習(xí)者不會根據(jù)第一印象或個(gè)人感受來判斷人。◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）leave/makea（n）...impressiononsb.給某人留下……的印象firstimpression第一印象（2）impressvt.

給……留下深刻印象impresssb.withsth.某事/物給某人留下深刻印象beimpressedwith/by對……印象深刻 impresssth.onsb.使某人了解/意識到……（3）impressiveadj.令人欽佩的，令人贊嘆的◆單句語法填空

（1）Myfirst___________（impress）ofherwasthatshewasanenthusiasticwoman.（2）Thefilmisso___________（impress）thatwecan’thelpcrying.◆單句寫作

（3）I_____________________（對……

印象深刻）herseriousattitudetoacademicresearchwhenreadinganarticleyesterday.（4）ThefirsttimeIsawhim，hissenseofhumour

a

___________________________________（給……留下深刻的印象）me.impressionimpressivewasimpressedby/withleft/madeadeepimpressionon重點(diǎn)句式句式一

while連接并列句◆教材原句Yourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions，whiletheoutervoicetellsyouaboutopinionsfromwhatyouhearorread.內(nèi)心的聲音表達(dá)你的個(gè)人意見，而外部的聲音告訴你關(guān)于你聽到或者讀到的觀點(diǎn)?！粢c(diǎn)必記·while作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表前后意義上的對比或轉(zhuǎn)折?！hile作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。·while作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”，常常置于句首?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）_______onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.（2）ShemetAndywhile_________（work）onaproductionofCarmen.◆單句寫作（3）湯姆很擅長理科，而他的弟弟絕對是沒有希望的。_______________________________________________________（4）盡管我愿意幫忙，但是我沒有多少時(shí)間可用。_______________________________________________________WhileworkingTom’sverygoodatscience，whilehisbrotherisabsolutelyhopeless.WhileIamwillingtohelp，Idonothavemuchtimeavailable.句式二祈使句+and+陳述句◆教材原句Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.靈活處理你的意見，你最終可能會同意說話人或者作者的觀點(diǎn)。◆要點(diǎn)必記在“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”句式中，祈使句表示條件，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，陳述句表示結(jié)果。表示順承關(guān)系時(shí)用and，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時(shí)用or。Takeregularexercise，andyou’llkeepfit.=Ifyoutakeregularexercise，you’llkeepfit.經(jīng)常鍛煉，你就會保持健康。Hurryup，orwe’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup，we’llbelate.抓緊時(shí)間，不然我們要遲到了◆單句語法填空

（1）Giveblood，_______you’llsavemanylives.（2）Onemorehour，_______I’llgettheworkfinished.（3）Listentotheteachercarefully，_______youcan’tcatchwhatheissaying.◆單句寫作（4）再試一次，你就會成功。

_______________________________________________（5）聽醫(yī)生的建議吧，否則你會咳嗽得更厲害。_______________________________________________andandorAnotherattempt，andyouwillmakeit.

Followyourdoctor’sadvice，oryourcoughwillgetevenworse.句式三“nomatter+疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句◆教材原句Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea，nomatterhowcrazyitseems，youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.如果你試圖找出一個(gè)想法的來源，無論這個(gè)想法看起來多么不可思議，你都更有機(jī)會學(xué)到一些東西。◆要點(diǎn)必記·nomatter意為“不管，無論”，與what/who/when/where/how等疑問詞連用，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however等?！hatever，whichever，whoever既可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，又可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，不可以替換為“nomatter+what/which/who”的形式?！魡尉湔Z法填空

（1）Nomatter_______hardtherainfallsandthewindblows，thepolicekeeptotheirposts.（2）I’mconvincedthatwecanovercomeanydifficulty，

__________itis.（3）Iwouldliketoread___________bookyourecommend.◆單句寫作（4）不管你如何小心，這些東西都維持不了很久。___________________________________________________________（5）無論什么時(shí)間，你到了那兒就給我打電話。___________________________________________________________howwhateverwhicheverThesethingsdon’tlastlongnomatterhowcarefulyouare.Callmewhenyougetthere，nomatterwhatthetimeis.句式四It+be+adj.+that..◆教材原句Itistruethatwecannothelpdislikingsomepeople—thisishumannature，afterall.確實(shí)，我們難免會不喜歡某些人——畢竟這是人的本性?！艟涫椒治鯥t是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。常用于此句型的形容詞有clear，true，obvious，possible，strange，likely，certain，fortunate，surprising，important，necessary等?！魵w納拓展it代替that引導(dǎo)的主語從句作形式主語的其他常見句型：?It+be+名詞（afact，apity，awonder，ashame，anhonour

等）+that...?It+be+過去分詞（said，known，announced，believed，reported，suggested，advised，required等）+that...◆單句語法填空

（1）_______isoftenthecasethatanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.（2）Itisobvioustothestudents_______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.◆單句寫作（3）很明顯他對公司的未來是很樂觀的。_______________________________________________________________（4）盜賊很可能不知道此物的價(jià)值。

____________________________thethievesdon’tknowhowmuchitisworth.（5）據(jù)報(bào)道，洪水已使大約2000人無家可歸。

____________________________thefloodshaveleftabouttwothousandpeoplehomeless.ItthatItisclearthatheisoptimisticaboutthecompany’sfuture.

It’smostlikelythatItisreportedthat完成“綜合練·提升能力”中的題目綜合練·提升能力單元語法——接動名詞或不定式的動詞要點(diǎn)一只接動名詞作賓語的動詞及動詞短語◆要點(diǎn)必記

（1）請牢記下面的口訣：考慮建議盼原諒（consider，suggest/advise，lookforwardto，excuse）承認(rèn)推遲沒得想（admit，delay/putoff，fancy）避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練（avoid，miss，keep/keepon，practise）否認(rèn)完成就欣賞（deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate）禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)（forbid，imagine，risk）不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡（can’thelp，mind，allow/permit，escape）難以忍受始反對（can’tstand，getdownto，objectto）想要成功堅(jiān)持忙（feellike，succeedin，stickto/insiston，bebusyin）習(xí)慣放棄有困難（beusedto，giveup，havedifficultyin）導(dǎo)致專心防道歉（leadto，devote...to，prevent...from，apologise

for）題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法（2）動名詞主動形式表被動意義need/want/requiredoing=need/want/requiretobedone需要被……deservepunishing=deservetobepunished應(yīng)受懲罰beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone=beworthytobedone值得做……（3）固定句型：Thereisnopointindoingsth.做某事是沒有意義的。Thereisnopossibilityofdoingsth.做某事是不可能的。（4）動詞+it+賓補(bǔ)+doingsth.六個(gè)常用動詞：make，feel，find，consider，believe，think常用賓補(bǔ)：useless/nouse/nogood/awasteoftime/nopleasureIthinkituseless/nousedoingsth.我認(rèn)為做某事沒有用?！魡尉湔Z法填空

（1）Jeansuggested________（ask）herfatherforhisopinion.（2）Sheadmitted__________________（do）wrong.（3）Nobodyshoulddelay__________（hand）intheessay.（4）Trytoavoid________（make）mistakeswhilegivingthedescriptionaboutthecase.

（5）Sheinsistedon________（check）everythingherself.（6）Iappreciate________（get）suchagoodchancetoimprovemyacademiclevel.（7）Wearegoingtopractise________（park）.（8）

Ican’thelp________（be）angryabouthisrudebehaviour.askingdoing/havingdonehandingmakingcheckinggettingbeingparking(9)Ifyouthinkyouaresickyoushouldnotputoff_______（go）tothedoctor.(10)Theyobjectedto_______（leave）insuchahurry.(11)Wedonotpermit_______（smoke）intheroom.(12)Doyoufeellike_______（have）awordwithhimandtrytoclearupmisunderstanding?(13)Wehavemuchdifficultyin_______（contact）ourpreviousfriends.(14)I’mgoingtogetdownto_______（study）Englishthisterm.(15)Welookforwardto_______（bring）innewtechnology.goingleavingsmokingcontactingstudyingbringinghaving◆單句寫作(16)Aboutone-thirdofthebooks_______________________________________（值得一讀）.(17)__________________________（沒有意義）discussinghowlongthedisasterwilllast.(18)__________________________（我感覺……是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間）arguingwithhimaboutthematter.(19)AnyonewhobreakstherulebydesignintheOlympicGames__________________________（應(yīng)受懲罰）.areworthreading/areworthyofbeingread/areworthytobereadThereisnopoint（in）Ifeltitawasteoftimedeservespunishing/tobepunished要點(diǎn)二既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞及動詞短語◆要點(diǎn)必記

（1）下列動詞（短語）既可以接動名詞作賓語，也可以接不定式作賓語，但意義上有很大區(qū)別。（2）動詞like，dislike，hate，love，prefer后接動名詞和不定式作賓語均可。如果表示經(jīng)常性的習(xí)慣行為，常用動名詞；如果表示具體的一次性的行為，常用不定式。（3）動詞begin，start后接動名詞和不定式作賓語時(shí)意義差別不大，但在以下三種情況下，只接不定式：（1）begin，start的主語是物時(shí)。（2）begin，start本身用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)。（3）begin，start后接的是表示人的精神狀況或心理活動的動詞，如feel，realise，understand，wonder，know等時(shí)?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）Don’tforget________（turn）offthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.（2）Hesaidheregrettednot

_______________（be）abletohelp.（3）Hehasbeentrying________（solve）theproblem.（4）Seeingtheteenagers，Ican’thelp________（think）backtomyboyhood.（5）Hewillneverforget

_________________（be）insuchanembarrassingsituation.（6）Adamforgot

_______________（make）anappointmentwithmeyesterday.Iwaitedhimthewholeafternoon.（7）Iregret________（tell）youthatyoucan’tbemyassistantforyourbrokenEnglish.（8）Thesenewordersforourproductswillmean________（work）overtime.toturn

being/havingbeentosolvethinkingbeing/havingbeenmaking/havingmadetotellworking(9)Stop________（search）foranswersonthewebsite.Youshouldworkthemathsproblemsoutbyyourself.(10)I’msorryforwhatIhavedone.Ididn’tmean________（make）youembarrassed.(11)Idislikemywife________（go）outoften.(12)Hepreferred________（die）ratherthansteal.(13)Ilike________（swim），butIdon’tlike________（swim）thisafternoon.(14)Crosstalksareanartformpeoplelove________（see）andhear.(15)TheywerewalkingsoslowlythatIbegan________（feel）bored.searchingtomakegoingtodieswimmingtoswimtoseetofeel◆單句寫作(16)Please_________________________________________（記得給我打個(gè)電話）whenyougetthere.(17)I_____________________________（非常遺憾地說）thatheisbadlyill.(18)I’mverybusyandI_________________________________________（不能幫助整理教室）.(19)Tom_____________________________（開始學(xué)）howtousethecomputer.remembertogivemeaphonecallregrettosaycan’thelptotidytheclassroombeganlearning/tolearn要點(diǎn)三后接不定式作賓語的動詞◆要點(diǎn)必記

（1）接不定式作賓語的動詞：decide/determine

learn

want決心學(xué)會想；expect/hope

refuse

manage

wish希望拒絕設(shè)法愿；pretend

offer

promise

choose

plan假裝主動許諾選計(jì)劃；agree

ask/beg

help同意請求幫助（2）不定式作介詞but，except的賓語·前有do，后省to：Ihavenothingtodobutdependonmyself.我沒有辦法，只好依靠自己?！で懊鏇]有do，后面就帶to：Hehasnochoicebuttogivein.除了讓步，他別無選擇。（3）動詞+it+形容詞/名詞+todosth.六個(gè)常用動詞：make，feel，find，consider，believe，thinkIfinditdifficulttospeakEnglishfluently.我發(fā)現(xiàn)要能流利地說英語是很難的?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）Whenhisfathersteppedintohisroom，hepretended_____________（study）.（2）Allthepeopleintheworldexpect_________（live）inapeacefulcountry.（3）Hestillrefused_________（give）astatementtothepolicealthoughhehadbeenputintoprison.（4）Ihaveoffered_________（paint）thehouseinexchangeforaweek’saccommodation.

◆單句寫作（5）Heusedtohavenothingtodobut__________________________（整天看電視）.（6）Weall_____________________（認(rèn)為這很遺憾）forHollandtolosethematch.（7）He______________________（把讀……當(dāng)成常規(guī)）Englishaloudeverymorning.(8)We______________________（感覺這是我們的責(zé)任）makeourcountryabetterplace.tobestudyingtolivetogivetopaintwatchTValldaylongthinkitapitymakesitaruletoreadfeelitourdutyto基礎(chǔ)知識自測Ⅰ◆單句語法填空1.［2017·全國Ⅲ卷］Asearlyas1966，biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsider_____________（reintroduce）wolvestoYellowstonePark.2.［2018·浙江卷］Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown，offer

______________（collect）mailandnewspapers.3.［2016·北京卷］Newexperiencesoftenmean

_________（take）somerisks，soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.4.［2019·北京卷］Afterwards，sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner，whofinallyagreed____________（sell）Moore’sproduct—CanCandy.5.［2017·浙江卷11月］ThebushitalamppostanditbroketheglassonthefrontdoorbeforeHarvoldmanaged

____________（bring）thebustoastop.6.［2017·北京卷］Thepossibilityof

__________（enter）intoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.7.［2016·北京卷］Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward，theriskseemsworth_________（take）.綜合練練·提升能力reintroducingto

collecttaking

to

sell

to

bringentering

taking8.［2016·北京卷］Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimeto________（help）othersrebuild.9.［2015·北京卷］—Didyouhavedifficulty________（find）Ann’shouse?—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.10.［2018·北京卷］Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoid

________（pay）forparking.11.［2017·全國Ⅲ卷］Lotsofpeoplefindithard________（get）upinthemorning，andputtheblameonthealarmclock.12.［2017·浙江卷］Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthem________（calm）downandsleep.13.［2019·全國Ⅱ