【牛津（廣州，深圳，沈陽）版】九年級下U4Naturaldisasters（B卷·提升能力）學校：__________班級：__________姓名：_________考號：___________溫馨提示：本試卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，第Ⅰ卷為選擇題；第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題；滿分為100分，考試時間為100分鐘。第Ⅰ卷選擇題語法選擇(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)Forestfireisoneofthemajordisastersintheworld.Everyyear,manyfiresbreakoutindifferentplacesoftheworld.1forestfiresbreakoutinChinaeachyear.whichhavedestroyedlotsofforestsandhouses.Somebigfireshaveeventakenpeople'slivesaway.Therearemainlytwocausesoftheforestfires：humanactivitiesandnature.Mostoftheforestfires2bypeople.Peoplewhogocampingorhikingmayfail3outtheircampfirecompletely.Somepeoplemayleavetheburningcigarettes（香煙）intheforest4.Peoplearen'ttheonlyones___5____startforestfires.Nature6alsocauseseriousfireaccidentsinthewayofalightningstrike（雷擊）.What’sworse，7theweatherisdryandhot.thefiremayspreadveryfastandbecomeoutofcontrol.OnMarch30th,2019,therewas8bigforestfireinMuliCounty,SichuanProvince.9wasreportedthatthefirewascausedbylightning.Morethansixhundredfiremenwenttotheforesttoputoutthefire.However,thewindsuddenly10stronglyandchangeditsdirection,whichledtofireexplosion（爆燃）.Thefiremenfought___11____thebigfirebravely.Sadlythirty-onepeoplewerekilledintheaccident,___12___twenty-sevenforestfiremenandfourlocals.The13firemanwasonlyeighteenyearsold.ToProtecttheforestandkeepyourselvessafe,youshouldn'tleave14thatmaycausefireintheforest.Whenyouseeafire.15tocall119andleavetheforestassoonaspossible.1.A.Thousandof B.Thousandsof C.Athousands D.Athousandof2.A.arecaused B.caused C.cause D.havecaused3.A.putting B.put C.toput D.tobeput4.A.careful B.care C.careless D.carelessly5.A.what B.who C.which D.why6.A.can B.should C.must D.shall7.A.although B.if C.because D.but8.A.a B.an C.the D./9.A.This B.That C.Which D.It10.A.blowing B.blows C.blew D.toblow11.A.against B.for C.into D.through12.A.included B.including C.includes D.include13.A.youth B.young C.younger D.youngest14.A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something15.A.remember B.remembering C.toremember D.remembers【答案】BACDBACADCABDCA【解析】本文敘述森林火災的原因危害及防止的方法。1.B考查數(shù)詞用法。句意：中國每年發(fā)生數(shù)千起森林火災。數(shù)以千計的thousandsof固定搭配。故選B。2.A考查被動語態(tài)用法。句意：大部分森林火災是由人引起的。森林火災被引起用被動。故選A3.C考查不定式用法。failtodosth，做某事不成功，失敗。故選C4.D考查副詞用法。句意：有些人可能不小心把燃燒的香煙留在森林里。修飾動詞用副詞。carelessly粗心地故選D5.B考查定語從句用法。句意：引發(fā)森林火災的不僅僅是人。先行詞是ones指人用who，故選B6.A考查情態(tài)動詞用法。句意：大自然也會以雷擊的方式造成嚴重的火災事故。表示“能會”用情態(tài)動詞can故選A。7.C考查連詞用法。句意：更糟的是，因為天氣又干又熱?；饎菘赡苈拥煤芸於タ刂?。前后句子是因果關(guān)系，故選C。8.A考查冠詞的用法。句意：2019年3月30日，四川省木里縣發(fā)生特大森林火災。表示一類人或物用不定冠詞。故選A。9.D考查代詞用法。句意：據(jù)報道火災是由閃電引起的。據(jù)報道。。。據(jù)說。。。itisreported/itissaid。。故選D10.C考查時態(tài)用法。句意：然而，風突然猛烈地刮了起來，改變了方向，導致了火災爆炸。敘述過去發(fā)生的事情用過去時態(tài)。故選C。11.A考查介詞用法。句意：消防隊員勇敢地與大火搏斗。與。。。作斗爭用against。故選A12.B考查用法。句意：不幸的是，31人在事故中喪生，包括27名森林消防員和4名當?shù)厝?。including介詞,一般用在逗號后面,這個是標志,或者是冒號的前面,總之,是用標點隔開用的,故選B。13.D考查形容詞最高級用法。句意：最小的消防員只有十八歲。在犧牲的消防員中間用最高級。故選D14.C考查不定代詞用法。句意：為了保護森林和你們自己的安全，你們不應(yīng)該把任何可能引起火災的東西留在森林里。Anything任何東西，用于疑問句和否定句中。故選C15.A考查祈使句用法。句意：當你看到火的時候。記得打119，盡快離開森林。祈使句用動詞原形。故選A二、完形填空閱讀短文，掌握大意，選出最佳選項。（共10小題，每小題1分,共10分）Ishallneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquaketookplace.Thetimewas5：15intheafternoonandIwasdrivingalongtheroadto__16__mydaughterfromschool.Ourplanwastogo__17__together.Ihadfinishedworkatabout4o’clockandthengonetothepostoffice.ThenIstoppedoffatashopinordertogetsome___18___fruit.Weliketohavesomefruittoeatafterourswimwhenwewouldfeeltired.Iwasdrivingalongahighroadonmywaytotheschool.Overmyroadwasanotherwayforcarscomingtheotherway.Iwas__19_soIputthebagofapplesintheseatbesidemeandstartedtoeatone.SuddenlyIsawthecarsinfrontofmestarttomovefromsidetoside.Isloweddown.Then__20__startedtoshake.Ididn’tknowwhatwashappening.Perhapssomethinghadgonewrongwithmycar.Idroveevenslower.Istoppedthecarandatthesamemomenttheroadfellontothecarsinfrontofme.Ifoundmyselfinthedark.Icouldn’tmove.Thebottompartsofbothmylegsandmy__21__werehurtingbadlyandIcouldn’tmovethem.Allaroundmewas__22__.ButabovemeIcouldhearshoutsandalotofnoise.ThenIrememberedwhathadhappened.Ihadbeeninanearthquake.Forabouttwohoursnobodycame.LuckilyIcould__23__thebagofapples，soatleastIhadplentytoeat.ThenIheardpeopleclimbingtowardsme.Ateamofpeoplehadcometoseeifanyonewasunderthebroken__24__Icalledout!“I’mhere!”Iheardashout，soonastrangerclimbedtothesideofthebridgenearmycar，“Howareyoudoing?”heasked.“Nottoobad，”Isaid，“butmyfeetandlegs__25__asif(似乎)they’rebroken.”“We’llhaveyououtoftherejustassoonaswecan，”hesaid.Theydidn’tgetmeoutuntilthenextmorning.Ihadbeeninmycarfor14hours.16．A．takeup B．bringup C．pickup D．sendup17．A．skating B．shopping C．sightseeing D．swimming18．A．fresh B．dried C．expensive D．cheap19．A．happy B．hungry C．surprised D．excited20．A．theroad B．myhands C．myfeet D．mycar21．A．hands B．a(chǎn)rms C．feet D．fingers22．A．quiet B．dark C．cold D．noisy23．A．see B．reach C．catch D．hold24．A．railway B．trees C．car D．road25．A．a(chǎn)ppear B．feel C．seem D．look【答案】CDABDCABDB【解析】試題分析：短文大意：本文具體描述了自己在去女兒學校的路上遇見了地震的情況，描述了地震發(fā)生時，上方的路倒塌，壓倒了下面路上的汽車，導致很大的破壞的細節(jié)。16．C考查動詞短語及語境理解。句意：下午5：15，我開車去學校接我女兒。takeup占用；開始從事；接受；bringup提出；養(yǎng)育；pickup撿起；接載；sendup發(fā)射。Pickupsb.fromschool從學校接某人，所以選C。17．D考查動詞及語境理解。句意：我們的計劃是去游泳。Skating滑冰；shopping購物；sightseeing觀光；swimming游泳。根據(jù)下文的Weliketohavesomefruittoeatafterourswim判斷，此處應(yīng)為goswimming，所以選D。18．A考查形容詞及語境理解。句意：為了買一些新鮮的水果我在一個商店前停了車。Fresh新鮮的；dried干的；expensive昂貴的；cheap便宜的。根據(jù)句意可知該選A。19．B考查形容詞及語境理解。句意：我餓了，所以我把那袋蘋果放在座位旁開始吃。Happy愉快的；hungry饑餓的；surprised驚奇的；excited興奮的。根據(jù)下文的startedtoeat推斷，此處應(yīng)為hungry。20．D考查名詞及語境理解。句意：然后我的車開始搖動。theroad路；myhands我的手；myfeet我的腳；mycar我的車。因為他正在駕駛汽車，所以他感到震動的是汽車。故選D。21．C考查名詞及語境理解。句意：我的腿和腳底部痛得厲害，我不能動了。hands手；arms胳膊；feet腳；fingers手指。前面是bothmylegs，所以此處為feet，腿與腳是相連的整體。所以選C。22．A考查形容詞及語境理解。句意：我的周圍靜靜的。quiet安靜的；dark黑暗的；cold冷的；noisy吵鬧的。根據(jù)下句ButabovemeIcouldhearshoutsandalotofnoise.可知該選A。23．B考查動詞及語境理解。句意：幸運的是，我可以夠到蘋果袋，至少我有足夠的東西吃。See看見；reach到達；catch抓住；hold握。根據(jù)句意結(jié)合語境可知該選B。24．D考查名詞及語境理解。句意：一個團隊的人來看看在破損的路下是否有人。Railway鐵路；trees樹；car小汽車；road路。根據(jù)句意結(jié)合語境可知該選D。25．B考查動詞及語境理解。句意：但我的腳和腿覺得厲害，好像折了。appear出現(xiàn)；feel覺得；seem似乎，好像；look看。根據(jù)句意結(jié)合語境可知該選B。三、閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIfyou’veneverlivedinAsia,youmightbewonderingwhatitfeelsliketoexperienceatyphoon.Butifyou’veeversurvivedahurricaneortropicalcyclone(熱帶氣旋),youalreadyknowtheanswer.That’sbecausehurricanes,cyclonesandtyphoonsareallthesamenaturalactivity.Sowhat’sthedifference?Scientistsjustcallthesestormsdifferentthingsdependingonwheretheyhappen.IntheAtlanticandnorthernPacific,thestormsarecalled“hurricanes”,whichwerenamedafterthebadCaribbeangodcalledHurrican.InthenorthwesternPacific,thesamepowerfulstormsarecalled“typhoons”.IntheIndianOceanandsouthwesternPacific,theyarecalled“tropicalcyclones”.Tobeconsideredasahurricane,typhoon,orcyclone,astormmustreachwindspeedsofatleast74milesperhour(119kilometresperhour).Ifahurricane’swindspeedreaches111milesperhour(179kilometresperhour),itbecomesa“stronghurricane”.Ifatyphoonhits150milesperhour(241kilometresperhour),asUsagidid,thenitbecomesa“supertyphoon”.TheAtlantichurricaneseasonrunsfromJunethroughNovember,whilethetyphoonandcycloneseasonsarealittlebitdifferent.InthenortheasternPacific,themainseasonrunsfromMaytoNovember.InthenorthwesternPacific,typhoonsaremostcommonfromlateJunethroughDecember.AndthenorthernIndianOceanseescyclonesfromApriltoDecember.Whateveryouchoosetocallthem,thesestormsarepowerfulenoughtocausesomeseriousdamage.AccordingtoNOAA’sNationalHurricaneCenter,thegeneralhurricaneeye—thestillcentrewherepressure(壓力)isthelowestandairtemperatureisthehighest—covers30miles(48kilometres)across,withsomegrowingaslargeas120miles(200kilometres)wide.Thestrongeststormshavekeptwindsover155milesperhour(250kilometresperhour).Butwiththehelpofsatellitesandcomputers,suchstormscanbeknownseveraldaysahead,thoughit’sstilldifficulttoknowtheirexactroute.26.Hurricanes,cycloneandtyphoon_________.A.happenindifferentareas.B.happenindifferenttimeC.causedifferentproblemsD.aredifferentnaturaldisater.27.Inthe_______,thepowerfulstormsarecalled“typhoons”.A.IndianOcean B.northwesternPacificC.northernPacific D.Atlantic28.Astronghurricanecanreachthespeedof_______kilometresperhour.A.74 B.119 C.179 D.24129.CycloneswouldprobablyhappeninthenortheasternPacificduring______.A.February B.April C.October D.December30.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thetemperatureofthehurricaneeyeisthelowest.B.Thehurricaneeyecovers200mileswide.C.Thestrongeststormscanbeover250milesperhour.D.Wecanknowthestormbeforeithappensbysatellites.【答案】ABCCD【解析】本文敘述颶風的形成及危害。26.細節(jié)理解題。從第一段Scientistsjustcallthesestormsdifferentthingsdependingonwheretheyhappen.發(fā)生地方不同稱呼不同。故答案選A27.細節(jié)理解題。從第二段InthenorthwesternPacific,thesamepowerfulstormsarecalled“typhoons”可知答案選B28.細節(jié)理解題。從第三段。Ifahurricane’swindspeedreaches111milesperhour(179kilometresperhour),itbecomesa“stronghurricane”.答案選C29.細節(jié)理解題。從第四段。InthenortheasternPacific,themainseasonrunsfromMaytoNovember故答案選C30.判斷題。從Butwiththehelpofsatellitesandcomputers,suchstormscanbeknownseveraldaysahead,thoughit’sstilldifficulttoknowtheirexactroute.但是在衛(wèi)星和計算機的幫助下，這樣的風暴可以在幾天前被發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管仍然很難知道它們的確切路線。答案選DBImagineaperfectday:theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When,suddenly,yourmobilephonelosesitssignal,thetelevisionhasnoprograms,andyoucan’tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened?Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolarstorm（太陽風暴）mightcause.Youmaynotthinkofstormsasputtingoursocietyindanger.Buttoday,asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents,suchasearthquakes.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太陽耀斑）largeexplosions（爆炸）nearthesunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)）thatcontrolourcomputers,telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Inthepastfewmonths,scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.ThemostrecentonehappenedaroundValentine’sDay,2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.“Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe’veseeninthepast.We’renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower,itcouldbehalfofthecountry,maybemore.”SolarStormW,aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather,warned.Scientistssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm,althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.31．Whataresolarflaresaccordingtothepassage?A．Telecomnetworks. B．Solarstorms.C．Largeexplosionsnearthesun. D．USwebsites.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“signal”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Electricity. B．Music. C．Light. D．Sign.33．Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings?①Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.

②Peoplecannotgetonlinewiththeircomputers.③Solarstormshappen.

④Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．①②③④ B．①③④② C．③①②④ D．③②①④34．WhydidtheradioandsatellitesignalsgodowninsomenortherncitiesinChinainFebruary,2011?A．Becauseastrongsunflarehappened. B．Becauseanearthquakehappened.C．Becauseasolarstormstopped. D．Becausethesatellitesystemsdidn’twork.35．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Askingpeopletopreventthesolarstormfromhappening.B．Tellingpeoplehowtosolvetheproblemscausedbysolarstorms.C．Callingforscientiststopredictwhenthenextsolarstormwillhappen.D．Introducingwhatsolarstormsaretopeople.【答案】CDBAD【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的自然災害——太陽風暴。太陽風暴是由太陽耀斑引起的，它發(fā)生時會干擾網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信系統(tǒng)，導致斷網(wǎng)，斷電，手機沒信號等。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares:largeexplosionsnearthesunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.”可知，太陽風暴是太陽附近的大爆炸，故選C。32．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“yourmobilephonelosesitssignal,thetelevisionhasnoprograms,andyoucan’tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.”可知這個時候電視沒有節(jié)目，電腦不能上網(wǎng)，可推知此處指手機沒有信號，劃線單詞意為：信號，與sign同義。故選D。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares(太陽耀斑):largeexplosions(爆炸)nearthesunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy…Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.”可知太陽風暴是由太陽耀斑引起的，太陽附近產(chǎn)生大爆炸，釋放大量的能量，這個強大的能量阻止衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)，這些衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)控制我們的電腦，所以太陽風暴之后會造成不能上網(wǎng)。故正確的順序是先發(fā)生太陽耀斑，太陽耀斑引起太陽風暴，之后產(chǎn)生的能量會阻止衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)，進而造成不能上網(wǎng)。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Inthepastfewmonths,scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.ThemostrecentonehappenedaroundValentine’sDay,2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.”可知，2011年2月，中國北方一些城市的無線電和衛(wèi)星信號下降，因為發(fā)生了強烈的太陽耀斑。故選A。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了太陽風暴以及其造成的后果。故選D。CIn1845,adeadlydiseasestruckIreland,killingalltheLumperpotatoplants.Inanotherplaceortime,thedeathofsinglecropspecies(物種)mightnothavebeensoimportant.ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine(饑荒).Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderarea.Overthecenturies,farmershavediscoveredthousandsofdifferentspeciesoffoodcrops.However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.TofeedthesevenbillionpeopleonEarth,mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsandfarmingonlyspeciesofanimalsthatareeasytoproduceinlargenumbers.InthePhilippines,therewereoncethousandsofvarietiesofrice:nowfewerthan100aregrownthere.InChina,90%ofthewheatvarietiesgrownjustacenturyagohavedisappeared.Scientistsbelievethatoverthepastcentury,morethanhalfoftheworld'sfoodvarietiesdisappeared.Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandstoretheseedsasmanydifferentplantvarietiesaswecanbeforetheydisappear.TheideawasfirstsuggestedbyRussianscientistNikolayVavilov.Inthe1920sand1930s,hecollectedaround400,000seedsfromfivecontinents.Morerecently,othersarecontinuingtheworkhebegan.IntheUSstateofIowa,DianeOttWhealywantedtoprotecthistoricplantvarieties,liketheseedshergreat–grandfatherbroughttotheUSfromGermanymorethanahundredyearsago.SheandherhusbandstartedaplacecalledHeritageFarm,wherepeoplecanstoreandtradeseeds.Moreimportantly,thepeopleatHeritageFarmdon'tjuststoretheseeds,theyplantthem.Bydoingthis,theyarereintroducingfoodsintothemarketplacethathaven'tbeengrownforyears.Thesefoodspeciesarenotjustspecialintermsofappearanceortaste.Theyalsoofferfarmersfoodsolutionsforthefuture,fromthepast.36.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Thefactthatmanyfoodspeciesaredyingout.B.Theneedtoprotectpotatoesfromdisappearing.C.Thewaystoincreasethenumberoffoodspecies.D.Thewaystopreventfoodspeciesfromdisappearing.37.Theunderlinedword"solely"inParagraph1isinclosestmeaningto________.A.usually B.only C.rarely D.occasionally38.Whyaresomescientistsworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain?A.Becausepeopledependoncertainspeciesoffoodcrops.B.Becausethesamedeadlydiseasemayattackcropsagain.C.Becausetheworld'spopulationislargerthanthatin1845.D.Becausefarmersgrowthesamepotatoesasthoseinthepast.39.NikolayVavilovwasthefirstpersonwho________.A.storedandplantedseeds B.realizedtheseriousproblemC.suggestedcollectingplantseeds D.worriedafaminecouldhappenagain40.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ThediseasespreadveryquicklyandkilledthousandsofpeopleinIreland.B.Around80percentofthericevarietiesinthePhilippineshavedisappeared.C.HeritageFarmisthefirstplaceintheUSforpeopletostoreandtradeseeds.D.Peoplehavebeenstoringseedstosaveplantvarietiesformorethan150years.【答案】36.D37.B38.A39.C40.A【解析】本文介紹了如何防止食物種類的消失。文章介紹了一個物種的死亡可能會導致一場可怕的饑荒（愛爾蘭農(nóng)場的塊莖馬鈴薯植株的滅絕）。文章提到幾個世紀以來，農(nóng)民們發(fā)現(xiàn)了數(shù)千種不同種類的糧食作物。但是在過去的一個世紀里，世界上一半以上的食物品種已經(jīng)消失。解決這個問題的一個辦法是盡可能多地收集和儲存種子，以免它們消失。基于此美國愛荷華州的黛安·奧特·惠利（DianeOtt-Whealy）和丈夫創(chuàng)辦了一個名為傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的地方，人們可以在那里儲存和交易種子。這樣就會防止食物種類的消失了。36.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientistsbelievethatoverthepastcentury,wehaveallowedmorethanhalfoftheworld’sfoodvarietiestodisappear.”以及第四段“Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandstoretheseeds(種子)asmanydifferentplantvarietiesaswecanbeforetheydisappear.”可知在過去的一個世紀里，世界上一半以上的食物品種消失。解決這個問題的一個辦法是盡可能多地收集和儲存種子（種子），以免它們消失。可以推知這篇文章主要講如何防止食物種類的消失。故選D。37.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.”可知但是在1845年的愛爾蘭，人們幾乎完全依靠馬鈴薯作為食物。此處強調(diào)單一性。故選B。38.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsandfarmingonlyspeciesofanimalsthatareeasytoproduceinlargenumbers.”可知大多數(shù)農(nóng)民只種植植物品種，只養(yǎng)殖易于大量繁殖的動物品種。而科學家擔心這樣的饑荒會再次發(fā)生是因為人們依賴某些種類的糧食作物。故選A。39.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandstoretheseedsasmanydifferentplantvarietiesaswecanbeforetheydisappear.TheideawasfirstsuggestedbyRussianscientistNikolayVavilov.”可知盡可能多地收集和存儲種子這個想法最初是由俄羅斯科學家尼古拉·瓦維洛夫提出的。故選C。40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“In1845,adeadlydiseasestruckthefarmsofIreland,killingalltheLumperpotatoplants.”可知1845年，一種致命的疾病襲擊了愛爾蘭的農(nóng)場，殺死了所有的塊莖馬鈴薯植株。事實上，這是一個物種的死亡導致了一場可怕的饑荒，可能會給愛爾蘭造成數(shù)千人的死亡。所以A正確。故選A。DEffectsofGlobalWarmingSomeeffectsofincreasingtemperaturesarehappening.●IceismeltingfromtheNorthPoletotheSouthPole,andeverywhereinbetween.Thisincludesmountainglaciers(冰川),icesheets(冰蓋)coveringWestAntarcticaandGreenland,andArcticseaice.●ResearcherBillFraserhasfoundthatthepenguins(企鵝)inAntarcticaarereducing.Theirnumbershavefallenfrom32,000pairsto11,000in30years.●Sealevelrisehasbecomefasteroverthelastcentury.●Someinsects,animalsandplantshavemovedfarthernorthortohigherandcoolerareas.●Rainandsnowfallhaveincreasedaroundtheworld.●SomeharmfulinsectshavedevelopedinAlaskabecauseof20yearsofwarmsummers.Theinsectshavedestroyedforestsofmorethan16thousandsquarekilometres.Othereffectscouldhappenlaterthiscentury,ifwarmingcontinues.●Sealevelsareexpectedtorisebetween7and23inches(18and59centimetres)bytheendofthecentury,andcontinuedmeltingatthepolescouldaddbetween4and8inches(10to20centimetres).●Typhoonsandotherstormsmaybecomestronger.●Floodsanddroughtswillbecomemorecommon.RainfallinEthiopia,wheredroughtsarealreadycommon,couldreduceby10%overthenext50years.●Lessfreshwaterwillbedrinkable.IftheicecapinPerucontinuestomeltatitsspeed,itwillbegoneby2100,leavingthousandsofpeoplewithoutdrinkingwaterandelectricity.●Somediseaseswillspreadallovertheworld.●Somecreaturescoulddieout.WildliferesearchscientistMartynObbardhasfoundthatsincethemid-1980s,withlessiceonwhichtoliveandfishforfood,polarbearshavegottenthinnerandweaker.Hefearsthatifseaicedisappears,thepolarbearswillaswell.41Thenumberofthepenguinswas______30yearsago.A.11,000 B.22,000 C.32,000 D.64,00042Thesealevel___________overthelastcentury.A.hasdroppedfasterB.hasdroppedslowerC.hasrisenfasterD.hasn’tchanged43.SomeharmfulinsectsinAlaskalike__________environment.A.warmB.coldC.cleanD.dirty44IftheicecapinPerudisappears,peoplewillhaveno_______.A.drinkingwaterandelectricityB.drinkingwaterandfoodC.foodandelectricityD.drinkingwater,foodandelectricity45Whatmayhappeniftheglobalwarmingcontinues?A.Theforestswilldisappearbecauseofharmfulinsects.B.Naturaldisasterswillbemoreserious.C.Polarbearswillallbekilledbyhumans.D.Diseaseswillmaketheanimalsdieout.【答案】DCAAB【解析】本文介紹如果全球氣候還在變暖的話，將會產(chǎn)生一些嚴重的后果。41.細節(jié)理解題。從Theirnumbershavefallenfrom32,000pairsto11,000in30years.30年來，它們的數(shù)量從3.2萬對降至1.1萬對?？芍鸢高xD42.細節(jié)理解題。Sealevelsareexpectedtorisebetween7and23inches(18and59centimetres)bytheendofthecentury,andcontinuedmeltingatthepolescouldaddbetween4and8inches(10to20centimetres).到本世紀末，海平面預計將上升7至23英寸（18至59厘米），兩極的持續(xù)融化可能會增加4至8英寸（10至20厘米）。故答案選C43.推理判斷題。從SomeharmfulinsectshavedevelopedinAlaskabecauseof20yearsofwarmsummers.Theinsectshavedestroyedforestsofmorethan16thousandsquarekilometres.由于20年的溫暖夏季，一些有害昆蟲已經(jīng)在阿拉斯加出現(xiàn)。這些昆蟲摧毀了超過1.6萬平方公里的森林?？梢耘袛噙@些害蟲喜歡溫暖的氣候。答案A44.細節(jié)理解題。IftheicecapinPerucontinuestomeltatitsspeed,itwillbegoneby2100,leavingthousandsofpeoplewithoutdrinkingwaterandelectricity.如果秘魯?shù)谋w繼續(xù)以其速度融化，它將在2100年消失，導致數(shù)千人沒有飲用水和電力。答案選A45.細節(jié)判斷題?！馮yphoonsandotherstormsmaybecomestronger.臺風和其他風暴可能會變得更強?！馞loodsanddroughtswillbecomemorecommon.洪水和干旱將變得更加常見可知答案選B第二節(jié)閱讀填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面A---E五個句子分別填入文中空缺處，使得補全后的短文意思通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。TheSpringFestivalwassupposedtobeatimeforfamilygathering._____46_____Oneofthemainreasonsthatthenovelcoronavirushasbeenspreadingsoquicklyisthatit'stransmittedthroughdroplets(飛沫)coughedandsneezedbyinfectedpeople.Thesedropletscantravelasfarastwometersintheair._____47_____Andevenafterthedropletsfallandlandonsurfaces,theycanstayaliveforuptofivedays.Thismeanseverythingyoutouchinapublicplacemightbegivingyouthisdeadlyvirus.Inanewdevelopment,itseemspossiblethattheviruscanbetransmittedthroughaerosol(氣溶膠),whichisasuspension(懸浮)intheair(oringas)offinesolidparticle(微粒)orliquiddroplets.However,nofurtherevidencehasbeenfoundtosupportthisstatement._____48_____Avoidingpeopleandpublicspacesisnothowweplannedtospendthisfestivalseason._____49_____Firstly,we'vedevelopedbetterhabits,includingwashingourhandsthoroughlyaftercominghome.We’vealsolearnedtovaluethesimplehappiness-beingabletotakeawalk,goingtoarestaurantorhangingoutwithfriends.Trythinkingaboutallthethingsyou'llbefreetodoafterthisterriblevirusisdefeated._____50_____A.Thismakesitdangeroustogettooclosetopeople.B.Butperhapswecanlookonthebrightside.C.Evenso,it'sonemorereasonforyoutostayhome.D.Thenyou'llfindtheideaofstayingathomefornowisnotsounbearable(無法忍受的).E.Butthattraditioncametoastopthisyearbecauseofanepidemicoutbreak.【答案】46.E47.A48.C49.B50.D【解析】本文介紹了春節(jié)期間新冠病毒爆發(fā)，人們必須待在家里的原因，以及待在家里也有好的一面。46.根據(jù)“Oneofthemainreasonsthatthenovelcoronavirushasbeenspreadingsoquicklyisthatit'stransmittedthroughdroplets(飛沫)coughedandsneezedbyinfectedpeople.”可知，此處表示今年的流行病爆發(fā)，春節(jié)期間，家人相聚這個傳統(tǒng)停止了，故選E。47.根據(jù)“Thesedropletscantravelasfarastwometersintheair.”可知，飛沫在空氣中可以傳播到兩米遠，因此這樣人靠得太近是非常危險的，故選A。48.根據(jù)“However,nofurtherevidencehasbeenfoundtosupportthisstatement.”可知，雖然沒有更多的證據(jù)來支持氣溶膠可以傳播新冠病毒，但即便如此，這也是必須待在家里的另一個原因，故選C。49.根據(jù)“Firstly,we'vedevelopedbetterhabits,includingwashingourhandsthoroughlyaftercominghome.We’vealsolearnedtovaluethesimplehappiness”可知，我們養(yǎng)成了好習慣，學會珍惜簡單的幸福，因此表示我們應(yīng)該看到這次流行病好的一面，故選B。50.根據(jù)“Trythinkingaboutallthethingsyou'llbefreetodoafterthisterriblevirusisdefeated.”可知，試著想想在這個可怕的病毒被打敗后你可以做的所有事情，然后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在待在家里也不是無法忍受的，故選D。四、寫作（共四節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)短文填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分））Itwasarainydayandtheskywasverydark.As1.u_______,mymotherpickedmeupafterschool.Onourwayhome,however,thewindblewmoreandmorestrongly.Lotsoflitterwasblownupintheskyandthebigtreesbegantoshakewiththeleavesfallingdown.Wefelttherewassomethingunusual.Sowewalkedfast.Unluckily,thewindwassostrongthatwecouldn’t2.h________theumbrella.Theheavyrainkeptfallingdown.Wegotwetandthecoldwentthroughourbodies.Soon,webegantorealizethatmaybeatyphoonwashittingthearea.Webecame3.f_________andbegantorun.Butitwashardforustorunfastasthewindkeptblowingstrongly.Afterafewminutes,wearrivedhomebutalltheclotheswerewet.Later,whenwewatchedthenewsonline,welearnedthattherewasreallya4.t________typhooninourareaanditcausedlotsof5.d________.Wewereluckyasallofuswerefineafterall.【答案】1.uausal2.hold3.frihgtened4.terrible5.damage第二節(jié)完成句子。（共5小題，每題2分，滿分10分）1.他們驚訝地默默凝視著那處奇景They____________________ thestrangesightwithamazement___________________.2.你要暫時放棄這個念頭。Youshould__________________thisidea____________________.3.多么可怕的一次自然災害?。『芏嗳嗽谶@次地爲中喪生。___