外刊精讀與練習(xí)

純素快餐的流行趨勢(shì)

導(dǎo)讀：

英國(guó)人喜歡吃快餐。然而，越來(lái)越多的人正在轉(zhuǎn)向素食和植物性飲食。

這是否意味著這些人不能再享受那些美味的經(jīng)典快餐？情況似乎不是這

樣一一歡迎加入純素食快餐潮流。純素快餐為什么如此受歡迎？它比普

通快餐更健康嗎？本期“外刊精讀〃介紹純素食快餐的流行趨勢(shì)。

一、語(yǔ)篇泛讀

Therearearound600,000vegansintheUK,accordingtoTheVegan

Society.That'sjustover1%ofthepopulation-anamountexpectedto

increaseto25%by2025.Andifthere'sonetypeoffoodthatBritslove,

it'sfastfood.True,it'snotthemostnutritious,butthere'snothingquite

likethecrunchofcrispychips,orthatfirstbigbiteintoajuicyhamburger.

PeopleintheUKlovejunkfoodsomuchthattherewasa34%increasein

thenumberoffastfoodoutletsfrom2010to2018,accordingtotheOffice

forNationalStatistics.It'snosurprise,then,thatveganfastfoodisalsoon

therise.

Veganfastfoodhasbecomebigbusiness.AtJustEat,anonlinefood

deliverycompany,veganordersmorethandoubledin2018,aspokesperson

toldtheBBC.Greggs,achainofhigh-streetbakeries,nameditsvegan

sausagerollthe'fastest-sellingproductinsixyears'.Andbigfranchises

suchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechickennuggetsto

comeinthefuture.

What'sdrivingthispopularity?KatrinaFox,founderofVeganBusiness

Media,believesit'stheresultofsocialmediaandthebreakingdownof

stereotypes."Veganfcodisnolongerseenasabitoflettuceandlentils-

youcaneatprettymuchanything/'shetoldtheBBC.

It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.JohnMarulanda,owner

ofMooshies-aveganburgerbarinLondon-wantstoimplement"achange

toahealthyversionoffastfood."Something,heclaims,thatcomesasa

resultoftheinherentnutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.

But,isveganfastfoodactuallyhealthy?AzminaGovindjioftheBritish

DieteticAssociationsays"nottoassume"thatisthecase."It'sfineifthose

productshavegotvitaminB12,iodineorcalciumaddedtothem...butthey

canstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,fattysaucesandlotsof

salt."

Giventhecurrentgrowthinorders,thetrendforveganfastfoodisn't

likelytodisappearanytimesoon.Health-wise,itmaynotbeany

morenourishingthanregularfastfood,butformany,thelackofanimal

sufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.

二、詞匯表

vegan嚴(yán)格素食主義者

fastfood快餐

nutritious營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的

crispy酥脆的

juicy多汁的

junkfood垃圾食品

bakery面包店

meat-free無(wú)肉的

nugget小塊食品

lentil扁豆

nutritionalvalue營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值

ingredient（食品）成分，原料

vitamin維生素

iodine碘

calcium鈣

fried油炸的

creamy像奶油的

fatty富含脂肪的

sauce醬，調(diào)味汁

nourishing富有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的

三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)

閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1.Trueorfalse:ThenumberofvegansintheUKisexpectedtofallby

2025.

2.Whatevidenceistherethatveganfastfoodhasbecomepopular?

3.AccordingtoKatrinaFox,whatismakingveganfoodpopular?

4.AccordingtoAzminaGovindji,whyshouldwenotassumethatvegan

fastfoodishealthy?

5.Whichwordinthetextmeans'existingasanaturalorbasicpartof

something,?

請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填

入句子的空格處。

1.Idon'twanttoeatfastfoodtonight.Ifeellikesomethingmore

newtrishusnutritious

vitaminfried

2.Beforecookinganything,Iliketogathertogetherallthe

needtomaketherecipe.

veganjunkfood

ingredientsiodine

3.Weencouragechildrentodrinkmilkbecauseit'sagoodsource

oftokeeptheirboneshealthy.

vitamincalcium

fastfoodingredients

4.Ialwayspreferthick,chunkysouptothin,waterysoup.Whensoup

hasthickvegetablesinit,it'smuchmore.

nutritionnutrients

nourishmentnourishing

5.Ican'teattoomanysausages.Ilovetheirtaste,butthey're

tooIpreferrriymeatleaner.

creamyfatty

friedvegan

參考答案

閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1.Trueorfalse:ThenumberofvegansintheUKisexpectedtofallby

False.By2025,25%oftheUKpopulationisexpectedtobevegan.

2.Whatevidenceistherethatveganfastfoodhasbecomepopuar?

JustEatsaysthatveganordersmorethandoubledin2018.Greggs'

fastest-sellingproductin6yearswasavegansausagerollandbig

franchisessuchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechicken

nuggets.

3.AccordingtoKatrinaFox,whatismakingveganfoodpopular?

KatrinaFoxbelievesit'stheresultofsocialmediaandthebreakingdown

ofstereotypes.

4.AccordingtoAzminaGovindji,whyshouldwenotassumethatvegan

fciblfoodishealIhy?

Becausethoseproductscanstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,

fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.

5.Whichwordinthetextmeans'existingasanaturalorbasicpartof

something'?

Inherent.(Something,heclaims,thatcomesasaresultoftheinherent

nutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.)

請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填

入句子的空格處。

1.Idon'twanttoeatfastfoodtonight.Ifeellikesomething

morenutritious.

2.Beforecookinganything,Iliketogathertogetherall

theingredientsIneedtomaketherecipe.

3.Weencouragechildrentodrinkmilkbecauseit'sagoodsource

ofcalciumtokeeptheirboneshealthy.

4.Ialwayspreferthick,chunkysouptothin,waterysoup.Whensoup

hasthickvegetablesinit,it'smuchmorenourishing.

5.Ican'teattoomanysausages.Ilovetheirtaste,butthey're

toofatty.Iprefermymeatleaner.

既環(huán)保又耐用的未來(lái)服裝面料

導(dǎo)讀：

“快時(shí)尚〃(fastfashion)產(chǎn)業(yè)的興起讓消費(fèi)者們能以低廉的價(jià)格買到

緊跟潮流的時(shí)裝，但這也意味著新的衣服往往沒(méi)穿多久就會(huì)被送往垃圾場(chǎng)

填埋或被焚燒。這一現(xiàn)象推動(dòng)了人們對(duì)長(zhǎng)久、耐用的紡織物的需求。本期

“外刊精讀〃介紹這些新型的服裝材料，并探討怎樣才能讓追求時(shí)尚這件

事變得更環(huán)保。

一、語(yǔ)篇泛讀

Choosingwhattowearcanbeatrickyproblem,especiallyifyou're

afashionvictim.Tryingtokeepupwiththelateststylesinvolvesregular

visitstotheshopsandsometimesforkingoutfor

expensivedesignerclothes.Butwhenthefashionchanges,theseclothes

languishinthebackofcupboardsgatheringdust,orjustgetthrownaway.

Therearemanystoresthatnowoffercheap"fastfashion*-Iov/-price

itemsthatimitatethestylesofmoreexpensivedesignerbrands.

Environmentalistsareangeredbytheamountofenergyinvolvedinmaking

theseclothesandthatmanyofthemaremadefrom

non-recyclablematerials.Thismeansthatitemsarejustincineratedorgo

intolandfill.

WritingaboutthisfortheBBC,EleanorLawriesaysthatpeopleinthe

UKaretheworstinEuropefordoingthis-withamilliontonnesof

unwantedtextilesayearbeingdiscarded.Andshesays"ontopofoften

poorlabourconditionsforgarmentworkers,thefashionindustryis

responsiblefor70%oftheworld'swastewater,and10%ofcarbon

emissions.”

Thisissomethingthefashionindustryisbecomingmoreawareofand

hasledtoanewcropofbiomaterialsthatreplacewastefultextiles

likecottonandleather.ExamplesincludePinatex,aleather-likesubstance

madefromdiscardedpineappleleaves.It'sbeenusedincollectionsby

HugoBossandH&M,Andthere'smycelium,therootstructureof

mushrooms,that/sbeingusedtocreatefood,packagingandtextiles.

Cottonisaveryresource-intensecroptogrow.EleanorLawriesays

“about15,000litersofwater[are]requiredtomakeonepairofjeans."So,

buyingorganiccottonisabetterchoice.AndthereisalsoTencel,also

knownasLyocelI,aridluralproductIhdl'snowgrowinginpupularily.Il's

madebyextractingcellulosefiberfromtrees;itsmanufactureisthoughtto

use95%lesswaterthancottonprocessing.

Butcreatingsustainabletextilesisonlypartofthebattle-

buyingethically,buyingsecondhandandbuyingfewerclothesarethe

obviousenvironmentallyfriendlychoices.DrRichardBlackburnfromLeeds

SchoolofDesigntoldtheBBCthat"Idon'tthinkyoushouldconsiderbuying

anyitemofclothingunlessyoucommitto30wears.Unlessyoucandothat

you'renotevenstartingtobesustainable/7

二、詞匯表

fashionvictim盲目追求時(shí)尚的人

style（服裝）風(fēng)格，流行式樣

forkout（不情愿地）付錢(qián)

designer出自著名設(shè)計(jì)師的，名牌的

fastfashion“快時(shí)尚〃，指更新頻率高、價(jià)格低廉、緊跟時(shí)尚風(fēng)潮的

服裝

material材料

incinerate焚燒

landfill垃圾填埋場(chǎng)

textile紡織品

discarded被丟棄的

garmentworker服裝工人

biomaterial生物材料

cotton棉

leather皮革

Pihatex“菠蘿皮革〃，用菠蘿葉制成的替代皮革面料

collection（服裝品牌推出的）時(shí)裝系列

organic有機(jī)的

Tencel“天絲絨〃

Lyocell萊賽爾纖維

cellulosefibre再生纖維素纖維

sustainable可持續(xù)的

ethically符合道德準(zhǔn)則地

三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)

閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1.Whathappenstomanyoftheclothesthatcan'tberecycled?

2.WhichEuropeancountryistheworstforthrowingawayunv/anted

clothes?

3.Trueorfalse?UsingthenaturalproductTencelasanalternativeto

cotton,uses15,000litreslesswatertomakeonepairofjeans.

4.WhatdoesRichardBlackburn,fromLeedsSchoolofDesign,

recommendcommittingtowhenbuyinganitemofclothing?

5.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans:"existinanunv/anted

situationforalongtime'.

請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填

入句子中的空格處。

1.Goingtouniversitycanbeexpensive-I'malwaysfortext

books,pens,foodandgoingouteverynight!

forkoutforkingout

outforkingforkingup

2.Iwenttoagreatfashionshowwheretheyshowedlotsofthe

latestclothes-butIcouldn'taffordtobuythem.

stylecollection

designerethically

3.Myboyfriendboughtmeat-shirtmadefromhemp.Ifeelgood

wearingsomethingmadefromamaterialthatwillhepthe

environment.

sustainableethically

cottonsubstance

4.Iwenttoapartyandsawmybosswearingasillydressmadefrom

feathers-sheisobviouslya.

fashionvictimsfashionablevictim

fashionsvictimfashionvictim

5.Thecarwascompletelywhenitcaughtfireaftertheengine

over-heated.

sustainablesubstance

carbonemissionsincinerated

參考答案

閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1.Whathappenstomanyoftheclothesthatcan'tberecycled?

Manyitemsarejustincinerated(burned)orgointolandfill.

2.WhichEuropeancountryistheworstforthrowingawayunv/anted

clothes?

TheBBC'sEleanorLawriesaysthatpeopleintheUKaretheworstin

Europe.Amilliontonnesofunwantedtextilesayeararediscarded.

3.Trueorfalse?UsingthenaturalproductTencelasanalternativeto

cotton,uses15,000litreslesswatertomakeonepairofjeans.

False.About15,000litresofwater[are]requiredtomakeonepairof

jeanswithcottonbutTencelisthoughttouse95%lesswaterthancotton

processing.

4.WhatdoesRichardBlackburn,fromLeedsSchoolofDesign,

recommendcommittingtowhenbuyinganitemofclothing?

RichardBlackburn,fromLeedsSchoolofDesign,toldtheBBCthat"Idon't

thinkyoushouldconsiderbuyinganyitemofclothingunlessyoucommit

to30wears.w

5.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans:'existinanunv/anted

situationforalongtime".

Languish.(Whenthefashionchanges,theseclotheslanguishinthebackof

cupboardsgatheringdustorjustgetthrownaway.)

請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填

入句子中的空格處。

1.Goingtouniversitycanbeexpensive-I'malwaysforkingoutfor

textbooks,pens,foodandgoingouteverynight!

2.Iwenttoagreatfashionshowwheretheyshowedlotsofthe

latestdesignerclothes-butIcouldn'taffordtobuythem.

3.Myboyfriendboughtmeat-shirtmadefromhemp.Ifeelgood

wearingsomethingmadefromasustainablematerialthatwillhelpthe

environment.

4.Iwenttoapartyandsawmybosswearingasillydressmadefrom

feathers-sheisobviouslyafashionvictim.

5.Thecarwascompletelyincineratedwhenitcaughtfireafterthe

engineover-heated.

英國(guó)傳統(tǒng)購(gòu)物街的未來(lái)

導(dǎo)讀：

英國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)街被稱為“highstreet"高街，這是購(gòu)物者過(guò)去購(gòu)買

時(shí)尚品牌和必需品的地方，也是能找到熟悉高街品牌商店和連鎖咖琲館的

地方。然而現(xiàn)在，面對(duì)來(lái)自大型購(gòu)物中心和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)購(gòu)物的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，傳統(tǒng)購(gòu)物

街的數(shù)量逐年減少，再也不見(jiàn)往日的熙攘。本期“外刊精讀”討論英國(guó)購(gòu)

物街近年來(lái)的變化。

一、語(yǔ)篇泛讀

Doyoulikeshopping?ForshopaholicsintheUK,theplacetoheadto

usetobethe/highstreet'.Thislocationreferstothestreetsinthecenter

ofatownwherebusinessesandpopularbranchesofretailchainscouldbe

found.Itwastheplacewhereyoucouldfindfamiliarfashionbrandsand

essentialeverydayitems.Butchangeinourshoppinghabitshastakenits

tollontheBritishhighstreet.

Newsaboutshopslosingmoneyandshuttingisnowcommon.Some

city-centredepartmentstoreshaveclosedandeven

long-establishedretailerssuchasMarksandSpencerhavereportedprofit

slumps.AccordingtotheaccountancyfirmPricewaterhouseCoopersand

theLocalDataCompany,arecord2,481shopsdisappearedfromUKhigh

streetslastyear-upby40%.Evensomelargewarehouse-style

storesinout-of-townretailparks,havegonebustandshutupshop.

AstheBBC'sEmmaSimpsonwrites,thingshavebecomealotharder

fortraditionalretailersinrecentyears.Theyhavefacedrisingcostsfrom

wages,businessratesandtherequirementtointroduceEurope'snewdata

law.Butthebiggestthreathascomefromonlineshopping.Shesays

Consumersnowspendoneineveryfivepoundsonline-andifbusinesses

areseeing20%fewersalesontheshopfloor,aswellastheirfixed

costsrising,thenprofitmarginswillbesqueezed//

Whilesomeofusliketowindowshop-browsingforthingstobuy,

onlytopurchasethemonlineatadiscount-thefactisthat,overall,

shoppersaremakingfewervisitstohighstreets.Eventually,towncentres

couldbecomelikeghosttowns.Ifpeoplearen'toutandaboutshopping,

theywon'tuseotherservices,likecafes,restaurantsandcinemas.Italso

resultsinjoblosses.TheBritishRetailConsortiumhasalreadywarnedthat

900,000UKretailjobscouldbelostby2025.Thehighstreethasalso

sufferedfromtheacventofbigshoppingmails,whichofferaretail

experienceunderone「oof,withfreeparking,awayfromthebadweather!

Meanwhile,backonthehighstreet,someshopsstillexist.Analysts

havesaidit'sthosethathavemovedawayfromtraditionalretailingthat

aresurviving.Theseincludebeautysalons,nailbarsandindependent

coffeeshops-butarethesekindsofshopsenoughtokeeptheBritishhigh

streetopenforbusiness?

二、詞匯表

shopaholic購(gòu)物狂

branch分店

retailchain連鎖店

brand品牌

takeitstoll造成損失

departmentstore百貨公司

retailer零售商

profit利潤(rùn)

slump猛跌，下滑

warehouse-stylestore倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)式商店

out-of-town城外的，市郊的

retailpark（郊外的）購(gòu)物區(qū),零售商業(yè)區(qū)

bust破產(chǎn)的

businessrate商業(yè)稅

consumer消費(fèi)者

shopfloor實(shí)體店里,商店里

fixedcosts固定成本

margin利潤(rùn)

windowshop只逛不買；瀏覽商店櫥窗，但無(wú)意購(gòu)買

browse隨意看

ghosttown"鬼鎮(zhèn)"，被廢棄的城鎮(zhèn)

shoppingmall購(gòu)物中心

beautysalon美容院

nailbar美甲店

三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)

閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatsortofthingscouldyoubuyona

traditionalBritishhighstreet?

2.Whyareshopsonthehighstreetbecomingmoreexpensiveto

operate?

3.Trueorfalse?Peoplearevisitingthehighstreetlessbecausethey

looklikeghosttowns.

4.Whatcanyoudowithyourcaratmanylargeshoppingmalls?

5.AccordingtotheBritishRetailConsortium,whatmightbelostby

2025?

請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填

入句子的空格處。

1.Haveyouseenthisnewshoppingwebsite?Itsellsallmyfavourite

athalftheusualprice!

brandbranded

brandingbrands

2.seemtobewakinguptotheideathatshoppersbuymoreif

theyareofferedadiscount.

retailersconsumers

branchesindependent

3.Thestressofhisjobhasonhisbody-helookslikehe's60

eventhoughhe'sonly39!

takeatolltakenitstoll

takenthetolltakesatoll

4.Iprefertos