2025年全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試（PETS）四級(jí)試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)在智慧交通中的應(yīng)用試題考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項(xiàng)選擇要求：本部分共20小題，每小題1分，共20分。每小題有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)題意選擇最佳答案。作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆在答題卡上填涂對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)。1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)referstoanetworkofphysicaldevicesembeddedwithsensors,software,andothertechnologiestoconnectandexchangedatawithotherdevicesandsystemsovertheinternet.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecorepurposeofIoTinsmarttransportation?A.Toprovidereal-timeentertainmenttopassengersthroughconnecteddevices.B.Toenhancetheefficiencyandsafetyoftransportationsystemsbycollectingandanalyzingdata.C.Toenableremotecontrolofallvehiclesinacity.D.Toreplacehumandriverswithautomatedsystemsentirely.2.Inasmarttrafficmanagementsystem,IoTsensorsareinstalledatintersectionstomonitortrafficflow.WhatisaprimarybenefitofusingIoTsensorsinthiscontext?A.Theyreducetheneedfortrafficlightsbyautomaticallyadjustingroadsbasedoncardensity.B.Theygeneraterevenuebychargingdriversforusingspecificlanes.C.Theyimprovetrafficefficiencybyprovidingreal-timedatatotrafficcontrolcenters.D.Theyeliminatetheneedfortrafficpolicebyenforcinglawsthroughautomatedcameras.3.WhichtechnologyiscommonlyusedinIoTdevicesforsmarttransportationtoensuresecuredatatransmission?A.Bluetooth.B.Zigbee.C.5G.D.Wi-Fi.4.SmartparkingsystemsuseIoTtohelpdriversfindavailableparkingspotsquickly.Howdoesthissystemtypicallywork?A.ItsendsalertstodriversviaSMSwhenaparkingspotbecomesavailable.B.Itusescamerastomonitorparkingareasandsendsreal-timeupdatestoamobileapp.C.Itchargesdriversbasedonthetimetheyparkinaspot.D.Itautomaticallyparksvehiclesinavailablespotsusingroboticsystems.5.WhatisakeychallengeinimplementingIoT-basedsmarttransportationsystems?A.Thehighcostofsensorsandinfrastructure.B.Thelackofgovernmentsupportforsuchinitiatives.C.TheinabilityofIoTdevicestocommunicatewitheachother.D.ThelimitedlifespanofbatteriesinIoTdevices.6.Inasmartcity,howcanIoTimprovepublictransportation?A.Byreplacingallbuseswithself-drivingcars.B.Byoptimizingbusroutesbasedonreal-timetrafficdata.C.ByincreasingthefareforpublictransporttofundIoTinfrastructure.D.Byreducingthenumberofbusestosavecosts.7.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofanIoT-enableddeviceusedinsmarttransportation?A.Atraditionaltrafficlight.B.AGPSnavigationsysteminacar.C.Asmarttrafficsignalthatadjustsbasedontrafficconditions.D.Aconventionalspeedometerinavehicle.8.WhatroledocloudcomputingandbigdataplayinIoTapplicationsforsmarttransportation?A.Theyareusedtopowerthephysicalsensorsanddevices.B.TheyhelpinstoringandanalyzinglargevolumesofdatacollectedbyIoTdevices.C.Theyareresponsibleforthephysicalmaintenanceoftransportationinfrastructure.D.Theycontrolthemovementofvehiclesontheroad.9.HowcanIoThelpinreducingtrafficcongestioninurbanareas?A.Byconstructingmoreroadstoaccommodatemorevehicles.B.Byimplementingdynamicspeedlimitsbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions.C.Byencouragingtheuseofprivatecarsoverpublictransportation.D.Byreducingthenumberoftrafficsignalsinthecity.10.WhatistheprimarypurposeofusingRFID(Radio-FrequencyIdentification)technologyinsmarttransportation?A.Totrackthelocationofvehiclesinrealtime.B.Toenhancethesecurityoftransportationsystems.C.Toautomaticallychargetollsonhighways.D.Toprovidenavigationassistancetodrivers.11.HowdoesanIoT-basedsmarttrafficsignalsystemdifferfromatraditionaltrafficsignal?A.Itusessolarpanelstopowerthesignals.B.Itadjustssignaltimingbasedonreal-timetrafficdata.C.Itisonlyusedinruralareas,notincities.D.Itismanuallyoperatedbytrafficcontrollers.12.WhatisapotentialbenefitofusingIoTintrafficaccidentprevention?A.Itreducesthenumberoftrafficaccidentsbyautomaticallystoppingvehicles.B.Italertsnearbydriverstoslowdownwhenanaccidentoccurs.C.Itincreasesthespeedlimittoreducetraveltime.D.Itreplaceshuman交警withautomatedsystems.13.HowcanIoTdeviceshelpinmanagingparkinglotsmoreefficiently?A.Bymanuallyassigningparkingspotstodrivers.B.Byusingsensorstodetectavailablespotsandsendingreal-timeupdates.C.Byincreasingtheparkingfeestomanagedemand.D.Byreducingthenumberofparkingspotstoencouragecarpooling.14.Whatisakeyadvantageofusing5GtechnologyinIoTapplicationsforsmarttransportation?A.Itprovidesfasterinternetspeedsforonlineshopping.B.Itenablesreal-timedatatransmissionbetweenvehiclesandtrafficcontrolcenters.C.Itreducestheneedforphysicalcablesandinfrastructure.D.Itismorecost-effectivethantraditionalWi-Finetworks.15.HowcanIoTimprovethesafetyofpublictransportation?A.Byreplacingallpublictransportwithprivatevehicles.B.Byprovidingreal-timeupdatesonthelocationandstatusofpublictransport.C.Byincreasingthefaretofundsafetyimprovements.D.Byreducingthenumberofbusestoimproveefficiency.16.WhatisapotentialriskassociatedwithusingIoTinsmarttransportationsystems?A.Itcanleadtojoblossesinthetransportationsector.B.Itmayresultindatabreachesandprivacyconcerns.C.Itincreasesthecostoftransportationinfrastructure.D.Itreducesthereliabilityoftransportationsystems.17.HowcanIoThelpinoptimizingenergyconsumptionintransportationsystems?A.Byusingrenewableenergysourcestopowervehicles.B.Byimplementingsmartchargingstationsforelectricvehicles.C.Byencouragingtheuseofhybridvehiclesovertraditionalcars.D.Byreducingthenumberofvehiclesontheroad.18.WhatisaprimaryfunctionofagatewayinanIoT-basedsmarttransportationsystem?A.ToprovideinternetconnectivityforIoTdevices.B.TocollectandprocessdatafromIoTsensors.C.Tocontrolthemovementofvehiclesontheroad.D.Togeneratereportsontransportationdata.19.HowcanIoTcontributetothereductionofcarbonemissionsintransportation?A.Bypromotingtheuseofelectricvehicles.B.Byoptimizingtrafficflowtoreduceidlingtime.C.Byreplacingallvehicleswithbicycles.D.Byincreasingthenumberofvehiclesontheroadtodistributecongestion.20.WhatisakeybenefitofusingedgecomputinginIoTapplicationsforsmarttransportation?A.Itreducestheneedforcloudinfrastructure.B.Itprocessesdatalocallytoprovidefasterresponses.C.Itincreasesthecostoftransportationsystems.D.Itreplaceshumanoperatorswithautomatedsystems.二、完形填空要求：本部分共20小題，每小題1分，共20分。閱讀下面的短文，每空填入一個(gè)單詞，使短文意思完整、通順。作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆在答題卡上填涂對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)。Lastyear,ourcitybeganimplementinganinnovativesmarttransportationsystempoweredbytheInternetofThings(IoT).Thesystemincludesanetworkofsensors,cameras,andotherconnecteddevicesthatworktogethertoimprovetrafficflow,reducecongestion,andenhancesafety.Oneofthemostimpressivefeaturesofthissystemisitsabilitytocollectandanalyzereal-timedatafromvarioussources.Thisdataisthenusedtomakeadjustmentstotrafficsignals,optimizepublictransportationroutes,andprovidedriverswithup-to-dateinformationaboutroadconditions.Theresulthasbeenasignificantreductionintraveltimesandadecreaseinthenumberoftrafficaccidents.市民們對(duì)這一系統(tǒng)的反應(yīng)非常積極，他們認(rèn)為這不僅提高了交通效率，還改善了他們的生活質(zhì)量。然而，theimplementationofsuchasystemisnotwithoutitschallenges.EnsuringthesecurityofthedatacollectedbyIoTdevicesandaddressingprivacyconcernsarecriticalissuesthatneedtobeaddressed.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofsmarttransportationsystemsareundeniable,andtheyarelikelytoplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingthefutureofurbanmobility.1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______6.______7.______8.______9.______10.______11.______12.______13.______14.______15.______16.______17.______18.______19.______20.______三、閱讀理解要求：本部分共5篇短文，每篇短文后面有5個(gè)小題，每小題1分，共25分。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀每篇短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆在答題卡上填涂對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)。Passage1Imagineafuturewhereyourcarnotonlydrivesitselfbutalsocommunicateswithothervehicles,trafficlights,andinfrastructuretooptimizeyourjourney.Thisisn'tsciencefiction;it'sthevisionofsmarttransportationpoweredbytheInternetofThings(IoT).Byintegratingsensors,GPS,andadvancedcommunicationtechnologies,IoTenablesvehiclestosharedatainrealtime.Thisdataexchangehelpsinreducingtrafficcongestion,preventingaccidents,andimprovingoveralltrafficflow.Forinstance,ifavehicledetectsahazardahead,itcanalertnearbycarsandadjustitsspeedaccordingly.Similarly,trafficlightscandynamicallychangetheirtimingbasedonthecurrenttrafficconditions.Whilethistechnologyholdsimmensepromise,italsocomeswithchallenges.Ensuringthesecurityofthedataexchangedbetweenvehiclesandinfrastructureiscrucialtopreventhackingandothercyberthreats.Additionally,thecostofimplementingsuchasystemacrossacitycanbesubstantial.Despitethesehurdles,thepotentialbenefitsareundeniable.Smarttransportationcanleadtocleanerair,lessstressforcommuters,andmoreefficientuseofroadspace.Aswecontinuetodevelopandrefinethesetechnologies,thefutureofurbanmobilitylooksbrighterthanever.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheimportanceofIoTinsmarttransportation.B.Thepotentialbenefitsofself-drivingcars.C.Thechallengesofimplementingsmarttrafficsystems.D.TheroleofGPSinmodernvehicles.2.HowdoesIoTtechnologyhelpinreducingtrafficcongestion?A.Byconstructingmoreroads.B.Byenablingvehiclestocommunicatewitheachother.C.Byincreasingthespeedlimit.D.Byreplacinghumandriverswithautomatedsystems.3.Whatisakeyconcernmentionedinthepassageregardingsmarttransportation?A.Thehighcostofsensors.B.Thelackofgovernmentsupport.C.Cybersecuritythreats.D.Thelimitedlifespanofbatteries.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatcantrafficlightsdowithIoTtechnology?A.TheycansendSMSalertstodrivers.B.Theycanadjusttheirtimingbasedontrafficconditions.C.Theycanchargedriversforusingspecificlanes.D.Theycaneliminatetheneedfortrafficpolice.5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofsmarttransportation?A.Itwillremainaconceptwithoutpracticalimplementation.B.Itwillleadtocleanerairandlessstressforcommuters.C.Itwillrequirenogovernmentinvolvement.D.Itwillreplacealltraditionalvehicleswithself-drivingcars.Passage2InabustlingcitylikeNewYork,trafficcongestionisamajorissue.Totacklethisproblem,thecityhasstartedimplementingasmartparkingsystemusingIoTtechnology.Thesesystemsusesensorsplacedinparkinglotstodetectavailablespotsinrealtime.Whenadriveropenstheapp,theyareinstantlyshownthelocationsofavailableparkingspaces,alongwiththeirpricesandavailability.Thisnotonlysavesdriverstimebutalsoreducesthenumberofcarscirclingthecitylookingforparking,thuseasingtrafficcongestion.Thesystemalsocollectsdataonparkingpatterns,whichhelpscityplannersmakebetterdecisionsaboutwheretoallocateparkingspaces.Forexample,ifaparticularareaconsistentlyhashighdemandforparking,thecitymightdecidetoaddmorespotsthere.Whilethesystemhasbeenwell-receivedbydrivers,ithasalsoraisedsomeconcerns.Somepeopleworrythatthesystemcouldleadtohigherparkingfeesorthatitmightnotbeaccessibletoeveryone,particularlythosewithoutsmartphones.Despitetheseconcerns,theoverallimpactofthesmartparkingsystemhasbeenpositive,leadingtomoreefficientuseofparkingresourcesandareductionintrafficcongestion.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthesmartparkingsystemmentionedinthepassage?A.Toincreaseparkingfees.B.Toprovidereal-timeinformationaboutavailableparkingspots.C.Toreplacealltraditionalparkinglotswithautomatedsystems.D.Toencouragetheuseofprivatecarsoverpublictransportation.2.Howdoesthesmartparkingsystemhelpinreducingtrafficcongestion?A.Byreducingthenumberoftrafficsignals.B.Byencouragingtheuseofpublictransportation.C.Byprovidingdriverswithreal-timeparkinginformation.D.Byconstructingmoreparkinglotsoutsidethecity.3.Whatkindofdatadoesthesmartparkingsystemcollect?A.Driverdemographics.B.Parkingpatterns.C.Trafficlighttimings.D.Weatherconditions.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisaconcernraisedbysomepeopleaboutthesmartparkingsystem?A.Itistooexpensivetoimplement.B.Itmightnotbeaccessibletoeveryone.C.Itreducesthenumberofparkingspotsavailable.D.Itdoesnotprovideenoughinformationtodrivers.5.Whathasbeentheoverallimpactofthesmartparkingsystemonthecity?A.Ithasledtoincreasedtrafficcongestion.B.Ithasresultedinmoreefficientuseofparkingresources.C.Ithascausedhigherparkingfeesforalldrivers.D.Ithasreplacedalltraditionalparkinglotswithautomatedsystems.Passage3TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasrevolutionizedthewaywethinkabouttransportation.OneofthemostinnovativeapplicationsofIoTinthisdomainisthedevelopmentofsmarttrafficsignalsystems.Thesesystemsusesensorsandcamerastomonitortrafficflowinrealtimeandadjustsignaltimingsaccordingly.Forexample,ifatrafficjamisdetectedononesideoftheintersection,thesystemcanextendthegreenlightdurationforthatsidetoallowmorecarstopassthrough.Thisnotonlyreducescongestionbutalsoimprovesoveralltrafficefficiency.Additionally,smarttrafficsignalscancommunicatewithvehiclesequippedwithIoTtechnology,providingthemwithreal-timeinformationaboutupcomingtrafficconditions.Thisallowsdriverstoadjusttheirspeedandrouteplanning,furtherreducingthelikelihoodofaccidents.However,theimplementationofsuchsystemsisnotwithoutitschallenges.Onemajorconcernisthecostofinstallingandmaintainingthesensorsandcameras.Anotherissueistheneedforarobustandsecurecommunicationnetworktoensurethatdataistransmittedaccuratelyandwithoutinterruption.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofsmarttrafficsignalsaresignificant.Theycanleadtoshortercommutetimes,reducedfuelconsumption,andasaferdrivingenvironmentforeveryone.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsofusingIoTintransportation.B.Thechallengesofimplementingsmarttrafficsignals.C.Theroleofsensorsinsmarttrafficsystems.D.Theimpactoftrafficcongestiononcitylife.2.Howdosmarttrafficsignalshelpinreducingcongestion?A.Byautomaticallyredirectingtraffictolessbusyroads.B.Byadjustingsignaltimingsbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions.C.Byincreasingthespeedlimitonhighways.D.Byreplacingtrafficlightswithtrafficcircles.3.Whatinformationcansmarttrafficsignalsprovidetovehicles?A.Thelocationofnearbygasstations.B.Real-timetrafficconditions.C.Thecurrentspeedlimit.D.Thepriceoftollsonhighways.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernregardingtheimplementationofsmarttrafficsignals?A.Theymaynotbeaccurateenough.B.Theyaretooexpensivetoinstallandmaintain.C.Theycancausemoretrafficaccidents.D.Theydonotcommunicateeffectivelywithvehicles.5.Whataresomepotentialbenefitsofsmarttrafficsignalsmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyreducefuelconsumptionandimprovesafety.B.Theyincreasethenumberoftrafficlightsinthecity.C.Theyreplaceallhumantrafficcontrollers.D.Theyleadtohighertrafficfinesfordrivers.Passage4Inrecentyears,theconceptofasmartcityhasgainedsignificanttraction,andoneofthekeycomponentsofasmartcityisarobusttransportationsystempoweredbyIoTtechnology.OneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofIoTinthiscontextisthedevelopmentofsmartpublictransportationsystems.Thesesystemsusereal-timedatatooptimizebusroutes,schedules,andservices,ensuringthatcommutershaveaseamlessexperience.Forexample,ifabusisdelayedduetotrafficcongestion,thesystemcanautomaticallyadjusttheschedulesofsubsequentbusestominimizetheimpactoncommuters.Additionally,smartpublictransportationsystemscanprovidepassengerswithreal-timeupdatesabouttheirjourney,includingthelocationoftheirbus,預(yù)計(jì)arrivaltimes,andanydelays.Thisinformationistypicallyavailablethroughmobileappsordigitaldisplaysatbusstops.Thegoalofthesesystemsistomakepublictransportationmoreefficient,reliable,andattractivetocommuters.Whilethebenefitsareclear,therearealsochallengestoovercome.Onemajorhurdleistheneedforahigh-qualitydatanetworkthatcansupportthecollectionandtransmissionofreal-timedata.AnotherissueisthecostofretrofittingexistingpublictransportationinfrastructuretosupportIoTtechnology.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofsmartpublictransportationsystemsaresubstantial.Theycanleadtoincreasedridership,reducedtrafficcongestion,andamoresustainableurbanenvironment.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheimportanceofIoTinsmartcities.B.Thebenefitsofsmartpublictransportationsystems.C.Thechallengesofimplementingsmarttransportationincities.D.Theroleofmobileappsinmoderntransportation.2.Howdosmartpublictransportationsystemshelpcommuters?A.Byprovidingreal-timeupdatesabouttheirjourney.B.Byincreasingthefrequencyofbuses.C.Byreplacingallbuseswithelectricvehicles.D.Byreducingthefareforpublictransport.3.Whatisakeychallengementionedinthepassageregardingsmartpublictransportationsystems?A.Thelackofgovernmentsupport.B.Thehighcostofretrofittingexistinginfrastructure.C.Thelimitedcoverageofpublictransportation.D.Theunreliabilityofmobileapps.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisagoalofsmartpublictransportationsystems?A.Tomakepublictransportationlessefficient.B.Toincreasethenumberoftrafficlightsinthecity.C.Tomakepublictransportationmoreefficientandreliable.D.Toreplaceallpublictransportationwithprivatevehicles.5.Whataresomepotentialbenefitsofsmartpublictransportationsystemsmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyleadtoincreasedtrafficcongestion.B.Theyreducetheneedforpublictransportation.C.Theymaketheurbanenvironmentlesssustainable.D.Theyincreasethecostoftransportationforcommuters.Passage5TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasthepotentialtotransformthewaywethinkabouttransportation,makingitmoreefficient,sustainable,andsafe.OneofthemostexcitingapplicationsofIoTinthiscontextisthedevelopmentofconnectedvehicles.Thesevehiclesareequippedwithsensors,cameras,andotherIoTdevicesthatallowthemtocommunicatewitheachotherandwithinfrastructure.Thiscommunicationenablesarangeofapplications,fromcollisionavoidancesystemstodynamicrouteplanning.Forexample,ifavehicledetectsthatanothercarisabouttocollidewithit,itcanautomaticallyapplythebrakestopreventtheaccident.Similarly,connectedvehiclescanreceivereal-timeupdatesabouttrafficconditions,allowingthemtoadjusttheirrouteplanningtoavoidcongestion.Thegoalofthesesystemsistomaketransportationsaferandmoreefficient.However,therearealsochallengestoovercome.Onemajorconcernistheprivacyandsecurityofthedatacollectedbythesedevices.Anotherissueistheneedforastandardizedcommunicationprotocolthatensuresallvehiclescancommunicatewitheachothereffectively.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofconnectedvehiclesaresubstantial.Theycanleadtofeweraccidents,reducedfuelconsumption,andamoresustainabletransportationsystem.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsofIoTintransportation.B.Thechallengesofdevelopingconnectedvehicles.C.Theroleofsensorsinmodernvehicles.D.Theimpactoftransportationontheenvironment.2.Howdoconnectedvehicleshelpinpreventingaccidents?A.Byautomaticallyapplyingthebrakestoavoidcollisions.B.Byincreasingthespeedlimitonhighways.C.Byreplacinghumandriverswithautomatedsystems.D.Byprovidingdriverswithreal-timetrafficupdates.3.Whatkindofinformationcanconnectedvehiclesreceive?A.Thelocationofnearbygasstations.B.Real-timetrafficconditions.C.Thecurrentspeedlimit.D.Thepriceoftollsonhighways.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernregardingconnectedvehicles?A.Theyaretooexpensivetoproduce.B.Theymaynotbereliableinallweatherconditions.C.Theprivacyandsecurityofthedatacollectedbythesedevices.D.Theydonotcommunicateeffectivelywithinfrastructure.5.Whataresomepotentialbenefitsofconnectedvehiclesmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyreducefuelconsumptionandimprovesafety.B.Theyincreasethenumberoftrafficaccidents.C.Theymaketransportationlessefficient.D.Theyreplacealltraditionalvehicleswithelectricvehicles.四、短文改錯(cuò)要求：本部分共1題，共10分。下面短文中有10處錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞。在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上寫出該單詞。作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆在答題卡上填涂對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)。Lastyear,ourcitybeganimplementinganinnovativesmarttransportationsystempoweredbytheInternetofThings(IoT).Thesystemincludesanetworkofsensors,cameras,andotherconnecteddevicesthatworktogethertoimprovetrafficflow,reducecongestion,andenhancesafety.Oneofthemostimpressivefeaturesofthissystemisitsabilitytocollectandanalyzereal-timedatafromvarioussources.Thisdataisthenusedtomakeadjustmentstotrafficsignals,optimizepublictransportationroutes,andprovidedriverswithup-to-dateinformationaboutroadconditions.Theresulthasbeenasignificantreductionintraveltimesandadecreaseinthenumberoftrafficaccidents.市民們對(duì)這一系統(tǒng)的反應(yīng)非常積極，他們認(rèn)為這不僅提高了交通效率，還改善了他們的生活質(zhì)量。然而，theimplementationofsuchasystemisnotwithoutitschallenges.EnsuringthesecurityofthedatacollectedbyIoTdevicesandaddressingprivacyconcernsarecriticalissuesthatneedtobeaddressed.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofsmarttransportationsystemsareundeniable,andtheyarelikelytoplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingthefutureofurbanmobility.1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______6.______7.______8.______9.______10.______五、書面表達(dá)要求：本部分共1題，共15分。假設(shè)你是李明，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，寫一篇100詞左右的短文，談?wù)勀銓?duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)在智慧交通中應(yīng)用的看法。要點(diǎn)：1.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)可以顯著提高交通效率；2.它還能減少交通事故；3.但也存在一些挑戰(zhàn)，如成本和隱私問題。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasrevolutionizedmanyaspectsofourlives,andtransportationisnoexception.Asastudent,IhavenoticedthepositiveimpactofIoTonsmarttransportation.Firstly,IoTtechnologycansignificantlyimprovetrafficefficiency.Bycollectingandanalyzingreal-timedatafromvarioussources,suchassensorsandcameras,IoT-enabledsystemscanoptimizetrafficsignaltimingsandpublictransportationroutes.Thisreducescongestionandsavescommuterstime.Secondly,IoTcanhelpreducethenumberoftrafficaccidents.Forexample,connectedvehiclescancommunicatewitheachothertoavoidcollisions,andsmarttrafficsignalscanalertdriverstopotentialhazards.However,therearechallengestoovercome.ThehighcostofimplementingIoTinfrastructureandprivacyconcernsaresignificantissuesthatneedtobeaddressed.Inconclusion,whileIoTtechnologyoffersmanybenefitsforsmarttransportation,itisimportanttoaddressthesechallengestofullyrealizeitspotential.本次試卷答案如下一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.B.Toenhancetheefficiencyandsafetyoftransportationsystemsbycollectingandanalyzingdata.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）的核心目的是通過(guò)收集和分析數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)提高交通系統(tǒng)的效率和安全性，選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確描述了這一點(diǎn)。2.C.Theyimprovetrafficefficiencybyprovidingreal-timedatatotrafficcontrolcenters.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)傳感器的主要功能是提供實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)給交通控制中心，從而提高交通效率，選項(xiàng)C最符合題意。3.C.5G.解析：5G技術(shù)因其高速率和大容量，常用于確保物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸安全，選項(xiàng)C是最佳答案。4.B.Itusescamerastomonitorparkingareasandsendsreal-timeupdatestoamobileapp.解析：智能停車系統(tǒng)通常使用攝像頭監(jiān)控停車場(chǎng)，并通過(guò)移動(dòng)應(yīng)用實(shí)時(shí)更新可用車位信息，選項(xiàng)B描述了這一過(guò)程。5.A.Thehighcostofsensorsandinfrastructure.解析：實(shí)施物聯(lián)網(wǎng)智能交通系統(tǒng)的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一是傳感器和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的高成本，選項(xiàng)A最符合題意。6.B.Byoptimizingbusroutesbasedonreal-timetrafficdata.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)交通數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)化公交路線，從而改善公共交通，選項(xiàng)B是最佳答案。7.C.Asmarttrafficsignalthatadjustsbasedontrafficconditions.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在智能交通中的應(yīng)用包括智能交通信號(hào)燈，它可以根據(jù)交通狀況調(diào)整信號(hào)，選項(xiàng)C最符合題意。8.B.TheyhelpinstoringandanalyzinglargevolumesofdatacollectedbyIoTdevices.解析：云計(jì)算和大數(shù)據(jù)在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用中的主要作用是存儲(chǔ)和分析大量數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確描述了這一點(diǎn)。9.B.Byimplementingdynamicspeedlimitsbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整速度限制來(lái)減少交通擁堵，選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。10.C.Toautomaticallychargetollsonhighways.解析：RFID技術(shù)在智能交通中的主要應(yīng)用是自動(dòng)收取高速公路費(fèi)用，選項(xiàng)C最符合題意。11.B.Itadjustssignaltimingbasedonreal-timetrafficdata.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)智能交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)可以根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)交通數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)整信號(hào)時(shí)間，選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確描述了這一點(diǎn)。12.B.Italertsnearbydriverstoslowdownwhenanaccidentoccurs.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)可以通過(guò)警告附近司機(jī)減速來(lái)預(yù)防交通事故，選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。13.B.Byusingsensorstodetectavailablespotsandsendingreal-timeupdates.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)智能停車系統(tǒng)通過(guò)傳感器檢測(cè)可用車位并發(fā)送實(shí)時(shí)更新，選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確描述了這一點(diǎn)。14.B.Itenablesreal-timedatatransmissionbetweenvehiclesandtrafficcontrolcenters.解析：5G技術(shù)使車輛與交通控制中心之間的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸成為可能，選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。15.B.Byprovidingreal-timeup