PartFourLesson4DreamHousesⅠ.單詞識記1．rentn．租金2．pipen．管子3．mercyn．慈悲，憐憫，同情心4．dampadj.潮濕的5．basementn．地下室6．bathevi.洗澡；沐浴7．fencen．柵欄，圍墻8．narrowadj.狹窄的9．garagen．車庫10．garbagen．垃圾，廢物11．a(chǎn)partmentn．(美)公寓住宅12．downtownadj.在市區(qū)的；市區(qū)的13．lorryn．卡車，載重汽車14．curtainn．窗簾；幕布15．washroomn．盥洗室Ⅱ.短語默寫1．bythetime到……的時候為止2．share...with...與……分享……3．even_so即使這樣，盡管如此4．ontheothersideof在另一邊5．a(chǎn)t_least至少6．dreamof夢想，渴望7．hold_one's_breath屏住呼吸8．beadaptedfrom改編自……，由……改編Ⅲ.句子背誦1．Butwhat_I_remembered_mostismovingalot.但我記得最多的是(我們)搬了很多次家。2．ButthehouseonMangoStreetisnotthe_waytheydescribeditatall.但是芒果街的房子完全不像他們描述的那樣。3．Out_back_is_a_small_garageforthecarwedon'townyetandasmallyardthatlookssmallerbetweenthetwobuildingsoneitherside.出門往后院走有一間小車庫，但現(xiàn)在我們還沒有車。還有一個小院子，夾在兩邊的高樓中顯得更小。閱讀清障[1]what引導的是主語從句，what在從句中作賓語。[2]Bythetime引導的是時間狀語從句。①rent/rent/n.租金②share...with...與……分享③becarefulnottodosth小心不做某事④toomuch太多⑤landlord/lndld/n．房東⑥evenso即使如此⑦worm/wm/n．蟲，小蟲⑧pipe/pap/n．管子⑨mercy/msi/n．慈悲，憐憫，同情心⑩washroom/wrm/n．盥洗室?damp/dmp/adj.潮濕的[3]why引導的是表語從句。?faraway遠(作表語或狀語)[4]that引導的是定語從句，修飾先行詞arealhouse。that在從句中作主語，不可省略。?runningwater自來水?bathtub/btb/n．浴缸，澡盆?basement/besm?nt/n．地下室?atleast至少?bathe/beIe/vi.洗澡；沐浴[5]本句中so連接前后兩個分句。第一個分句中and連接兩個并列賓語；第二個分句中包含一個以when引導的時間狀語從句。?fence/fens/n．柵欄，圍墻[6]growingwithoutafence為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾grass。?dreamof夢想，向往?dreamup憑空想出，虛構出not...atall一點也不，完全不narrow/nr?/adj.狹窄的so...that...如此……以至于……h(huán)oldone'sbreath屏住呼吸[7]that引導的是定語從句，修飾先行詞asmallyard。原文呈現(xiàn)TheHouseonMangoStreetWedidn'talwaysliveonMangoStreet.BeforethatwelivedonLoomisonthethirdfloor，andbeforethatwelivedonKeelerStreet.BeforeKeelerStreetitwasPaulinaStreet，andbeforethatIcan'tremember.ButwhatIrememberedmost[1]ismovingalot.Eachtimeitseemedthere'dbeonemoreofus.BythetimewegottoMangoStreet[2]weweresix—Mama，Papa，Carlos，Kiki，mysisterNennyandme.ThehouseonMangoStreetisours，andwedon'thavetopayrent①toanybody，orsharetheyardwith②thepeopledownstairs，orbecarefulnottomake③toomuch④noise，andworriedaboutthelandlord⑥beingangry.Butevenso⑥，it'snotthehousewethoughtwe'dget.WehadtoleavetheflatonLoomisquick.Therewereworms⑦inthewoodenwalls.Thenthewaterpipes⑧brokeandthelandlordwouldn'tfixthembecausethehousewastooold.Hehadnomercy⑨sowehadtoleavefast.Wewereusingthewashroom⑩nextdoorandcarryingwaterover.Andeverythingintheflatwasdamp?.That'swhyMamaandPapalookedforahouse[3]，andthat'swhywemovedintothehouseonMangoStreet，faraway?，ontheothersideoftown.Theyalwaystoldusthatonedaywewouldmoveintoahouse，arealhousethatwouldbeours[4]sowewouldn'thavetomoveeachyear.Andourhousewouldhaverunningwater?andabathtub?andpipesthatworked.Andinsideitwouldhaverealstairs，likethehousesonTV.Andwe'dhaveabasement?andatleast?threewashroomssowhenwewantedtobathe?wewouldn'thavetotelleverybody.[5]Ourhousewouldbewhitewithtreesaroundit，agreatbigyardandgrassgrowingwithoutafence?[6]．ThiswasthehousePapatalkedaboutwhenhedreamedof?beingrichandthiswasthehouseMamadreamedup?inthestoriesshetoldusbeforewewenttobed.ButthehouseonMangoStreetisnotthewaytheydescribeditatall.It'ssmallandredwithnarrowstepsinfrontandwindowssosmallthatyou'dthinktheywereholdingtheirbreath.Thereisnofrontyard，onlyfourlittletreesthecityplantedonthesideofthestreet.Outbackisasmallgarageforthecarwedon'townyetandasmallyardthatlookssmallerbetweenthetwobuildingsoneitherside[7]．Therearestairsinthehouse，butthey'reordinarystairs，andthehousehasonlyonewashroom.Everybodyhastoshareabedroom—MamaandPapa，CarlosandKiki，meandNenny.AdaptedfromTheHouseonMangobySandraCisneros課文譯文芒果街上的小屋我們并不是一直住在芒果街。在那之前，我們在盧米斯的一棟樓的三樓住過，再往前，我們住在基勒街。在基勒街之前我們住在寶琳娜街，寶琳娜街之前住哪兒，我就記不清了。但我記憶最深的是(我們)搬了很多次家。每次搬家，我們似乎都會多一口人。我們搬到芒果街時，家里有六口人——媽媽、爸爸、卡洛斯、基基、姐姐內(nèi)妮和我。芒果街的那所房子是我們的，我們不用向任何人交房租，不用和樓下的住戶共用院子，不用小心翼翼的不敢弄出太多的響聲，并且不用擔心房東生氣。但是即使如此，它也不是我們認為我們會有的房子。我們不得不趕快離開盧米斯的公寓。木制的墻里有蟲子。然后水管壞了，房東也不愿意修，因為那所房子太舊了。他沒有一點兒仁慈，所以我們得快點兒離開。我們那時還在用隔壁的盥洗室，并且得提水過來。并且公寓里的所有東西都是潮濕的。那就是為什么爸爸和媽媽要找房子，那也是為什么我們搬到遠在小鎮(zhèn)另一邊的芒果街上的房子里。他們(父母)總是告訴我們，有一天我們會搬進一所房子里，一所真正屬于我們自己的房子里。那樣，我們就不必每年都搬家了。并且我們的房子會有自來水和一個浴缸，水管運行良好。并且房子里會有真正的樓梯，像電視中的房子那樣。我們還會有個地下室，至少有三個盥洗室，這樣當我們想洗澡時就不用通知任何人。我們的房子應該是綠樹環(huán)繞的白色房子，有一個很大很大的院子，還有沒有柵欄的草坪。這是爸爸夢想富有時所說的房子，也是睡覺前媽媽講給我們的故事中她所構想的房子。但是芒果街的房子完全不像他們描述的那樣。房子很小，是紅色的，前面是窄窄的樓梯，窗子小得讓你覺得它們在屏住呼吸。這所房子沒有前院，只有市民種植在路邊的四棵小樹。出門往后院走有一個小車庫，但現(xiàn)在我們還沒有車。還有一個小院子，夾在路兩邊的兩棟樓中間顯得更小。房子里有樓梯，但只是普通的樓梯，而且只有一個盥洗室。每個人都得跟別人同住一間臥室：爸爸和媽媽一間，卡洛斯和基基一間，我和內(nèi)妮一間。改編自《芒果街上的小屋》桑德拉·西斯內(nèi)羅斯Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文選擇最佳答案1．Howmanyplacesthewriterlivedinarementionedinthetext?A．One.B．Two.C．Six.D．Wedon'tknowtheexactnumber.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthehouseonMangoStreetisTRUE?A．Weneedtopayrenttothelandlord.B．Thehouseisnotawantedhouseatall.C．Weshouldsharethegardenwithothers.D．Wecan'tmaketoomuchnoisethere.3．Alandlordis________.A．a(chǎn)businessman B．a(chǎn)pieceoflandC．a(chǎn)nownerofahouse D．a(chǎn)cleaner4．WhydidtheyleavetheflatonLoomis?A．Becausethehousewastooold.B．Becausewaterpipesbrokeandnobodywouldfixthem.C．Becausetheyshouldsharethewashroomwithothersandcarrywaterbythemselves.D．Alloftheabove.5．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．theplacewheretheylivedbeforemovingtoMangoStreetB．thelifeonMangoStreetC．a(chǎn)dreamhouseandarealhouseonMangoStreetD．thereasonswhytheymovedtoMangoStreet答案1.D2.B3.C4.D5.CⅡ.課文語法填空TheHouseonMangoStreetWedidn'talwaysliveonMangoStreet.We1.moved(move)alot.ThehouseonMangoStreetis2.ours(our)，andwedon'thavetopayrentorworryaboutthelandlordbeing3.angry(anger)．Butevenso，it'snotthehousewethoughtwe'dget.WehadtoleavetheflatonLoomisquick4.becausethewaterpipesbrokeandsoon.Wehadtousethewashroomnextdoorandcarriedwaterover.That's5.whywemovedintothehouseonMangoStreet，faraway，ontheothersideoftown.Myparentsalwaystoldusthatonedaywe6.would_move(move)intoahouse，arealhousethatwouldbeours.Andwewouldhaveabasement，atleastthree7.washrooms(washroom)，abigyardandgrass8.growing(grow)withoutafence.ThiswasthehousePapatalkedaboutwhenhedreamed9.of/aboutbeingrich.10.However，thehouseonMangoStreetisnotthewaytheydescribedit.It'ssmallandredwithnarrowstepsinfront.Outbackisasmallgarageforthecarwedon'townyet.1．(教材P42)ThehouseonMangoStreetisours，andwedon'thavetopayrenttoanybody，orsharetheyardwiththepeopledownstairs，orbecarefulnottomaketoomuchnoise，andworriedaboutthelandlordbeingangry.芒果街的房子是我們的，我們不用向任何人交房租，不用和樓下的住戶共用院子，不用小心翼翼地不大聲喧嘩，也不用擔心房東生氣。rentn．租金；房租v．租借或租用；將某物出租給某人[歸納拓展]eq\x(\a\al(forrent供出租用的,payrentto向……付租金,atahighrent以高租金,freeofrent免收租金,rent...from向……租借……,rent...to...把……租給……,rent-freeadj.不收租金的))(1)Rentsaregoingupagain.租金又漲價了。(2)Doyouhaveanapartmentforrent?你們現(xiàn)在有沒有公寓要出租??？(3)Theunemployedliveinhousesfreeofrent.失業(yè)者住在免費的房子里。(4)Mr.Hillrentsthislandtousat1,000ayear.希爾先生以每年1000美元的價格把這塊地租給我們。[易混辨析]rent/hirerent在英國指較長時間租出或租借房屋、商店或土地；而在美國指長時間或短時期租用各種資產(chǎn)以及日用東西hire多指短期租用，在英國一般指租用車、船[即學即練](1)用rent/hire的適當形式填空①Let'shireacarfortheweekend.②Sherentsouttworoomstostudents.(2)完成句子①How_much_rent(多少租金)doyoupayforthisplace?②Sheagreedtorent_the_room_to_me(將這個房間租給我)．2．(教材P42)Hehadnomercysowehadtoleavefast.他沒有一點同情心所以我們得快點離開。mercyn．慈悲，憐憫，同情心[歸納拓展](1)atthemercyof受……的支配；任由……擺布It'samercythat...幸運的是，幸虧showmercyto＝have/takemercyon同情，可憐withmercy仁慈地withoutmercy毫不留情地begformercy討?zhàn)?2)mercifuladj.仁慈的，寬容的(3)mercifullyadv.仁慈地，寬恕地(1)Wewereatthemercyoftheweather.我們受制于天氣。(2)It'samercythattheaccidenthappenedsoneartothehospital.幸虧事故發(fā)生在離醫(yī)院很近的地方。(3)Weshowednomercytobadpeople.我們對壞人決不留情。[即學即練](1)用適當?shù)慕樵~填空①AntoniowassomercifulthatheevenshowedmercytoShylock.②Havinglosttheengine'spower，theboatwasnowatthemercyofthewind.③Sheisakind-heartedwomanandoftenhasmercyonpeoplewhoareintrouble.④Thecruelmankilledtheinjureddogwithoutmercy.(2)句型轉換Sheisakind-heartedwomanandoftenhasmercyonpeoplewhoareintrouble.→Sheisakind-heartedwomanandoftenshowsmercytopeoplewhoareintrouble.3．(教材P42)Andwe'dhaveabasementandatleastthreewash-roomssowhenwewantedtobathewewouldn'thavetotelleverybody.我們將有一間地下室，還有至少三個洗手間，這樣我們想洗澡的時候就不用告訴每個人了。bathevi.洗澡；沐浴vt.給……洗澡[歸納拓展]eq\x(\a\al(gobathing去洗澡,bebathedin/with沐浴在……中,bathn.洗澡；浴缸,have/takeabath洗澡))(1)Haveyoubathedyourbabyyet?你給你的小孩洗澡了嗎？(2)Thesmallvillageisbathedinbrilliantsunshine.小村子沐浴在燦爛的陽光里。(3)Itiswonderfulforustohave/takeabathonsohotaday.對我們來說，在這么熱的天里游泳很棒。[即學即練](1)用bath的適當形式填空①Thesunbegantoriseinthesky，bathingthemountainingoldenlight.②Bathedinthewarmsunlight，Isoonfellasleeponthesunnybeach.(2)完成句子①Thenurseswere/are_bathingthebabies.護士們正在給嬰兒們洗澡。②Shealwaysmadepeopletalkingwithherseemtobe_bathed_inthewarmbreeze.她總是使和她交談的人感覺像沐浴在和煦的微風中。1．(教材P42)ThehouseonMangoStreetisours，andwedon'thavetopayrenttoanybody，orsharetheyardwiththepeopledownstairs，orbecarefulnottomaketoo_muchnoise，andworriedaboutthelandlordbeingangry.芒果街的房子是我們的，我們不用向任何人交房租，不用和樓下的住戶共用一個院子，不用小心翼翼地不大聲喧嘩，也不用擔心房東生氣。sharesthwithsb與某人合用/分享某物[歸納拓展1]eq\x(\a\al(sharev.分享，共享，共用n.分配或參與部分，一份；一份責任,sharein分享，分擔,goshares分攤，平分))注意：share用作及物動詞時，接名詞、代詞作賓語，可用于被動結構。用作不及物動詞時，與in連用，后常與抽象名詞連用(如cost，joys，fun，troubles，happiness等)。(1)Theydividethemoneyintoequalshares.他們把錢分成相等的份數(shù)。(2)Itrytogetthekidstoshareinthehousework.我努力讓孩子們分擔家務活。[即學即練1](1)Canyoushareyourexperienceswith_us?你能和我們分享你的經(jīng)歷嗎？(2)I'llgo_shares_with_youinthetravelingexpenses.我將和你分擔旅費。(3)LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell，Clare—youmustlearnto_share.克萊爾，讓哈利也玩你的玩具——你必須學會分享。[歸納拓展2]eq\x(toomuch太多的；后面跟不可數(shù)名詞，too是用來加強much語氣的。)(1)I'vegotfartoomuchtodo.我要做的事情太多了。(2)Youworrytoomuch.你過于擔心了。(3)Thisdietcontainstoomuchsugarandfat.這種飲食含有太多的糖和脂肪。[易混辨析]toomuch/muchtootoomuch意思為“太多”，用作形容詞，用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞或動詞，表示“很多”muchtoo意思為“太，非常，很”，為程度副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，放在所修飾的詞前面[即學即練2](4)用toomuch/muchtoo填空①Hetalkedtoo_much.②It'smuch_toohottoday.③Theyatetoo_muchfood.(5)It'shightimeyouhadyourhaircut；it'sgettingmanytoolong.(單句改錯)many→much2．(教材P42)Buteven_so，it'snotthehousewethoughtwe'dget.但即使這樣，那也不是我們想得到的房子。evenso即使這樣；盡管如此[歸納拓展]eq\x(\a\al(evenif/though即使；縱然,evennow/then甚至到現(xiàn)在那時；即便如此那樣))(1)Therearealotofspellingmistakes；evenso，it'squiteagoodessay.盡管有許多拼寫錯誤，但它仍不失為一篇佳作。(2)ManycollegestudentsaregoingtohaveproblemsinfindingjobseveniftheygetAlevels.很多大學生即使通過了高級水平考試，他們以后找工作也會有難題。(3)Ihaveexplainedagainandagain，butevennowtheydonotunderstand.我已解釋了一遍又一遍，盡管如此，他們還是不明白。[即學即練](1)完成句子①However，even_so(盡管如此)hecouldnotshutoffthenoise.②Hewilleontimeeven_if/though(即使)itrains.(2)單句改錯①Itwasraining，butevenifwehadtogoout.if→so②Eventhen，theystressedthereisroomforhope.then→so3．(教材P42)Andwe'dhaveabasementandat_leastthreewashroomssowhenwewantedtobathewewouldn'thavetotelleverybody.我們將有一間地下室，有至少三個衛(wèi)生間。這樣我們想洗澡時就不用告訴每個人。atleast至少[歸納拓展]eq\x(\a\al(atthemost至多，不超過,notintheleast＝notatall一點也不,leastofall最不應該；尤其不,nottheleast一點也沒有))(1)Itrequiresatleasttwodays.這事至少需要兩天。(2)Itdoesnotmatterintheleast.這毫無關系。[即學即練](1)Shemaybeslow，butat_leastsheisreliable.她可能遲鈍，但至少她很可靠。(2)Therailwaywillbepletedinsixmonthsat_(the)_most.這條鐵路至多再過六個月就會完工。(3)Thehousestillneededalotofwork，butat_leastthekitchenwasfinished.這房子還需要做很多工作，不過至少廚房已經(jīng)完工了。4．(教材P42)ThiswasthehousePapatalkedaboutwhenhedreamed_ofbeingrichandthiswasthehouseMamadreamedupinthestoriesshetoldusbeforewewenttobed.這是爸爸夢想富有時所說的房子，也是在睡覺前媽媽給我們講的故事中她所構想的房子。dreamof夢想；渴望[歸納拓展]eq\x(\a\al(dreamn.夢，夢想v.做夢，夢想,dreamabout/of夢想，后跟名詞/代詞/動名詞,dreamup虛構；憑空想象,dream/havea...dream做一個……夢))(1)Onlyattheageof18，Isawbeforemethemostexcitingprospectsanarchitectcandreamof.只有在18歲時，我看到了一個建筑師夢寐以求的錦繡前程。(2)Weusedtodreamaboutlivingabroad.過去我們常常夢想去國外生活。(3)It'sstrangethatyoudreamupanovelidealikethis.真奇怪你竟能想出這么新奇的主意來。[即學即練](1)用dream短語的適當形式填空①Ishouldn'tdream_of/aboutgoingunlessyouwantedme.②Shecanalwaysdream_upsomenewreasonsfornotdoinganythingunpleasant.(2)語法填空①The“ChineseDream”isadreamtoimprovepeople'swell-beingandadreamofharmony，peaceanddevelopment.②Formanyyears，peoplehave_dreamed(dream)ofelectriccars.However，makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted.5．(教材P42)It'ssmallandredwithnarrowstepsinfrontandwindowssosmallthatyou'dthinktheywereholding_their_breath.房子很小，還是紅色的，前面有狹窄的臺階，窗戶小得讓你覺得它們在屏住呼吸。holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸[歸納拓展]eq\x(\a\al(catchone'sbreath喘息,inthesamebreath同時，異口同聲,loseone'sbreath喘不上氣來,outofbreath氣喘吁吁，上氣不接下氣,takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣,shortofbreath呼吸困難))(1)Sheheldherbreathastherunnersrushedtowardsthefinishingline.當賽跑運動員向終點線沖刺時，她緊張得屏住了呼吸。(2)Ineedtimetocatchmybreathafterrunningsolong.跑這么久以后我需要時間喘口氣。(3)WhenIgottothefinishingline，Iwasoutofbreath.到達終點線時，我已上氣不接下氣了。(4)Iwasshortofbreathafterrunning.跑步后，我呼吸困難。[即學即練](1)用所給動詞的適當形式填空①Heheld(hold)hisbreathwhiletheresultswerereadout.②Hetook(take)adeepbreathanddivedintothepool.③Whenhegotthere，helost(lose)hisbreath.(2)完成句子①Onhearingthenews，theyallsaid“yes”in_the_same_breath.聽到這個消息，他們都異口同聲地說“yes”。②Ericcamerunningintotheroom，out_of_breath.埃里克跑進房間，氣喘吁吁。1．(教材P42)Butwhat_I_remembered_mostismovingalot.但我記得最多的是(我們)搬了很多次家。[歸納拓展]本句中whatIrememberedmost為主語從句，what在從句中充當賓語。what引導名詞性從句時，可在從句中充當主語、表語和賓語。when，where，why，how，who等疑問詞也可引導主語從句。(1)Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtoothers.你所做的事情可能會對別人有害。(2)Heisn'twhatheusedtobe.他不再是以前的他了。(3)Itisnotdecidedwhowillbesenttogoabroad.誰要被送出國還沒決定。(4)Whyhedidthatisstillnotclear.他為什么那么做還不清楚。[即學即練](1)語法填空①—Whatamess！Youarealwayssolazy!—I'mnottoblame，mum.Iamwhatyouhavemademe.②Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoingwhatyou'reafraidtodo.③Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.(2)Itisbynomeansclearthatthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.(單句改錯)that→what2．(教材P42)Each_timeitseemedthere'dbeonemoreofus.每次搬家我們都覺得還會再搬。[歸納拓展]eachtime此處作為副詞，意為“每次”，eachtime還可以作為連詞引導時間狀語從句，可以和everytime替換，表示“每次，每當”，相當于whenever/nomatterwhen，常和一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時連用，強調(diào)動作的經(jīng)常性。(1)Eachtimeshesmilessosweetly.每次她都笑得那么甜。(2)Hedidthingsinthatwayeachtime.他每次都那樣做事。(3)EverytimeImeether，Ialwaysforgethername.每次見到她我總忘了她的名字。(4)EachtimeIseehim，helooksmiserable.每次我看見他，他都是一副愁眉苦臉的樣子。[即學即練](1)句型轉換“Everytimeyoueatasweet，drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymotherusedtotellme.→“Nomatterwhenyoueatasweet，drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymothe