M5Unit1Gettingalongwithothers(講)-2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)(新高考?江蘇)單元知識(shí)清單(詞匯、短語和句型)項(xiàng)目單詞(包括詞性變化——語法填空必備)重點(diǎn)單詞admitv.承認(rèn)，允許進(jìn)入，接/容納→admissionn.接納，準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)/會(huì)，承認(rèn)amusementn.娛樂，消遣→amusev.給……提供娛樂→amusedadj.被逗樂的→amusingadj.有趣的，逗笑的apologizev.道歉/謝罪→apologyn.道歉/謝罪arguev.爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)論→argumentn.爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)辯，爭(zhēng)吵，論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)cheerfuladj.愉快的，高興的，令人愉快的→cheern.愉快，歡呼v.(為某人)打氣，(對(duì)……)歡呼crueladj.傷人的，殘酷的，殘忍的→crueltyn.殘酷，野蠻，虐待，殘酷的行為disagreementn.分歧，爭(zhēng)論，意見不一→agreementn.(反義詞)同意，一致，協(xié)議→disagreev.不同意guiltyadj.內(nèi)疚的，有罪的→guiltn.罪行，內(nèi)疚hopelessadj.沒有好轉(zhuǎn)希望的，無望的→hopefuladj.有希望的，有望的→hopev.希望horribleadj.極壞的，糟糕的，恐怖的，令人震驚的→horrifyv.使恐怖m(xù)ercyn.寬恕，仁慈，憐憫，幸運(yùn)，恩惠→mercifuladj.寬恕的，仁慈的等revisionn.復(fù)習(xí)，修訂，修改→reviewv.復(fù)習(xí) respondv.作出反應(yīng)，反應(yīng)→responsen.反應(yīng)securityn.平安，安全，安全措施→secureadj.安全的，有把握的，穩(wěn)固的，堅(jiān)固的vt.獲得，使安全sensitiveadj.敏感的，體貼的→sensev.意識(shí)到，感覺n.感覺，意識(shí)→sensibleadj.明智的，理智的，合乎情理的，意識(shí)到的，能感覺到的trulyadv.真誠地，誠懇地，衷心地→trueadj.→truthn.真相，實(shí)情，事實(shí)，真實(shí)情況，真實(shí)，真實(shí)性，真理anchorv.扎根于，下錨，使固定，n.錨 begv.懇求，乞討betrayv.出賣，背叛 blamev.責(zé)備，指責(zé)n.(壞事或錯(cuò)事的)責(zé)任，責(zé)備dislikev.不喜歡，厭惡 envyv.&n.羨慕，忌妒focusv.集中注意力于……n.焦點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn) forgive(forgave,forgiven)v.原諒，寬恕quarreln.&v.爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)執(zhí) remarkn.&v.評(píng)論，談?wù)搊vercome(overcame,overcome)vt.克服 pausev.&n.停頓，暫停pretendv.假裝 swear(swore,sworn)v.發(fā)誓，咒罵absurdadj.荒唐的，怪誕的acquaintancen.泛泛之交，熟人，(與某人)認(rèn)識(shí)awkwardadj.令人尷尬的，笨拙的 attituden.態(tài)度，看法 cautiousadj.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的 committedadj.盡心盡力的，堅(jiān)定的eageradj.熱切的，急不可待的 giftedadj.有天賦的，有天才的 identityn.身份 mannern.方式，態(tài)度，舉止sincerelyadv.真誠地 worldwideadv.&adj.全世界(的)識(shí)記單詞athleticadj.擅長(zhǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的，健壯的→athleten.運(yùn)動(dòng)員，運(yùn)動(dòng)選手adolescentadj.青春期的n.青少年 algebran.代數(shù)apartmentn.公寓 arithmeticn.算術(shù)childhoodn.童年，幼年 circusn.馬戲表演，馬戲團(tuán)Easter復(fù)活節(jié) quizn.小測(cè)驗(yàn)mailboxn.郵箱 onlineadv.&adj.在線的topicn.話題 trolleybusn.無軌電車superbadj.極佳的，卓越的 washroomn.洗手間，廁所重點(diǎn)短語accusesb.ofsth.指責(zé)某人做了某事 bebasedon以……為根據(jù)，以……為基礎(chǔ)becautiousabout對(duì)……小心 be/feelashamedof…對(duì)……感到慚愧bedeterminedtodo下定決心去做某事 beproudof/takepridein以……為自豪can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事endup(with+n.)最后成為，最終處于，(以……為結(jié)束=endin+n.)getalongwith與某人相處 getthrough(用電話)接通feellikedoing 想要做…… lookbackon回顧、回憶makefriendswithsb.與……交朋友 keepone’sword信守諾言keeppacewith(與……)步調(diào)一致 relyon依靠，依賴sharewith與……分享 spyon暗中監(jiān)視，窺探stareat盯著看asaresultof由于 beforelong不久，很快inadvance提前，預(yù)先 inconclusion總之inone’sopinion在某人看來regardlessof不管，不顧thanksto幸虧，由于經(jīng)典句型1.否定轉(zhuǎn)移的句型【原句呈現(xiàn)】Idon’tthinkIcanevertrulyforgiveher.(P2)我想我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)真正地原諒她。2.can’thelpdoing及其衍生的句型【原句呈現(xiàn)】Yesterday,Isawhimtalkingtoanotherboy,Peter,andIcannothelpwonderingifhewantsPetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme.(P3)昨天，我看到他跟另外一名叫彼得的男生在說話，我禁不住在想，他是不是希望彼得取代我成為他最好的朋友呢。3.wouldrather...than...句型【原句呈現(xiàn)】YouknowIwouldrathervisitthedentistthanstudyalgebraandarithmetic!(P9)你知道我寧愿看牙醫(yī)也不愿學(xué)習(xí)代數(shù)和算術(shù)！詞匯句型精講一、重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯-1.pretend【原句呈現(xiàn)】Afterwards,Ipretendedtobecheerful,butHannahsensedsomethingwaswrong.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①pretendv.佯裝，假裝；裝扮，扮作，后面只能跟不定式做賓語，不接v-ing分詞。②相關(guān)搭配：pretendtodosth.假裝(要)做某事pretendtobedoingsth.假裝正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth.假裝已經(jīng)完成某事pretendthat-clause假裝……【單句填空】用所給動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁栈蛱钌锨‘?dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2020·浙江高二月考)Whenthebosscamein,theworkerspretended________(work)hardontheirmachines.【答案】tobeworking【解析】根據(jù)語境可知，此處指正在假裝努力工作，應(yīng)使用不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)，即tobedoingsth.。句意：老板進(jìn)來時(shí)，工人們假裝正在辛勤地操作他們的機(jī)器。②(2019·江西南昌市南昌二中課時(shí)練)Theboypretended________(fall)asleepwhenhisfathercameback.【答案】tohavefallen【解析】pretendtohavedonesth.假裝做了某事，故填tohavefallen。句意：他的父親回來時(shí)，這個(gè)男孩假裝睡著了。③(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Shepretended________(nothear)itwhenIstartedsinging.【答案】nottohear【解析】pretendnottodosth.假裝沒有做某事。句意：我唱歌的時(shí)候她假裝沒有聽到。④(2020·天津高二期中)Themantriedtopretend________hehadn’tstolenthemoneybuthisexpressiongavehimaway.【答案】that【解析】pretendthat-clause假裝……。句意：這個(gè)人試圖假裝他沒有偷錢，但是他的表情使他露餡兒了。重點(diǎn)詞匯-2.admit【原句呈現(xiàn)】Wewenttowashourhandsinthegirl’swashroombeforelunchandIadmittedhowbadlyIhaddone.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①admitv.承認(rèn)，允許進(jìn)入，接/容納→admissionn.接納，準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)/會(huì)，承認(rèn)②相關(guān)短語和句型：admit(doing/havingdone)sth.承認(rèn)(做過)某事admitsb./sth.tobe承認(rèn)某人/某物是……admitsb.to/into...準(zhǔn)許/允許某人進(jìn)入(或加入)……beadmittedto/into...被允許進(jìn)入，被……錄取beadmittedas 被接受成為……的一員admit(tosb.)that從句...(向某人)承認(rèn)……itisgenerallyadmittedthat...一般認(rèn)為/普遍認(rèn)為……，……是公認(rèn)的gainadmissionto進(jìn)入……，……被錄取【單句填空】用所給動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空或填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2020·天津河?xùn)|區(qū)高三一模)Oncetheydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchthe________(admit)procedures.【答案】admission【解析】名詞admission修飾名詞procedures。句意：一旦學(xué)生決定上哪個(gè)大學(xué)，他們就應(yīng)該了解一下入學(xué)手續(xù)。②(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))LiYue,atopstudentinourschool,workedhardandgained________(admit)toTsinghuaUniversitythissummer.【答案】admission【解析】gainadmissionto進(jìn)入……，……被錄取。句意：李月，我們學(xué)校里的一名尖子生，學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，今年夏天已被清華大學(xué)錄取。③(2020·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Themuseum,towhichthepublic________(admit)forfree,wasopenweekly.【答案】wasadmitted【解析】admitsb.to...“允許某人進(jìn)入(或加入)……”的被動(dòng)式。句意：這個(gè)博物館，讓公眾免費(fèi)進(jìn)入，每周開放一次。④(2021·全國高一專題練習(xí))She________(admit)tohospitalinSeptember,becauseoffever,productivecough,andweakness.【答案】wasadmitted【解析】beadmittedtohospital收治入院。句意：她于9月因發(fā)燒、咳痰和虛弱被收治入院。⑤(2020·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Tomadmitted________(cheat)intheexaminationandhewasnot________admitted________theschoolatlast.【答案】cheating/havingcheated,to/into【解析】admitdoing/havingdone承認(rèn)做過某事；beadmittedto/into準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入，錄取。句意：湯姆承認(rèn)在考試中作弊，因此他最終沒有被這所學(xué)校錄取。⑥(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Lastmoth,shewasadmitted________amemberofthetradeunion.【答案】as【解析】beadmittedas被接受成為……的一員。句意：上個(gè)月她被接納為工會(huì)會(huì)員。⑦(2021·全國高一專題練習(xí))Youmaynotlikeher,butyouhaveto________________she’sgoodatherjob.【答案】admitthat【解析】admitthat從句...承認(rèn)……。句意：你可能不喜歡她，但你得承認(rèn)她工作做得很好。⑧(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))________isgenerally________(admit)________stayinguplateisnogoodforhealth.【答案】It,admitted,that【解析】itisgenerallyadmittedthat...一般認(rèn)為/普遍認(rèn)為……，……是公認(rèn)的。句意：普遍認(rèn)為熬夜熬太晚不利于身體健康。⑨(2021·全國高一專題練習(xí))Headmittedtheboy________thestadium.【答案】into【解析】admitsb.into...允許某人進(jìn)入……。句意：他允許男孩進(jìn)入體育場(chǎng)。重點(diǎn)詞匯-3.remark【原句呈現(xiàn)】IfeelreallyguiltybecauseImadesomecruelremarkstoo,...【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①remarkn.評(píng)論，意見，話，言論v.評(píng)論，談?wù)摗鷕emarkableadj.非凡的，奇異的，顯著的(adv.remarkably)②相關(guān)短語和句型：remarkon/upon...對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論/看法makeremarks/aremarkon/about就……發(fā)表意見，對(duì)……評(píng)頭論足remark+that(從句)...(評(píng)論)說……【單句填空】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁栈蛱钌锨‘?dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2021·黑龍江哈師大附中高三期末)Mylifeimproved________whenIdiscoveredart.【答案】remarkably【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞improved應(yīng)用副詞remarkably。句意：當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術(shù)后，我的生活有了顯著的改善。②(2021·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Doyoukeeprecordsofyourstudentswhomakeremarkableprogressinlearning?【答案】remarkable【解析】修飾名詞progress應(yīng)該用形容詞remarkable。句意：你對(duì)在學(xué)習(xí)上取得顯著進(jìn)步的學(xué)生有記錄嗎?③(2020·天津一中高一月考)Hiscasual________ledtomybeingmisunderstoodbyothers.【答案】remarks【解析】remarks話，言論。句意：他隨口說的話導(dǎo)致我被別人誤解了。④(2021·全國高一單元測(cè)試)Thesenioremployee________________Debbie’sbodylanguagemadethecustomersfeelwelcome.【答案】remarkedthat【解析】remark+that(從句)...(評(píng)論)說……。句意：那位高級(jí)雇員評(píng)價(jià)道：“戴比的肢體語言讓客人有賓至如歸的感覺。”⑤(2021·步步高高二英語寒假作業(yè))Itisimpolitetoremark________theappearanceofotherpeople.【答案】upon/on【解析】remarkon/upon...對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論/看法。句意：對(duì)別人評(píng)頭論足是不禮貌的。⑥(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Themediaoftenmake________________theprivatelifeofpopularstars.【答案】remarkson(about)【解析】makeremarkson/about就……發(fā)表意見，對(duì)……評(píng)頭論足。句意：對(duì)別人評(píng)頭論足是不禮貌的。重點(diǎn)詞匯-4.argue【原句呈現(xiàn)】Sinceweargued,hehasn’tspokentomeeventhoughwesitnexttoeachotherinclass.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①arguev.爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)論→argumentn.爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)辯，爭(zhēng)吵，論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)②相關(guān)搭配和句型：arguewithsb.與某人爭(zhēng)吵(爭(zhēng)論) argueabout/oversth.爭(zhēng)論某事argueabout/oversth.withsb.和某人爭(zhēng)論某事 argueforsth.贊成某事argueagainststh.反對(duì)某事 argueo/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事haveanargumentabout/oversth.辯論某事 settleanargument解決爭(zhēng)端beyondargument無可爭(zhēng)辯 inanargumentwith與……爭(zhēng)論/爭(zhēng)執(zhí)argue+that(從句)...爭(zhēng)辯說……【單句填空】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁栈蛱钌锨‘?dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2020·江蘇高三二模)—Doyouthinktheonlywaytotrulyknowapersonisto________________him?—Ican’tagreemore.Whenthe________isinfullswingitrevealstheircharacter.【答案】arguewith,argument【解析】arguewithsb.與某人爭(zhēng)吵(爭(zhēng)論)；定冠詞the后面常常用名詞，故填argument。句意：“你認(rèn)為唯一可以真正了解一個(gè)人的方法是和他爭(zhēng)論嗎？”“我非常同意。當(dāng)爭(zhēng)論全面展開時(shí)，它會(huì)揭露他們的性格?！雹?2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Theyarguedme__________buyinganewbike.【答案】into【解析】argueodoingsth.說服某人做某事。句意：他們說服了我買一輛自行車。③(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Heargued________smoking,andinsistedthatitwas________argumentthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth.【答案】against,beyond【解析】argueagainststh.反對(duì)某事；beyondargument無可爭(zhēng)辯。句意：他反對(duì)吸煙，并堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康是無可爭(zhēng)辯的。④(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Itisuselesstryingtoargue________him________it.【答案】with,about/over【解析】argueabout/oversth.withsb.和某人爭(zhēng)論某事。句意：同他就這件事爭(zhēng)辯是沒有用的。⑤(2021·全國高二專題練)Some________________thesefiguresarenotasworryingastheyseem.【答案】arguethat【解析】argue+that(從句)...爭(zhēng)辯說……。句意：一些人爭(zhēng)辯說，這些圖并不像他們看起來那么令人擔(dān)憂。重點(diǎn)詞匯-5.apologize【原句呈現(xiàn)】Thethingshesaidhurtmetoo,buthehasnotapologizedtome.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①apologizev.道歉/謝罪→apologyn.道歉/謝罪apologize為不及物動(dòng)詞，不能直接跟賓語，須接介詞to或for加賓語②相關(guān)短語：apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apologizeforAtoBfor...因(A所做的)某事替A向B道歉accept/refuseanapology接受/拒絕道歉demandanapologyfromsb.要求某人道歉express/give/makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉/表示歉意makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉owesb.anapology應(yīng)向某人道歉/欠某人一個(gè)道歉【單句填空】填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空：①(2021·新疆烏魯木齊市八中高一月考)Aftertheclasswasover,LiPingapologized________theteacher________his________(come)late.【答案】to,for,coming【解析】apologizetosb.fordoingsth.因(做)某事向某人道歉。句意：下課后，李平為他的遲到向老師道歉。②(2021·長(zhǎng)春市榆樹高級(jí)中學(xué)高一期中)Youshouldapologize________her________yourrudeness.【答案】to,for【解析】apologizetosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉。句意：你應(yīng)該為你的粗魯向她道歉。③(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Yourbehaviorwasoutrageous.I________an________fromyou！【答案】demand,apology【解析】demandanapologyfromsb.要求某人道歉。句意：你的行為太無禮了。我要求你道歉?、?2020·七臺(tái)河市第一中學(xué)高二專題練)I________youanapologyforwhatIsaidthismorning.Anyway,Imeantnooffence.【答案】owe【解析】owesb.anapology欠某人一個(gè)道歉。句意：因?yàn)槲医裉煸缟险f的話，我欠你一個(gè)道歉。⑤(2020·浙江高一期中)Hedidn’tkeephisword,________whichhemadean________________histeacher.【答案】for,apologyto【解析】“makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉”的變形。句意：他沒有信守諾言，為此他向老師道歉了。⑥(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Mr.Harrisapologized________thechildren________thelady________whattheyhaddone.【答案】for,to,for【解析】apologizeforAtoBfor...因A所做的某事替A向B道歉。句意：哈利斯先生替這些孩子們?yōu)樗麄兯龅氖孪蚰俏慌康狼?。重點(diǎn)詞匯-6.sensitive【原句呈現(xiàn)】Itoldmybrotheraboutthequarrel,buthesaidMattewisjusttoosensitiveandperhapsalittlebitter...【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①sensitiveadj.敏感的，體貼的→sensev.意識(shí)到，感覺n.感覺，意識(shí)→sensibleadj.明智的，理智的，合乎情理的，意識(shí)到的，能感覺到的→senselessadj.無意義的，無目的的，失去知覺，不明智的，愚蠢的②相關(guān)短語和句型：besensitiveabout介/在意，在乎 besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感makesense有意義，有道理，講得通(否定式：notmakeanysense=makenosense)makesenseof理解，弄懂，弄清……的意思sensethat從句...意識(shí)到……ina/somesense從某種意義上說【單句填空】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁栈蛱钌锨‘?dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2021·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Thepeopleinthevillagewereforthemostpart________tobeingpooratthattime.【答案】sensitive【解析】besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感。句意：那時(shí)候這個(gè)村子里的人大多對(duì)貧窮很敏感。②(2019·江蘇省天一中學(xué)高三月考)—Whatdoyouthinkofhersuggestion?—Actuallyitwouldbemuchmore________totalkaboutitlater.【答案】sensible【解析】more+形容詞構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，故填sensible。句意：“你覺得她的建議怎么樣？”“事實(shí)上，以后再討論這個(gè)問題要明智得多?！雹?2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Youmightgetbehindifyouspendtoomuchtimedebating________issues.【答案】senseless【解析】senselessadj.無意義的。句意：如果花太多時(shí)間爭(zhēng)論沒意義的事情，你就會(huì)落后于人。④(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Sheprobably________________Iwasn’ttellingherthewholestory.【答案】sensedthat【解析】sensethat從句...意識(shí)到……。句意：她可能意識(shí)到了我并沒有對(duì)她全盤托出。⑤(2021·上海中學(xué)高二月考)________somesense,yearsofeconomicrecessionremainedanevilthattouchedthewholenationaleconomy．【答案】In【解析】insomesense從某種意義上說句意：從某種意義上說，多年的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退仍然是影響整個(gè)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的禍根。⑥(2021·天津靜海一中高三模擬)—Canyoureallymakesense________whatImean,Cathy?—I’msorry.Yourmeaningdidn’treallygetacross.【答案】of【解析】makesenseof理解。句意：“Cathy，你真的能理解我的意思嗎？”“我很抱歉。我真沒理解你的意思?！雹?2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Itdoesn’tmake________sense(=Itmakes________sense)tobuythecheapestcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.【答案】any(no)【解析】makesense有意義，有道理，講得通(否定式：notmakeanysense=makenosense)。句意：就為了省幾美元而購買最便宜的電腦，簡(jiǎn)直沒有意義。⑧(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Youngpeopleareverysensitive________theirappearance.【答案】about【解析】besensitiveabout介/在意，在乎。句意：年輕人對(duì)外表很在意。重點(diǎn)詞匯-7.committed【原句呈現(xiàn)】Friendshipmeansbeingcommittedtoothers.友誼意味著對(duì)別人忠誠。【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①commitv.犯(罪)，把……托付給，承諾→committedadj.盡心盡力的，堅(jiān)信的，堅(jiān)定的→commitmentn.承諾，委托，承擔(dān)義務(wù)，獻(xiàn)身②相關(guān)短語：commitoneselfto獻(xiàn)/投身于……，委身于……，致力于……(短語中的to為介詞)becommittedto獻(xiàn)/投身于，忠于……，致力于……(短語中的to為介詞)commita/thecrime犯罪 commitsuicide自殺makeacommitment做出承諾【單句填空】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁栈蛱钌锨‘?dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2021·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Hewashighlypraisedforhis________tohisworkandduty.【答案】commitment【解析】在介詞for后應(yīng)用名詞作賓語，名詞commitment意為“投入”。故填commitment。句意：他對(duì)工作和職責(zé)的投入受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。②(2021·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Asateacher,Mr.Lihasbeentotally________________hisworkandduty.【答案】committed,to【解析】becommittedto獻(xiàn)身于，忠于……，致力于……。句意：作為一名教師，李先生對(duì)他的工作和職責(zé)是完全投入的。③(2021·全國高二課時(shí)練習(xí))Ifyouareseriousaboutourrelationship,youshouldmake________________.【答案】acommitment【解析】makeacommitment做出承諾。句意：如果你認(rèn)真對(duì)待我們的關(guān)系，你應(yīng)該做出承諾。④(2020·江蘇省高郵中學(xué)高二月考)________________todevelopingthegreeneconomy,asisreported,isthedrivingforcebehindthesuccessofthevillage.【答案】Beingcommitted【解析】commit意為“承諾”，動(dòng)詞詞性，句中涉及固定短語“becommittedto…”，意為“致力于……”，committed意為“盡心盡力的”，形容詞詞性，句中有系動(dòng)詞is且句中無連詞，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作主語。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，致力于發(fā)展綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)是該村成功的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。⑤(2021·黑龍江哈爾濱三中高二期末)Policehaveruledoutthepossibilitythatthemancommitted________.【答案】suicide【解析】commitsuicide自殺。句意：警方已經(jīng)排除了該男子自殺的可能性。⑥(2021·福建省廈門集美中學(xué))Hewasseentoenterthebuildingaboutthetimethe________wascommitted.【答案】crime【解析】“committhecrime犯罪”的被動(dòng)式?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。句意：有人看見他大約在案發(fā)時(shí)進(jìn)入了那幢大樓。⑦(2021·江蘇省天一中學(xué)高一期末)Iwouldadvisepeopletothinkverycarefullyaboutcommitting________toworkingonSundays.【答案】themselves【解析】commitoneselftodoingsth.致力于做某事/投身于做某事。句意：我建議人們慎重考慮在星期天投身于工作。介詞about后需接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，，固定搭配。故填committing。重點(diǎn)詞匯-8.mercy【原句呈現(xiàn)】BecauseIamafriend,Ihavehadtolearnpatienceandmercy.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①mercyn.寬恕，仁慈，憐憫，幸運(yùn)，恩惠→mercifuladj.寬恕的，仁慈的等②相關(guān)短語：show(no/little)mercytosb./have(no/little)mercyonsb.對(duì)某人(不)憐憫/對(duì)某人(不)仁慈/寬容atthemercyof任憑……的擺布，完全受……的支配withoutmercy毫不留情地，殘忍地 bemercifulto/towardssb.對(duì)某人仁慈【單句填空】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁栈蛱钌锨‘?dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2021·全國高二單元測(cè)試)Thecaptainaskedhismemberstobe________________thevillagers.【答案】mercifulto/towards【解析】bemercifulto/towards...對(duì)……仁慈。句意：船長(zhǎng)要求他的船員們對(duì)村民們?nèi)蚀刃?。?2021·廣東高二期末)Socruelisthemanthathenevershowsany________________whoeverisagainsthisopinion.【答案】mercyto【解析】showmercytosb.對(duì)某人憐憫。句意：這個(gè)人是如此殘忍，他從不對(duì)任何反對(duì)他意見的人表示任何憐憫。③(2021·全國高二單元測(cè)試)Theslaveshadnofreedomandeventheirliveswere________the________oftheslaveowners.【答案】at,mercy【解析】atthemercyof任憑……的擺布。句意：奴隸沒有自由，甚至他們的生命都任憑奴隸主的的擺布。④(2020·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Grasslandisdestroyed________mercysothatduststormscomeintobeingaffectingdistantcities.【答案】without【解析】withoutmercy毫不留情地。句意：草原被無情地破壞，形成了影響遙遠(yuǎn)城市的沙塵暴。重點(diǎn)詞匯-9.regardlessof【原句呈現(xiàn)】Thequalitiesthatboysandgirlsconsiderimportantinafriendseemtobethesame,regardlessofthebasisofthesefriendships.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①regardlessof與inspiteof,despite：regardlessof(后面要跟名詞或名詞短語作其賓語)，表示不去考慮，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上“不管，不顧”。inspiteof為介詞短語(后面呀跟名詞或名詞短語作其賓語)表示轉(zhuǎn)折，是“盡管”的意思；despite=inspiteof。②regardless與regardlessof：regardlessof是副詞短語(后面要跟名詞或名詞短語作其賓語)，而regardless既可以作形容詞，也可以作副詞。③相關(guān)短語：inregardto=withregardto/about關(guān)于，至于【單句填空】填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組：①(2019·全國高二課時(shí)練習(xí))________herrecentsurgery,shehasbeencarryingon________.【答案】Despite/Inspiteof,regardless【解析】inspiteof為介詞短語(后面要跟名詞或名詞短語作其賓語)表示轉(zhuǎn)折，是“盡管”的意思；despite=inspiteof。regardless“不管，不顧”做狀語。句意：盡管她最近做了手術(shù)，但是她不加理會(huì)，繼續(xù)工作。②(2019·全國高二課時(shí)練習(xí))Everyonehastherighttogoodmedicalcare________theirabilitytopay.【答案】regardlessof【解析】regardlessof是形容詞短語(后面要跟名詞或名詞短語作其賓語)，表示不去考慮，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上“不管，不顧”句意：大家都有權(quán)利去享受好的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，不論其支付能力如何。③(2019·全國高二課時(shí)練)________theconsequencesofthechemicalleaks,thespecialistshaven’tgivenfinalconclusionbeforetheyobtainaccuratestatistics.【答案】Inregardto/Withregardto(about)關(guān)于，至于【解析】inregardto=withregardto/about關(guān)于，至于。句意：關(guān)于化學(xué)泄露所產(chǎn)生的后果，專家在拿到準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)之前，還沒有給出最后結(jié)論。重點(diǎn)詞匯-10.relyon【原句呈現(xiàn)】FriendshipmeanshavingsomeoneIcanrelyon.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①relyon(dependon)依靠，依賴②相關(guān)短語和句型：relyonsb.todo...依靠/指望某人做……relyonone’sdoingsth.依賴某人做……relyonsb.forsth.依賴某人某事relyonone’sownefforts/strength依靠自身力量，自力更生，靠一己之力主語＋relyon/dependon＋it形式賓語＋that從句：放心/相信/指望……類例：主語＋hate/dislike/love/like＋it形式賓語＋when從句主語＋appreciate＋it形式賓語＋if從句主語＋seeto＋it形式賓語＋that從句……【單句填空】填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~：①(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Meanwhilehepointedoutthatthatwasnottheonlysafetynetthatgraduatescould________on.【答案】rely/depend【解析】relyon(dependon)依靠，依賴。句意：同時(shí)，他指出：那不是畢業(yè)生唯一可以依賴的安全網(wǎng)站。②(2021屆江蘇英語新高考一輪復(fù)習(xí))Thetechnologyprogressisanimportantfactoroftheeconomicgrowthoftheworld,butanycountrycannottotallyrelyonone’sown__________tocarryonallscientificandtechnicalinnovation.\o"點(diǎn)擊發(fā)音"【答案】strength/efforts【解析】relyonone’sownefforts/strength依靠自身力量，自力更生，靠一己之力。句意：技術(shù)進(jìn)步是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要因素，但任何國家都不可能完全依靠自身力量進(jìn)行所有的科技創(chuàng)新。③(2020·浙江寧波市余姚中學(xué)高二月考)Youcanrelyon________________theywillfinishtheirworkaheadoftime.【答案】it,that【解析】此處用it做形式賓語，指代后面that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句thattheywillfinishtheirworkaheadoftime。故填it。句意：你可以放心他們會(huì)提前完成工作的。④(2019·全國高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Idislike________________youlaughatothersinpublicorspeakillofothersbehind.【答案】itwhen【解析】dislike“不喜歡”，后面用it作形式賓語指代when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句意：我不喜歡你在公共場(chǎng)合嘲笑別人或在背后說別人的壞話。⑤(2018·四川成都外國語學(xué)校高一期末)Iwouldappreciate________________youcaninformusthetimeandlocationofthemeetinginadvance.【答案】itif【解析】Iwouldappreciateitif從句。句意：如果能提前通知我們開會(huì)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，我們會(huì)非常感激。二、經(jīng)典句型1.否定轉(zhuǎn)移的句型【原句呈現(xiàn)】Idon’tthinkIcanevertrulyforgiveher.【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】①當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞為think,believe,suppose,guess,imagine等等，且主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，往往把對(duì)賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語動(dòng)詞上。變成反意疑問句時(shí)，附加問句部分一般與從句一致。②否定becauseof狀語或because狀語從句：Idon’tloveyoubecauseofyourfamilybackground.我愛你不是因?yàn)槟愕募彝ケ尘?。HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。③seem,appear否定的轉(zhuǎn)移：Itdoesn’tseemthattheyknowwheretogo.看來他們不知道往哪去。Itdoesn’tappearthatwe’llhaveasunnydaytomorrow.看來我們明天不會(huì)碰上好天氣。Englishdoesn’tseemeasytolearn.英語好像不容易學(xué)?！就瓿删渥印竣?2020·重慶八中高一月考)我認(rèn)為你在會(huì)議上所說的話沒有任何意義，不是嗎？I__________whathesaidatthemeetingmakesanysense,________?【答案】don’tthink,