課時分層作業(yè)(五)[高考題型練習提能力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAnewreportshowsthattherearejust7，100oftheworld'sfastestlandanimalsnowleftinthewild.Cheetahs(獵豹)areintroublenow.Accordingtothestudy，morethanhalftheworld'ssurvivingcheetahsliveinonepopulationthatrangesacrosssixcountriesinsouthernAfrica.CheetahsinAsiahavebeennearlywipedout.It'sthoughtthatagroupwithfewerthan50cheetahslivesoninIran.Becausethecheetahisoneofthewidest-ranginganimals，itrunsacrosslandsfaroutsideprotectedareas.Some77%oftheirhabitat(棲息地)fallsoutsidetheseprotectedareas.Asaresult，theanimalstrugglesbecausetheselandsareincreasinglybeingdevelopedbyfarmersandthecheetah'sfoodisdecreasingbecauseofhumanhunting.InZimbabwe，thecheetahpopulationhasfallenfromaround1，200tojust170animalsin16years，withthemaincausebeingmajorchangesinlandtenure.Researcherssaythatthethreatsfacingtheworld'sfastestanimalshavegoneunnoticedforfartoolong.“Giventhesecretnatureofthecheetah，ithasbeendifficulttogatherhardinformationonthem.”saidDrSarahDurant，thereport'sleader.“Ourfindingsshowthatthelargespacerequirementsforcheetahsandvariousthreatsfacedbytheminthewildmeanthattheyarelikelytobeindangerofdyingout.”Anotherofthebigconcernsaboutcheetahshasbeentheillegaltrafficking(非法交易)ofyoungcheetahs.Theyoungcatscanfetchupto$10，000ontheblackmarket.Some1，200youngcheetahsareknowntohavebeentraffickedoutofAfricaoverthepast10yearsbutaround85%ofthemdiedduringthejourney.Ifthecheetahistosurvivelongterm，thenurgenteffortsmustbemadetosolvethequestionofprotectedareasandranges.【語篇解讀】人類活動造成獵豹活動范圍的縮小、獵物的減少都是導致獵豹滅絕的原因，另外，獵豹幼獸的非法走私也是原因之一。1．Wheredomostofthecheetahslivenow?A．InAsia. B．InAfrica.C．InEurope. D．InAmerica.B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“morethanhalftheworld'ssurvivingcheetahsliveinonepopulationthatrangesacrosssixcountriesinsouthernAfrica”可知，世界上現(xiàn)存的獵豹中，超過一半遍布南部非洲的六個國家。]2．Whatisthemainreasonofcheetahsintrouble?A．Seriousillnesses. B．Poorhealth.C．Climatechanges. D．Humanactivities.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，土地越來越多地被農(nóng)民開發(fā)利用，同時獵豹的獵物由于被人類捕殺而數(shù)量急劇減少。由此可判斷出是人類活動導致獵豹處于滅絕的危險中。]3．Whathashappenedtoyoungcheetahs?A．TheirpopulationhasincreasedinZimbabwe.B．Theyaregettingalongverywellwithpeople.C．Manyofthemaresoldontheblackmarket.D．Theyhavesurvivedlongertermthanbefore.C[細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，獵豹幼獸的非法走私非常嚴重，在黑市上獵豹幼崽價值高達10000美金，許多幼崽在運送過程中死亡。故正確答案為C。]4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Cheetahsaredyingout.B．Cheetahs'protectedareas.C．Thesecretnatureofthecheetah.D．CheetahsmostlyliveinAfrica.A[主旨大意題。文章第一段點明文章的主旨：在野外獵豹只有7100只，它們處于滅絕的危險中。故正確答案為A。]【易錯分析】其他選項在文章中都有提及，但都只是文章內(nèi)容的一部分，但不可作為文章的主旨。其實根據(jù)首段和尾段就能很容易得出本文的標題。BSeatedontheporchofanaginghouse，youcanseeshadowsonthelawnmovingasthewindthreadsthroughthetrees.Aleaffloatstotheground，suggestingthecomingoffall.Thiswideporchwasbuiltasthemainpartofthehouse.Therestofthehouseisarounditonbothsides，likehugearmsextendingahug.Countlessstorieshavebeensharedonthisporchbyeverymemberofthefamilyforover30years.Screendoorsoneithersideoftheporchleadintothehouse.Thedoorsarewiderthantoday'sstandarddoors.Theywerecrafted(精心制作)longago，whichshowstheirdetail，beautyandstrength.Thefamilythatgrewhereenjoyedeverydaypleasures—singinginthecar，laughteratmealtimeandfootballgamesonSundays.Whenthefatherhit55，hiswifeinsistedhequitplayingSundayafternoonfootballwiththekids.Themotherneverplayed，asshewasstrickenwithaterribleillnessafterthebirthoftheirsecondchild.Neverabletowalkagain，shemanagedtocarryonanywayandraiseherfivechildren.Sometimes，sheevenhadtomanagebydraggingherselfacrossthefloor.Shenevercomplainedaboutthechallengesofherillness，notdidherhusbandcomplainabouttheextracarehehadtogivehiswifeaftershebecameill.There'ssomethingfamiliarwhenenteringthehouse.It'sthesmellofthepilesofoldbooks，andmagazines，thesheetmusiconthepiano，andthedecorationsontheshelfinthecorner.Picturesofthefamilyarestillallhungineveryroom.Thecouplearenolongerthere—theybothrecentlypassedaway.Andyet，theybothstilllinger(徘徊)throughoutthehouse.Theirlivesarestillevident，wovenintothelaughterandtheheartsoftheirfamilyandfriends.Theyweren'trockstarsorcelebritiesandtheywouldn'tberememberedinhistorybooks.Yettheymadeahistoryoftheirownbycreatingsimplebeautyineverydaylifeandbylivingthroughchallengeswithoutcomplaining.Thatistrulythebestremembranceofall.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在文中描寫了一所古老的房子，它雖然有些敗落，卻承載著生活在這所房子中的一家人的回憶和故事。5．Whatcanweknowaboutthehouse?A．Ithasawideporchonbothsides.B．Itisfilledwithmanyuselessthings.C．Ithaswitnessedmanyofthefamily'sstories.D．Itlooksnew，beautifulandstrong.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Countlessstorieshavebeensharedonthisporchbyeverymemberofthefamilyforover30years”可知，這所老房子承載了這個家庭的許多回憶和故事，因此答案為C。原文是說門廊被房子左右環(huán)抱，而非房子左右都有門廊，故A項錯誤；B項文章未體現(xiàn)；D項new一詞在文中未體現(xiàn)。]6．Whatcanweconcludeaboutthefamilyfromthearticle?A．Theirliveswerefullofmisfortune.B．Theyledatoughbuthappylife.C．Theyreceivedalotofhelpfromtheirfriends.D．Thewholefamilylovedplayingfootball.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容及最后一段中的“bycreatingsimplebeautyineverydaylifeandbylivingthroughchallengeswithoutcomplaining”可知，B項正確。]7．Whatwasthecouple'sattitudetowardhardshipsintheirlives?A．Grateful. B．Optimistic.C．Cautious. D．Favorable.B[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)這一對夫妻遇到困難時不抱怨，積極面對并撫養(yǎng)5個孩子長大的經(jīng)歷可以推斷出，這對夫妻面對困難時的心態(tài)是積極樂觀的，因此答案為B。]8．Theauthorwrotethisarticlemainlyto．A．introducethehistoryofthehousetoreadersB．tellalovestoryaboutthehouse'sownersC．remindreaderstoenjoysimplepleasuresinlifeD．recallthememoryofthefamilythatlivedinthehouseD[寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，作者從開篇對老房子的描述到后來對這家人生活的回憶，表達了其對房子和家人生活的懷念之情，因此答案為D。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五InternationalWomen'sDaytakesplaceeveryyearon8Marchtocelebratetheachievementsofwomenallovertheworld.Itstartedwithaprotest(抗議)thattookplaceinNewYorkCityin1908.Thenwomenwentoutontothestreetstodemandtherighttovote，shorterworkinghoursandbetterpay.Sincethenithastakenmanyformsandtodayit'saglobalevent.1Inothercountriesit'sanofficialholidaybutonlyforwomen.2Ifyouwatchthenewsyouwillseewomenastronauts，womenprimeministersandwomenleadersinbusiness.However，ifyoulookatthestatistics(統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù))yourealizethere'sstillalongwaytogo.TheBBCdidareportafewyearsagothatshowedthatintheUKwomentookonly30.9%ofthemostseniorpositionsacrossarangeofjobsinareaslikepolitics，businessandpolicing.Sothereisstillalotforustodo.34Thereareexhibitions，theatreshows，talks，discussions，walkingtours，films，workshops，funrunsandsomuchmore.Alltheeventsaredesignedtocelebratetheroleofwomeninsocietyandtomakeusalltakeastepbackandthinkabouttheprogressthathasbeenmade.5Thepurposeistomakesuretheworldisafairandequalplaceforallpeople.A．Insomecountries，March8isanofficialholiday.B．It'simportantformenandwomentobetotallyequal.C．Thuswewillseeanequalnumberofmenandwomeninthetopjobs.D．Theyalsomakeusthinkaboutthechangesthatstillneedtotakeplace.E．Intoday'sworlditmayappearthatwomenhaveallthesameopportunitiesasmen.F．Theroleofwomenhaschangedinallareasoftheirlives，bothatworkandinthefamily.G．AlotofspecialeventstakeplaceintownsandcitiestocelebrateInternationalWomen'sDay.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹的是國際婦女節(jié)，由來、慶祝方式及該節(jié)日的意義等。1．A[根據(jù)前面的“it'saglobalevent”和后面的“Inothercountries”可知，此處為一些國家和另外一些國家進行對比說明。]2．E[本段談論的是“表面看起來現(xiàn)在女人和男人有著相同的機會，但現(xiàn)實情況并不是這樣”，故正確答案為E?！疽族e分析】有些同學可能會誤選B。B項“男女完全平等是非常重要的”與本段所談論的內(nèi)容并不相符，所以不能作為段落主題句。]3．C[根據(jù)前面的“Sothereisstillalotforustodo”可知，為了男女在工作方面真正的平等，我們需要做的還有很多。故正確答案為C。]4．G[根據(jù)后面的“Thereareexhibitions，theatreshows，talks...”可知，G項“為慶祝國際婦女節(jié)在城鎮(zhèn)會舉辦大量的慶?；顒印狈险Z境。]5．D[根據(jù)前面的“makeus...thinkabouttheprogressthathasbeenmade”可知，這些活動也會使我們思考還要進行哪些方面的改變。故正確答案為D。]Ⅲ.語法填空OnenightinDecember2016，abearcameintothecityofVancouverinCanada.It1.(walk)throughthecitystreetspasthouses，shopsandoffices.Thenitfoundsomefoodinbinsoutsidearestaurant2.startedeating.Inthemorning，someonesawthebearandcalledthepolice.Thepolicecameandputthebearinacarandtook3.tothemountainsoutsidethecity.4.(lucky)，thebearwassafe.Biganimalsusuallycomeintocities5.(find)food.InMoscowinRussia，thereare35，000wilddogs.Thedogsliveinparks，oldhouses，marketsandtrainstations.Somedogslivein6.(group)andotherslivealone.ManypeopleinMoscowlikethedogs.Theygivethemfoodandwater.Somepeoplemakesmallhouse