2025屆湘豫名校聯(lián)考高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解(★★)TheBestItalianCarnivalsBeyondVeniceStoricoCarnevalediIvrea,PiedmontThiseventisdefinedbytheBattleoftheOranges,Italy’slargestfoodwar,scheduledforthreeafternoonsaroundShroveTuesday.Thousandsoftownspeopledivideintoteamsandfighttothelastfruit.The“weapons”aresuppliedandvisitorscanbuyaticketinadvancetojoinin.CarnevalediCento,Emilia-RomagnaThisistheonlyCarnivalinEuropetobeofficially“twinned”withtheworld-famousoneinRiodeJaneiro.Braziliansambadancersjoininthefestivities,whichspanfiveSundaysaroundFebruaryandincludefloatparades’performancesbyItaliancelebrities.CarnevalediFano,MarcheNotonlyisthisoneofItaly’soldestCarnivalcelebrations,datingbacktoatleast1347,it’salsothesweetest.IttakesplaceinFano,aseasidetowninthecountry’scentre,overthreecontinuousSundaysbetweenFebruaryandMarch,andeachdayseesfloatsparadingdownthesamestreetthreetimes,featuringatraditional,characteristicgetto—the“throwing”ofchocolateandsugarytreatsdowntothepublic.CarnevalediPutignano,PugliaTraditionhasitthatthisApuliancelebrationstartedin1394.Beginningon26December,CarnevalediPutignanorunsuntillateFebruary,makingitItaly’slongestcarnival.Themainevents,maskedprocessionsandfloatparades,areheldonThursdays,buttherearethemedexhibitions,papier-maché(紙膠混合物)workshopsandshowsprogrammedthroughouttheentirefestiveperiod.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatStoricoCarnevalediIvrea?

A．Getdeadlyweaponsatrandom.B．Throworangesateachother.C．TakepartinItaly’sonlyfoodfight.D．Joininthecarnivalactivitiesforfree.2.WhatmakesCarnevalediCentouniquecomparedtoothers?

A．Itsfloatparades.B．Itslongduration.C．Itsforeigndances.D．Itshighpopularity.3.Whichcarnivalmighttouristswithasweettoothenjoythemost?

A．CarnevalediFano.B．CarnevalediCento.C．CarnevalediPutignano.D．StoricoCarnevalediIvrea.(★★★)PhilHanleystoodinastudio,preparinghimselfuptorecordthefinalsectionofhisbook,Spellbound.Itwashis60thhourintheboothathispublisher'soffice.Theaveragerecordinglengthfora7.5-houraudiobookis15hours.ButbecauseHanleyhasseveredyslexia(閱讀障礙),theprocesswasextended.Andcomplicated.Andemotional.Nevertheless,heinsistedonreadinghisownstory.Whatwoulditsaytothedyslexiccommunityifhehandedoffthemicrophone?Hanleywasanunlikelycandidatetowriteabookinthefirstplace.Hehasasolidcareerasacomedian,buthe'snotahugereader.Asaboy,whileclassmateslearnedtowrite,readandspell,Hanleydrewlinesandshapesthatneverquitemadesensetohimselforanyoneelse.Hecouldn'tsoundoutwords,andcouldn'tmatchaletterwithasound.Hanleyonlymadeittosecondgradebecausehismother,aformerteacher,insisted.Thenadecadeofshameandrunningouttheclockonhisownschooling.Heentertainedhimself—andothers—bycrackingjokes.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,Hanleyturnedtocomedy.Slowly,dyslexiabecamego-tomaterial.Hanleyhascometothinkofdyslexiaasagift,onethatinspiredhimtobecreativeandquickonhisfeet,tosolveproblemsandtoconnectwithpeople.Ofcourse,it'salsoripeforcomedy.Spellboundtookeightyearstocomplete.Hanleyhopesparentswillhearthismessageinhisbook,“Thequalitiesthatyouwanttodevelop,you’llhavethosebytheendoffirstgradeifyourkidisdyslexic.They'llhavecharacter,tenacity(執(zhí)著)anddetermination.Justmaintaintheirself-esteem.”4.WhydidHanleyinsistonrecordingtheaudiobookhimself?

A．Heaimedtoprovehisreadingability.B．Heintendedtosavemoneyforhispublisher.C．Hismothergraduallyencouragedhimtoreadaloud.D．Hewantedtoshowdeterminationtothedyslexiccommunity.5.WhatcanweinferaboutHanley'sschoollifefromthetext?

A．Hewascompletelyignored.B．Hehadnothingtodoallday.C．Hedidn'tstudybutdrewwell.D．Hespenteverydaylikeayear.6.WhatdoesHanleythinkofhisdyslexianow?

A．Areasontogiveupreading.B．Abarriertohiscomedycareer.C．AGod-givensourceofcomedy.D．Aninescapableandlifelongregret.7.WhatdoesHanleythinkthemostimportantfordyslexicchildren?

A．Keepingtheirself-respect.B．Writingtheirownbooks.C．Continuingtheireducation.D．Communicatingwithjokes.(★★★★)Thechingoloisoneofthe4,000knownspeciesofsongbirdsintheworld.Whilesomepartsofitssongaregeneticallyconditioned,inthecaseofthemalechingolo,it’slearnedfromatutor,mostoftenthefather.Theyoungbirdlearnstosingasongthatcombinesthefamilysongwiththepopulation’ssong—likeafingerprint,butlearned.Itservestoattractthefemaleandprotectitsterritory.ScientistFernandoNottebohmhandwrotethemostpopularsongsheardinPereyraIraolaParkinthe1960s,whichcausedaninvestigationtofindwhichofthehitsfromthe1960sarestillbeingsung.Ateamwenttothepark,recordedthesongsanddiscoveredthatonlythreeclassicsongswerestillbeingsunginthearea.Onepossiblereasonforthisistheurbanizationoftheareasurroundingthepark,whichhasdisplacedmuchofthelocalchingolopopulation;anotheristhatovertheyears,theparkhasbeeninvaded(入侵)byothersingingbirdspeciesthathavetakenoverthechingolos’territory.Afterdecidingtorecoverthetunesthathaddisappeared,thescientistsproducedsynthetic(合成的)copiesofthebird’ssongandplayedthemtothechingolosinthesamepark.Chingoloskeeptheirvocalpracticeandfine-tune(微調(diào))theirsongbasedonthelearnedmodel.Surprisingly,therobotictutorhadbeenchosenbysomeyoungchingolos,wholearnedtheextinctsongandcombineditwiththeirownsongs.Thesongacquiredbytheyoungalternatedbetweensyllableswithincreasinganddecreasingfrequencies,inlinewiththesynthetictheme.However,thelastsyllablehadawiderfrequencyrangethanthesyntheticversion—acharacteristicsharedbyalladultsrecordedinthepark.Thisvariationseemstobethedistinctivemarkofthe?“dialect”ofthischingolopopulation,possiblyacquiredfromotherrealtutorsorasanexpressionofthespecies’geneticprogramming.It’slikerescuinganancientandforgottenlanguage.Thelossofindividualsmeansnotonlythereductionofgeneticdiversitybutalsothelossoftruecultures.Withmathematicalequations(方程)thatwetransformintosoundwaves,wecanensurethatthiscultureisnotlost.8.Whatfactorscontributedtothedeclineoftraditionalchingolosongs?

A．Overhuntingbyhumans.B．Climatechangeandpollution.C．Geneticvariationinchingolos.D．Theshrinkingoftheirlivingareas.9.Whydidscientistscreatesyntheticchingolosongs?

A．Toattractinvasivespecies.B．Torestorelostchingolosongs.C．Totestifrobotscouldtutorbirds.D．Toreplacethebirds’geneticprogramming.10.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A．Scientistsfailedtorecoverhistoricalchingolosongs.B．Youngchingolosperfectlycopiedthesyntheticsongs.C．Youngbirdscombinedartificialsongswithuniquelocalqualities.D．Invasivespeciesalteredthechingolos’geneticprogramming.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthescientificeffort?

A．Skeptical.B．Cautious.C．Critical.D．Supportive.(★★★)Artificialmusclesdon’tjustgetrobotsmoving,butoneday,theycouldsupportpeopleatworkorwhenwalking,orreplaceinjuredmuscletissue.However,developingartificialmusclesthatcancomparetotherealthingisamajortechnicalchallenge.Inordertokeepupwiththeirbiologicalcounterparts(對(duì)應(yīng)物),artificialmusclesmustnotonlybepowerful,butalsostretchableandsoft.Attheircore,artificialmusclesareso-calledactuators,componentsthattransformelectricalimpulsesintomovement.Actuatorsareusedwhereversomethingmovesatthepushofabutton,whetherathome,inacarengineorinhighlydevelopedindustrialplants.However,thesehardmechanicalcomponentsdonothavemuchincommonwithmusclesjustyet.Ateamofresearchersisworkingonactuatorsmadeofsoftmaterials.Now,forthefirsttime,theyhavedevelopedamethodforproducingsuchcomplexcomponentsusinga3Dprinter.Theso-calleddielectricelasticactuators(DEA)consistoftwodifferentmaterials:aconductiveelectrode(電極)materialandanon-conductivematerial,whichinterlockinlayers,likeinterlacing(交錯(cuò))fingers.Ifanelectricalvoltage(電壓)isappliedtotheelectrodes,theactuatorcontractslikeamuscle.Whenthevoltageisswitchedoff,itrelaxestoitsoriginalposition.3Dprintingsuchastructureisnottrivial.Despitetheirverydifferentelectricalcharacters,thetwosoftmaterialsshouldbehaveverysimilarlyduringtheprintingprocess.Theyshouldnotmixbutmuststillholdtogetherinthefinishedactuator.Theprinted“muscles”mustbeassoftaspossiblesothatanelectricalmotivationcancausetherequiredshapes.Addedtothisaretherequirementsthatall3Dprintablematerialsmustfulfill:Theymustliquidizeunderpressuresothattheycanbepressedoutoftheprinternozzle(噴嘴).Immediatelythereafter,however,theyshouldbestickyenoughtokeeptheprintedshape.Thesecharactersareoftenindirectcontradiction.Ifresearchersimproveoneofthem,threeotherschange,usuallyfortheworse.Inteamworkwithotherexperts,researchershavesucceededinadjustingmanyofthesecontradictoryproperties.Theaimoftheirprojectistodevelopaglovethatisdesignedtocopythegraspingofobjectsthroughresistance.12.Whatisthemainchallengeindevelopingartificialmuscles?

A．Theygetrobotsmoving.B．Theyreplacehumansatwork.C．Theyaresimilartorealmuscles.D．Theyareasstrongasrealmuscles.13.HowdoresearchersmakeDEAlikenaturalmuscles?

A．Byrelyingonliquidpressure.B．Byusinghardmechanicallayers.C．Bymixingmaterialsduringprinting.D．Bycombiningmaterialsininterlockinglayers.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trivial”inParagraph4mean?

A．Easy.B．Practical.C．Possible.D．Valuable.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．Thedevelopmentofrobotics.B．Themedicalapplicationsof3Dprinting.C．Challengesindevelopingartificialmuscles.D．Theenvironmentaleffectsofindustrialactuators.(★★★)ThingsERDoctorsWouldLikeEveryonetoStopDoingPeoplearerushedtothehospitalemergencyroom(ER)forallsortsofunavoidableinjuries,whethertheygethitbyacarorinjuredwhileplayingsports.Thentherearetheinjuriesandotherconditionsthatemergencyphysicianstreatregularlythatareoftenpreventable.16Arethereespeciallydangerousactionswecanstopdoing?Whatsimplestepscanreducetheriskofinjuryandseriousharm?Usingelectricscooters,hoverboardsande-bikeswithouttakingthenecessarypreventions.17Peopleneedtobeawareofthepotentialrisksandtakestepstoreduceharm.Alwayswearahelmetwhenridingamicromobilitydevice,andneveruseonewhenundertheinfluenceofalcoholordrugs.Kidsshouldbesupervised(監(jiān)督)whenridingone.18Childrenplayingaroundpools,lakes,riversorseas,eveniftheyaresmallandshallow,shouldalwaysbesupervisedbyresponsibleadults.Givingchildrenwatersafetylessonscanreducetheirriskofdrowning.Donottakeunknownpills.Takeonlymedicationsthathavebeenprescribed(開(kāi)處方)foryouandfilledatanauthorizedpharmacy(授權(quán)藥店).19Anddonotbuypillsfromunauthorizedsellersonline.Textinganddriving.Distracteddrivingisamajorcauseoftrafficcrashes,injuriesanddeaths.Peopleshouldnotdoanythingthatrequiresthemtotaketheireyesandtheirattentionofftheroad.Doingsoposesadangernotonlytothemselvesandtheoccupantsintheirvehiclebutalsotoothersontheroad.20

A．ItcouldlandthemintheERorworse.B．Buttheymaynotbeobvioustotherestofus.C．Donot“borrow”anyfromfamily,friendsorothers.D．Neverleavekidsunattendedaroundbodiesofwater.E．Checkthemandmakesuretheyareingoodcondition.F．Theycouldhaveobtainedthemfromanunsafesource.G．Injuriesassociatedwiththemhaveincreasedinrecentyears.二、完形填空(★★★)Iknewnothingaboutflowerarranging.My________wasjusttoputallthestemsintothevaseuntilIcouldn’tfitanymorein.Asaresult,theflowersappear________andunbeautiful.ButthenIsawvlogsbyaChineseflorist(花商),whoproducesthe________beautifularrangements.First,hecreatesastructureforthe________usingcut-offlengthsofstem.Then,hecarefullyinsertsjusttherightstems,oneatatime,________leavesorgreeneryandcutsthemtothe________hewants,andfinally—andthisiswhereIam________—hecutsoffextra________oneachstemtocreateaperfectlybalancedwhole,whereeachblossomhas________toreallyshine.Iseewherehe’sgoing,andIlovetheresult,butit________tocutoffbeautifulflowers.ButwhenIwatchhim,Ithinkabouthowhe’sso________.Heedits.Hedoesn’tjustgeteverythinginbutcutsofftheextrasothatwhat________reallystandsout.So,ifyouareapersonwholoves________,youmayfindthatyouwanttoomanygoodthings—thisisjustmystyleofflowerarrangement.Youcould________afieldfullofchickenfeathers.Therefore,wemustlearntochooseand________therightamountofgoodforourlives.21.A．a(chǎn)ttitudeB．a(chǎn)pproachC．serviceD．introduction22.A．colourlessB．meaninglessC．uncrowdedD．disorganized23.A．confusinglyB．discouraginglyC．a(chǎn)stonishinglyD．shamingly24.A．houseB．furnitureC．vaseD．mood25.A．a(chǎn)ddsB．comparesC．strengthensD．makes26.A．beautyB．shapeC．typeD．model27.A．excitedB．a(chǎn)musedC．a(chǎn)nnoyedD．surprised28.A．branchesB．flowersC．leavesD．greenery29.A．roomB．energyC．timeD．garden30.A．hurtsB．helpsC．costsD．matters31.A．cruelB．successfulC．a(chǎn)wfulD．proud32.A．happensB．a(chǎn)ppealsC．remainsD．deserts33.A．freedomB．natureC．a(chǎn)dventureD．life34.A．breakawayfromB．getdowntoC．runoutofD．endupwith35.A．editB．a(chǎn)bandonC．recordD．mix三、語(yǔ)法填空(★★★)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。RisingGlobalAppealoftheChineseLanguageWhenChinahasexpandeditsvisa-freeofferings,tensofmillionsoftravelersareenteringthecountry,andfirst-timevisitorsareseen36(eager)communicatingonthestreets,usingtranslationapps,limitedMandarin,andamixofEnglishandbodylanguagewhen37(need).Suchexchangesandinteractionshavebecomeincreasinglywidespread.Suddenly,theChineselanguageisgainingpopularity38peopleofvariousskincolorsandhaircolors.ThisshifthassurprisedmanyChinese,39spentyearsstrugglingtopronounceEnglishandnavigatingitscomplexgrammar,oftenattheirparents'insistence,inordertoaccessbetter40(university)andjobopportunities.Now,thetablesmaybeturned.ExpertshighlightChina'sincreasinginfluenceasakeyfactorbehindtherisingpopularityofitslanguage.Whilemanyforeignersonce41(learn)Chineseoutofcuriosityaboutthecountry'srichhistoryandculture,today,China'snational42(strong)hassparkedabroaderinterestinallthingsrelatedtoit.WithChina'sincreasingglobalimportance,morepeoplethaneverbeforewanttolearnChineselanguage.Formostpeople,however,onedoesnothavetobe43expertinthelanguagetogettoknowthecountryandthepeople.Genuineinterestcanbeapowerfulmotivatorin44(it).AddingtothegrowingappealoftheChineselanguage,Chinahasrecentlyproducedawealthofgames,novelsandTVseriesthatarehard45(put)down.四、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作(★★★)46.假如你是李華，一名高三學(xué)生。為迎接人生中重要的時(shí)刻——成人禮，你所在班級(jí)召開(kāi)了主題班會(huì)。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)日記，要點(diǎn)包括：1.班會(huì)內(nèi)容；2.你的感想。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。May27th,TuesdaySunnyTodaywasunforgettable!Ourclassheldaspecialthememeetingtocelebrateourcoming-of-ageceremony.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(★★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Duringmyfreshmanyearatuniversity,Ibeganexperiencingweakeningpanicattacksthatcompletelyupsetmylife.Ordinarydailyoccurrences—thesoundofabookdropping,asimpletypingerror,orevenanunexpectedphonenotice—couldsendmeintoastateofoverwhelmingterror.Myheartwouldpoundviolently,mychestwouldconstrict(收縮)painfully,andIwouldstruggletodrawbreathasifdrowninginopenair.Iwashedoutofschool.ButwhenKaicametomyhome,thisbegantochange.Iwillalwaysrememberthatfirstday.Hewasanine-and-a-half-week-oldpuppy.Isatonthefloorofmyroomplayingwithhim.Hehoppedupovermyshoulderandontothebackofmychair,wherehelaywithhisarmsandlegsspreadoutinacarelesswaylikeacatrestinglazilyonabranch.Thenthe