5年（2021-2025）中考天津中考英語(yǔ)真題匯編（教師版）——短文首字母填空年份考題內(nèi)容（2021-2025）命題趨勢(shì)2025年說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了地球在歷史上經(jīng)歷的“小冰期”現(xiàn)象及其可能的原因，并與當(dāng)前全球變暖現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對(duì)比。文章體裁多樣，但主要以說(shuō)明文為主。重點(diǎn)考查對(duì)上下文的理解和詞匯的運(yùn)用能力。所填單詞多為實(shí)詞，如名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等。要求考生具備一定的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，能夠正確判斷句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和成分?？崭裨O(shè)置均勻分布在文章中，不會(huì)過(guò)于集中。文章內(nèi)容通常與學(xué)生的日常生活、社會(huì)文化、科普知識(shí)等相關(guān)。對(duì)學(xué)生的邏輯推理能力有一定要求，需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系推斷出合適的單詞考查的詞匯既包括常見(jiàn)詞匯，也可能涉及一些稍具難度的詞匯或短語(yǔ)。越來(lái)越注重語(yǔ)境的理解，單純考查語(yǔ)法的情況減少。2024年說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹“穴居人”的生活。2023年說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了對(duì)別人微笑的好處2022年說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了一些貧窮國(guó)家的一些特殊的運(yùn)送圖書(shū)的方式。2021年說(shuō)明文。文章講了電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的發(fā)展史。（25·天津中考真題）Todaytheearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Buthundredsofyearsa56,peoplehadadifferentproblem—a400-yearcoldperiod!Fromthe1400stothe1800s,wintersinthenorthernhalfoftheearthwerec57andlongerthantheyarenow.Scientistsc58thistimethe“LittleIceAge”(小冰期).Thecolderweatherb59manyseriousproblems.Plantsdiedofcoldandillnessspreadamongpeople.Peoplehadtospendalotmoretimecollectingwoodforfirestokeeptheirhousewarm.Andsometimes,ah60pieceoficewouldslidedown(滑落)amountainanddestroy(摧毀)somevillages.ScientiststhinktheLittleIceAgewascausedbyforces(力量)thatpeoplecouldnotcontrol.Onecause(起因),intheiropinion,wasthesun.Thesunoftenhas“storms”ofenergycalledsunspots(太陽(yáng)黑子).DuringtheLittleIceAge,therewerefewersunspotsthantherearet61.Withfewersunspots,thesunwasgivingoutlesse62whichmadetheearthwarm.Volcaniceruption(火山爆發(fā))wasprobablya63naturalcause.DuringtheLittleIceAge,manyvolcanoeserupted.Theirdust(灰塵)mightstopthesun’sl64andheatfromreachingtheearth.Todayweareseeingtheinfluencesofrisingtemperature.Scientiststhinkpeoplearecausingthischangebyb65alotofcoalandoil.Soweneedtochangeourwayofliving.【答案】56.(a)go57.(c)older58.(c)all59.(b)rought60.(h)uge61.(t)oday62.(e)nergy63.(a)nother64.(l)ight65.(b)urning【解析】本文主要講述了地球在歷史上經(jīng)歷的“小冰期”現(xiàn)象及其可能的原因，并與當(dāng)前全球變暖現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對(duì)比。56.句意：但幾百年前，人們面臨一個(gè)不同的問(wèn)題——持續(xù)400年的寒冷時(shí)期！根據(jù)“hundredsofyears”和時(shí)間對(duì)比語(yǔ)境以及所給首字母可知，此處需用表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間副詞，ago“以前”符合語(yǔ)境。故填(a)go。57.句意：從15世紀(jì)到19世紀(jì)，北半球的冬天比現(xiàn)在更寒冷且更漫長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)“wintersinthenorthernhalfoftheearthwere...andlongerthan”和所給首字母可知，北半球的冬天比現(xiàn)在更寒冷且更漫長(zhǎng)，此處應(yīng)用cold“寒冷的”的比較級(jí)colder。故填(c)older。58.句意：科學(xué)家稱(chēng)這個(gè)時(shí)期為“小冰期”。根據(jù)“Scientists...thistimethe‘LittleIceAge’(小冰期).”和所給首字母可知，科學(xué)家應(yīng)是稱(chēng)這個(gè)時(shí)期為“小冰期”，call“稱(chēng)作”，主語(yǔ)“Scientists”為復(fù)數(shù)，且描述客觀(guān)事實(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(c)all。59.句意：更寒冷的天氣帶來(lái)了許多嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)“Thecolderweather...manyseriousproblems.”和所給首字母可知，更寒冷的天氣應(yīng)是帶來(lái)了許多嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，“帶來(lái)”bring，此處用過(guò)去式brought與上下文時(shí)態(tài)一致，描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事。故填(b)rought。60.句意：有時(shí)，一大塊冰會(huì)從山上滑落并摧毀一些村莊。根據(jù)“pieceoficewouldslidedown(滑落)amountainanddestroy(摧毀)somevillages.”和所給首字母可知，應(yīng)是一大塊冰從山上滑落，才會(huì)摧毀一些村莊，“巨大的”huge，形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填(h)uge。61.句意：在小冰期，太陽(yáng)黑子比現(xiàn)在更少。與“DuringtheLittleIceAge”形成時(shí)間對(duì)比，此處需用表示現(xiàn)在的副詞。結(jié)合所給首字母可知，today“現(xiàn)在”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填(t)oday。62.句意：太陽(yáng)黑子減少，導(dǎo)致太陽(yáng)釋放的使地球變暖的能量更少。動(dòng)詞“givingout”后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)科學(xué)常識(shí)和所給首字母可知，此處指“能量”energy，不可數(shù)名詞。故填(e)nergy。63.句意：火山爆發(fā)可能是另一個(gè)自然原因。前文已提及太陽(yáng)是原因之一，此處應(yīng)表示另一個(gè)原因，結(jié)合所給首字母可知，another“另一、又一”符合語(yǔ)境。故填(a)nother。64.句意：火山灰可能會(huì)阻擋太陽(yáng)的光和熱量到達(dá)地球。與“heat”并列，需用名詞“光”light，不可數(shù)形式。故填(l)ight。65.句意：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人類(lèi)通過(guò)燃燒大量煤炭和石油導(dǎo)致了這一變化。根據(jù)“peoplearecausingthischangeby...alotofcoalandoil.Soweneedtochangeourwayofliving”和所給首字母可知，應(yīng)是燃燒煤炭和石油，burn“燃燒”，by后接動(dòng)名詞。故填(b)urning。（24·天津中考真題）Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters(遮蔽物)whichwerebuiltintrees.These‘homes’wereonlyusedastemporary(臨時(shí)的)shelterstop56themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled‘cavepeople’.These‘cavepeople’usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote57forthem.Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplacetos58forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn’tfinda59toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw(生的)foodu60theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark(樹(shù)皮)oftreesortheskins(皮)ofanimalstoc61theirbodies.However,thelivesofthe‘cavepeople’changed.Theycollectedtheseeds(種子)ofwildplantsthatg62intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandotherkindsoffarma63formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef64andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.Theirgroupsbecamel65thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.Theybuilthousesaslong-lastinghomes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The‘cavepeople’begantobecivilized(文明的).【答案】56.(p)rotect57.(e)asy58.(s)earch59.(a)nything60.(u)ntil61.(c)over62.(g)rew63.(a)nimals64.(f)armers65.(l)arger【解析】本文主要介紹“穴居人”的生活。56.句意：這些“家”只是用作臨時(shí)庇護(hù)所，保護(hù)他們免受陽(yáng)光、雨水和森林里的野生動(dòng)物的侵害。根據(jù)“These‘homes’wereonlyusedastemporary(臨時(shí)的)shelterstop...

themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.”可知，這些“家”保護(hù)他們免受陽(yáng)光、雨水和森林里的野生動(dòng)物的侵害，protect“保護(hù)”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(p)rotect。57.句意：這些“穴居人”通常生活在小群體中，生活對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)并不容易。根據(jù)“These‘cavepeople’usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote...forthem.”可知，生活對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表語(yǔ)，故填(e)asy。58.句意：他們不得不從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方尋找食物。根據(jù)“Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplacetos...forfood.”可知，他們不得不搬家尋找食物，searchfor“尋找”符合語(yǔ)境，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(s)earch。59.句意：當(dāng)他們找不到吃的東西時(shí)，他們會(huì)離開(kāi)去找另一個(gè)合適的地方。根據(jù)“Whentheycouldn’tfinda...toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.”可知，找不到吃的東西時(shí)就會(huì)搬家，anything“任何東西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。60.句意：他們吃生的食物，直到學(xué)會(huì)如何生火。根據(jù)“Theyateraw(生的)foodu...theylearnthowtomakeafire.”可知，直到學(xué)會(huì)如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(u)ntil。61.句意：至于衣服，他們只用樹(shù)皮或獸皮來(lái)遮蓋身體。根據(jù)“theyusedonlythebark(樹(shù)皮)oftreesortheskins(皮)ofanimalstoc...theirbodies”可知，他們只用樹(shù)皮或獸皮來(lái)遮蓋身體，cover“遮蓋”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(c)over。62.句意：他們收集了生長(zhǎng)在森林中的野生植物的種子。根據(jù)“Theycollectedtheseeds(種子)ofwildplantsthatg...intheforests.”可知，收集生長(zhǎng)在森林中的野生植物的種子，grow“生長(zhǎng)”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故填(g)rew。63.句意：他們還飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類(lèi)的農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，以獲取牛奶、肉和皮。根據(jù)“Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandotherkindsoffarma...formilk,meatandskins.”可知，飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類(lèi)的農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，animal“動(dòng)物”，“otherkindsof”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填(a)nimals。64.句意：他們成了農(nóng)民，只住在一個(gè)特定的地區(qū)。根據(jù)“Theybecamef...andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.”可知，他們成了農(nóng)民，farmer“農(nóng)民”，主語(yǔ)“They”是復(fù)數(shù)，故填(f)armers。65.句意：他們的群體變得比以前更大，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳罡臃€(wěn)定。根據(jù)“Theirgroupsbecamel...thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.”可知，他們的群體變得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表語(yǔ)，故填(l)arger。（23·天津中考真題）Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apersonmaysmilewhenheorsheisp____56____withsomeprogressinstudies.Orapersonmaysmileifafriendtellsafunnyjoke.Thereareothergoodr____57____tosmileoften.First,itise____58____tosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles(肌肉)tosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourf____59____arestandsmile!Second,smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytol____60____nicebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However,peopleoftensayasmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobea____61____someonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysunhappy.Third,smileshavepower(感染力).Bothsmilingandlaughingcaneasilyandquicklys____62____fromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend(往往會(huì))tolaughwithhimorher.Ifapersoniss____63____,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileoralaugh.Itistheeasiestwaytocheersomeoneup.F____64____,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Eventhoughyouaresad,trysmiling.You’llfindthatitwillbedifficulttos____65____sadforverylong!【答案】56.(p)leased57.(r)easons58.(e)asier59.(f)ace60.(l)ook61.(a)round62.(s)pread63.(s)ad64.(F)inally65.(s)tay【解析】本文主要介紹了對(duì)別人微笑的好處。56.句意：例如，當(dāng)一個(gè)人對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)上的進(jìn)步感到滿(mǎn)意時(shí)，他或她可能會(huì)微笑。bepleasedwith“對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意”，此處指對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)上的進(jìn)步感到滿(mǎn)意。故填(p)leased。57.句意：還有其他的好理由經(jīng)常微笑。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容及首字母r可知下文中介紹了微笑的理由，reason“理由，原因”，other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(r)easons。58.句意：首先，微笑比表現(xiàn)不開(kāi)心更容易。根據(jù)“Infact,itonlytakes17musclestosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.”可知微笑比表現(xiàn)不開(kāi)心更容易，is后接easy的比較級(jí)easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。59.句意：所以，讓你臉上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根據(jù)“Infact,itonlytakes17musclestosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.”可推出此處用的是臉部肌肉，結(jié)合首字母f可知用face表示“臉”。故填(f)ace。60.句意：人們可能會(huì)通過(guò)鍛煉或穿漂亮的衣服來(lái)使自己看起來(lái)漂亮。根據(jù)“byexercisingorwearingniceclothes”可知做這些是為了看起來(lái)漂亮，look“看起來(lái)”，不定式符號(hào)to后用動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成不定式。故填(l)ook。61.句意：這是因?yàn)槲覀兒苋菀缀鸵粋€(gè)微笑和快樂(lè)的人在一起。根據(jù)“Almostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysunhappy.”可知待在愛(ài)笑的人周?chē)苋菀?，用around表示“在……周?chē)薄９侍?a)round。62.句意：微笑和大笑都能輕易而迅速地從一個(gè)人傳播到另一個(gè)人。根據(jù)“fromonepersontoanother”可知此處指從人到人的傳播，spread“傳播”，can后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(s)pread。63.句意：如果一個(gè)人悲傷，最好的辦法就是分享一個(gè)微笑或大笑。根據(jù)“Itistheeasiestwaytocheersomeoneup.”可知要使難過(guò)的人高興起來(lái)，is后接形容詞sad表示“難過(guò)的”。故填(s)ad。64.句意：最后，微笑和大笑對(duì)身體很好。根據(jù)“First...Second...Third...”及首字母F可知此處用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。65.句意：你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)保持悲傷很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間是很困難的！根據(jù)“forverylong”可知此處指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持悲傷，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。（22·天津中考真題）InthesmallvillagesofKenya(肯尼亞),Africa,mostkidswanttoreadbooks.Butnoroadsgototheirhomes,onlymilesandmilesofsand.Carsandtrucksarenotuseful,s____56____librarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels.Camelscanhandle(應(yīng)付)thesandandthebooks.Twocamels,acameldriver,andalibrarian(圖書(shū)管理員)w____57____tothevillagestogether.Onecamelcarriesabout180kilosofbooks,andtheothercarriesatent.Ateachvillage,thelibrariansetsupthetentandshowstheb____58____tothekidsinside.Twoweekslater,thecamelsc____59____backwithnewbooks.SomepeopleinthemountainsofnorthernThailand(泰國(guó))getbooksinad____60____way.Their“l(fā)____61____”arecarriedbyelephants.Theseanimalscanhandlethedifficultjourney.Becausetheyarelarge,theycancarrymanybooksinmetalcases(金屬箱).Themetalprotectsthebooksfromtheheavyrainsthatf____62____inthearea.Indonesia(印度尼西亞)hasitsowndifficulties.Thecountryhasover17,000islands.Mostpeoplet____63____byboatandtheyalsocarrytheirbooksbyboat.Alibraryboatholds(容納)about500booksinboxes.Boxesofbooksareleftinvillagesandaretraded(交換)fornewbooksafewweeksl____64____.Forpeoplewholivefarandcan’tgettoalibrary,alibrarythatcomestothembringsmorethanbooks.Itbringsawholew_____65_____ofinformation.【答案】56.(s)o57.(w)alk58.(b)ooks59.(c)ome60.(d)ifferent61.(l)ibraries62.(f)all63.(t)ravel64.(l)ater65.(w)orld【解析】本文主要介紹了一些貧窮國(guó)家的一些特殊的運(yùn)送圖書(shū)的方式。56.句意：汽車(chē)和卡車(chē)沒(méi)有用處，所以圖書(shū)館的書(shū)是騎在駱駝背上的。根據(jù)“Carsandtrucksarenotuseful...librarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels”以及首字母可知前后兩句是因果關(guān)系，前因后果，用so引導(dǎo)。故填(s)o。57.句意：兩只駱駝、一個(gè)駱駝司機(jī)和一個(gè)圖書(shū)管理員一起步行到村莊。根據(jù)“Twocamels,acameldriver,andalibrarian”以及首字母并結(jié)合上文可知汽車(chē)和卡車(chē)沒(méi)有用，所以他們是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(w)alk。58.句意：在每個(gè)村莊，圖書(shū)管理員都會(huì)搭起帳篷，向里面的孩子們展示書(shū)籍。根據(jù)“thelibrariansetsupthetentandshowsthe...tothekidsinside”以及首字母可知圖書(shū)管理員給孩子展示書(shū)籍，表泛指用名詞復(fù)數(shù)books“書(shū)”。故填(b)ooks。59.句意：兩周后，駱駝帶著新書(shū)回來(lái)了。根據(jù)“backwithnewbooks”以及首字母可知是帶著新書(shū)回來(lái)，comeback“回來(lái)”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(c)ome。60句意：泰國(guó)北部山區(qū)的一些人以不同的方式獲取書(shū)籍。根據(jù)“SomepeopleinthemountainsofnorthernThailand(泰國(guó))getbooksin”以及首字母并結(jié)合下文可知泰國(guó)人獲取書(shū)籍的方式也不同，修飾名詞用形容詞different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。61.句意：他們的“圖書(shū)館”由大象攜帶。根據(jù)“arecarriedbyelephants”以及首字母可知此處指圖書(shū)館，library“圖書(shū)館”，根據(jù)are可知主語(yǔ)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(l)ibraries。62.句意：金屬保護(hù)書(shū)籍免受該地區(qū)的大雨影響。根據(jù)“Themetalprotectsthebooksfromtheheavyrains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(f)all。63.句意：大多數(shù)人乘船旅行，他們也乘船攜帶書(shū)籍。根據(jù)“byboatandtheyalsocarrytheirbooksbyboat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(t)ravel。64.句意：成箱的書(shū)留在村子里，幾周后被換成新書(shū)。根據(jù)“Boxesofbooksareleftinvillagesandaretraded(交換)fornewbooksafewweeks”以及首字母可知是幾周后換新書(shū)，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。65.句意：它帶來(lái)了很多信息。根據(jù)“Itbringsawhole...ofinformation”以及首字母可知是很多信息，aworldof“很多”。故填(w)orld。（21·天津中考真題）Electriccarsmayseemlikearecentinvention,butthey’vebeenaroundforyears.Intheearly1900s,thereweremoreelectriccarsontheroadthantherewerepetrol(汽油)cars.Atthattime,petrolwase____56____comparedwithotherfuels(燃料).W____57____petrolpricesdroppedandnewtechnologiesweredeveloped,electriccarswentoutoffashion(過(guò)時(shí)).Instead,petrolcarsbecamemorep____58____becausetheycouldtravellongerdistances(距離)withoutstopping.Duringthe20thcentury,petrolcarsgotbigger,heavier,andfaster.Theyneededmorefuel,anditc____59____moreairpollution.Foryears,carmakersdidn’tworryaboutpollution.Theydidn’tworryabouttheamountofpetrolcarsused,e____60____.Butwhenpeoplebegantorealisethattherewasnotenoughoilontheearth,theyaskedcarmakerstoproducemoreefficient(高效能的)andlesspollutingcars.Onem____61____ofsolvingtheproblemwasa“hybrid”car(混合動(dòng)力車(chē)),onethatranpartlyonpetrolandpartlyonelectricity.Hybridcarsbecamepopularinthe2000swhenpetrolpriceswentupandthepricesofhybridcarswentd____62____.Anall-electriccarusesnopetrol.Theproblem,however,isthatcarbatteries(電池)needtoberecharged(再充電).Thatmakeselectriccarsnotsousefulforlongj____63____.Manypeoplearenotp____64____withit.Thegovernmentandcarmakersarew_____65_____togethertodevelopsafe,cheap,andusefulelectriccars.Whenpeoplehavethesecarsinthefuture,apetrolstationmaybeathingofthepast.【答案】56.(e)xpensive57.(W)hen58.(p)opular59.(c)aused60.(e)ither61.(m)ethod62.(d)own63.(j)ourneys64.(p)leased65.(w)orking【解析】文章講了電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的發(fā)展史。56.句意：在那個(gè)時(shí)候，汽油和其他燃料相比是昂貴的。根據(jù)“petrolpricesdropped”可知之前是很昂貴的。故填(e)xpensive。57.句意：當(dāng)汽油價(jià)格下降和新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，電動(dòng)汽車(chē)不再流行。此處表示當(dāng)某事發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一件事發(fā)生了，用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故填(W)hen。58.句意：相反，汽油汽車(chē)變得更受歡迎，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢圆煌＼?chē)行駛更長(zhǎng)的距離。根據(jù)“becausetheycouldtravellongerdistanceswithoutstopping”可知此處講到汽油汽車(chē)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，應(yīng)是變的受歡迎了，popular受歡迎的，形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故填(p)opular。59.句意：他們需要更多的燃料，而這導(dǎo)致了更多的空氣污染。根據(jù)“moreairpollution”及首字母c可知此處表示引起更多污染，cause引起，再由“needed”可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填(c)aused。60.句意：他們也不擔(dān)心汽油汽車(chē)的使用量?！癲idn’tworryabout”與前面重復(fù)，由此推出是也不擔(dān)心，either也，用于否定句末尾。故填(e)ither。61.句意：解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一種方法是“混合”汽車(chē)，一種部分依靠汽油，部分依靠電力的汽車(chē)。根據(jù)“solvingtheproblem”可知講解決問(wèn)題的方法，結(jié)合首字母m可知用method表示“方法”，One后接其單數(shù)形式。故填(m)ethod。62.句意：混合動(dòng)力汽車(chē)在2000年代開(kāi)始流行，當(dāng)時(shí)汽油價(jià)格上漲，混合動(dòng)力汽車(chē)的價(jià)格下降。根據(jù)“Hybridcarsbecamepopularinthe2000s”可知混合汽車(chē)的價(jià)格應(yīng)是下降了，godown下降。故填(d)own。63.句意：這使得電動(dòng)汽車(chē)在長(zhǎng)途旅行中不那么有用。根據(jù)“Theproblem,however,isthatcarbatteriesneedtoberecharged.”可知電動(dòng)汽車(chē)需要在充電，不適合長(zhǎng)途旅行，journey旅行，long前沒(méi)有不定冠詞或其他限定詞，用復(fù)數(shù)形式j(luò)ourneys。故填(j)ourneys。64.句意：很多人都不滿(mǎn)意。根據(jù)“Thatmakeselectriccarsnotsousefulforlongjourneys.”可知人們是對(duì)電動(dòng)汽車(chē)不能用于長(zhǎng)途旅行這一現(xiàn)象不滿(mǎn)意。bepleasedwith對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意。故填(p)leased。65.句意：政府和汽車(chē)制造商正在合作開(kāi)發(fā)安全、便宜、有用的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。根據(jù)“todevelopsafe,cheap,andusefulelectriccars.”可知政府和汽車(chē)制造廠(chǎng)是一起工作，work工作，are后接現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填(w)orking。（25·天津南開(kāi)區(qū)一模）QinlingStation,China’snewstationinAntarcticaInApril,Chinesescientistsreturnedfroma“cool”triptoAntarctica(南極).Theyhadabigjob:TheybuiltChina’sf56researchstationtherecalledtheQinlingStation.Thescientistsbuiltitinonlytwomonths.TheymademanypartsofitinChina;andthent57themallthewaytoAntarctica.Oncetheygotthere,theyputthepartstogetherjustlikebuildingwithLegobricks(樂(lè)高積木).TheQinlingStationcanwithstand(抵抗)t58aslowas-60℃.Ituseswindandsolarenergybecausetheyareg59energy.Howbigisthestation?Itsmainbuildingcoversanareaof5,120km2,makingitthelargestsinglestructureamongChina’sexistingresearchstations.Itcanh6080scientistsinsummerand30inwinter.Scientistsliveinthesidepartsduringsummer.Thelabsarealsothere.Themiddlepartisforworkingandeatingm61.Scientistssleepinthebedroomsontheupperfloorduringwinter.Howisitspecial?ItwasthefirsttimeChinabuiltastationneartheRossSea.Theseaisfullofrarea62,suchaskillerwhales(虎鯨),Adeliepenguins(阿德利企鵝)andemperorpenguins.Therearealsomanyvolcanoesandbigglaciersalongthecoastofthesea.WhatareChina’sfivestations?B63theQinlingStation,ChinaestablishedfourresearchbasesinAntarcticaoverthepastnearly40years—theGreatWallStation,theZhongshanStation,theKunlunStationandtheTaishanStation.TheGreatWallStationwasthefirsttobebuiltinFebruary1985.TheQinlingStationisnearsomemountains.Thesemountainsd64Antarcticaintotwoparts,justliketheQinlingMountainsformanaturalgeographicalboundary(界線(xiàn))betweennorthernandsouthernChina.KunlunandTaishanareonlyopeninsummer.Qinling,ChangchengandZhongshanareopenally65round.【答案】56.(f)ifth57.(t)ook58.(t)emperatures59.(g)reen60.(h)old61.(m)eals62.(a)nimals63.(B)efore64.(d)ivide65.(y)ear【解析】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)在南極新建的秦嶺站及其特點(diǎn)。56.句意：他們肩負(fù)著一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)：他們?cè)谀抢锝⒘酥袊?guó)的第五個(gè)研究站——秦嶺站。根據(jù)“ChinaestablishedfourresearchbasesinAntarcticaoverthepastnearly40years”和首字母提示可知，此處指秦嶺站是第五個(gè)科考站。fifth“第五”，序數(shù)詞，表順序。故填(f)ifth。57.句意：他們?cè)谥袊?guó)制造了很多零件；然后把它們一路帶到南極。根據(jù)“TheymademanypartsofitinChina”可知，此句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，空處填動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式作謂語(yǔ)，與made是順承關(guān)系。根據(jù)“toAntarctica”和首字母提示可知，此處指將零件帶去南極。take“帶”，動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式為took。故填(t)ook。58.句意：秦嶺站可以抵抗低至-60℃的溫度。根據(jù)“aslowas-60℃”和首字母提示可知，秦嶺站可以抵抗低溫。temperature“溫度”，指南極洲的溫度，可數(shù)名詞。前無(wú)冠詞修飾，用復(fù)數(shù)的temperatures，作賓語(yǔ)。故填(t)emperatures。59.句意：它使用風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能，因?yàn)樗鼈兪蔷G色能源。根據(jù)“windandsolarenergy”和首字母提示可知，風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能是綠色能源。green“綠色的”，形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填(g)reen。60.句意：它可以在夏季容納80名科學(xué)家，冬季容納30名。根據(jù)“80scientistsinsummerand30inwinter”和首字母提示可知，此處指容納這么多人。hold“容納”，位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后，用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(h)old。61.句意：中間部分用來(lái)工作和用餐。根據(jù)“eating”和首字母提示可知，此處指吃飯。meal“餐，飯”，可數(shù)名詞，前無(wú)冠詞修飾，用復(fù)數(shù)的meals，作賓語(yǔ)。故填(m)eals。62.句意：羅斯海充滿(mǎn)了稀有動(dòng)物，如虎鯨、阿德利企鵝和帝企鵝。根據(jù)“suchaskillerwhales(虎鯨),Adeliepenguins(阿德利企鵝)andemperorpenguins”和首字母提示可知，此處指有很多動(dòng)物。animal“動(dòng)物”，可數(shù)名詞，前無(wú)冠詞修飾，用復(fù)數(shù)的animals，作賓語(yǔ)。故填(a)nimals。63.句意：在秦嶺站之前，中國(guó)在過(guò)去近40年里在南極建立了四個(gè)研究基地——長(zhǎng)城站、中山站、昆侖站和泰山站。根據(jù)“ChinaestablishedfourresearchbasesinAntarcticaoverthepastnearly40years”和首字母提示可知，這四個(gè)研究基地是在秦嶺站之前建立的。before“在……之前”，介詞，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填(B)efore。64.句意：這些山脈將南極分為兩部分，就像秦嶺山脈形成中國(guó)南北的自然地理界線(xiàn)一樣。描述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，空處位于復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)后，填動(dòng)詞原形作謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“intotwoparts”和首字母提示可知，此處指將北極分成兩部分。divide“分開(kāi)”，動(dòng)詞。故填(d)ivide。65.句意：秦嶺站、長(zhǎng)城站和中山站全年開(kāi)放。根據(jù)“KunlunandTaishanareonlyopeninsummer”和首字母提示可知，此處指全年開(kāi)放。allyearround“全年”，year“年”，可數(shù)名詞。故填(y)ear。（25·天津河?xùn)|區(qū)一模）Aswintercomes,handscaneasilygetcold.Thickglovesmightbeagoodchoice,butsometimeswearingthemisinconvenient.However,thiswasnotaproblemforChinesepeopleinthepast,whohadafinet56towarmtheirhands:handwarmers.Thereisaf57storyaboutthewell-knowninvention.EmperorYangfromtheSuiDynastyvisitedJiangsuinwinter.Becauseofthecold,alocalofficialaskedcraftsmen(工匠人)tomakeasmallwarmerfortheemperorthatcouldbeheldinhishands.So,thehandwarmerwasc58.BytheSongDynasty,thewarmershadbecomepopulara59thecommonpeople.Skillsforproducingthetoolwerew60usedintheMingandQingDynasties.Manypoetsfromthisperiodkeptarecordofpeopleusinghandwarmers.Intheearlydays,copper(銅)wasgenerallyusedintheproductionprocess.Itwasmoresuitablethansilver,ironandchinab61itcouldtransfer(傳導(dǎo))heatbetter,whilereducingtheriskofbreakageorcorrosion(腐蝕).Insideahandwarmer,therewerecoals,someofwhichweremixedwithflowers,soitcouldg62offanicesmellwhenburned.Thedesignsofancienthandwarmersared63.Round,squareandoctagonal(八角形的)o64weretypical(典型的),andtherewerealsosomefashionedshapeswhichlookedlikeflowersandshells.Thepatternsonthewarmerswouldusuallybeanimalsorsymbolsw65goodmeanings,suchasdeer,flowersortheChinesecharactersforlonglife.【答案】56.(t)ool57.(f)olk58.(c)reated59.(a)mong60.(w)idely61.(b)ecause62.(g)ive63.(d)ifferent64.(o)nes65.(w)ith【解析】本文主要講述了古代中國(guó)人的暖手工具：暖手爐。56.句意：然而，在過(guò)去這對(duì)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)并不是問(wèn)題，他們有一個(gè)很好的暖手工具：暖手爐。根據(jù)“handwarmers”及首字母提示，可知tool“工具”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(t)ool。57.句意：關(guān)于這項(xiàng)著名的發(fā)明有一個(gè)民間故事。根據(jù)“EmperorYangfromtheSuiDynastyvisitedJiangsuinwinter.Becauseofthecold,alocalofficialaskedcraftsmen…thatcouldbeheldinhishands.”可知，此處指民間故事，folkstory民間故事，故填(f)olk。58.句意：這樣，暖手器被創(chuàng)造出來(lái)了。根據(jù)上文“EmperorYangfromtheSuiDynastyvisitedJiangsuinwinter.Becauseofthecold,alocalofficialaskedcraftsmen…thatcouldbeheldinhishands.”可知此處指手爐被創(chuàng)造出來(lái)了，create創(chuàng)造，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，此處填寫(xiě)create的過(guò)去分詞created，故填(c)reated。59.句意：到了宋代，手爐已經(jīng)在普通民眾中流行起來(lái)。根據(jù)首字母提示及“thecommonpeople”可知，此處指在普通人中流行起來(lái)，among在……當(dāng)中，故填(a)mong。60.句意：生產(chǎn)這種工具的技巧在明清時(shí)期被廣泛應(yīng)用。分析句子可知此處缺少副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)“BytheSongDynasty,thewarmershadbecomepopular…thecommonpeople”可以推測(cè)在明清時(shí)期生產(chǎn)手爐的技巧被廣泛應(yīng)用，widely廣泛地，副詞，符合語(yǔ)境及首字母提示，故填(w)idely。61.句意：它比銀、鐵和瓷更合適，因?yàn)樗梢愿玫貍鞯綗?。根?jù)“itcouldtransfer(傳導(dǎo))heatbetter”可知表示是銅更適合的原因，所以連詞because“因?yàn)椤狈险Z(yǔ)境及首字母提示，故填(b)ecause。62.句意：因此，燃燒時(shí)可能會(huì)散發(fā)出很好的氣味。根據(jù)“anicesmell”可知此處指散發(fā)出好聞的氣味，giveoff散發(fā)出，故填(g)ive。63.句意：古代手爐的設(shè)計(jì)是不同的。根據(jù)“Round,squareandoctagonal…”可知此處指設(shè)計(jì)不同，different不同的，符合首字母提示及語(yǔ)境，故填(d)ifferent。64.句意：圓的、方的和八角的暖爐是典型的。根據(jù)“Round,squareandoctagonal”可知此處指手爐的形狀，此處用ones指代前面提到的handwarmers，故填(o)nes。65.句意：手爐上的圖案通常是動(dòng)物或具有良好含義的象征，如鹿、花或者長(zhǎng)壽的中國(guó)人物。分析句子可知“…goodmeanings”作后置定語(yǔ)，結(jié)合所給首字母提示，可知with“帶有”符合語(yǔ)境及首字母提示，故填(w)ith。（25·天津河西區(qū)一模）Theoil-paperumbrellahasahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina.Therearedifferents56abouttheinventionoftheumbrellainChina.ThemostpopularonehassomethingtodowithLuBan.It’ssaidthatonceheandhiswifevisitedtheWestLake,itstartedrainingsuddenly.Hiswifesaid,“Let’shaveac57.Beforesunrisetomorrow,theonewhocomesupwithagoodwaytovisittheWestLakeevenonrainydayswillbethewinner.”LuBanthoughtitwaseasy.Hec58sometoolsandmaterials.Thenhespentthewholenightb59pavilions(亭子)aroundthelake.Hewasquitep60ofhiswork.Thenextmorning,whenLuBantalkedabouthisachievements(成就)andtookprideinhimself,hiswifeheldsomethingunusualinherhand.Itcouldbeopenedintoaroundshape.LuBanwass61.Hefoundthattheobject(物體),madeofsilkandbamboo,couldbeopenedandclosedeasily.Itwaslight,beautifulandeasytocarry.LuBansaid.“Youwin.Yourinventioncanp62usfromrainbetter.”Sotheumbrellawasi63.Later,peoplebegantousepaper,whichwasc64thansilk.Tomaketheumbrellawater-proof(防水),peoplebrushedakindofoilonthesurface.Sotheoil-paperumbrellaa65.【答案】56.(s)tories57.(c)ompetition/(c)ontest58.(c)ollected59.(b)uilding60.(p)roud61.(s)urprised62.(p)rotect63.(i)nvented64.(c)heaper65.(a)ppeared【解析】本文介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)手工藝品——油紙傘被發(fā)明的故事。56.句意：關(guān)于傘在中國(guó)的發(fā)明有不同的故事。根據(jù)“abouttheinventionoftheumbrellainChina”和首字母提示可知，此處表示關(guān)于傘在中國(guó)的發(fā)明的故事。story“故事”，different后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填(s)tories。57.句意：我們來(lái)比賽吧。根據(jù)下一句“Beforesunrisetomorrow,theonewhocomesupwithagoodwaytovisittheWestLakeevenonrainydayswillbethewinner.”和首字母提示可知，此處是指比賽。competition/contest“比賽”，a后接名詞單數(shù)形式。故填(c)ompetition/(c)ontest。58.句意：他收集了工具和材料。根據(jù)下一句“Thenhespentthewholenight...pavilionsaroundthelake.”和首字母提示可知，此處是指收集了（建造亭子所需的）工具和材料。collect“收集”，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，陳述過(guò)去的事，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式collected。故填(c)ollected。59.句意：然后，他花了一整夜在湖邊建造亭子。根據(jù)“hespentthewholenight...pavilions”和首字母提示可知，此處是指他花了一整夜建造亭子。build“建造”，spendtimedoingsth“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，所以填動(dòng)名詞形式building。故填(b)uilding。60.句意：他對(duì)自己的工作感到非常自豪。根據(jù)“Hewasquite...ofhiswork.”和首字母提示可知，此處是指他對(duì)自己的工作感到非常自豪。beproudof“對(duì)……感到自豪”。故填(p)roud。61.句意：魯班感到驚訝。根據(jù)下文“Hefoundthattheobject,madeofsilkandbamboo,couldbeopenedandclosedeasily.Itwaslight,beautifulandeasytocarry.”和首字母提示可知，此處是指魯班感到驚訝。surprised“感到驚訝的”，形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。故填(s)urprised。62.句意：你的發(fā)明可以更好地保護(hù)我們免受雨水的侵襲。根據(jù)下文“usfromrainbetter”和首字母提示可知，此處是指更好地保護(hù)我們免受雨水的侵襲。protect“保護(hù)”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(p)rotect。63.句意：因此傘被發(fā)明了。根據(jù)“theumbrellawas....”和首字母提示可知，此處是指?jìng)惚话l(fā)明。invent“發(fā)明”，用過(guò)去分詞形式為invented，和前面的was一起構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填(i)nvented。64.句意：后來(lái)，人們開(kāi)始使用比絲綢更便宜的紙。根據(jù)“peoplebegantousepaper,whichwas...thansilk”和首字母提示可知，此處是人們開(kāi)始使用比絲綢便宜的紙。應(yīng)填形容詞cheap“便宜的”比較級(jí)形式cheaper“更便宜的”，作表語(yǔ)。故填(c)heaper。65.句意：因此油紙傘出現(xiàn)了。根據(jù)“theoil-paperumbrella....”和首字母提示可知，此處是指油紙傘出現(xiàn)了。appear“出現(xiàn)”，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，陳述過(guò)去的事，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式appeared。故填(a)ppeared。（25·天津河北區(qū)一模）Ataboutfourpmoneveryschoolday,agroupofelderlyvolunteersinredvests(馬甲)areseenwaitingatthegateofaprimaryschoolinacommunityinNingbo.Theyareknownas“sharedgrandmas”.YuanPeijun,63,isthe“grandma”whos56theheart-warmingprograminthecommunity.Inearly2019,Yuanstartedtohelppickupaneighboringgirlwhowasinthesamekindergarten(幼兒園)ashergrandson.Thegirl'sparentswerestillbusywithworkwhenshefinishedschool,sopickingherupontimewasd57fortheyoungcouple.Whenlearningofthes58,Yuanoffereda“smallfavor”.Thefavorstillgoesontodayasb59kidsnowstudyinthesameprimaryschool.Yuan'sactionhasi60moreelderlywomen.InSeptember2019,aformalprogramwasstartedinthecommunity.Now,thevolunteerteamhas58“grandmas”,mostlyintheir60sand70s.Theyhelpworkingparentspickuptheirchildrenandhelpthemwiththeirhomeworku61theirparentstakeover.Inthecommunity,about1,200familiesaredual-incomefamilies(雙薪家庭),andmostofthemhaveyoungchildren.Kindergartensandprimaryschoolsfinishhourse62thanmostworkingparentsgetoffwork.Thankstotheseelderlyvolunteers,theproblemofpickingupchildrenhasbeens63properly.Expertssaytheprogramnotonlymeetsthen64ofyoungfamilies,butalsomakesfulluseoftheelderlyasagroup.Manyelderlypeoplearenotr65tolivetheretired(退休的)lifeandtheywanttoshowtheirvalueaswell.TheprogramisalsoagoodexampleoftheoldChinesesaying—Closeneighborsarebetterthandistantrelatives.【答案】56.(s)tarted57.(d)ifficult58.(s)ituation59.(b)oth60.(i)nfluenced61.(u)ntil62.(e)arlier63.(s)olved64.(n)eeds65.(r)eady【解析】本文主要講述了寧波一個(gè)社區(qū)中一群被稱(chēng)為“共享奶奶”的老年志愿者團(tuán)隊(duì)，他們幫助雙職工家庭接送孩子并輔導(dǎo)作業(yè)的暖心故事。56.句意：63歲的袁培軍是在社區(qū)發(fā)起這個(gè)暖心項(xiàng)目的“奶奶”。根據(jù)“YuanPeijun,63,isthe‘grandma’who...theheart-warmingprograminthecommunity.”及首字母提示可知，這里表示發(fā)起項(xiàng)目，start有“開(kāi)始；發(fā)起”的意思，且句子描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填(s)tarted。57.句意：女孩放學(xué)時(shí)，她的父母仍在忙于工作，所以按時(shí)去接她對(duì)這對(duì)年輕夫婦來(lái)說(shuō)是困難的。根據(jù)“Thegirl’sparentswerestillbusywithworkwhenshefinishedschool”可知，父母忙，按時(shí)接孩子就困難，difficult“困難的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故填(d)ifficult。58.句意：當(dāng)?shù)弥@個(gè)情況時(shí)，袁提供了一個(gè)“小幫助”。根據(jù)上文提到女孩父母忙，接孩子困難可知，這里指袁得知這種情況，situation“情況；狀況”，名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填(s)ituation。59.句意：這個(gè)幫助如今仍在繼續(xù)，因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)孩子現(xiàn)在在同一所小學(xué)上學(xué)。根據(jù)上文提到袁幫助接的女孩和她的孫子可知，這里指兩個(gè)孩子，both“兩者都”，符合語(yǔ)境，故填(b)oth。60.句意：袁的行為影響了更