2025年注冊城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃師考試城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃專業(yè)英語詞匯試題考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本部分共20題，每題1分，共20分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有一個(gè)是符合題目要求的，請將正確選項(xiàng)字母填在題后的括號內(nèi)。）1.Whatisthecorrecttermfor"urbanplanning"inEnglish?A.CitydevelopmentB.UrbandesignC.UrbanplanningD.Regionalplanning（答案：C）2.Whichwordbestdescribes"zoning"inthecontextofurbanplanning?A.DividingB.RegulatingC.DevelopingD.Constructing（答案：B）3.Whatdoes"brownfield"meaninurbanplanning?A.AnewconstructionsiteB.AcontaminatedareaC.AgreenspaceD.Ahistoricallandmark（答案：B）4."Landuse"inurbanplanningrefersto:A.ThetotalareaofacityB.HowlandisusedfordifferentpurposesC.TheheightofbuildingsD.Thepopulationdensity（答案：B）5.Whatisthetermfor"publicspace"inurbanplanning?A.PrivateparkB.StreetC.PlazaD.Highway（答案：C）6."Sustainabledevelopment"inurbanplanningmeans:A.BuildingasmuchaspossibleB.UsingresourcesinawaythatmeetscurrentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerationsC.IncreasingpopulationdensityD.Removingallgreenspaces（答案：B）7.Whatdoes"masterplan"meaninurbanplanning?A.AdetailedplanforasmallareaB.Along-termplanforanentirecityorregionC.AtemporaryconstructionprojectD.Aplanforasinglebuilding（答案：B）8."Infrastructure"inurbanplanningincludes:A.RoadsandbridgesB.SchoolsandhospitalsC.ParksandplaygroundsD.Alloftheabove（答案：D）9.Whatisthetermfor"gentrification"inurbanplanning?A.TheprocessofturningrundownareasintotrendyneighborhoodsB.TheincreaseofindustrialzonesC.ThedevelopmentofruralareasD.Thereductionofurbansprawl（答案：A）10."Urbanrenewal"refersto:A.BuildingnewcitiesB.RedevelopingoldareastoimprovethemC.IncreasingruraldevelopmentD.Removingalloldbuildings（答案：B）11.Whatdoes"communityparticipation"meaninurbanplanning?A.LettingbusinessesdecidehowcitiesshouldgrowB.InvolvingresidentsinplanningdecisionsC.ForcingpeopletomovetonewareasD.Ignoringlocalneeds（答案：B）12."Landuseplanning"isalsoknownas:A.UrbandesignB.RegionalplanningC.SpatialplanningD.Environmentalplanning（答案：C）13.Whatisthetermfor"mixed-usedevelopment"inurbanplanning?A.HavingonlyresidentialbuildingsB.Combiningresidential,commercial,andrecreationalspacesC.BuildingonlyinoneareaD.Havingonlyindustrialzones（答案：B）14."Transportationplanning"focuseson:A.BuildingmoreroadsB.ImprovinghowpeoplemovearoundacityC.RemovingallpublictransportationD.Encouragingpeopletodrivemore（答案：B）15.Whatdoes"socioeconomic"meaninurbanplanning?A.OnlyaboutmoneyB.AbouthowpeopleliveandworkC.OnlyaboutbuildingsD.Onlyaboutnature（答案：B）16."Greenbelt"inurbanplanningrefersto:A.AringofgreenspacearoundacityB.AtypeofparkC.AresidentialareaD.Anindustrialzone（答案：A）17.Whatisthetermfor"smartcity"inurbanplanning?A.AcitywithlotsoftechnologyB.AcitywithnotechnologyC.AcitywithonlytraditionalinfrastructureD.Acitywithnopeople（答案：A）18."Urbansprawl"means:A.Buildingup,notoutB.Buildingoutwards,spreadingoutC.BuildingonlyinthecitycenterD.Buildingonlyinruralareas（答案：B）19.Whatdoes"brownfieldredevelopment"meaninurbanplanning?A.DevelopingnewbrownfieldsB.Cleaningupandreusingold,contaminatedsitesC.BuildingnewindustrialzonesD.Removingallbrownfields（答案：B）20."Publictransportation"inurbanplanningincludes:A.BusesandtrainsB.CarsandtaxisC.BicyclesandwalkingD.Alloftheabove（答案：A）二、填空題（本部分共10題，每題2分，共20分。請將答案填寫在橫線上。）21.Theprocessofplanninghowlandisusedinacityiscalled_______.（答案：landuseplanning）22.Along-termplanforthegrowthanddevelopmentofacityisa_______.（答案：masterplan）23.Thetermformakingold,abandonedareasusefulagainis_______.（答案：brownfieldredevelopment）24.Involvinglocalpeopleinplanningdecisionsiscalled_______.（答案：communityparticipation）25.Aringofgreenspacearoundacitytopreventsprawlisa_______.（答案：greenbelt）26.Buildingsthatcombinehomes,shops,andofficesareexamplesof_______.（答案：mixed-usedevelopment）27.Thefocusonimprovinghowpeoplemovearoundacityiscalled_______.（答案：transportationplanning）28.Acitythatusesalotoftechnologytoimproveservicesisa_______.（答案：smartcity）29.Thespreadofdevelopmentoutwardsfromacitycenteriscalled_______.（答案：urbansprawl）30.Thetermforareasthathavebeencontaminatedbyindustrialactivityis_______.（答案：brownfield）三、判斷題（本部分共15題，每題1分，共15分。請將你認(rèn)為正確的用“√”表示，錯(cuò)誤的用“×”表示。）31.Urbanplanningisonlyaboutbuildingnewbuildings.（答案：×）32.Zoningistheprocessofdividingacityintodifferentareasforspecificuses.（答案：√）33.Brownfieldsarealwaysdangeroustolivenear.（答案：×）34.Amasterplaniscreatedforaveryshortperiod,likeoneyear.（答案：×）35.Infrastructureincludesthingslikeroads,bridges,andpublictransportation.（答案：√）36.Communityparticipationisnotimportantinurbanplanning.（答案：×）37.Mixed-usedevelopmentmeanshavingonlyresidentialbuildingsinanarea.（答案：×）38.Transportationplanningonlyfocusesonbuildingmoreroads.（答案：×）39.Agreenbeltisagoodwaytoprotecttheenvironmentaroundacity.（答案：√）40.Smartcitiesusetechnologytomakelifebetterforresidents.（答案：√）41.Urbansprawlisalwaysbadforacity.（答案：×）42.Brownfieldredevelopmentmeanscleaningupandreusingoldindustrialsites.（答案：√）43.Publictransportationislessimportantthanprivatevehicles.（答案：×）44.Landuseplanningisthesameasurbandesign.（答案：×）45.Amasterplanisadetailedplanforasmallarea,notthewholecity.（答案：×）四、簡答題（本部分共5題，每題4分，共20分。請簡要回答下列問題。）46.Whatisthedifferencebetweenamasterplanandazoningordinance?（答案：Amasterplanisalong-term,comprehensiveplanfortheentirecityorregion,outliningfuturedevelopmentgoals.Azoningordinance,ontheotherhand,arespecificregulationsthatdictatehowlandcanbeusedindifferentareas,suchasresidential,commercial,orindustrialzones.）47.Explaintheconceptofsustainabledevelopmentinurbanplanning.（答案：Sustainabledevelopmentinurbanplanningreferstousingresourcesinawaythatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisincludespreservingnaturalresources,reducingpollution,andensuringthatdevelopmentisequitableandlong-lasting.）48.Whatarethebenefitsofmixed-usedevelopment?（答案：Mixed-usedevelopmentoffersseveralbenefits,suchasreducingtrafficcongestionbyminimizingtheneedforlongcommutes,promotingcommunityinteractionbybringingtogetherpeoplewholive,work,andshopinthesamearea,andenhancingtheoverallvibrancyandsustainabilityofaneighborhood.）49.Describetheroleofinfrastructureinurbanplanning.（答案：Infrastructureplaysacrucialroleinurbanplanningbyprovidingthenecessarysystemsandfacilitiesthatsupportacity'sfunctions.Thisincludestransportationnetworkslikeroadsandpublictransit,utilitieslikewaterandelectricity,andpublicserviceslikeschoolsandhospitals.Properinfrastructureensuresthatacityisfunctional,efficient,andlivable.）50.Whyiscommunityparticipationimportantinurbanplanning?（答案：Communityparticipationisimportantinurbanplanningbecauseitensuresthattheneedsanddesiresoflocalresidentsaretakenintoaccount.Thisleadstomoreinclusiveandeffectiveplanningdecisions,aswellasgreaterpublicsupportfordevelopmentprojects.Whenpeoplefeelinvolved,theyaremorelikelytosupportandusethespacesandservicescreatedthroughtheplanningprocess.）五、論述題（本部分共3題，每題5分，共15分。請就下列問題展開論述。）51.Discussthechallengesandbenefitsofbrownfieldredevelopment.（答案：Brownfieldredevelopmentpresentsbothchallengesandbenefits.Ononehand,cleaningupandredevelopingbrownfieldscanbeexpensiveandcomplex,requiringsignificantenvironmentalremediation.However,italsooffersbenefitssuchasrevitalizingneglectedareas,creatingneweconomicopportunities,andpreventingfurtherurbansprawlbyreusingexistingurbanland.Additionally,brownfieldredevelopmentcanhelptoimprovetheenvironmentbyreducingcontaminationandrestoringnaturallandscapes.）52.Explainhowtransportationplanningcancontributetosustainableurbandevelopment.（答案：Transportationplanningcansignificantlycontributetosustainableurbandevelopmentbypromotingalternativestoprivatevehicles,suchaspublictransit,cycling,andwalking.Byinvestinginefficientandaccessibletransportationsystems,citiescanreducetrafficcongestion,lowerpollutionlevels,anddecreaserelianceonfossilfuels.Thisnotonlyimprovestheenvironmentbutalsoenhancesthequalityoflifeforresidents,makingcitiesmorelivableandsustainable.）53.Describetheimportanceofagreenbeltinurbanplanningandhowitcanbeeffectivelyimplemented.（答案：Agreenbeltisimportantinurbanplanningbecauseithelpstoprotecttheenvironment,preservenaturalhabitats,andpreventurbansprawl.Itcanalsoproviderecreationalspacesforresidents,improveairquality,andcreateabufferbetweenurbanandruralareas.Toeffectivelyimplementagreenbelt,citiesneedtocarefullyplanitsboundaries,ensureitslong-termprotectionthroughzoninglaws,andengagewithlocalcommunitiestomaintainandenhancethesegreenspaces.Thishelpstocreateabalancedandsustainableurbanenvironmentthatbenefitsbothpeopleandtheplanet.）本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.答案：C解析：Urbanplanning是“城市規(guī)劃”的英文，A選項(xiàng)citydevelopment是“城市發(fā)展”，B選項(xiàng)urbandesign是“城市設(shè)計(jì)”，D選項(xiàng)regionalplanning是“區(qū)域規(guī)劃”，只有C選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。2.答案：B解析：Zoning在城市規(guī)劃中的含義是“分區(qū)”，A選項(xiàng)dividing是“分割”，B選項(xiàng)regulating是“管理”，C選項(xiàng)developing是“發(fā)展”，D選項(xiàng)constructing是“建設(shè)”，只有B選項(xiàng)最符合。3.答案：B解析：Brownfield在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“棕地”，即被工業(yè)活動污染的土地，A選項(xiàng)anewconstructionsite是“新建設(shè)場地”，B選項(xiàng)acontaminatedarea是“污染區(qū)域”，C選項(xiàng)agreenspace是“綠地”，D選項(xiàng)ahistoricallandmark是“歷史地標(biāo)”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。4.答案：B解析：Landuse在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“土地利用”，即土地的不同用途，A選項(xiàng)thetotalareaofacity是“城市的總面積”，B選項(xiàng)howlandisusedfordifferentpurposes是“土地用于不同目的的方式”，C選項(xiàng)theheightofbuildings是“建筑的高度”，D選項(xiàng)thepopulationdensity是“人口密度”，只有B選項(xiàng)最符合。5.答案：C解析：Publicspace在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“公共空間”，A選項(xiàng)privatepark是“私人公園”，B選項(xiàng)street是“街道”，C選項(xiàng)plaza是“廣場”，D選項(xiàng)highway是“高速公路”，只有C選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。6.答案：B解析：Sustainabledevelopment在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“可持續(xù)發(fā)展”，即滿足當(dāng)前需求而不損害后代需求的方式，A選項(xiàng)buildingasmuchaspossible是“盡可能多地建設(shè)”，B選項(xiàng)usingresourcesinawaythatmeetscurrentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerations是“以滿足當(dāng)前需求而不損害后代需求的方式使用資源”，C選項(xiàng)increasingpopulationdensity是“增加人口密度”，D選項(xiàng)removingallgreenspaces是“移除所有綠地”，只有B選項(xiàng)最符合。7.答案：B解析：Masterplan在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“總體規(guī)劃”，即一個(gè)城市或地區(qū)的長期發(fā)展計(jì)劃，A選項(xiàng)adetailedplanforasmallarea是“一個(gè)小區(qū)域的詳細(xì)計(jì)劃”，B選項(xiàng)along-termplanforanentirecityorregion是“一個(gè)城市或地區(qū)的長期計(jì)劃”，C選項(xiàng)atemporaryconstructionproject是“一個(gè)臨時(shí)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目”，D選項(xiàng)aplanforasinglebuilding是“一個(gè)單棟建筑的計(jì)劃”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。8.答案：D解析：Infrastructure在城市規(guī)劃中包括“基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，A選項(xiàng)roadsandbridges是“道路和橋梁”，B選項(xiàng)schoolsandhospitals是“學(xué)校和醫(yī)院”，C選項(xiàng)parksandplaygrounds是“公園和游樂場”，D選項(xiàng)alloftheabove是“以上所有”，只有D選項(xiàng)最全面。9.答案：A解析：Gentrification在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“紳士化”，即把破舊地區(qū)變成時(shí)髦社區(qū)的過程，A選項(xiàng)theprocessofturningrundownareasintotrendyneighborhoods是“把破舊地區(qū)變成時(shí)髦社區(qū)的過程”，B選項(xiàng)theincreaseofindustrialzones是“工業(yè)區(qū)增加”，C選項(xiàng)thedevelopmentofruralareas是“農(nóng)村發(fā)展”，D選項(xiàng)thereductionofurbansprawl是“城市蔓延減少”，只有A選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。10.答案：B解析：Urbanrenewal在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“城市更新”，即重新開發(fā)舊區(qū)以改善它們，A選項(xiàng)buildingnewcities是“建設(shè)新城市”，B選項(xiàng)redevelopingoldareastoimprovethem是“重新開發(fā)舊區(qū)以改善它們”，C選項(xiàng)increasingruraldevelopment是“增加農(nóng)村發(fā)展”，D選項(xiàng)removingalloldbuildings是“移除所有舊建筑”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。11.答案：B解析：Communityparticipation在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“社區(qū)參與”，即讓居民參與規(guī)劃決策，A選項(xiàng)lettingbusinessesdecidehowcitiesshouldgrow是“讓企業(yè)決定城市如何發(fā)展”，B選項(xiàng)involvingresidentsinplanningdecisions是“讓居民參與規(guī)劃決策”，C選項(xiàng)forcingpeopletomovetonewareas是“強(qiáng)迫人們搬往新區(qū)域”，D選項(xiàng)ignoringlocalneeds是“忽視當(dāng)?shù)匦枨蟆保挥蠦選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。12.答案：C解析：Landuseplanning在城市規(guī)劃中也稱為“空間規(guī)劃”，A選項(xiàng)urbandesign是“城市設(shè)計(jì)”，B選項(xiàng)regionalplanning是“區(qū)域規(guī)劃”，C選項(xiàng)spatialplanning是“空間規(guī)劃”，D選項(xiàng)environmentalplanning是“環(huán)境規(guī)劃”，只有C選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。13.答案：B解析：Mixed-usedevelopment在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“混合使用發(fā)展”，即結(jié)合住宅、商業(yè)和娛樂空間的建筑，A選項(xiàng)havingonlyresidentialbuildings是“只有住宅建筑”，B選項(xiàng)combiningresidential,commercial,andrecreationalspaces是“結(jié)合住宅、商業(yè)和娛樂空間”，C選項(xiàng)buildingonlyinonearea是“只在一片區(qū)域建設(shè)”，D選項(xiàng)havingonlyindustrialzones是“只有工業(yè)區(qū)”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。14.答案：B解析：Transportationplanning在城市規(guī)劃中關(guān)注“交通規(guī)劃”，即改善人們?nèi)绾卧诔鞘兄幸苿?，A選項(xiàng)buildingmoreroads是“建設(shè)更多道路”，B選項(xiàng)improvinghowpeoplemovearoundacity是“改善人們?nèi)绾卧诔鞘兄幸苿印?，C選項(xiàng)removingallpublictransportation是“移除所有公共交通”，D選項(xiàng)encouragingpeopletodrivemore是“鼓勵人們更多地駕駛”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。15.答案：B解析：Socioeconomic在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“社會經(jīng)濟(jì)”，即人們的生活和工作方式，A選項(xiàng)onlyaboutmoney是“只關(guān)于金錢”，B選項(xiàng)abouthowpeopleliveandwork是“關(guān)于人們的生活和工作”，C選項(xiàng)onlyaboutbuildings是“只關(guān)于建筑”，D選項(xiàng)onlyaboutnature是“只關(guān)于自然”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。16.答案：A解析：Greenbelt在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“綠帶”，即圍繞城市的綠色空間，A選項(xiàng)aringofgreenspacearoundacity是“圍繞城市的綠色空間環(huán)”，B選項(xiàng)atypeofpark是“一種公園”，C選項(xiàng)aresidentialarea是“住宅區(qū)”，D選項(xiàng)anindustrialzone是“工業(yè)區(qū)”，只有A選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。17.答案：A解析：Smartcity在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“智慧城市”，即具有大量技術(shù)的城市，A選項(xiàng)acitywithlotsoftechnology是“具有大量技術(shù)的城市”，B選項(xiàng)acitywithnotechnology是“沒有技術(shù)的城市”，C選項(xiàng)acitywithonlytraditionalinfrastructure是“只有傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的城市”，D選項(xiàng)acitywithnopeople是“沒有人的城市”，只有A選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。18.答案：B解析：Urbansprawl在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“城市蔓延”，即向外擴(kuò)張，散布開來，A選項(xiàng)buildingup,notout是“向上建設(shè)，不是向外”，B選項(xiàng)buildingoutwards,spreadingout是“向外建設(shè)，散布開來”，C選項(xiàng)buildingonlyinthecitycenter是“只在市中心建設(shè)”，D選項(xiàng)buildingonlyinruralareas是“只在農(nóng)村地區(qū)建設(shè)”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。19.答案：B解析：Brownfieldredevelopment在城市規(guī)劃中指的是“棕地再開發(fā)”，即清理和重新利用舊的污染場地，A選項(xiàng)developingnewbrownfields是“開發(fā)新的棕地”，B選項(xiàng)cleaningupandreusingold,contaminatedsites是“清理和重新利用舊的污染場地”，C選項(xiàng)buildingnewindustrialzones是“建設(shè)新的工業(yè)區(qū)”，D選項(xiàng)removingallbrownfields是“移除所有棕地”，只有B選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。20.答案：A解析：Publictransportation在城市規(guī)劃中包括“公共交通”，A選項(xiàng)busesandtrains是“公共汽車和火車”，B選項(xiàng)carsandtaxis是“汽車和出租車”，C選項(xiàng)bicyclesandwalking是“自行車和步行”，D選項(xiàng)alloftheabove是“以上所有”，只有A選項(xiàng)最準(zhǔn)確。二、填空題答案及解析21.答案：landuseplanning解析：Landuseplanning是“土地利用規(guī)劃”，指的是規(guī)劃城市中土地的使用方式。22.答案：masterplan解析：Masterplan是“總體規(guī)劃”，是一個(gè)城市或地區(qū)的長期發(fā)展計(jì)劃。23.答案：brownfieldredevelopment解析：Brownfieldredevelopment是“棕地再開發(fā)”，指的是清理和重新利用舊的污染場地。24.答案：communityparticipation解析：Communityparticipation是“社區(qū)參與”，指的是讓居民參與規(guī)劃決策。25.答案：greenbelt解析：Greenbelt是“綠帶”，指的是圍繞城市的綠色空間。26.答案：mixed-usedevelopment解析：Mixed-usedevelopment是“混合使用發(fā)展”，指的是結(jié)合住宅、商業(yè)和娛樂空間的建筑。27.答案：transportationplanning解析：Transportationplanning是“交通規(guī)劃”，指的是改善人們?nèi)绾卧诔鞘兄幸苿印?8.答案：smartcity解析：Smartcity是“智慧城市”，指的是具有大量技術(shù)的城市。29.答案：urbansprawl解析：Urbansprawl是“城市蔓延”，指的是城市向外擴(kuò)張，散布開來。30.答案：brownfield解析：Brownfield是“棕地”，指的是被工業(yè)活動污染的土地。三、判斷題答案及解析31.答案：×解析：Urbanplanning不只是關(guān)于建設(shè)新建筑，還包括土地使用、交通、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等多個(gè)方面。32.答案：√解析：Zoning是將城市劃分為不同區(qū)域，用于特定用途的過程，這是正確的定義。33.答案：×解析：Brownfields不總是危險(xiǎn)的，經(jīng)過清理和再開發(fā)，它們可以變得安全可用。34.答案：×解析：Masterplan是一個(gè)長期的計(jì)劃，通常涵蓋數(shù)年甚至數(shù)十年，不是短期計(jì)劃。35.答案：√解析：Infrastructure包括道路、橋梁、公共交通等，這些都是城市運(yùn)行的重要設(shè)施。36.答案：×解析：Communityparticipation很重要，因?yàn)樗梢源_保規(guī)劃決策反映當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦男枨蠛鸵庖姟?7.答案：×解析：Mixed-usedevelopment結(jié)合了住宅、商業(yè)和娛樂空間，不是只有住宅建筑。38.答案：×解析：Transportationplanning不僅關(guān)注建設(shè)更多道路，還包括公共交通、自行車道等其他方式。39.答案：√解析：Greenbelt可以保護(hù)城市周圍的環(huán)境，防止城市蔓延，是很好的方式。40.答案：√解析：Smartcities使用技術(shù)來改善居民的生活，如智能交通、智能能源等。41.答案：×解析：Urbansprawl不總是壞的，它可以提供新的居住空間，但過度蔓延會導(dǎo)致問題。42.答案：√解析：Brownfieldredevelopment是清理和重新利用舊的污染場地，是正確的定義。43.答案：×解析：Publictransportation至關(guān)重要，它可以減少交通擁堵和污染，提高效率。44.答案：×解析：Landuseplanning是規(guī)劃土地的使用方式，而urbandesign是關(guān)于城市的設(shè)計(jì)和美學(xué)。45.答案：×解析：Masterplan是一個(gè)城市或地區(qū)的長期計(jì)劃，不是一個(gè)小區(qū)域的詳細(xì)計(jì)劃。四、簡答題答案及解析46.答案：Amasterplanisalong-term,comprehensiveplanfortheentirecityorregion,outliningfuturedevelopmentgoals.Azoningordinance,ontheotherhand,arespecificregulationsthatdictatehowlandcanbeusedindifferentareas,suchasresidential,commercial,orindustrialzones.解析：Masterplan是一個(gè)長期的、全面的計(jì)劃，涵蓋整個(gè)城市或地區(qū)，概述未來的發(fā)展目標(biāo)。而zoningordinance是具體的法規(guī)，規(guī)定不同區(qū)域土地的使用方式，如住宅、商業(yè)或工業(yè)區(qū)。47.答案：Sustainabledevelopmentinurbanplanningreferstousingresourcesinawaythatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisincludespreservingnaturalresources,reducingpollution,andensuringthatdevelopmentisequitableandlong-lasting.解析：Sustainabledevelopment在城市規(guī)劃中指的是以滿足當(dāng)前需求而不損害后代需求的方式使用資源。這包括保護(hù)自然資源、減少污染，并確保發(fā)展是公平和持久的。48.答案：Mixed-usedevelopmentoffersseveralbenefits,suchasreducingtrafficcongestionbyminimizingtheneedforlongcommutes,promotingcommunityinteractionbybringingtogetherpeoplewholive,work,andshopinthesamearea,andenhancingtheoverallvibrancyandsustainabilityofaneighborhood.解析：Mixed-usedevelopment提供了幾個(gè)好處，如通過減少長途通勤需求來減少交通擁堵，通過將居住、工作和購物的人聚集在同一區(qū)域來促進(jìn)社區(qū)互動，并增強(qiáng)一個(gè)社區(qū)的整體活力和可持續(xù)性。49.答案：Infrastructureplaysacrucialroleinurbanplanningbyprovidingthenecessarysystemsandfacilitiesthatsupportacity'sfunctions.Thisincludestransportationnetworkslikeroadsandpublictransit,utilitieslikewaterandelectricity,andpublicserviceslikeschoolsandhospitals.Properinfrastructureensuresthatacityisfunctional,efficient,andlivable.解析：Infrastructure在城市規(guī)劃中起著至關(guān)重要的作用，它提供了支持城市功能所需的系統(tǒng)和設(shè)施。這包括道路和公共交通等交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，水力和電力等公用事業(yè)，以及學(xué)校和醫(yī)院等公共服務(wù)。適當(dāng)?shù)幕A(chǔ)設(shè)施確保城市是功能性的、高效的和宜居的。50.答案：Communityparticipationisimportantinurbanplanningbecauseitensuresthattheneedsanddesiresoflocalresidentsaretakenintoaccount.Thisleadstomoreinclusiveandeffectiveplanningdecisions,aswellasgreaterpublicsupportfordevelopmentprojects.Whenpeoplefeelinvolved,theyaremorelikelytosupportandusethespacesandservicescreatedthroughtheplanningprocess.解析：Communityparticipation在城市規(guī)劃中很重要，因?yàn)樗_保了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦男枨蠛驮竿玫娇紤]。這導(dǎo)致了更具包容性和有效性的規(guī)劃決策，以及人們對發(fā)展項(xiàng)目更大的支持。當(dāng)人們感到參與時(shí)，他們更有可能支持和使用通過規(guī)劃過程創(chuàng)建的空間和服務(wù)。五、論述題答案及解析51.答案：Brownfieldredevelopmentpresentsbothchallengesandbenefits.Ononehand,cleaningupandredevelopingbrownfieldscanbeexpensiveandcomplex,requiringsignificantenvironmentalremediation.However,italsooffersbenefitssuchasrevitalizingneglectedareas,creatingneweconomicopportunities,andpreventingfurtherurbansprawlbyreusingexistingurbanland.Additionally,brownfieldredevelopmentcanhelptoimprovetheenvironmentbyreducingcontaminationandrestoringnaturallandscapes.Despitethechallenges,thebenefitsofbrownfieldre