課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(七)[高考題型練習(xí)提能力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解ALiveintheCity—Manyofusyearntoliveinthecountry，sowecanbeclosertonatureandenjoypeaceandquiet.However，whenwedothistherearelesswildareasforwildlife.Weneedtodevelopanewenvironmentaltheory，whichencouragespeopletostayinthecities.Wehavetomakecitiesmorelivableandleavetheremainingwildareasforthewildlife.SupportStrictZoning—Landusezoning(土地用途分區(qū)管制)isoneofthefewtoolsthegovernmentcanusetoprotectwetlands，naturalareasandenvironmentalcorridors.Unfortunately，suchzoningisoftenopposedbypowerfullanddevelopersorpoliticalforces.It'simportantforcitizenstoshowsupportforzoningtooffsetthesenegativepressures.SupportOrganizationsPreservingRareProperties—Severalgroupsspecializeinbuyingandkeepingpiecesofimportantwildlifehabitatwhicharethreatenedwithdevelopment.CreateHabitatinYourBackyard—Youcanmakeyourownbackyardhabitatforwildlifebyplantingnativeplants，puttingnestboxesinthetreesandsoon.SaveEnergy—Wemustworktogethertouselessenergy.Thisisimportanttostopclimatechangeandglobalwarming.Savingenergyalsoreducesdirecthabitatlossesandairandwaterpollution，allofwhichthreatenwildlife.LimitYourFamilySize—Eachpersonrequiresspaceandnaturalresourcestolive.Thehumanpopulationisrapidlyrisingtolevelswhichmakeitdifficulttoprovideenoughresourcesforhumanswhilemaintainingahealthyenvironmentforwildlife.Ifeachcouplelimitedthemselvestonomorethan2children，theworld'spopulationwouldstabilize(穩(wěn)定)andbeabletosupporteveryonewithoutconflictorsuffering.GetInvolvedandTalktoLawMakers—Manyofourlawsarenothelpfulforpreservingwildlifehabitatorsavingenergy，andsomepoliciesactuallyrewardlargeenergyusers.Citizensneedtocontacttheirlawmakersandaskforbetterpolicies.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹的是我們普通人可以做哪些事情來(lái)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．WhereShouldWeLiveintheFuture?B．HowtoProtectOurEnvironment?C．WhyShouldWeSaveEnergy?D．WhatCanWeDotoHelpWildlife?D[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文中的幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容都是關(guān)于我們普通人可以做哪些事情保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的。]2．Theunderlinedword“yearn”inParagraph1probablymeans．A．hope B．fearC．hate D．failA[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后半句的內(nèi)容，居住在鄉(xiāng)下能使人們親近大自然，享受平和安靜的生活，所以人們希望到鄉(xiāng)下居住。]3．WhichofthefollowingactionswillNOTdestroythehomesofwildlife?A．Buildinghousesinthecountry.B．Puttingnestboxesinthebackyard.C．Releasingdirtywaterintoariver.D．Coupleshavingmanychildren.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知居住在鄉(xiāng)下、污染水資源和增加人口都會(huì)威脅到野生動(dòng)物的家園，而人工放置鳥巢是保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的一種方式，所以選B項(xiàng)。]BMorethantwothirdsoftheworld'spolarbearswillbewipedoutby2050，accordingtoashockingnewstudy.Bythen，scientistssay，globalwarmingwillhavemelted42percentoftheArcticseaice.By2100，onlyaveryfewoftheseimportantcreatureswillbeleft.ThereporthasbeenproducedbytheUSGeologicalSurvey.ThescientistshavepublicizedtheirfindingsinthehopeofinfluencingUSInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthorne，whohasbeenaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals，whicharetheirmainfood.Withoutenoughice，polarbearswouldbeforcedtogoontotheland，wheretheyarepoorlyskilledhunters，andwouldbeunlikelytoadapttothelifeonthelandintime.Expertssayfewlittlebearswouldsurviveandthestresscouldmakemanyfemalesunabletogetpregnant.TheteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsspentsixmonthsstudyingbears，ontheground，fromspotterplanesandinthelab，usingcomputermodels.Someteammembersfeartheresultisevenworseforthebearsthanwhattheirreportsays.TheysaytheArcticiswarmingfasterthananywhereintheworldandmuchfasterthantheircomputerhadbeenforecasting.Satelliteobservationshaveshowedthattheicehasdecreasedtoanall-timelow.However，noteveryoneinthescientificcommunitybelievesthatglobalwarmingishappeningonsuchanalarmingscale.Anotherinvestigationhasfoundthatpolarbearsarestillbeinghuntedbywealthy“sportsmen”whowanttheirskinsandheads.Atleastteninternationalcompaniesofferbear-huntingtrips.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文說的是由于全球變暖，北極熊有可能在這個(gè)世紀(jì)末就要滅絕了。4．WhatdoweknowaboutDirkKempthorneaccordingtothepassage?A．Heisananimalscientist.B．HeisaprotectorofanimalsworkingfortheUSgovernment.C．HewasaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.D．Heofferedtoputpolarbearsontheendangeredspecieslist.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“...USInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthorne，whohasbeenaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.”可知C正確。]5．Whywillpolarbearsdieoutifthereisnotenoughseaice?A．Becausepolarbearscan'tcatchenoughfoodwithoutice.B．Becausepolarbearseaticewhentheyfeelthirsty.C．Becausepolarbearswillbeeasilyfoundbyhunterswithoutice.D．Becausemostfemalebearsareusedtogivingbirthunderice.A[推理判斷題。由文章第三段第一句“Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals，whicharetheirmainfood.”可知A正確。]6．Afterasix-monthstudy，somescientistsfearthat．A．thereissomethingwrongwiththeircomputersB．polarbearswilldisappearevenfasterthantheyeverexpectedC．theircomputermodelsarenotasaccurateastheyexpectedD．globalwarmingwilldestroyeverythingintheArcticB[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段第二句“Someteammembersfeartheresultisevenworseforthebearsthanwhattheirreportsays.”可知B正確。]7．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．Globalwarmingmakesthewholeworlddifferent.B．Humanbeingsareresponsiblefortheendangeredspecies.C．Mostofthepolarbearswillbewipedoutbytheendofthiscentury.D．ScientistshavefoundthatmostanimalsintheArcticwilldieoutbytheendofthiscentury.C[主旨大意題。本文第一段點(diǎn)明了主題：北極熊有可能在這個(gè)世紀(jì)末就要滅絕了。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Foodsafetyisaprobleminallplacesaroundtheworldandpeopleindifferentareasoftheworldpreparefoodsindifferentways.TheWHOreleasedfivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway.1Key1：Keepclean.Thefirstkeytellsabouttheimportanceofwashing.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsoften—beforetouchingfood，whiletheyarepreparingfood，andanytimeaftertheygotothetoilet.Peopleshouldwashallsurfacesandequipmentusedforpreparingfood.2Key2:3Peopleshouldseparateraw，oruncookedfoodsfromfoodsthatarealreadycookedandfoodsthatwillnotbecooked.Peopleshouldstorerawmeat，chicken，andfishincontainers，orinseparateareas.Rawfoodsshouldnottouchpreparedfoods.Key3：Cookcompletely.Peopleshouldcookeggsandmeat，likebirds，seafood，andanimals，especiallycarefully.Thesefoodsmaycarrymoremicro-organismsthanotherfoods.Foodlikesoupmustbeboiledforatleastaminutetomakeitbecookedcompletely.Itisalsoimportantthatpeoplere-heatcookedfoodcompletely.Key4：Keepfoodatsafetemperatures.Whenpeoplearefinishedwitheating，theyshouldkeeptheleftfoodinarefrigeratorbelow5℃andshouldn'tstoreitfortoolong.Atroomtemperature，about20℃，theamountofmicro-organismscanincreaseveryquickly.4Theycannotgrowasquicklyinaveryhotorverycoldenvironment.Key5：Usesafewaterandrawmaterials.5Damagedoroldfoodmaydevelopharmfulchemicalsasitgetsolder.A．Separaterawandcookedfoods.B．Eatcookedfoodimmediatelywhileitisstillhot.C．Theycalltheserulesthe“FiveKeystoSaferFood”．D．Peopleshouldusesafewaterandchoosefreshfoods.E．Keepingeverythingcleanhelpspeopletoavoidmicro-organisms.F．Peopleshouldalsoprotectcookingareasandfoodfrominsectsandanimals.G．Buttemperaturesabove60℃orbelow5%controlthegrowthofmicro-organisms.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】食品安全問題是一個(gè)全世界性的問題。不同地方的人用不同的方式準(zhǔn)備食物，WHO發(fā)布了用安全方式準(zhǔn)備食物的五項(xiàng)原則。1．C[第一段中的TheWHOreleasedfivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway.是提示句。C項(xiàng)中的theserules與空前的fivesimplerules相對(duì)應(yīng)。另外，C項(xiàng)可以引起下文。故選C項(xiàng)。]2．E[此部分的小標(biāo)題為Key1：Keepclean.E項(xiàng)中的clean與小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容相對(duì)應(yīng)。另外，E項(xiàng)為保持干凈的好處，與該段內(nèi)容相符。故選E項(xiàng)。]3．A[此部分講的是要把生的食物和熟的食物分開放置。關(guān)鍵詞為raw，cooked。A項(xiàng)意為“把生的食物和熟的食物分開”。故選A項(xiàng)。]4．G[此處講的是微生物的生存環(huán)境?？涨爸v的是微生物快速繁殖所需的溫度。所以此空應(yīng)該是微生物在什么溫度下無(wú)法快速繁殖。故選G項(xiàng)。]5．D[D項(xiàng)為本段小標(biāo)題的進(jìn)一步說明。關(guān)鍵信息為safewater。故選D項(xiàng)。]Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空Tuanwasafarmer.Fordecades，he1.(struggle)toridhisfamily2.hunger.However，3.alwaysconfusedhim4.toexpandtheoutputofhiscrops.This5.(disturb)problemledtohisregrettingbeingafarmer.Hewouldratherhavechosenanotherjob.Oneday，when6.(skim)throughanewspaper，TuanreadacommentonYuanLongping.HeunderlinedYuan'snationalityandoccupation，andthenfocusedonhisdiscoveryandthestatisticsofhisresearch.HefoundtheknowledgeYuancirculatedvery7.(practice)．Theref