2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解策略技巧解析試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartIReadingComprehensiondirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheinternet,aglobalnetworkofinterconnectedcomputers,hasfundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicate,work,andlive.Itsdevelopmentoverthepastfewdecadeshasbeennothingshortofrevolutionary,transformingitfromanicheacademictoolintoanindispensablepartofmodernsociety.However,thisrapidexpansionhasalsobroughtaboutahostofchallenges,includingissuesrelatedtoprivacy,security,andthedigitaldivide.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsoftheinternethasbeenoncommunication.Email,instantmessaging,socialmedia,andvideoconferencinghavemadeitpossibleforpeopletoconnectwitheachotherinstantly,regardlessofgeographicaldistance.Thishasnotonlyfacilitatedpersonalrelationshipsbuthasalsorevolutionizedbusinesspractices,enablingcompaniestooperategloballyandcollaboratewithteammembersindifferentlocations.Theinternethasalsodemocratizedaccesstoinformationlikeneverbefore.Withafewclicks,individualscanfindanswerstoalmostanyquestion,accessavastarrayofeducationalresources,orstayinformedabouteventshappeningaroundtheworld.Thishasthepotentialtobridgeknowledgegapsandempowerpeoplewithknowledge.Despitethesebenefits,theinternetisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Concernsaboutprivacyanddatasecurityhavebecomeincreasinglyprominentinrecentyears.Thevastamountofpersonalinformationsharedonlinemakesindividualsvulnerabletoidentitytheft,fraud,andothermaliciousactivities.Additionally,theinternethasbeencriticizedforfosteringmisinformationandpolarization.Theeasewithwhichfalseinformationcanbespreadonlinecanhaveseriousconsequences,influencingpublicopinion,politicaloutcomes,andevensocialstability.Moreover,thedigitaldivide,thegapbetweenthosewhohavereadyaccesstotheinternetandthosewhodonot,remainsasignificantissueinmanypartsoftheworld.Thisinequalitycanexacerbateexistingsocialandeconomicdisparities,limitingopportunitiesforthosewithoutaccesstodigitaltechnologies.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,howhastheinternetaffectedpersonalrelationships?3.Whataresomeofthenegativeconsequencesoftheinternetmentionedinthepassage?4.Theword"democratized"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)RestrictedB)EqualizedC)CommercializedD)RegulatedPassageTwoClimatechange,aphenomenoncharacterizedbylong-termshiftsintemperaturesandweatherpatterns,posesoneofthemostsignificantthreatstotheplanet'secosystemsandhumansocieties.Itscausesareprimarilyrootedinhumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuels,whichreleaseslargeamountsofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Thesegases,includingcarbondioxideandmethane,trapheatandcausetheEarth'saveragetemperaturetorise,leadingtoacascadeofenvironmentalconsequences.Theimpactsofclimatechangearefar-reachingandvaried.Risingsealevels,causedbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,threatencoastalcommunitieswithfloodingandhabitatloss.Morefrequentandintenseheatwaves,droughts,andheavyrainfalleventsarebecomingincreasinglycommon,leadingtoagriculturalfailures,watershortages,andincreasedriskofnaturaldisasters.Changesinprecipitationpatternsarealsoalteringecosystems,affectingbiodiversityandthesurvivalofnumerousspecies.Coralreefs,forinstance,aresufferingfrombleachingeventsduetowarmeroceantemperatures,whichcanhavedevastatingconsequencesformarinelife.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproach.Reducinggreenhousegasemissionsisparamount,andthiscanbeachievedbytransitioningtorenewableenergysourcessuchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower.Improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildings,transportation,andindustryisalsocrucial.Additionally,sustainablelandusepractices,suchasreforestationandconservation,canhelpabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.Individualactions,suchasreducingconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andadoptingaplant-baseddiet,canalsocontributetomitigatingclimatechange.Questions:5.Whatistheprimarycauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?6.Whataresomeoftheconsequencesofrisingsealevelsmentionedinthepassage?7.Howcanrenewableenergysourceshelpaddressclimatechange?8.Theword"mitigating"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ExacerbatingB)AcceleratingC)AlleviatingD)IgnoringPassageThreeTheconceptof"gigeconomy"referstoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.Thisemergingeconomy,fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears.Whileitoffersflexibilityandautonomyforworkers,italsoraisesconcernsaboutjobsecurity,benefits,andworkerprotections.Oneofthemainadvantagesofthegigeconomyisitsflexibility.Workerscanchoosewhenandwheretheywanttowork,allowingthemtobalancetheirprofessionalandpersonallivesmoreeffectively.Thisisparticularlyappealingtoindividualswhovalueautonomyandwanttoavoidtherigidstructureoftraditionalemployment.Thegigeconomyalsoprovidesopportunitiesforpeopletoearnincomethroughskillsandservicesthatmightnotberecognizedinthetraditionaljobmarket.Forexample,individualswithexpertiseingraphicdesign,writing,oronlinetutoringcanfindclientsthroughgigplatformsandearnasubstantialincome.However,thegigeconomyisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Workersinthiseconomyoftenlackthesecurityandbenefitsassociatedwithtraditionaljobs,suchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidtimeoff.Thiscanleavethemvulnerabletofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturns.Additionally,thelackofregulationinthegigeconomyhasraisedconcernsaboutworkerprotections.Platformsoftenclassifyworkersasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichmeanstheyarenotentitledtothesamelegalprotectionsandbenefitsastraditionalemployees.Thishassparkeddebatesabouttheneedfornewregulationstoensurefaircompensationandworkingconditionsforgigworkers.Questions:9.Whatisthedefiningcharacteristicofthegigeconomy?10.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthebenefitsofthegigeconomyforworkers?11.Whataresomeoftheconcernsraisedaboutthegigeconomy?12.Theword"substantial"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)MinimalB)SignificantC)TemporaryD)UnstablePassageFourArtificialintelligence(AI),abranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines,hasmadesignificantstridesinrecentyears.AItechnologies,suchasmachinelearninganddeeplearning,arebeingusedinawiderangeofapplications,fromvirtualassistantsandrecommendationsystemstoself-drivingcarsandmedicaldiagnosis.ThepotentialofAItotransformvariousaspectsofourlivesisimmense,butitalsoraisesethicalandsocietalconcernsthatneedtobeaddressed.OneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofAIisinthefieldofhealthcare.AI-powereddiagnostictoolscananalyzemedicalimages,suchasX-raysandMRIs,withgreateraccuracyandspeedthanhumanradiologists.Thiscanleadtoearlierdetectionofdiseases,morepersonalizedtreatmentplans,andimprovedpatientoutcomes.AIisalsobeingusedtodevelopnewdrugsandtherapies,acceleratingthepaceofmedicalresearchandinnovation.AnotherareawhereAIismakingasignificantimpactistransportation.Self-drivingcars,poweredbyAIalgorithms,havethepotentialtorevolutionizethewaywetravel,makingroadssaferandmoreefficient.AIisalsobeingusedtooptimizetrafficflow,reducecongestion,andimprovepublictransportationsystems.Intherealmofcustomerservice,AI-poweredchatbotsandvirtualassistantsareprovidingpersonalizedandefficientsupporttoconsumers,enhancingtheoverallcustomerexperience.DespitethepotentialbenefitsofAI,therearealsoethicalandsocietalconcernsthatneedtobeaddressed.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialdisplacementofjobsarecausingwidespreaddebate.ItiscrucialtodevelopAIsystemsthataretransparent,accountable,andalignedwithhumanvalues.Thisrequirescollaborationbetweenresearchers,policymakers,andstakeholderstoensurethatAIisdevelopedandusedinaresponsibleandethicalmanner.Questions:13.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?14.Accordingtothepassage,howisAIbeingusedinthefieldofhealthcare?15.WhataresomeofthepotentialbenefitsofAIintransportation?16.Theword"displacement"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)CreationB)RetentionC)ReductionD)Transportation試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.B*解析：文章首段指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)從根本上改變了我們的溝通、工作和生活方式，并帶來(lái)了許多挑戰(zhàn)。第二段進(jìn)一步闡述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的積極影響，第三段則討論了其負(fù)面影響。文章整體上是在探討互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的雙重影響，即它既帶來(lái)了益處也帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)B“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展及其帶來(lái)的影響”最能概括文章主旨。2.A*解析：文章第二段提到，“電子郵件、即時(shí)消息、社交媒體和視頻會(huì)議使人們能夠即時(shí)與他人聯(lián)系，無(wú)論他們身在何處?！边@表明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)通過(guò)提供即時(shí)通訊工具，促進(jìn)了個(gè)人關(guān)系的建立和發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)A“使個(gè)人關(guān)系更加緊密”符合文意。3.C*解析：文章第三段明確指出了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幾個(gè)負(fù)面影響，包括隱私和安全問(wèn)題、“錯(cuò)誤信息和兩極分化”以及“數(shù)字鴻溝”。選項(xiàng)C“錯(cuò)誤信息和兩極分化、數(shù)字鴻溝”涵蓋了文中提到的多個(gè)負(fù)面后果。4.B*解析：文章第二段提到，“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)民主化了信息獲取”，意思是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使得信息獲取更加平等和普遍，不再局限于少數(shù)人。選項(xiàng)B“平等化”與“democratized”的意思最接近。5.A*解析：文章第一段明確指出，“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的主要影響是由于燃燒化石燃料等人類(lèi)活動(dòng)，導(dǎo)致大量溫室氣體釋放到大氣中?！边@表明人類(lèi)活動(dòng)是氣候變化的根本原因。選項(xiàng)A“人類(lèi)活動(dòng)，特別是燃燒化石燃料”符合文意。6.A*解析：文章第二段提到，“海平面上升，由于極地冰帽和冰川融化，威脅到沿海社區(qū)遭受洪水和棲息地喪失?！边@表明海平面上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致沿海社區(qū)面臨洪水風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)A“導(dǎo)致沿海社區(qū)面臨洪水風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”符合文意。7.A*解析：文章第三段提到，“減少溫室氣體排放至關(guān)重要，這可以通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)向太陽(yáng)能、風(fēng)能和水能等可再生能源來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。”這表明可