2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解理解技巧專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______directions:readthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(a,b,cord)foreachquestion.markyouranswerontheanswersheet.passageoneinrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingconcernabouttheimpactofsocialmediaonyoungpeople'smentalhealth.numerousstudieshaveshownalinkbetweenexcessivesocialmediauseandincreasedratesofanxiety,depression,andloneliness.whilesocialmediacanbeavaluabletoolforcommunicationandconnection,itcanalsohavenegativeeffectsonyoungpeople'swell-being.oneofthemainconcernsaboutsocialmediaisitspotentialtopromotesocialcomparison.youngpeopleareconstantlyexposedtoimagesandmessagesofidealizedversionsofotherpeople'slives,whichcanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem.thisisparticularlytrueforthosewhospendalotoftimecomparingthemselvestoothersonsocialmedia.inaddition,theconstantbarrageofnegativenewsandcyberbullyingcanexacerbatefeelingsofanxietyanddepression.anotherissueistheaddictivenatureofsocialmedia.thedesignofsocialmediaplatformsisintentionallyengaging,withfeatureslikeinfinitescrollingandnotificationsthatencourageuserstospendmoretimeontheapp.thiscanleadtoyoungpeoplespendingexcessiveamountsoftimeonsocialmedia,neglectingtheirstudies,hobbies,andface-to-faceinteractionswithfriendsandfamily.insomecases,socialmediaaddictioncanevenleadtophysicalhealthproblems,suchassleepdeprivationandpoorposture.despitetheseconcerns,therearewaystomitigatethenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia.oneapproachistoencourageyoungpeopletobemoremindfuloftheirsocialmediause.thismeansbeingawareofhowmuchtimetheyarespendingonsocialmediaandhowitmakesthemfeel.italsomeanssettingboundaries,suchaslimitingsocialmediausetocertaintimesofdayoravoidingsocialmediaaltogetherduringcertainperiods.anotherapproachistopromotedigitalliteracyskills,whichcanhelpyoungpeoplecriticallyevaluatetheinformationtheyseeonsocialmediaandrecognizethepotentialpitfallsofexcessiveuse.ultimately,thekeytomitigatingthenegativeeffectsofsocialmediaisbalance.youngpeopleneedtobeabletoenjoythebenefitsofsocialmediawithoutlettingitnegativelyimpacttheirmentalhealth.thisrequiresacombinationofindividualresponsibility,parentalguidance,andeducationaboutthepotentialrisksandbenefitsofsocialmedia.questions:1.whatisthemainconcernaboutsocialmediamentionedinthepassage?2.accordingtothepassage,howdoessocialmediapromotesocialcomparison?3.whatistheaddictivenatureofsocialmedia?4.whatisoneapproachmentionedinthepassagetomitigatethenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia?5.whatdoestheauthorsuggestasthekeytomitigatingthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia?passagetwotheriseofartificialintelligence(ai)hasraisedconcernsaboutitspotentialimpactonthejobmarket.whileaihasthepotentialtoincreaseproductivityandcreatenewjobopportunities,italsohasthepotentialtoautomatemanyjobscurrentlyperformedbyhumans.thiscouldleadtosignificantjobdisplacementandeconomicdisruption.oneofthesectorsmostaffectedbyaiismanufacturing.robotsandautomatedsystemsareincreasinglybeingusedinfactoriestoperformtasksthatwerepreviouslydonebyhumanworkers.whilethiscanincreaseefficiencyandreducecosts,itcanalsoleadtojoblossesinthemanufacturingsector.forexample,areportbytheinternationalfederationofroboticsestimatedthatthenumberofindustrialrobotsinuseworldwidegrewby36%between2015and2020,whichcoulddisplacemillionsofmanufacturingjobs.anothersectoraffectedbyaiistransportation.self-drivingcarsandtruckshavethepotentialtorevolutionizethetransportationindustry,buttheycouldalsodisplacemillionsofprofessionaldrivers.whileself-drivingvehiclescouldimprovesafetyandefficiency,theycouldalsoleadtosignificantjoblossesinthetransportationsector.forexample,areportbythetransportationresearchboardestimatedthatself-drivingtruckscoulddisplaceupto4milliontruckdriversintheunitedstatesalone.despitetheseconcerns,therearealsoopportunitiescreatedbyai.aihasthepotentialtocreatenewjobsinfieldssuchasdatascience,machinelearning,andaidevelopment.thesejobsrequireskillsthatareinhighdemand,suchasprogramming,mathematics,andanalyticalthinking.inaddition,aicouldhelptocreatemoreefficientandproductiveindustries,whichcouldleadtoeconomicgrowthandthecreationofnewindustriesandjobs.theimpactofaionthejobmarketwilldependonanumberoffactors,includingthepaceoftechnologicalchange,theabilityofworkerstoadapttonewtechnologies,andgovernmentpolicies.itisimportantforgovernmentsandbusinessestoworktogethertoensurethatthetransitiontoanai-poweredeconomyissmoothandthatworkersareequippedwiththeskillstheyneedtosucceedinthefuturejobmarket.questions:6.whatisthemainconcernaboutaimentionedinthepassage?7.accordingtothepassage,howisthemanufacturingsectoraffectedbyai?8.whatisoneopportunitycreatedbyaimentionedinthepassage?9.whatfactorswillaffecttheimpactofaionthejobmarket?10.whatdoestheauthorsuggestgovernmentsandbusinessesshoulddo?passagethreetheincreasingavailabilityofinformationhasledtoaphenomenonknownasthe"infodemic."aninfodemicisanoverwhelmingamountofinformation,muchofitfalseormisleading,thatmakesitdifficultforpeopletodistinguishbetweenfactsandfiction.thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,suchasthespreadofmisinformationandtheerosionoftrustininstitutions.oneofthemaincausesoftheinfodemicistheriseofsocialmedia.socialmediaplatformshavemadeiteasyforanyonetoshareinformation,regardlessofitsaccuracy.thishasledtotherapidspreadofmisinformationanddisinformation,whichcanhaveseriousconsequences.forexample,falseinformationabouthealthcrisescanleadtopanicandpreventabledeaths.falseinformationaboutpoliticalcandidatescaninfluenceelectionoutcomesandunderminedemocraticprocesses.anothercauseoftheinfodemicisthealgorithmsusedbysocialmediaplatforms.thesealgorithmsaredesignedtomaximizeengagement,whichoftenmeanspromotingcontentthatissensationalorcontroversial,regardlessofitsaccuracy.thiscancreateechochambers,wherepeopleareonlyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs,makingitevenhardertodistinguishbetweenfactsandfiction.theconsequencesoftheinfodemicarefar-reaching.thespreadofmisinformationcanerodetrustininstitutions,suchasthemedia,government,andscientificorganizations.thiscanleadtoincreasedpolarizationandsocialdivision,aspeoplebecomemoredistrustfulofeachotherandoftheinstitutionsthataremeanttoservethem.inaddition,theinfodemiccanhaveeconomicconsequences,suchasthespreadoffinancialscamsandtheerosionofconsumerconfidence.addressingtheinfodemicrequiresamulti-facetedapproach.oneapproachistopromotemedialiteracyskills,whichcanhelppeoplecriticallyevaluatetheinformationtheyseeandidentifypotentialbiasesorinaccuracies.anotherapproachistoimprovethetransparencyofsocialmediaplatforms,sothatpeoplecanbetterunderstandhowtheirinformationisbeingcuratedandpromoted.inaddition,governmentsandotherinstitutionscanplayaroleincombatingtheinfodemicbypromotingaccurateinformationandholdingpurveyorsofmisinformationaccountable.ultimately,thefightagainsttheinfodemicisabattlefortruthandreason.itrequiresindividualstobemorecriticalconsumersofinformation,institutionstobemoretransparentandaccountable,andgovernmentstotakeaproactiveroleinpromotingaccurateinformationandcombatingmisinformation.questions:11.whatisaninfodemic?12.accordingtothepassage,howdoessocialmediacontributetotheinfodemic?13.whataretheconsequencesoftheinfodemicmentionedinthepassage?14.whatisoneapproachmentionedinthepassagetoaddresstheinfodemic?15.whatdoestheauthorsuggestastheultimategoaloffightingtheinfodemic?passagefourtheconceptofsustainabilityhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears,asconcernsaboutclimatechange,environmentaldegradation,andresourcedepletionhavegrown.sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.thisconcepthasimplicationsforawiderangeofareas,includingagriculture,energy,andurbanplanning.oneofthekeychallengesofsustainabilityisreducingcarbonemissions.carbonemissionsareamajorcontributortoclimatechange,andreducingthemisessentialformitigatingtheimpactsofclimatechange.thereareseveralwaystoreducecarbonemissions,suchasusingrenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,andadoptingsustainabletransportationpractices.forexample,renewableenergysourceslikewindandsolarpowerproducelittleornocarbonemissions,andusingtheminsteadoffossilfuelscansignificantlyreducecarbonemissions.improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildingsandvehiclescanalsoreducecarbonemissions,asitreducestheamountofenergyneededtoperformthesametasks.anotherkeychallengeofsustainabilityisconservingnaturalresources.naturalresourcesarefinite,andusingthemsustainablyisessentialforensuringthattheyareavailableforfuturegenerations.thereareseveralwaystoconservenaturalresources,suchasusingreusableproducts,reducingwaste,andadoptingsustainableagriculturalpractices.forexample,usingreusableproductslikeshoppingbagsandwaterbottlescanreducetheamountofwastegenerated,andsustainableagriculturalpracticeslikecroprotationandorganicfarmingcanreducetheuseofpesticidesandfertilizers,whichcanharmtheenvironment.urbanplanningalsoplaysacrucialroleinsustainability.sustainableurbanplanninginvolvesdesigningcitiesinawaythatminimizesenvironmentalimpactandpromotesthewell-beingofresidents.thiscanincludebuildinggreenbuildings,creatingpedestrian-friendlycities,andpromotingpublictransportation.forexample,greenbuildingsaredesignedtominimizeenergyconsumptionandreducecarbonemissions,andpedestrian-friendlycitiesmakeiteasierforpeopletowalkandbike,whichcanreducetheuseofcarsandlowercarbonemissions.ultimately,achievingsustainabilityrequiresacombinationofindividualaction,corporateresponsibility,andgovernmentpolicy.individualscanplayarolebymakingsustainablechoicesintheirdailylives,suchasusingreusableproducts,reducingwaste,andconservingenergy.corporationscanplayarolebyadoptingsustainablepracticesintheiroperations,suchasusingrenewableenergysourcesandreducingcarbonemissions.governmentscanplayarolebyimplementingpoliciesthatpromotesustainability,suchascarbontaxesandrenewableenergyincentives.questions:16.whatistheconceptofsustainability?17.accordingtothepassage,howcancarbonemissionsbereduced?18.whatisonewaytoconservenaturalresourcesmentionedinthepassage?19.whatissustainableurbanplanning?20.whatdoestheauthorsuggestasthekeytoachievingsustainability?試卷答案1.d解析思路：文章首段提出社會(huì)媒體對年輕人心理健康存在擔(dān)憂，隨后第二段詳細(xì)闡述了其中一個(gè)主要擔(dān)憂——社會(huì)比較。第三段討論了成癮性，第四段提出了減輕負(fù)面影響的方法。最后一段總結(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)平衡的重要性。因此，文章的核心擔(dān)憂是關(guān)于其對年輕人心理健康的綜合影響，特別是社會(huì)比較和成癮性帶來的負(fù)面后果。選項(xiàng)d（其對年輕人心理健康的綜合影響，特別是社會(huì)比較和成癮性帶來的負(fù)面后果）最能概括主旨。2.a解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，“oneofthemainconcernsaboutsocialmediaisitspotentialtopromotesocialcomparison.youngpeopleareconstantlyexposedtoimagesandmessagesofidealizedversionsofotherpeople'slives,whichcanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem.”這段明確指出，年輕人不斷接觸到生活中理想化的版本，導(dǎo)致了自卑和低自尊感。因此，選項(xiàng)a（年輕人不斷接觸到生活中理想化的版本，導(dǎo)致了自卑和低自尊感）是正確的。3.b解析思路：根據(jù)文章第三段，“anotherissueistheaddictivenatureofsocialmedia.thedesignofsocialmediaplatformsisintentionallyengaging,withfeatureslikeinfinitescrollingandnotificationsthatencourageuserstospendmoretimeontheapp.thiscanleadtoyoungpeoplespendingexcessiveamountsoftimeonsocialmedia...”這段解釋了社交媒體的成癮性在于其設(shè)計(jì)具有故意吸引力，例如無限滾動(dòng)和通知，鼓勵(lì)用戶花更多時(shí)間。因此，選項(xiàng)b（社交媒體平臺設(shè)計(jì)具有故意吸引力，例如無限滾動(dòng)和通知，鼓勵(lì)用戶花更多時(shí)間）是正確的。4.c解析思路：根據(jù)文章第四段，“oneapproachistoencourageyoungpeopletobemoremindfuloftheirsocialmediause.thismeansbeingawareofhowmuchtimetheyarespendingonsocialmediaandhowitmakesthemfeel.italsomeanssettingboundaries,suchaslimitingsocialmediausetocertaintimesofdayoravoidingsocialmediaaltogetherduringcertainperiods.”這段提到了一種減輕負(fù)面影響的方法，即鼓勵(lì)年輕人更留意他們的社交媒體使用情況，并設(shè)定界限，例如限制使用時(shí)間或完全避免。因此，選項(xiàng)c（鼓勵(lì)年輕人更留意他們的社交媒體使用情況，并設(shè)定界限）是正確的。5.d解析思路：根據(jù)文章最后一段，“ultimately,thekeytomitigatingthenegativeeffectsofsocialmediaisbalance.youngpeopleneedtobeabletoenjoythebenefitsofsocialmediawithoutlettingitnegativelyimpacttheirmentalhealth.thisrequiresacombinationofindividualresponsibility,parentalguidance,andeducationaboutthepotentialrisksandbenefitsofsocialmedia.”這段最后總結(jié)指出，減輕負(fù)面影響的關(guān)鍵是平衡，年輕人需要在享受社交媒體好處的同時(shí)，不讓其對心理健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。這需要個(gè)人責(zé)任、家長指導(dǎo)和關(guān)于潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和益處的教育相結(jié)合。因此，選項(xiàng)d（在享受社交媒體好處的同時(shí)，不讓其對心理健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，這需要個(gè)人責(zé)任、家長指導(dǎo)和關(guān)于潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和益處的教育相結(jié)合）是正確的。6.a解析思路：文章首段指出，“theriseofartificialintelligence(ai)hasraisedconcernsaboutitspotentialimpactonthejobmarket.”明確提出了對就業(yè)市場的潛在影響是主要擔(dān)憂。后續(xù)段落具體闡述了這種擔(dān)憂的表現(xiàn)，如自動(dòng)化導(dǎo)致的失業(yè)。因此，選項(xiàng)a（其對就業(yè)市場的潛在影響）是正確的。7.d解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，“whileaihasthepotentialtoincreaseproductivityandcreatenewjobopportunities,italsohasthepotentialtoautomatemanyjobscurrentlyperformedbyhumans.thiscouldleadtosignificantjobdisplacementinthemanufacturingsector.forexample,areportbytheinternationalfederationofroboticsestimatedthatthenumberofindustrialrobotsinuseworldwidegrewby36%between2015and2020,whichcoulddisplacemillionsofmanufacturingjobs.”這段說明，人工智能通過自動(dòng)化許多由人類完成的工作，可能導(dǎo)致制造業(yè)出現(xiàn)大量工作流失。因此，選項(xiàng)d（通過自動(dòng)化許多由人類完成的工作，可能導(dǎo)致制造業(yè)出現(xiàn)大量工作流失）是正確的。8.e解析思路：根據(jù)文章第三段，“despitetheseconcerns,therearealsoopportunitiescreatedbyai.aihasthepotentialtocreatenewjobsinfieldssuchasdatascience,machinelearning,andaidevelopment.thesejobsrequireskillsthatareinhighdemand,suchasprogramming,mathematics,andanalyticalthinking.”這段提到了人工智能創(chuàng)造的機(jī)會(huì)，特別是在數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)、機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能開發(fā)領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)造了新工作。因此，選項(xiàng)e（在數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)、機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能開發(fā)領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)造了新工作）是正確的。9.f解析思路：根據(jù)文章第四段，“theimpactofaionthejobmarketwilldependonanumberoffactors,includingthepaceoftechnologicalchange,theabilityofworkerstoadapttonewtechnologies,andgovernmentpolicies.”這段明確指出，人工智能對就業(yè)市場的影響取決于多個(gè)因素，包括技術(shù)變革的速度、工人適應(yīng)新技術(shù)的能力以及政府政策。因此，選項(xiàng)f（技術(shù)變革的速度、工人適應(yīng)新技術(shù)的能力以及政府政策）是正確的。10.g解析思路：根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句，“itisimportantforgovernmentsandbusinessestoworktogethertoensurethatthetransitiontoanai-poweredeconomyissmoothandthatworkersareequippedwiththeskillstheyneedtosucceedinthefuturejobmarket.”這段最后建議政府和企業(yè)共同努力，確保向人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型順利，并使工人具備未來就業(yè)市場所需的技能。因此，選項(xiàng)g（政府和企業(yè)共同努力，確保向人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型順利，并使工人具備未來就業(yè)市場所需的技能）是正確的。11.h解析思路：根據(jù)文章第一段，“theincreasingavailabilityofinformationhasledtoaphenomenonknownasthe'infodemic.'aninfodemicisanoverwhelmingamountofinformation,muchofitfalseormisleading,thatmakesitdifficultforpeopletodistinguishbetweenfactsandfiction.”這段定義了“infodemic”，即大量信息，其中許多是虛假或誤導(dǎo)性的，使人難以區(qū)分事實(shí)和虛構(gòu)。因此，選項(xiàng)h（大量信息，其中許多是虛假或誤導(dǎo)性的，使人難以區(qū)分事實(shí)和虛構(gòu)）是正確的。12.i解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，“oneofthemaincausesoftheinfodemicistheriseofsocialmedia.socialmediaplatformshavemadeiteasyforanyonetoshareinformation,regardlessofitsaccuracy.thishasledtotherapidspreadofmisinformationanddisinformation...”這段指出，社交媒體的興起是信息泛濫的主要原因，因?yàn)樯缃幻襟w平臺使得任何人都可以分享信息，無論其準(zhǔn)確性如何，這導(dǎo)致了錯(cuò)誤信息的快速傳播。因此，選項(xiàng)i（社交媒體平臺使得任何人都可以分享信息，無論其準(zhǔn)確性如何，這導(dǎo)致了錯(cuò)誤信息的快速傳播）是正確的。13.j解析思路：根據(jù)文章第三段，“theconsequencesoftheinfodemicarefar-reaching.thespreadofmisinformationcanerodetrustininstitutions,suchasthemedia,government,andscientificorganizations.thiscanleadtoincreasedpolarizationandsocialdivision,aspeoplebecomemoredistrustfulofeachotherandoftheinstitutionsthataremeanttoservethem.inaddition,theinfodemiccanhaveeconomicconsequences,suchasthespreadoffinancialscamsandtheerosionofconsumerconfidence.”這段列舉了信息泛濫的后果，包括侵蝕對機(jī)構(gòu)（媒體、政府、科學(xué)組織）的信任，導(dǎo)致兩極分化和社交分裂，以及經(jīng)濟(jì)后果，如金融詐騙和消費(fèi)者信心侵蝕。因此，選項(xiàng)j（侵蝕對機(jī)構(gòu)（媒體、政府、科學(xué)組織）的信任，導(dǎo)致兩極分化和社交分裂，以及經(jīng)濟(jì)后果，如金融詐騙和消費(fèi)者信心侵蝕）是正確的。14.k解析思路：根據(jù)文章第四段，“oneapproachistopromotemedialiteracyskills,whichcanhelppeoplecriticallyevaluatetheinformationtheyseeandidentifypotentialbiasesorinaccuracies.”這段提到了一種應(yīng)對信息泛濫的方法，即推廣媒體素養(yǎng)技能，這可以幫助人們批判性地評估他們看到的信息，并識別潛在的偏見或不準(zhǔn)確之處。因此，選項(xiàng)k（推廣媒體素養(yǎng)技能，這可以幫助人們批判性地評估他們看到的信息，并識別潛在的偏見或不準(zhǔn)確之處）是正確的。15.l解析思路：根據(jù)文章最后一段，“ultimately,thefightagainsttheinfodemicisabattlefortruthandreason.itrequiresindividualstobemorecriticalconsumersofinformation,institutionstobemoretransparentandaccountable,andgovernmentstotakeaproactiveroleinpromotingaccurateinformationandcombatingmisinformation.”這段最后指出，對抗信息泛濫是真理和理性的斗爭，需要個(gè)人成為更批判性的信息消費(fèi)者，機(jī)構(gòu)更加透明和負(fù)責(zé)，政府采取積極措施推廣準(zhǔn)確信息并打擊錯(cuò)誤信息。因此，選項(xiàng)l（真理和理性的斗爭，需要個(gè)人成為更批判性的信息消費(fèi)者，機(jī)構(gòu)更加透明和負(fù)責(zé)，政府采取積極措施推廣準(zhǔn)確信息并打擊錯(cuò)誤信息）是正確的。16.m解析思路：根據(jù)文章第一段，“theconceptofsustainabilityhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears,asconcernsaboutclimatechange,environmentaldegradation,andresourcedepletionhavegrown.sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.”這段定義了可持續(xù)性概念，即在不損害后代滿足其自身需求的能力的情況下，滿足當(dāng)代人的需求。因此，選項(xiàng)m（在不損害后代滿足其自身需求的能力的情況下，滿足當(dāng)代人的需求）是正確的。17.n解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，“oneofthekeychallengesof