2025年英語專業(yè)八級(jí)閱讀理解沖刺試卷提升閱讀理解力考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIClozeDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestword(s)foreachblankfromthewordsgiveninthebrackets.FillineachblankwiththecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onceuponatime,inalandnotunlikeourown,therelivedayoungwomannamedElara.Elarawasknownthroughoutthekingdomforher__1__(a)intelligenceandherkindheart.Shespentherdaystendingtothegardenthathergrandmotherhadlefther,a__2__(b)placefilledwithbloomingflowersandbuzzingbees.Despitehersimplelife,Elarawas__3__(c)content,forshefoundjoyinthe__4__(d)beautyofnatureandthe__5__(e)companyofherfewfriends.Oneday,a__6__(f)strangerarrivedinthekingdom,seekingaudiencewiththeking.Hewasatravelingscholar,__7__(g)bytalesofthekingdom'swealthandwisdom.Thescholar's__8__(h)requestwassimple:hewishedtoborrowararebookfromtheroyallibrary,abookthat__9__(i)hadneverbeenseenbyhumaneyes.Theking,__10__(j)tothescholar'sknowledge,agreedtohisrequest,__11__(k)Elarawaschosentoaccompanythescholartothelibrary.Astheyjourneyedtothelibrary,Elara__12__(l)thestranger'sstoriesoffar-offlandsand__13__(m)wonders.Shehadalways__14__(n)dreamedofexploringtheworldbeyondherownsmallgarden.__15__(o),whentheyarrivedatthelibrary,thescholar'seyes__16__(p)withwonder.Thebookhehadrequestedwas__17__(q)thanhehadeverimagined,itspagesfilledwith__18__(r)secretsandancientknowledge.Ashe__19__(s)throughthebook,thescholarrealizedthatitheldthekeytounlockinga__20__(t)mysterythathadplaguedthekingdomforcenturies.(a)brilliant(b)serene(c)deeply(d)enchanting(e)loyal(f)mysterious(g)drawn(h)audacious(i)previously(j)impressed(k)thus(l)listened(m)marvelous(n)secretly(o)However(p)lit(q)greater(r)profound(s)pored(t)long-standingPartIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassagescarefully.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.PassageOneIntherapidlyevolvinglandscapeofartificialintelligence(AI),theethicalimplicationsofitsdevelopmentanddeploymenthavebecomeincreasinglyprominent.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticatedandintegratedintovariousaspectsofsociety,concernsaboutbias,privacy,andaccountabilityhavegrown.OneofthemostsignificantethicalchallengesisthepotentialforAItoperpetuateandamplifyexistingbiases.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdataisbiased,theAI'sdecisionswillinevitablyreflectthosebiases.Thiscanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesinareassuchashiring,lending,andcriminaljustice.Toaddressthisissue,researchersanddevelopersareexploringvariousapproaches.OneapproachistoimprovethediversityandrepresentativenessofthedatausedtotrainAIsystems.Byensuringthatthedatareflectsawiderangeofperspectivesandexperiences,developerscanmitigatetheriskofbiasedoutcomes.Anotherapproachistodevelopalgorithmsthataremoretransparentandinterpretable,allowinguserstounderstandhowtheAIarrivesatitsdecisions.Thiscanhelpidentifyandcorrectbiasesinthesystem.Despitetheseefforts,theethicalchallengesofAIarecomplexandmultifaceted.AsAIcontinuestoadvance,itiscrucialthatweengageinongoingdialogueaboutitsethicalimplicationsandworktowardsdevelopingAIsystemsthatarefair,just,andbeneficialforsocietyasawhole.1.WhatisthemainconcernregardingthedevelopmentofAI?2.HowcanthediversityofAIsystemsbeimproved?3.WhatisthepurposeofmakingAIalgorithmsmoretransparent?4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthekeytoaddressingtheethicalchallengesofAI?PassageTwoTheconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,asawarenessofenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhasincreased.Sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisconceptencompassesawiderangeofissues,includingenvironmentalprotection,socialequity,andeconomicdevelopment.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofsustainabilityisthereductionofwasteandtheconservationofresources.Thiscanbeachievedthroughvariousmeans,suchasrecycling,usingrenewableenergysources,andadoptingmoreefficientproductionmethods.Forexample,theshifttowardselectricvehiclescansignificantlyreducegreenhousegasemissionsanddependenceonfossilfuels.Similarly,theadoptionofsustainableagriculturalpracticescanhelppreservenaturalresourcesandprotectbiodiversity.Anotherimportantaspectofsustainabilityissocialequity.Thisinvolvesensuringthatthebenefitsofsustainablepracticesaresharedequitablyamongallmembersofsociety.Italsomeansaddressingtheneedsofvulnerablepopulationswhoareoftendisproportionatelyaffectedbyenvironmentalproblems.Achievingsustainabilityrequiresacollaborativeeffortfromgovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoresustainablefutureforourselvesandforgenerationstocome.5.Whatisthecoreideaofsustainability?6.Howcantheshifttowardselectricvehiclescontributetosustainability?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatistherelationshipbetweensustainabilityandsocialequity?8.Whatistheessentialrequirementforachievingsustainability?PassageThreeThehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan,capableofperforminganastonishingarrayoffunctions.Itcontrolsourthoughts,emotions,andactions,anditallowsustolearn,remember,andadapttoourenvironment.Despiteitscomplexity,however,muchaboutthebrain'sfunctioningremainsamystery.Oneofthemostactiveareasofresearchinneuroscienceisthestudyofmemory.Memoryistheprocessbywhichinformationisencoded,stored,andretrieved.Thereareseveraldifferenttypesofmemory,includingshort-termmemory,long-termmemory,andworkingmemory.Eachtypeofmemoryservesadifferentfunctionandinvolvesdifferentbrainstructures.Forexample,short-termmemoryisresponsibleforholdinginformationtemporarily,whilelong-termmemoryallowsustostoreinformationforextendedperiods.Recentresearchhasshednewlightonthemechanismsunderlyingmemoryformationandretrieval.Oneimportantfindingisthatmemoryisnotastaticrecordingofevents,butratheranactiveprocessthatinvolvesthereactivationofneuralnetworks.Thismeansthateachtimeweremembersomething,weareessentiallyre-travelingthesameneuralpathwaysthatwereinvolvedintheoriginalexperience.Thisprocesscanleadtothedistortionofmemoriesovertime,asnewinformationandexperiencescanalterourexistingmemories.Understandingtheintricaciesofmemoryhasimportantimplicationsforvariousfields,includingeducation,psychology,andmedicine.Bygainingadeeperunderstandingofhowmemoryworks,wecandevelopmoreeffectivestrategiesforlearning,treatingmemory-relateddisorders,andevenenhancingourcognitiveabilities.9.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofthehumanbrain?10.Howdoesshort-termmemorydifferfromlong-termmemory?11.Accordingtorecentresearch,whatisakeycharacteristicofmemory?12.Whatarethepotentialapplicationsofunderstandingtheintricaciesofmemory?PartIIISentenceCompletionDirections:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgiveninthebrackets.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.WritethecorrespondingletterofthewordonyourAnswerSheet.1.Thecompany'snewpolicyhas__a__(affect)asignificantchangeintheemployees'workenvironment.2.Despitethe__b__(bad)weather,thehikingtripwas__c__(success)completedbytheendoftheday.3.Thescientist's__d__(care)observationsledtoagroundbreakingdiscoveryinthefieldofmedicine.4.Themuseum's__e__(display)ofancientartifactsprovidesafascinatingglimpseintotheregion'shistory.5.Theathlete's__f__(train)regimenis__g__(strict)designedtopreparehimfortheupcomingcompetition.6.Thenovel's__h__(describe)oftheprotagonist'sinnerthoughtsaddsdepthand__i__(emotional)tothestory.7.Thegovernment'snewinitiativeaimsto__j__(reduce)thecarbonfootprintofmajorindustries.8.Theactor's__k__(portray)ofthecomplexcharacterwaswidelypraisedbycriticsandaudiencesalike.9.Theteam's__l__(cooperate)effortswerecrucialinthesuccessfulcompletionoftheproject.10.Theartist's__m__(create)masterpiecehasbecomeatimelesspieceofartthatcontinuestoinspiregenerations.試卷答案PartICloze1.a解析：根據(jù)語境，描述Elara的智慧，用brilliant（才華橫溢的）最合適。2.b解析：形容花園的環(huán)境，用serene（寧靜的）符合語境。3.c解析：描述Elara對(duì)生活的態(tài)度，用deeply（深深地）表達(dá)其滿足感。4.d解析：形容花園的美，用enchanting（迷人的）最貼切。5.e解析：描述朋友的關(guān)系，用loyal（忠誠的）符合Elara的品格。6.f解析：形容陌生人的身份，用mysterious（神秘的）暗示其不尋常。7.g解析：表示被故事吸引，用drawn（吸引）符合語境。8.h解析：形容請(qǐng)求的膽大，用audacious（大膽的）最合適。9.i解析：表示書以前沒見過，用previously（以前）符合語境。10.j解析：表示國王對(duì)學(xué)者知識(shí)的印象，用impressed（印象深刻）最貼切。11.k解析：thus表示因此，連接前后句，說明Elara被選中陪同。12.l解析：表示Elara聽陌生人講故事，用listened（聽）符合語境。13.m解析：形容遠(yuǎn)方的奇觀，用marvelous（奇妙的）最合適。14.n解析：表示Elara秘密地夢(mèng)想，用secretly（秘密地）符合語境。15.o解析：however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，引出后面的情況，用However（然而）最貼切。16.p解析：表示學(xué)者的眼睛發(fā)亮，用lit（發(fā)光的）符合語境。17.q解析：表示書比想象中更偉大，用greater（更偉大的）最合適。18.r解析：形容書中的秘密，用profound（深刻的）最貼切。19.s解析：表示學(xué)者閱讀書，用pored（專心致志地閱讀）符合語境。20.t解析：表示困擾王國的謎團(tuán)，用long-standing（長(zhǎng)期存在的）最合適。PartIIReadingComprehension1.B解析：第一段提到AI系統(tǒng)可能加劇現(xiàn)有的偏見，這是主要擔(dān)憂。選項(xiàng)B（AI可能加劇現(xiàn)有的偏見）與原文信息一致。2.A解析：第二段提到改進(jìn)AI系統(tǒng)的一種方法是提高訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)的多樣性和代表性，這與選項(xiàng)A（提高訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)的多樣性和代表性）一致。3.C解析：第二段提到使AI算法更透明的作用是讓用戶理解AI如何做出決定，這有助于識(shí)別和糾正系統(tǒng)中的偏見，這與選項(xiàng)C（幫助識(shí)別和糾正系統(tǒng)中的偏見）一致。4.D解析：文章最后提到，解決AI的倫理挑戰(zhàn)需要持續(xù)的對(duì)話，并開發(fā)公平、公正、有益于社會(huì)的AI系統(tǒng)，這與選項(xiàng)D（ongoingdialogue...developAIsystemsthatarefair,just,andbeneficialforsociety）一致。PassageTwo5.A解析：第一段定義可持續(xù)性為滿足當(dāng)代需求而不損害后代滿足其需求的能力，這與選項(xiàng)A（滿足當(dāng)代需求而不損害后代滿足其需求的能力）一致。6.B解析：第二段提到電動(dòng)汽車可以顯著減少溫室氣體排放和對(duì)化石燃料的依賴，這與選項(xiàng)B（減少溫室氣體排放和依賴化石燃料）